SYSTEM MAINTENANCE
Chapter 1:
PC OVERVIEW AND MAINTENANCE
COMPUTER EQUIPMENT
Lecturer: Pham Thi Mien
Department: Information Technology
Chapter 1:
PC OVERVIEW AND MAINTENANCE
COMPUTER EQUIPMENT
Content
Overview of PC computers
Outline of computer architecture
Software organization
The main components of the computer
1.1 PC overview
Process of computer operation:
Input.
Process information
Output
Computer development history
1642: Bailse Pascal
Build a Pascaline
machine that can do 2
calculations (+) & (-)
1671: Gottfried Leibniz
builds a Stepped
Reckone that can
calculations (+), (-), (*),
(/)
1842: Charles Babbage
builds calculator: a
differential, automatic
and program
Computer development history
Computer development history
1st generation
(1946-1955)
Computer ENIAC
ENIAC shut down in the evening
October 2, 1955
Computer Von Neumann
Computer development history
2st generation (1956-1965)
Computer development history
3st generation (1966-1980)
Appear IC: Integrated Circuit.
Integrated Circuit SSI: Small Scale
Integration
Multilayer printed circuit board
Semiconductor Memory
Multi-program calculator
IC: Integrated Circuit.
Split time operating system
Computer development history
4st generation (after 1981)
Integrated Circuit LSI: Large Scale Integration
IC: Integrated Circuit.
Computer development history
Current is 5st generation
1.2. Outline of computer architecture
1.3. Software organization
Software?
System software?
Application software?
Compiler
1.4. Main components of a computer
Case
is the enclosure that contains most of
the components of a computer (usually
excluding the display, keyboard and
mouse)
Case classify:
Case ATX (Advance Technology Extended):
Full ATX: size 19”x 9.6” (48.26 x 24.4cm).
Mini ATX: size 11.2”x 8.2” (28.45cm x 20.83cm).
Extended ATX: size 12”x 13” (30.48cm x 33.02cm).
MicroATX: size 9.6”x 9.6” (24.4cm x 24.4cm).
Case BTX (Balanced Technology Extended):
BTX: size 12.8”x 10.5” (32.512cm x 26.67cm).
MicroBTX: size 10.4”x 10.5” (26.416 x 26.67cm).
NanoBTX: size 8.8”x 10.5” (22.352cm x 26.67cm).
PicoBTX: size 8”x 10.5” (20.32cm x 26.67cm).
Case Server
Case LAPTOP
Case Structer
Case behind
Case Front
Signal wire and lights
Used to connect signals: hard
drive lights, power signal lights
and start buttons...
HDD_LED
Power_LED
Power_SW
Reset_SW
Speaker
F_USB2.0
F_Audio
POWER SUPPLY
The power supply converts the alternating current (AC)
from your mains (110V
input or 220V input) to the direct current (DC) needed by the
computer
Power Supply classify
AT: Don’t Use
Power Supply classify
ATX:
ATX: main jack 20 pins (Pentium III /Athlon XP).
ATX12V: main jack 20 pins , 4-pin auxiliary cord (Pentium 4/ Athlon 64).
ATX12V 2.X: main jack 24 pins , 4-pin auxiliary cord (Pentium 4 Socket 775
vs Athlon 64, PCI-Express).
ATX power supply structure
How do ATX power supply work?
Wire color
Power supply components
1. Cool fan
2. Jacks
3. Voltage transfer switch
4. Power jack
power supply wire for the Mainboard
12v auxiliary power wire to support CPU
Power wire to attach the device
Power wire SATA
Transfer cable SATA
Power wire Card PCI Ex 16x
Power supply parameters
Volt:
Amp:
Watt:
Check the ATX power supply:
Diagnosis And Troubleshooting Of Power Supply
Trouble Diagnose Fix
The computer usually - Unstable power supply - Use a voltage stabilize
restarts when entering the - Power supply voltage drop - Replace power supply
Windows Logon interface. - Repair the power
- Capacitor damage
supply.
System power isn’t - Power supply broke/ not Check Power supply
activated powered
- The power cord is
damaged
- Power switch isn’t open
- The jacks are poorly
connected
When device plugged into Power supply isn’t guaranteed - Check Power supply
the Front USB Port, - USB port
computer restarted or
- Change port,
crashed
- Check wire connection
Mainboard
The motherboard is the key circuit
board holding the essential
processing parts of a
computer. It allows all the parts
computer to receive power and
communicate with one anothe
Mainboard of Pentium 3
Mainboard of Pentium 2
Mainboard of Pentium 4 soket 423 Mainboard of Pentium 4 soket 478
Mainboard Socket 775 support Chip Intel Core™ 2 Duo Processor! And Dual DDR2
Mainboard with the latest technology supports 2-core chip and Ram, with 2 Card Video AGP and 2 ROM BIOS
System board Depictions
+ The oldest system board
AT + Power connector P8 and P9
+ Dimensions 30.5 x 33 cm
+ The most popular
motherboard standard
ATX
+ Length 30cm, width 17-24cm
+ 7 expansion slots max
+ All standard ATX cases support
Mini-ATX
Mini-ATX
+ Length 28cm, width 21cm
+ Use for small case
Micro-ATX
+ Length 24cm, width 17-24cm
+ 4 expansion slots
CPU
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
CU (Control Unit)
Registers
Internal Memory
SDRAM
DDRAM
External Memory
Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse
Printer
Card
Modem
.......
Network Card Video Card
Card Modem
Switch
wireless modem
Modem
Discuss
What components does the size and shape of a computer
case depend?
How activity Ram? SRAM, DRAM? Ram speed indicators
Why do PC maintenance? Requests
