Time Series Problem Set
1. Define time series data and provide three examples
2. Name the name and describe the main components of a time series.
3. Based on the components you have mentioned, label – A, B, C, D,& E on this graph of demand
patterns for a service over a 4 yr period
B
Demand for product or service
D
| | | |
1 2 3 4
Time (years)
4. Describe the time series depicted in the pictures :
A. B.
Sales
Sales
Time Time
C. D.
Sales Sales
Summer
Winter
Summer
Winter Spring Fall
Spring Fall
Time (Quarterly)
Time
Sales
E.
Year
1
5. What are the 5 main objectives of time series analysis?
6. What two methods can be used to eliminate the trend in a given time series?
7. Name and describe the following algebraic models
(A) (B) Xt = mt + st + Yt
Xt = mt + Yt
A B C D
A B C
8. The sales recorded at Freetown Mall is presented in the table below. The performance of sales
over time is depicted by 𝑋̂𝑡 = 𝛽̂0 + 𝛽̂ ̂
1 𝑡. The estimated trend is 𝑋𝑡 = 21.905 + 9.571𝑡
What will be their total sales for 2024, 2025 and 2026?
Year Time Sales
Period Le
(t) (billions)
(X)
2918 0 20
2019 1 40
2020 2 30
2021 3 60
2022 4 70
2023 5 60
2024 6 ?
2025 7 ?
2026 8 ?
9. If 𝑦̂ = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 is a simple linear model using least squares; what is 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏 ?
2
10. The electricity demand of the inhabitants of Mount Auroel for the last seven years is shown in
the table below. Using the least squares, illustrate the demand over time using a simple linear
model. Based on the demand trend over time as per your model, what is the forecasted
electricity demand for Mout Aureol in 2025 and 2026 based on your model?
Year Time Electrical
Period Power
Demand
(Megawatt)
2918 1 74
2019 2 79
2020 3 80
2021 4 90
2022 5 105
2023 6 142
2024 7 122
2025 8 ?
2026 9 ?
11. What do we mean by stationary time series?
12. How do we get a stationary time series?
13. Calculate a five-year moving average from the following data set:
Year Sales
($M)
2003 4
2004 6
2005 5
2006 8
2007 9
2008 5
2009 4
2010 3
2011 7
2012 9
14. Deasonalize the data in Table 14.2.3. What do you conclude?