PE 4 - Physical Activities Toward Health and Fitness 4 (Sports)
VOLLEYBALL
Courtesy of the International Olympic Committee
Submitted by:
Yasmien Ianne Masallo
BSED 2-1 Major in English
Submitted to:
Prof. Danilo Villena
Introduction
Volleyball is a popular team sport played by millions of people worldwide. It is a
non-invasive game played with a net, where two teams of six members each compete
against each other. The objective is to control the ball and score points by successfully
hitting it over the net into the opponent's court. Volleyball combines individual skills with
teamwork, creativity with discipline, and dynamic effort with fun and enjoyment (Buchtel,
1981, p. 12).
HISTORY
The history of volleyball, once perceived as a straightforward narrative, has recently
undergone significant scrutiny and reassessment. For decades, the sport's inception was
attributed to William George Morgan on February 9, 1895, a date enshrined in sporting
lore. However, meticulous investigations, notably by the International Volleyball Hall of
Fame (IVHF), have uncovered discrepancies challenging this widely accepted belief.
Contrary to the traditional narrative, records indicate that Morgan's tenure at the Auburn,
Maine YMCA continued until August of 1895, casting doubt on his role as the sole
progenitor of volleyball during that February. Moreover, the IVHF's research has brought to
light the overlooked contributions of individuals such as Dr. Frank Woods and Holyoke Fire
Chief John Lynch to the sport's early development.
The emergence of these revelations challenges established historical accounts,
emphasizing the importance of rigorous research and scholarly scrutiny in shaping
accurate narratives. The reliance on sources like Wikipedia, which propagated the iconic
February 9th date without verifiable citation, serves as a cautionary tale.
Furthermore, while William Morgan remains prominently associated with volleyball's
creation, the IVHF's investigations have highlighted the pivotal roles played by Dr. Woods
and Chief Lynch. Their contributions, though marginalized in historical narratives, enriched
the collaborative efforts that shaped the sport's infancy.
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This reassessment not only redefines volleyball's origins but also holds broader
implications for understanding sporting history and the construction of historical memory.
By interrogating established narratives and acknowledging the contributions of overlooked
figures, the IVHF aims to foster a more nuanced appreciation of volleyball's origins and
evolution.
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
According to the article "The 6 Basic Fundamentals in Volleyball" on Javelin Sports
Inc., volleyball can be broken down into six fundamental actions that are constantly
repeated throughout the match: serving, passing, setting, spiking, blocking, and digging.
1. Serving
The serve is the first contact in a volleyball game and is an important opportunity to
gain an advantage over the opposing team. It can be used to score points or disrupt
the opposing team's formation.
2. Passing
Also known as the bump, passing is used to receive the ball from the opposing
team's serve or hit. The goal is to keep the ball in play and set up an offensive play.
3. Setting
Setting or overhead passing is the most important step in an offensive play as it
determines which player gets to spike or attack. The setter must have good
hand-eye coordination and spatial awareness.
4. Spiking
Spiking, also known as attacking, is the final step in the pass-set-spike sequence and
is used to score points. It involves jumping with powerful arm swings to smash the
ball onto the opponent's side of the court.
5. Blocking
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Blocking is a defensive skill used to stop the opposing team's attack. Blockers must
focus on stopping the opposing team's offensive attacks and have good timing,
vertical height, and hand positioning.
6. Digging
Digging is a defensive skill used to save the ball from hitting the ground. It requires
sinking the hips low to the floor, stretching out the arms, and using lower body
movement to track and receive the ball.
These fundamental skills are crucial in volleyball and require practice to master. Each skill
contributes to the overall strategy, athleticism, and teamwork required in the sport.
FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT
A volleyball is about 25.6 to 26.4 inches around and weighs 9.2 to 9.9 ounces. It's made of
synthetic leather or composite leather for durability. The inflation pressure is typically 4.3 to
4.6 psi.
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The volleyball court is 60 feet by 30 feet, with the net in the middle. Each side of the net is
30 feet by 30 feet. There's a center line dividing the court, an attack line 10 feet from the
center, and a service line 10 feet from the right sideline.
The net's poles are 36 feet apart, 3 feet from the sidelines. It's 7 feet 4 inches high for
women and 8 feet high for men.
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TERMINOLOGIES
Switching in transition:
Players changing positions on the court after successfully returning the ball over the
net, ensuring they're in their specialized positions. This is crucial due to overlapping
rules during serve receive.
Backcourt setter:
A setter who executes sets from the back row, contributing to the team's offensive
strategy.
Serve receive formation:
The arrangement of players during serve receive, designed to optimize reception
and transition into offense.
6-2 offense:
An offensive strategy with two setters and six hitters, ensuring three attackers are
always available in the front row.
5-1 offense:
A strategy with a single setter who sets in every rotation, allowing the setter to
contribute as an attacker when at the net.
Joust:
When two players simultaneously contact the ball above the net, resulting in a block.
Only front row players can engage in jousting.
Strong side hitter:
Also known as the outside hitter, attacks from the left side, often receiving frequent
sets and executing powerful spikes.
Screen:
When a team obstructs the opponent's view of the serve, leading to a loss of rally
and a point awarded to the opposing team if detected.
Off-speed attack:
Spiking the ball with reduced velocity and trajectory for accuracy, aiming to deceive
opponents and strategically place the ball within the court.
Reading the opponent:
Defensive players' ability to anticipate and predict opposing team actions, enhancing
defensive prowess and strategic positioning.
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SIMPLE RULES
In volleyball, there are 6 players on the court at a time, with 3 in the front row and 3
in the back row. Each team can hit the ball a maximum of 3 times per side, and points are
scored on every serve (rally-point scoring). Players can't hit the ball twice in a row except for
blocks. The ball can be played off the net during a volley or serve. It's in if it hits a boundary
line but out if it touches certain areas like the antenna or the referee stand. Players can use
any part of their body to contact the ball but can't catch, hold, or throw it. Blocking or
attacking a serve from inside the 10-foot line is illegal. Front-line players can switch
positions after the serve. Matches consist of sets, typically with 3-set matches being 2 sets
to 25 points and the third set to 15, while 5-set matches are 4 sets to 25 points and the fifth
set to 15, with a team needing to win by 2 points.
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References
(n.d.). Volleyball. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from
https://www.fsps.muni.cz/emuni/data/reader/book-23/08.html
(n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.readingeagle.com%2F
2023%2F10%2F12%2Ftwin-valley-defeats-wilson-3-2-in-girls-volleyball%2F&psig=AOv
Vaw2QrkeT5P_jb6S7OBEeuqj-&ust=1708357746010000&source=images&cd=vfe&op
i=89978449&ved=0CBMQjRxqFwoTCLjChu
(n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwallpapersafari.com%2Fw%
2Ff5BYpH&psig=AOvVaw1EDiMlma2AORXmCHFu-UzX&ust=1708357919675000&so
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AdAAAAABAJ
(n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from https://pin.it/6YsYnKAZb
(n.d.). Basic Volleyball Rules and Terminology. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from
https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/sportshub2-uploads-prod/files/sites/2735/202
1/01/20141408/Basic-Volleyball-Rules-and-Terminology.pdf
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The 6 Basic Fundamentals in Volleyball. (2023, March 6). Javelin Sports. Retrieved February
18, 2024, from
https://www.javelinsportsinc.com/posts/the-6-basic-fundamentals-in-volleyball
The REAL History of Volleyball. (n.d.). International Volleyball Hall of Fame. Retrieved February
18, 2024, from https://www.volleyhall.org/history-of-volleyball.html
Volleyball Equipment and Facilities. (n.d.). Topend Sports. Retrieved February 18, 2024, from
https://www.topendsports.com/sport/volleyball/equipment.htm
