Life of José Rizal Childhood and Early Education

3 years old
➢ Rizal’s mother, Doña Teodora, was his
first teacher that taught him religion,
alphabet, and the first to notice his talent

8 years old
➢ First tutor: Maestro Celentino
➢ Second tutor: Maestro Lucas Padua
➢ Third tutor: Leon Monroy – taught him
Latin and Spanish

9 years old +
➢ Rizal left Calamba with his brother to
study in Biñan.
➢ Paciano introduced Rizal to his former
teacher, Justiniano Aquino Cruz.
➢ He also had painting lessons under
Maestro Cruz' father-in-law, Juancho, an
old painter.
Objectives:
✔ discuss about Rizal’s family, childhood,
December 17, 1870
and early education
➢ Rizal went home to Calamba after one and
✔ describe people, places, and events that
a half year of studying in Biñan.
influenced Rizal’s early life
➢ Accompanied by was accompanied by
✔ explain Rizal’s growth as a propagandist;
Arturo Camps, a Frenchman, and friend of
and
his father
✔ identify the factors that led to Rizal’s
execution
Student of Manila
Ateneo Municipal (1872-1877)
Rizal’s Background
➢ formerly known as Escuela Pia
➢ Name: Jose Protasio Rizal Mercado
➢ Rizal took the entrance exam on June 10,
Alonso y Realonda
1872, four months after the execution of
➢ Birth date: June 19, 1861
GOMBURZA
➢ Birth place: Calamba, Laguna
➢ Bachiller en Artes – a six year program
➢ Mother: Teodora Alonso Realonda
➢ Paciano made Jose Rizal use the surname
➢ Father: Francisco Engrasio Mercado
RIZAL instead of MERCADO because of
➢ Siblings: Saturnina, Paciano (only brother
the suspicions about Burgos (one of the
of Rizal), Narcisa, Olimpia, Lucia, Maria,
three priests executed) and his student
Conception, Josefa, Trinidad, Soledad
including Paciano
*Rizal is the 7th among the eleven
➢ became the “emperor” most outstanding
➢ Spouse: Josephine Bracken
student in class in just a month’s time
➢ graduated with highest honors
Father: Latin and Philosophy, Colegio de San
Jose
University of Santo Tomas (1877-1882)
Mother: Colegio de Santa Rosa
➢ Doña Teodora initially oppose the idea of
a second degree for fear of what happened
to GOMBURZA
 ➢ freshmen year (1877-1878): attended the ➢ Madrid Ateneo – French, English,
course Philosophy and Letters German classes
➢ he took up a vocational course in Ateneo ➢ Schools of Sans and Carbonell – fencing
that gave him the title perito agrimensor class
(expert surveyor) issued on November 25,
1881. January 02, 1884
➢ second year: Rizal shifted course to ➢ Rizal proposed the writing of a novel
Medicine after learning about his about the Philippine society
mother’s failing eyesight ➢ He was able to write the first half of his
➢ In 1882, Rizal and Paciano made a secret novel, Noli Me Tangere, in Madrid
pact-Rizal would go to Europe to
complete his medical studies there and June 1884
prepare himself for the great task of ➢ Rizal was awarded with the degree and
liberating the country from Spanish title of Licentiate in Medicine for passing
tyranny the medical examinations
▪ The degree was NOT given to him
Rizal in Europe because he failed to pay the fee
May 03, 1882 required to defend his thesis
➢ Rizal left the Philippines for Spain
▪ Rizal and his brother made a deal – June 19, 1885
Rizal will continue his medical studies ➢ Rizal obtained his degree in Licenciado
and the life and laws in Europe for en Filosofiya y Letras (Licentiate in
Filipino liberation vs. Spanish Philosophy and Letters) from the
Imperialism Unibersidad Central de Madrid with a
▪ Paciano, Chenggoy, Antonio Rivera, rating of sobresaliente or outstanding
Family of Orang ➢ He also took examinations in Greek,
Latin, and World History
June 16, 1882 ▪ won first price in Greek and a grade of
➢ Rizal reached Barcelona during summer “excellent” in history
vacation
▪ He was able to meet up with his October 1885 – March 1886
former classmates in Ateneo and they ➢ Rizal specialized in Ophthalmology in
organized a welcome party at a coffee Europe
house in Plaza de Cataluña ▪ trained and worked under Dr. Louis de
▪ Famous site in Barcelona, The Last Weckert of Paris
Romblas ▪ Dr. Javier Galezowsky and Dr. Otto
➢ He wrote the essay “El Amor Patrio” Becker (1886) – Heidelberg, Germany
(Love for the Country) which was ▪ Dr. R. Schulzer and Dr. Schwiegger
published on August 20, 1882 in Diariong (1887)
Tagalog; Laong Laan was his pen name
Year 1886
November 03, 1882 ➢ Rizal wrote a paper entitled “Tagalische
➢ Rizal moved to Madrid to study Medicine Verkunst” (Tagalog Metrical Art)
and Philosophy and Letters at the ➢ He also translated Schiller’s William Tell
Unibersidad Central de Madrid into Tagalog
(presently the Unibersidad Complutense
de Madrid)
➢ Academia de San Fernando – lessons in
painting and sculpture
March 21, 1887 July 1891
➢ Noli Me Tangere was published with ➢ Rizal completed his second novel, El
financial help of his friend, Maximo Viola, Filibusterismo in Brussels
in Berlin
September 18, 1891
August 08, 1887 ➢ El Filibusterismo was published with the
➢ Rizal went home to Calamba after 5 years help of Rizal’s friend, Valentin Ventura
in Europe ▪ more radical with its narrative
▪ He opened a medical clinic and cured portrayed of a society on the verge of a
the sick revolution compare to Noli Me
▪ He was targeted by the friars who were Tangere
portrayed negatively in his novel Noli
Me Tangere June 26, 1892
➢ Rizal arrived in the Philippines
February 16, 1888
➢ Rizal left the country for the second time July 03, 1892
➢ Rizal established La Liga Filipina – a
November 15, 1890 socio-civic organization
➢ Rizal joined the Masonry and became a
Master Mason at the Lodge Solidaridad July 06, 1892
◦ Masonry – fraternal organization ➢ Rizal was arrested and brought to Fort
which strives for moral betterment Santiago
▪ He was charged with bringing with
Rizal’s Second Trip to Europe him from Hong Kong leaflets entitled
The Propaganda Movement “Pobres Frailes” (Poor Friars), a satire
1. the Philippines to be made a province of against the rich Dominican friars and
Spain so that native Filipinos would have their accumulation of wealth which
equal rights accorded to Spaniards was against their vow of poverty
2. representation of the Philippines in the ▪ Exile in Dapitan in Mindanao despite
Spanish Cortes Rizal’s denial of having those
3. secularization of parishes materials
Fellow ilustrados: Marcelo H. del Pilar,
Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna, Exile in Dapitan
Mariano Ponce, and Trinidad Pardo de July 17, 1892
Tavera ➢ Rizal arrived in Dapitan (now a city
◦ ilustrado – “enlightened ones” or within Zamboanga del Norte)
Filipinos educated in Europe ▪ Dapitan is a remote town in Mindanao
which served as politoco-military
Rizal’s Articles and Essays outpost of the Spaniards in the
➢ Annotation of Antonio de Morga’s Philippines
Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (1890) ▪ headed by Captain Ricardo
➢ Sobre la Indolencia de los Filipinos (On Carnicero – became friends with
the Indolence of the Filipinos) published Rizal during his exile
in 1890 ➢ He practiced medicine, pursued scientific
➢ Filipinas Dentro de Cien Años (The studies, and continued his artistic pursuits
Philippines a Century Hence) published in in sculpture, painting, sketching, and
parts from 1889-1890 writing poetry.
September 21, 1892 ➢ Upon arriving at the fort, Governor-
➢ Rizal won the second price in lottery General Despujol told him that there was
together with Ricardo Carnicero and an order to ship him back to Manila
another Spaniard
▪ 6,200 pesos – a potion was used in November 03, 1896
purchasing land in Talisay, 1km away ➢ Rizal arrived in Manila and was
from Dapitan immediately brought to Fort Santiago
▪ Rizal built his house and a school in
that area Trial and Execution
November 20, 1896
March 14, 1894 ➢ The preliminary investigation of Rizal’s
➢ George Taufer – traveled from Hong case began
Kong to Dapitan for the purpose of seeing ▪ He was accused of being the main
Dr. Rizal organizer of the revolution by having
➢ Josephine Bracken – accompanied Mr. proliferated the ideas of rebellion and
Taufer and eventually fell in love with of founding illegal organizations
Rizal ▪ Colonel Francisco Olive – assigned
judge to summon Rizal, advocate of
RIZAL AND THE KATIPUNAN Spanish Military Tribunal
June 21, 1886 ▪ Lieutenant Luis Taviel de Andrade –
➢ Pio Valenzuela visited Rizal in Dapitan to Rizal’s lawyer
inform him about the planned revolution
of the Katipunan December 26, 1896
▪ Venus – steamer Valenzuela boarded to ➢ Rizal’s trial ended. He was found guilty
reach Dapitan and sentenced to death by firing squad
▪ Raymundo Mata – blind man that
came with Valenzuela to camouflage December 28, 1896
his mission ➢ Governor General Camilo de Polavieja
signed the court decision: Rizal will be
AS A VOLUNTARY MILITARY DOCTOR executed by firing squad at 7:00am of
➢ Rizal wrote letters to Governor-General December 30
Ramon Blanco offering his services as a
military doctor; twice (in 1894 and 1895) December 29, 1896
▪ He said that if his request would not be ➢ Rizal’s mother and sisters visited him and
granted, he would volunteer to serve he gave away his remaining possessions
the Spanish army fighting the Cuban ▪ Mi Ultimo Adios – Rizal’s longest
revolution poem about his farewell to the Filipino
people
July 30, 1896 ▪ The copy of his poetic tribute was
➢ Rizal’s request to go to Cuba was inside the gas lamp which he gave to
approved his sister Trinidad
➢ His four-year exile has ended
➢ He left the next day for Manila on board December 30, 1896
the steamer España ➢ 6:30 in the morning, Rizal walked to
Bagumbayan with his arms tied to his
September 03, 1896 back
➢ Rizal boarded the steamer Isla de Panay, ➢ “Consummatum est!” (“It is finished!”) -
which would bring him to Barcelona Dr. Jose Rizal’s last words