This document discusses GNSS surveying. [1] GNSS refers to Global Navigation Satellite Systems which use satellites in medium earth orbit that circle the globe every 11 hours and 58 minutes to determine positions. [2] GNSS surveying involves determining the range to at least three satellites to calculate the user's position using trilateration. [3] Sources of error must be reduced, including measurement errors in determining the propagation time from when the signal left the satellite to when it reached the receiver.
This document discusses GNSS surveying. [1] GNSS refers to Global Navigation Satellite Systems which use satellites in medium earth orbit that circle the globe every 11 hours and 58 minutes to determine positions. [2] GNSS surveying involves determining the range to at least three satellites to calculate the user's position using trilateration. [3] Sources of error must be reduced, including measurement errors in determining the propagation time from when the signal left the satellite to when it reached the receiver.
This document discusses GNSS surveying. [1] GNSS refers to Global Navigation Satellite Systems which use satellites in medium earth orbit that circle the globe every 11 hours and 58 minutes to determine positions. [2] GNSS surveying involves determining the range to at least three satellites to calculate the user's position using trilateration. [3] Sources of error must be reduced, including measurement errors in determining the propagation time from when the signal left the satellite to when it reached the receiver.
This document discusses GNSS surveying. [1] GNSS refers to Global Navigation Satellite Systems which use satellites in medium earth orbit that circle the globe every 11 hours and 58 minutes to determine positions. [2] GNSS surveying involves determining the range to at least three satellites to calculate the user's position using trilateration. [3] Sources of error must be reduced, including measurement errors in determining the propagation time from when the signal left the satellite to when it reached the receiver.
INTRODUCTION The GNSS is the abbreviation of Global Navigation Satellite System which orbits the earth at a medium orbit altitude once every 11 hours, 58 minutes, and 2 seconds. Each satellite sends out coded signals with information about its precise orbit and an extremely reliable time stamp from an atomic clock.
ABOUT GNSS SURVEYING
Each navigation system comprised three different segment:
SPACE CONTROL USER
SEGMENT SEGMENT SEGMENT It consists of satellite Refers to the equipment that fly in accurate Comprise a network of that processes the orbits around the earth. monitor, control, and received GNSS signals For example, a upload stations to to derive the location constellation of 31 ensure health satellites. and time information satellites that fly at The primer components altitudes of roughly of the user segment are 2000km above the antennas and receiver earth's surface. (processing units).
HOW DOES gnss WORKs?
The main process in GNSS is Trilateration that combine three satellites which are in orbital position with calculated range of radius.
Firstly, to obtain the accurate user's position (X, Y, Z) and time, the length of the direct path from the satellite to the user equipment (range) need to be determined. To obtain the range, the signal's travel time or propagation time need to be determined.
Propagation Time = Time Signal Reached Receiver - Time Signal Left Satellite Distance to the satellite (the range) = Propagation Time x Speed of Light
a The range to The distance of satellite A and its satellite B is positions are determined, the determined, the position of the position of the user b user located at the are within a sphere intersection of the with its center at two spheres. With the satellite location the distance of and a radius equals satellite C, the the range. c user's location is determined
To obtain the exact position or at least a highly accurate position, it is
required to reduce the error sources. The measurement errors include:
SOURCES "Tutorial on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS): Positioning, Navigation and more!" TRYAT YOUTUBE CHANNEL "How does GPS system work?" Techi Tube YOUTUBE CHANNEL "What is GNSS and how does it work?" Geospatial World YOUTUBE CHANNEL
