GOVT.

COLLEGE OF NURSING
JAIPUR
PRESENTATION
ON
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,
TELE-MEDICINE & TELE-NURSING
SUBJECT:- COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

SUBMITTED TO- SUBMITTED BY-

MR.ANIL CHAUHAN MR. LOKESH KUMAR MEENA
Lecturer GCON M.SC (N) PREVIOUS
JAIPUR
SUBMISSION ON

SIGNATURE:-
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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  Information technology is a contemporary term that
describes the combination of computer technology
(hardware and software) with telecommunications
technology (data, image, and voice networks).

COMPUTER USERS

SOFTWARE IST PROCESSES

IST

NETWORK DATA

 In some companies, this is referred to as Management

Information Services (or MIS) or simply as Information
Services (or IS). These innovations enable the processing
and storage of enormous amounts of information, along
with rapid distribution of information through
communication networks
 IT has enabled the globalisation of the economy and
competition, and caused large-scale changes in many
industries
 IT is also bringing a major shift in the job market; resulting
in a more polarised occupational structure, consisting of
highly skilled=well paid jobs lower skilled=low wages 3

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Communication: Basic need for most human activities

Tarditional- telephone, fax, mail...

In the new information are- e-mail, internet, video
conferencing

Computer Use
The purpose of a computer is to process data into
information
 Data consist of the raw facts and figures that are
processed into information
 Information is data that has been summarized or
otherwise manipulated for use in desicion making
Hardware and Software
 Hardware consist of all the machinery and equipment in a
computer system
 Software , or programs , consist of all the electronic
instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task 6

Hardware and software revolution

 The diminishing cost of personal computers has put
computing power within the reach of even the smallest
contractors.
 Rapidly developing hardware performance, coupled with
the development of storage drives with very large
volumes, modems, scanners, and back up devices has
made the computer suitable for storage and distribution of
drawings and other data in electronic format.

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  The evolution of servers, network cards, modems and
routers have linked computers together providing a forum
for community collaboration.

Internet
The value of the Internet to construction companies
derives from its ability to easily connect globally to a vast
amount of data, which would otherwise have taken more time
and money to organise. By exploiting the resources of the
Internet construction companies can gain the following benefits.
 Acceleration in the distribution of knowledge
resources within and out with the company
 Promotion and marketing for the company
On-line services: The rapid development of the Internet and
the World Wide Web has enabled many services that
traditionally required face to face meetings to be delivered on-
line.
Internet distance learning: opportunities of university
education, widening access to higher education (delivering
teaching and learning to people who cannot attend lectures)-
increases a country’s competitiveness in a global market.
E-business: Internet provides a virtual market place for
buyers, suppliers, distributors and sellers to exchange
information, negotiate and trade
Teleworking: Flexibility in working conditions, less office
space, more productive workers.
How is information technology being used in
education?
 E-mail

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  Distance learning
How are computers being used in health and
medicine?
 Telemedicine
 Robots
How will computers affect my financial matters?
 Virtual money
 Micro-Credits

History and Development of Information Technology

In the 1960s and 1970s, the term information technology (IT)
was a little known phrase that was used by those who worked
in places like banks and hospitals to store information. With the
paradigm shift to computing technology and "paperless"
workplaces, information technology has come to be a
household phrase. It defines an industry that uses computers,
networking, software programming, and other equipment and
processes to store, process, transmit, and protect information.

Software development and computer programming

were best left to the computer scientists and mathematical
engineers, due to their complicated nature. As time passed and
technology advanced, such as with the advent of the personal
computer in the 1980s and its everyday use in the home and
the workplace, the world moved into the information age.
Modern Technology
By the early 21st century, nearly every child in the
Western world, and many in other parts of the world, knew how
to use a personal computer. Businesses' information

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technology departments have gone from using storage tapes
created by a single computer operator to interconnected
networks of employee workstations that store information in a
server farm, often somewhere away from the main business
site.

Technology facilitate our life

Technology and information may be regarded as two
things are mutually binding. Both support functions that are
fairly similar. Advances in technology are always facilitate the
delivery of information. The rate information from one country
can spread rapidly to other countries, even to all countries,
through increasingly sophisticated technology.
Advances in information technology provide enormous
benefit in human survival. Information technology can provide
facilities in various aspects of life. One area of life that has a
close relationship with the use of information technology is the
world of work.

Impact of Advanced Information Technology

Advances in information technology is to be grateful and
appreciated as a remarkable achievement. Therefore, we must
take advantage of advances in information technology is to do
positive things.
Why is that?
In fact, advances in information technology not only provides
a positive effect. Many also brought along the negative impact
of information technology advances.

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Here's a positive impact of information technology
development.
 Make it easier for companies or individual business
transaction-based information technology or so-called E-
Commerce.
 Simplify access to information needed for various
purposes. 16
Besides positive impacts, advances in information
technology have a negative effect.
 The rapid advancement in information technology, internet
and other media, facilitate the entry of banned sites and
violence.
 Ease of transactions via the Internet will provide
opportunities to perform transacts forbidden, such as drug
and contraband transactions.

The Role of IT
 It is accepted that telecommunication is a basic
infrastructure necessary for economic and social
development of a country.
 This is even becoming more strong than ever as
information related economic activities are growing.
 Information and communications technology may be
described as the support of the central nervous system of
complex societies, transmitting and processing information
and commands among the various parts of such societies.
 Internet plays a fundamental function in IT role

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Benefits from IT
Information and communications technology carries on
high promise both in human and economic terms.
Benefits could be obtained in:
 Education
 Job training
 Health care
 Food security
 Environment management
 Government efficiency

IT is useful in all areas

Many tourism businesses are involved in developing
their internet services including traditional travel agents , tour
operators , national tourist offices, airlines , hotels and other
accommodation providers and car hire firms.

TELEMEDICINE AND TELE NURSING

DEFINITION OF TELEMEDICINE:-

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 Telemedicine is defined as the use of tele
communications, the deliver health care expert sharing
of medical knowledge with persons are distance
locations.
It is transfer of medical data for
• Consultations
• Diagnosis
• Support for Clinical Case
• Containing Medical Educations

Medical Data Such as

 High resolution photography
 Radiological images
 Sound and Patient records
 Electronic signals via the internet
 Intranet
 Personal Computers (PLS)
 Telephone Lines

HISTORY OF TELEMEDICINE
 University of Nebrastea did first documented use of
visual telecommunication in health care in 1959.
 Under first telemedicine program in December
1988, the site of massive earthquake in Armenia
was linked to medical centers in United States for
telemedicine consultations.

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  The program was extended to Russia to provide
telemedicine consultation to burn victims after a
terrible train accident.
 First internet based telemedicine trials wall
conducted in April 1955 when a Chinese studies
zee Ling who was studying in Beijing University fell
sick and her condition

HISTORY OF TELEMEDICINE
 1.Telegraphy andTelegraphy and telephony
wastelephony was establishedestablished 1920s
 2.Wireless / RadioWireless / Radio 1950s
 3.TV 1960s
 4.Computer and InternetComputer and Internet
1990/2000

TELEMEDICINE APPLICATIONS
 Emergency Health Care
 Video Consulting
 Telecardiology
 Telemedicine as applied by cardiologis is called
telecardiology.
 Telepathology
 Teledermatology
 Teleophthamology
 Teleoncology

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  Telepsychiatry
 Teledentistry
 Distance Leaning
 Medical education and the transfer of medical data.
 Medical care delivery, diagnosis, consultation and
treatment at a distance.
 Nursing homes or retirement centers.
 Home monitoring for patients
 Health care in the after of disasters.

MAJOR TELEMEDICINE PROJECTS

1.Staphac Nasa Arisona, USA
2.Space Pridge Nasa Armenia
3.North-West Australia Queen Sland
Telemedicine Project
4.Primetine III USA FinesUSA Boghia
5.Telemedicine Malasia Malasia
Flagship Project
6.Appollo Apollo Hospitals India
Telemedicine Project

TELE CONSULTATION
 A doctor of a paramedic or even a patient himself in
remote area can have a consultation with a
specialist.

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  This requires certain procedures to be followed the
person initiating the requires needs to be trained
and more importantly the complete process needs
to be documented for the patients and the doctors
record.
 Tele consultation also involves a family doctors
seeking help of specialist in an
TELE EDUCATION
 The use of telemedicine technologies makes if
much better than just surfing websites for
information.
 Doctors can attend clinical meetings as remote
places and also participate and present cases in
them. Some projects such as health net project of
Africa uses both internet and satellite
communications for doctors in remote area.
 If this is dealt using telemedicine the approach is
real time, the referring doctor knows how the
specialist is dealing with the patient and thus further
his knowledge.
 Tele consultation, video conferencing on surgery,
online clinical audit and containing medical
education are just some of the education
applications of tele education.
TELE MONITORING

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  Tele monitoring is the remote monitoring of patient
data. The patients status can be monitored.
 Wherever he is whether in an aircraft or in remote
village as long he has a telephone access.
 The data includes, blood pressure, pulse, ECG,
spirometry, ultrosound, CT scan and other radiology
data.
 These can be transmitted using telephone lines or
through wireless with the use of appropriate devices
that can transmit these data over phone.
 These devices are commercially available and can

BENEFITS OF TELEMEDICINE
 Resource utilization
 Early intervention
 Avoids unnecessary transportation
 Community based care
 Medical education and research
 Cost saving
 Improved patient documentation
 Increased range of care and education.
 RESOURCE UTILIZATION
 First benefit of telemedicine is proper utilization of
resources.

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  In India doctor population ratio is 1:15000 in
comparison to 1:500 in developed nations, and
these doctors are not distributed equally.
 80% Indian population lives in rural and semi urban
areas. 
 Telemedicine can help in cost effective utilization of
meager resources and of the same time can
decrease patient work load on few referral centers.

EARLY INTERVENTION
 One of the most effective means of providing
medical intervention is by early detection and
treatment.
 There are factors that inhibit the continuity of care.
Issues such as geographic location, inclement
weather, socioeconomic barriers.
 Patient apathy are significant factors that delay and
even prevent the specialty care.
 By providing these primary cure sites with the ability
to quickly access specialty consultation services.
 Patients are able to reap the benefits of early
intervention while the health care system maintains
quality service and clinical efficiency.

AVOIDS UNNECESSARY TRANSPORTATION

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  Local health provides discusses case of a patient
on phone with a specialist and it specialist is not
getting clear picture.
 After few questions he will able to send the patient
but if by video conferencing he has clear picture of
patient.
 Unnecessary referral and patient transport can be
definitely avoided.

Which Data Can be Transferred

 Basically four types of data are used in
telemedicine. - Text for patient notes, generally
having a file of less than 10 KB. - Audio – electronic
stethoscope, with file size of around 10 KB. - Still
image X-rays which are still images having a size of
around 1 MB. - Video movie – ultrasound / patient
visualization – movie images have a size of 10 MB
or more the patient can be seen by a doctor at a
remote place using cameras.
COMMUNITY BASED CARE
 Community based care is another big advantage of
telemedicine.
 People like to receive high quality care in their local
community.
 This reduces travel time and related stresses
associate with many referrals.

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MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
 Telemedicine is also useful in medical education.
 When medical students are posted in rural area
they can be linked to medical college for grand
rounds and they can also do case presentation to
teachers in medical colleges.
 In India Indira Gandhi National Open University
(IGNOU) carries out regular monthly session of
teaching of its diploma in maternal and child health
(PGDMCH) students.
 Physicians living in different parts of the world also
use telemedicine in collaborative research, they can
also share data or can discuses current trends.

TELEMEDICINE CONCEPTS
 A video image has a rate of motion known as the
frame rate.
 This standard video like the one seen of the
television has a frame rate of 30 frames per second.
 This 30 frames per second rate is required so
human eyes does not perceive any gaps in
information.
 In video conferencing there is limitation or restriction
on the amount of information that can be
transmitted through digital lines.

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  This limitation on amount of information that can

TELEMEDICINE DEVICES
(A) Video Conferencing System
 Roll about systems
 Set top systems
 Desk top system
(B) Peripheral Devices
 Medicals Peripherals
 Non-medical peripherals.
LIMITATIONS TO SPREAD OF TELEMEDICINE
 Poor patient – Doctor Relationships
 Patient Acceptance
 Fear of Technology
 Low Rates of Utilization
 Infrastructure
BARRIERS TO TELEMEDICINE
 There are still several barriers to the practice of
telemedicine. Many countries will not allow but of
country physicians to practice unless licensed in the
country.
 Many rural areas still do not have cable wiring or
other kinds of high bunel width telecommunications
access required for more sophisticated uses.
FUTURE OF TELEMEDICINE

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  Many medical centers in India are now successfully
running, telemedicine – projects and video
conference.
 Future of telemedicine in India is definitely bright-
with availability of internet every where, with new
information's technology policies and with improving
telecommunication network use of telemedicine is
going to increase.
INDIAN SCENARIO OF TELEMEDICINE
 Now with the availability of internet connection in
most cities of India interest in telemedicine is
increasing day by day but still major draw back in
India is that communication network is not suitable
for most telemedicine applications.
 ISDN lines are not available in most of the places in
India, which is basic requirement for video
conferencing.
 Video conferencing technology will be limited to
some big cities and telemedicine technology that
will be used in most of the parts of India will be
store and forward technology.
 It will be like sending radiological images, patients
records, sounds through e-mail or modern and
getting opinion of experts.

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  Many medical centers in India are now successfully
running telemedicine projects using video-
conferencing.
 India is an ideal place to use this technology as
80% population in India lives in villages where
treatment is provided by queen and unqualified
medical practitioners.

DEFINITION OF TELENURSING

Telenursing is a subset of tele health in which the focus

is an nursing practice via telecommunication.
-By American Nurses Association
Tele nursing is defined as the practice of nursing using
protocols through telecommunication technology.
- Arkansas Staff Board of Nursing

THE PRACTICE OF TELEPHONE NURSING

 Standards and Quality Center is Telephone
Nursing.
 Competencies Required in Telephone Nursing 
High Quality Practice Settings.
 Decision Support Systems
 Using Nursing Titles applies to telephone nursing
practice.

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  Designated Agent
 LUNS and Telephone Nursing
GUIDELINES FOR TELENURSING
 Nurses and midwives practising in telenursing shall
be registered nurses or midwives. Enrolled nurses
involved by telenursing need to be under the
supervision of registered nurse or midwife.
 Nurses and midwives practising telenursing are
personally responsible for ensuring that their
nursing and or midwifery skills and expertise remain
current for their practise.
 Nurses and midwives who are practises telenursing
in Australia are effected to practice with is the frame
work of the ANMC National Competences
standards of the midwife the ANMC code of
professional conducts for nurses in Australia, code
of ethics for nurses in Australia and other relevant
professional standards.
 Nurses and midwives should inform consumers of
the telehealth process including other
persons/professionals who may be participations or
presence is the telehealth consultations and urban
consent before proceeding.
 Nurses are midwives in televisions have a duty to
provide privacy and confidentiality in all interactions.

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  Nurses and midwives practises in telenursing
should be aware of both the evidence base for their
practise and the areas or practice is need or
research.
 Nurses and midwives practising telenursing should
engage in evaluation of their practise in relations to
issue of quality safety and patient outcomes.
ISSUES IN TELENURSING
 Models of Case
 Privatizations
 Work line fro nursing staff
 Patient safety
 Cross Border License Issues
CLINICAL FUNCTIONS OF THE TELEHEALTH
NURSES
 Telehelath nurses are monitoring patients with
chronic diseases.
 Helping patterns manage their symptoms and co-
ordinations care of patients who require service
from homeruns health professionals.

BENEFITS OF TELENURSING
 When patient stand seeing of their own day, they
stand connecting the data above their processes.

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  Managing their disease better reduce their
utilization of acute case services such as
emergency department visits and hospitalization.
 Saving time achievable because driving time to
reach patient residence by significantly reduced.
 Nurses are able to spend more time on direct
patient care.
Telehealth Nurses Provide Nursing Care by
 Using Clinical Algorithms, Protocols, or Guidelines
to Systematically Assess Patient Needs and
Symptoms.
 Prioritizing the urgency of patients needs.
 Collaborating and developing a plan or care with the
patient and supportive, disciplines which may
include recommendation for cure, call back
educations.
 Evaluation outcomes.

References

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