EE137 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

AND SUBSTATION DESIGN

TOPIC NO. 4 DISTRIBUTION

TRANSFORMER APPLICATION &
LOAD MANAGEMENT
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER
have a significant place in various industrial and
domestic sectors. They are the main source of
perfect voltage power supply to different types of
electric and electronic equipment. It’s quite
essential to know the uses and applications of
distribution transformers to choose the right one
for the desired demands.

Medium voltage transformers

Largely reduce non-load losses by adopting amorphous

or high quality silicon steel core, LV winding has stronger
resistance to short circuit, Low noise solution
Distribution Transformers and their Uses
Distribution transformers are the transformers that distribute or
transfer the electricity to various end-use power applications.
They are especially step-down transformers – they decrease the
voltage levels down to the essential levels based on the
application.

So, they are designed in such a way that the coils in the primary
end are more than that at the secondary end. For any device to
operate effectively, the electrical energy must pass through the
distribution transformers.

Single Phase Pole mounted transformers

Applications of Distribution Transformers
Distribution transformers have many important applications in the residential,
commercial, and industrial sectors.

Industries

Different types of industries use different types of electric machinery that require
discrete voltage levels. The power generated from power plants is at high levels
and to enable the sufficient voltage supply to the industrial machinery, three-
phase distribution transformers are used.

Based on the loads or equipment used in the specific industry, the capacity of the
distribution transformer should be selected to ensure adequate power voltage. Pad mounted transformer

easily adapt to the grid, easy

Many eminent distribution transformer manufacturers design different models of connection proess, Designed and
manufactured bespoke with top or
transformers suitable for textile industries, light industries, automobile industries, side connections
chemical industries, food processing industries, etc. They assure voltage
regulation for various applications like fabric seeming machinery applications,
heat treatment systems, electronics systems, CNC lathes, engine crankers, ground
power support systems, and so on.
Educational Institutions

Educational institutions including schools, colleges,

and other universities need computers, lab
equipment, and other such facilities. Moreover, other
sophisticated infrastructures like lighting, air-
conditioning ventilation means, elevators are
common.

Therefore, specific distribution transformers are

necessary to supply voltage to reach the needs of all
such appliances. It’s important to maintain safety at
such institutes – even the equipment and students’
safety is crucial.
Oil immersed transformer

Energy saving, easily adapt to the grid, easy

connection process, liquid immersed transformer are
copper winding,loss noise solution
Power Plant Applications
As the voltage at the power generation stations should
be maintained for various applications, distribution
transformers are used. They are useful for industrial
power generation, mechanical drive solutions, oil and
gas applications, and utility power generation. Several
distributed energy solutions are also feasible with
efficient and customized distribution transformers.

Oil Immersed Power Transformers

Use vegetable oil is that it is not flammable, reducing the risk of

fire
Distribution Substations

Distribution transformers decrease the voltage levels at the

substations to transmit the ample power voltage.

Customized sizes, capacities, and models are to be designed to

reach rural and urban power distribution applications. Such
units are made with capacities of 25kVA, 63kVA, 100kVA, and
up to 2500 kVA.

However, to avoid unnecessary transformer losses, it’s essential

to manufacture them with proper and standard raw-materials
Special Distribution Transformers
like copper. Also, outstanding manufacturing processes have to Cold-rolled grain-oriented metal sheets , step-lap
be followed to increase reliability, save costs, increase kVA core design Coating of tank and cover based on
hydro-coating material by flooding or dipping
capacity, etc. method
Solar and Wind Applications

Renewable power sources have great significance

nowadays. Electricity generation from solar and wind
power plants need large-sized units to step-down the
voltage to enable distribution.

Solar and wind applications, especially, are prevailing

today that need different capacities of distribution
transformers. Solar dryers, thermostats, lighting, solar air
conditioning and other such solar energy-based
applications cherish substantial power voltage and this can
be attained by simple and compact distribution
Hermetically Sealed Transformer
transformer units.
The transformer adopts vacuum oiling, which can
completely eliminate bubbles in the coil and ensure
Windmills have a significant role in power generation – stable insulation performance
characteristic models of distribution transformers with
higher efficiency and reliability are manufactured by the
best power and electrical transformer manufacturers.
Commercial Complexes
Commercial complexes including shopping malls, movie theatres,
clubs, restaurants, hotels, multiplexes, etc. need varied sizes of
distribution transformers to adequately allow power voltage to
elevators, video and audio players, electric and electronic
machinery, and other appliances.

Residential Houses and Villas

House-hold power-based appliances work appropriately with the
effective voltage-transfer by distribution transformers. Gated
communities, apartments, villas, and other such residential
housing colonies need such transformers. Based on the
appliances or load capacities, the capacity of the distribution
transformers is designed and arranged in appropriate positions to
ensure better power transfer.
 LOAD MANAGEMENT
DEFINITION:
Load management, also known as demand-side management (DSM), is the process of balancing the supply of
electricity on the network with the electrical load by adjusting or controlling the load rather than the power
station output.

CONTROL:
This can be achieved by direct intervention of the utility in real time, by the use of frequency sensitive relays
triggering the circuit breakers (ripple control), by time clocks, or by using special tariffs to influence consumer
behavior.

ADVANTAGES:
• Load management allows utilities to reduce demand for electricity during peak usage times (peak shaving),
which can, in turn, reduce costs by eliminating the need for peaking power plants. In addition, some peaking
power plants can take more than an hour to bring on-line which makes load management even more critical
should a plant go off-line unexpectedly for example.

• Load management can also help reduce harmful emissions, since peaking plants or backup generators are
often dirtier and less efficient than base load power plants.