Polyphase Transformers and Rotating AC Machines Course Code: 3340901

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, AHMEDABAD, GUJARAT

COURSE CURRICULUM
COURSE TITLE: POLYPHASE TRANSFORMERS AND ROTATING AC
MACHINES
(Code: 3340901)

Diploma Programme in which this course is offered Semester in which offered

Electrical Engineering 4th Semester

1. RATIONALE
Polyphase (mainly 3 phase) transformers are widely employed in power grids and
transmissions lines starting from generating station till the consumer end. Every generating
station uses alternators for electricity generation. Induction motors and Synchronous motors
are widely used in industries, farms and domestic applications. It is therefore must for
electrical engineers to posses knowledge and skills required to operate and maintain 3 phase
transformers, induction motors, synchronous motors and alternators. This course attempts to
develop these skills into the students.

2. COMPETENCY
The course content should be taught and implemented with the aim to develop different types
of skills so that students are able to acquire following competency:
 Operate and Maintain transformers and rotating AC machines.

3. COURSE OUTCOMES
The theory should be taught and practical should be carried out in such a manner that students
are able to acquire different learning outcomes in cognitive, psychomotor and affective
domain to demonstrate following course outcomes.
i. Conduct various routine tests on 3 phase transformer.
ii. Operate 3- phase transformers in parallel.
iii. Select a 3- phase or 1- phase induction motor for a given application.
iv. Synchronize an alternator with bus bar or another alternator.
v. Use Synchronous machines for power factor improvement.
vi. Maintain rotating AC machines.

4. TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME

Teaching Scheme Total Examination Scheme

(In Hours) Credits Theory Marks Practical Total
(L+T+P) Marks Marks
L T P C ESE PA ESE PA
4 0 4 8 70 30 40 60 200
Legends: L-Lecture; T – Tutorial/Teacher Guided Theory Practice; P - Practical; C – Credit, ESE - End Semester Examination; PA -
Progressive Assessment

GTU/ NITTTR Bhopal/13-14 Gujarat State

Polyphase Transformers and Rotating AC Machines Course Code: 3340901

5. COURSE DETAILS
Unit Major Learning Outcomes Topics and Sub-topics
(in cognitive domain)

Unit – I. 1a. Justify the advantage of using 3- 1.1 Comparison of three phase transformer
Poly Phase phase transformer over a bank of 3 with bank of three single phase
Transformer single phase transformers transformers.
1b. With sketches explain the major parts 1.2 Arrangement of Core and windings in
of the 3-phase transformer transformer, use of tap changer. Types
1c. Sketch the different types of of losses in transformers.
connections of 3-phase transformer 1.3 Construction - Accessories of 3 phase
including vector groups transformer: Main tank, bushings,
1d. With sketches the describe the need of conservator with breather, oil level
parallel operation of 3 phase gauge, radiators, buchholz relay,
transformers . explosion vent, temperature indicators,
1e. State the maintenance procedure and junction box
the transformer oil change process 1.4 Star delta connections and vector
groups
1.5 Cooling of transformer: Natural
cooling, Forced cooling
1.6 Parallel operation – Essential and
desirable Conditions
1.7 Maintenance of different types of
transformers
Unit– II 2a. Explain how a rotational field is 2.1 Construction, types - Squirrel cage -
Poly Phase produced in a 3 phase induction motor. Single and double cage, Wound rotor
Induction 2b. Differentiate between squirrel cage 2.2 Working principle with Torque-slip
Motors and wound rotor induction motor with curve, equivalent circuit and phasor
their salient features. diagram
2c. Explain the torque slip characteristics 2.3 Torque equation , Starting, running
of squirrel cage and wound rotor and condition for the maximum
induction motor including the torque
generation operation. 2.4 Necessary and types of starters- DOL,
2d. Explain various methods of speed Star delta, autotransformer type and
control of 3 phase induction motor. rotor resistance starter.
2e. State the maintenance procedure of 2.5 No load test and Blocked rotor test,
both squirrel cage and wound rotor Losses and efficiency
2.6 Speed control of squirrel cage and
induction motor
slip-ring inductionmotor
2.7 Maintenance of different types of
induction motors
Unit– III 3a. Explain the working principle of an 3.1 Principle of working and construction.-
Alternator alternator Salient and Cylindrical rotor
3b. Differentiate between turbo 3.2 Equivalent circuit and phasor diagram
generator and hydrogenerators 3.3 Voltage regulation by synchronous
impedance method, OC, SC
3c. Derive emf equation
characteristics
3d. Determine the voltage regulation 3.4 Synchronization of alternator with bus
of an alternator by synchronous bar/alternator
impedance method 3.5 Cooling system of alternator
3e. Synchronize an alternator with 3.6 Maintenance of different types of
infinite bus bar. alternators
3f. State the maintenance requirements
of the alternators including the
different cooling systems of the
alternators

GTU/ NITTTR Bhopal/13-14 Gujarat State

Polyphase Transformers and Rotating AC Machines Course Code: 3340901

Unit Major Learning Outcomes Topics and Sub-topics

(in cognitive domain)

Unit–IV 4a. Connect and operate synchronous 4.1 Principle of working, starting methods
Synchronous motor using proper starting method 4.2 Equivalent circuit and phasor diagram
Motor 4b. Improve the power factor of the 4.3 Effect of change in excitation ‘V’-
system using synchronous curves
4.4 Synchronous condenser
condenser
4.5 Hunting and its prevention
4c. State the maintenance requirements
4.6 Different torque of a synchronous
of the synchronous motor motor
4d. Differentiate the features between the 4.7 Maintenance of synchronous motors
synchronous and induction motor
Unit-V 5a. Describe the working principle of 5.1 Working of different types of single-
Single Phase different types of single phase phase induction motors
Induction motors. 5.2 Fractional horse power motors
Motors 5b. Describe the working principle of 5.3 Speed torque characteristics
5.4 Maintenance of different types of
different types of fractional horse
single phase motors
power motors
5c. Troubleshoot single phase
induction motor in a ceiling fan/
cooler
5d. State the maintenance requirements
of the single phase induction motor

6. SUGGESTED SPECIFICATION TABLE WITH HOURS AND MARKS (THEORY)

Unit Unit Title Teaching Distribution of Theory Marks
No. Hours R U A Total
Level Level Level Marks
I Polyphase Transformer 10 04 04 04 12
II Polyphase Indcution Motors 16 08 06 04 18
III Alternator 12 06 05 05 16
IV Synchronous Motor 10 04 06 04 14
V Single Phase Induction Motors 8 02 02 06 10
Total 56 24 23 23 70
Legends: R = Remember U = Understand; A = Apply and above levels (Bloom’s revised taxonomy)
Note: This specification table shall be treated as a general guideline for students and teachers. The actual
distribution of marks in the question paper may vary slightly from above table.

7. SUGGESTED LIST OF EXERCISES/PRACTICALS

The practical/exercises should be properly designed and implemented with an attempt to
develop different types of skills (outcomes in psychomotor and affective domain) so that
students are able to acquire the competencies/programme outcomes. Following is the list of
practical exercises for guidance.
Note: Here only outcomes in psychomotor domain are listed as practical/exercises. However,
if these practical/exercises are completed appropriately, they would also lead to development
of certain outcomes in affective domain which would in turn lead to development of Course
Outcomes related to affective domain. Thus over all development of Programme Outcomes
(as given in a common list at the beginning of curriculum document for this programme)
would be assured.
Faculty should refer to that common list and should ensure that students also acquire
outcomes in affective domain which are required for overall achievement of Programme
Outcomes/Course Outcomes.

GTU/ NITTTR Bhopal/13-14 Gujarat State

Polyphase Transformers and Rotating AC Machines Course Code: 3340901

Practical Exercises Approx

Unit
S. No. (outcomes in Psychomotor Domain) Hours.
No.
required
I Identify various accessories of three phase transformer by
1 visiting to nearby substation and draw its sketch with 4
cooling arrangement .
2 I Perform parallel operation on three phase transformer. 4
II Measure the slip of 3-phase Induction motor by using
3 4
Tachometer and by Stroboscopic method.
4 II Reverse the direction of rotation of a 3-phase IM. 2
II Perform direct load test on three phase induction motor and draw
5 4
performance curves
II Perform no load and blocked rotor test on a three phase induction
6 motor to obtain various parameters. Also construct circle 4
diagram to determine its performance characteristics.
II Make connections of DOL starter / star-delta starter / auto
7 transformer / rotor rheostat starter for appropriate three phase 8
induction motor.
II Perform speed control of squirrel cage induction motor by:
8 1. By changing the supply voltage. 2
2. By changing the applied frequency.
II Perform speed control of slip-ring induction motor by:
1. Rotor rheostat control.
9 4
2. Injecting an emf from rotor side.
3. operating two motors in cascade connection.
III Perform direct loading test on alternator to find out voltage
10 4
regulation
III Find out voltage regulation of alternator by synchronous
11 4
impedance method for Unity, lagging and leading power factor.
III Find out voltage regulation of alternator by ampere turn method
12 4
for Unity, lagging and leading power factor.
13 III Synchronize a given alternator with bus bar. 2
IV Construct V-curves of synchronous motor at different load
14 2
conditions to see the effect of variation of excitation
V Test the circuit of capacitor start capacitor run single phase
15 2
induction motor used in a ceiling fan
V Perform No load test on single phase induction motor to
16 2
determine the friction and windage loss
Total Hours 56

8. SUGGESTED LIST OF STUDENT ACTIVITIES

Following is the list of proposed student activities such as:
i. Prepare journals based on practical performed in laboratory.
ii. Assignments on solving numericals
iii. Prepare chart displaying various accessories of three phase transformer
iv. Prepare/Download a dynamic animation to illustrate the following:
• Working principle of 3 phase induction motor
• Working principle of 3 phase alternator
• Working of different types of 3 phase induction motor starters
v. Carry out a market survey of local dealers for 1-phase Induction motor and compare
them on following points:
(a) Rating (b) Method of starting (c) Cost (d) Starting torque and (e) Performance

GTU/ NITTTR Bhopal/13-14 Gujarat State

Polyphase Transformers and Rotating AC Machines Course Code: 3340901

vi. Download the catalogue of three phase transformer, three phase induction motor,
synchronous motor and alternator from websites of reputed manufacturers such as
BHEL, SIMENS, CROMPTON, JYOTI, ABB, VOLTAS etc. to learn the latest
developments
9. SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES (if any)
(i) Arrange visit to nearby transformer and induction motor manufacturer/testing
facilities
(ii) Show video/animation films to explain functioning of induction
motor/synchronous machines/transformers and their accessories.

10. SUGGESTED LEARNING RESOURCES

A) List of Books

S.
Title of Book Author Publication
No.
1. Electrical Technology Vol. II B. L. Theraja S Chand and Co., New Delhi
2. Electrical Machines Smarajit Ghosh Pearson Learning, New Delhi
Electrical Machinery A.E.Fitzgerald, Charles Mc. Graw Hill, New Delhi
3. Kingsley, Jr., Stephen D.
Umans
Theory and performance of J.B.Gupta S.K. Kataria and sons, New
4.
Electrical Machines Delhi
Electrical Machines Ashfaq Hussain Dhanpat Rai and Company,
5.
New Delhi

B) List of Major Equipment/ Instrument with Broad Specifications

i. Three phase transformer 2KVA, 415V /415V, 50 Hz, 2.8A
ii. Three phase induction motor 5 HP, 440V, 8.0A, 1400 RPM Squirrel cage type
with brake drum arrgangement
iii. Three phase induction motor 5 HP, 440V, 8.0A, 1400 RPM Slip-ring induction
motor
iv. Synchronous motor 3 HP, 415V, 3-phase, 50Hz, 1500 RPM
v. DC shunt motor-Alternator 5HP,220V, 1500 RPM, 18A, Excitation- 220V DC
set :
vi. DC shunt motor Alternator 3KVA,415V, 3-phase,3.5A, 1500RPM, Excitation-
220V DC
vii. Single phase induction motor 1 HP, 220 V, 50Hz, 1440 RPM Drum brake with
spring balances

C) List of Software/Learning Websites

i. www.sskphdmm.com
ii. www.nptel.iitm.ac.in

11. COURSE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE

Faculty Members from Polytechnics
 Prof. H.C. Chawda, Lecturer in Electrical Engineering, RC Technical Institute,
Ahmedabad.
 Prof. R.D. Panchal, Lecturer in Electrical Engineering, RC Technical Institute,
Ahmedabad

GTU/ NITTTR Bhopal/13-14 Gujarat State

Polyphase Transformers and Rotating AC Machines Course Code: 3340901

 Prof. J.C. Gadani, Lecturer in Electrical Engineering, C.U.Shah Govt.Poly.,

Surendranagar.
Coordinator and Faculty Members from NITTTR Bhopal
 Prof. (Mrs.) C S Rajeshwari, Head of Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering.
 Prof. Joshua Earnest, Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering.

GTU/ NITTTR Bhopal/13-14 Gujarat State