C IE N 3 0 2 7 2

QUANTITY SURVEYING

ENGR. KWIN JUVY U. CRUZ

PUP - STA. MESA OCTOBER, 2022

GRADING SYSTEM : (Project / Lecture)

1. Project -------------------------------------------------- 35 %
2. Quiz, Exam --------------------------------------------- 25 %
3. Plates/Attendance ------------------------------------- 10 %
4. Final Exam ----------------------------------------------- 30 %
Total 100%

PASSING – 60%
 PROJECT
REQUIREMENTS:
✓Estimate a 2 Storey Residential Building with a minimum floor
area of 100sq.m.

Scope of Works
a. Quantity takeoff of the ff:
- Structural Works
- Architectural Works
- Plumbing and Sanitary
- Electrical Works
b. Bill of Quantities
c. Elemental Cost
d. Materials Pricelist
 C IE N 3 0 2 7 2

Int rodUC t IOn t o

Const r UC t IOn Est IMAt es
ENGR. KWIN JUVY U. CRUZ

PUP - STA. MESA OCTOBER, 2022

LECTURE OUTLINE

Key LearningPoints

01 Definition of Estimate

02 Different Types of Estimates

03 Estimating Methods

04 Bill of Quantities

05 Quantity Take-off
 ESTIMATE
An estimate for any construction work may be
Meaning defined as the process of calculating the
quantities and cost of various items required
in connection with the work.

It is prepared by calculation the quantities

Estimateis an from the dimensions on the drawings for the

various items required to complete the
educated guess.
project and multiplied by unit cost of the item
concerned.

To prepare an estimate, drawing consisting of

the plan, elevation and the sections through
important points, along with a detailed
specification giving specific description of
workmanship, properties and proportion of
materials are required.
COST ESTIMATE
 COST ESTIMATE
Cost estimating is an attempt to forecast the actual cost of a project.
?
if the estimate is determined less than the actual cost instead of a profit the contractor may
have loss.

if the estimate is determined more than the actual cost the contractor may not received the bid
due to high bid price.
 ESTIMATE COMPOSITION

Quantity Rate Cost or Total Amount

The measurement of something by A fixed charge, payment or value. Rate An estimate how much money will be
stating how much of it there is. It is is the cost built up of material cost, needed or price to be charged for
shown as a figure and a unit of wastages, labor cost, plant/equipment something.
measurement behind it. Unit of cost and profit and overhead.
measurement could be in terms of area
(m2 or sq.m.), length (m), volume (cu.m.)
, weight (kg.), etc.
TYPES OF ESTIMATE

Conceptual

Preliminary

Detailed Estimate
 DETAILED ESTIMATE
This includes the detailed particulars for the quantities,
rates and costs of all the items involved for satisfactory
completion of project. Quantities of all items of work are
calculated from their respective dimensions on the
drawings. Multiplying these quantities by their respective
rates in a separate sheet, the cost of all items are worked
out individually and summarized. All other expenses
required for satisfactory completion of the work are added
to above cost.
ApproxIMAt e est IMAt e

This is made to find out an approximate

cost in a short time and thus enable the
responsible authority concerned to
consider the financial aspect of the
scheme for according sanction to the
same. During preparation of the estimate
detailed surveying, design, drawings, etc
are not required. This estimate is
prepared after preliminary investigation
and preliminary surveying. Rates are
determined either from practical
knowledge or from records for similar
works.
QUANTITY SURVEYING
 measuring the items which form a construction one by one and quantifying
these items.

there is a direct relationship between the accuracy of the cost of the

QUANTITY construction calculated based on the quantity surveying and accuracy of

SURVEYING quantity surveying.

inappropriate quantity survey >>>>>>>inappropriate estimation of costs of

construction.
BILL O F Q UA N TITIES
(BOQ)
 BILL Of QUA nt It IES

It is defined as a list of brief

descriptions and estimated quantities.
• The quantities in BOQ is • It should be noted that the
• It is one of the communication tool
defined as estimated quality of the drawings plays a
which connects the parties (Client, • Generally BOQ is in
because they are subject major part in achieving these
consultant & contractor) of tabular form which
to admeasurement and aims by enabling the estimator
construction project. contents description,
are not expected to be to produce an accurate bill and
unit, quantity, rate &
totally accurate due to also by allowing the estimator
• BOQ is a schedule which categories, amount in different
the unknown factors to make sound engineering
details and quantifies the materials columns.
which occur in civil judgments on methods of
and other cost items to be used in
engineering work. working.
construction project.
FI g U r e 1
sampl e BO Q

• Item Description
column provides a
brief explanation
of what to be
done.
 IMport ance of BOQ

1. 2. 3.
It defines the extent of the work. (But it
It provides basic idea of the project by
should be identified in line with drawings It provides a basis for valuation of
giving the quantities to tenderers.
& specification as well). variation. (Variation is to be discussed in
detail).
It gives estimated or anticipated
contract sum. (very important to client)
 1.Civil Works

BOQ a.Structural Works such as Siteworks (clearing and grubbing,

levelling, excavation, backfilling, etc. ; Concreting Works (concrete,

WORKGROUPS
formworks, reinforcements);

b.Architectural works such as Masonry Works, plastering, flooring,

water proofing, etc.

2. Sanitary works which includes Water Feeding systems; Internal

and External plumbing works;Finishes of plumbing works, etc.

3. Mechanical Works which includes Air Conditioning

Systems;Elevators;etc.

4. Fire Protection Works which includes Fire Alarm System;

Sprinklers;etc.
QUA nt It Y t ake-off
Importance
The quantity of material in a project can be accurately
what is?
determined from the drawings. The estimator must review
The quantity “take-off” is an important part of the cost each sheet of the drawings, calculate the quantity of
estimate. It must be as accurate as possible and should material and record the amount and unit of measure. Each
be based on all available engineering and design data. estimator must develop a system of quantity take-off that
Use of appropriate automation tools is highly ensures that a quantity is not omitted or calculated twice.
recommended. Accuracy and completeness are critical A well-organized check list of work will help reduce the
factors in all cost estimates. An accurate and complete chances of omitting an item. The estimator must, also, add
estimate establishes accountability and credibility of the an appropriate percentage for waste for those items
cost engineer, therefore, providing greater confidence in where waste is likely to occur during construction. The
the cost estimate. The estimate contingencies for material quantity take-off is extremely important for cost
programming purposes reflect the estimate confidence. estimating because it often establishes the quantity and
unit of measure for the costs of labor and contractor’s
equipment.
 THANK YOU!!!

PUP - STA. MESA OCTOBER, 2022

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