Script for report FDM
Let’s have a brief overview of multiplexing.
*Read the slide*
The primary goal of multiplexing is to make efficient use of the
available bandwidth. Instead of dedicating separate channels or
communication paths for each signal, multiplexing allows
multiple signals to share the same channel, enabling
simultaneous transmission and maximizing the utilization of the
medium.
Intro: In today's world, the need for efficient communication
has become more important than ever. And to meet this need,
various techniques have been developed over the years. One
such technique is Frequency Division Multiplexing, or FDM.
*Read the slide*
To better understand the definition of FDM, let’s go to the next
slide.
NEXT SLIDE:
The frequency division block diagram is shown below which
includes a transmitter and a receiver. In FDM, the different
message signals like m1(t), m2(t) & m3(t) are modulated at the
different carrier frequencies like fc1, fc2 & fc3. In this manner,
the different modulated signals are separated from each other
within the frequency domain. The modulated signals are then
combined and transmitted over a single communication
channel.
To minimize interference between the different message
signals, a guard band is used. Guard band acts as a buffer,
preventing the signals from interfering with each other. By
keeping a guard band between the message signals, the
chances of interference are greatly reduced, allowing for
clearer communication.
At the receiver end, bandpass filters are used to separate each
modulated signal from the composite signal & demultiplexed.
By transmitting the demultiplexed signal through the LPF, which
LPF also helps eliminate interference, reconstruct the signals,
and control the bandwidth of each channel during the
demultiplexing process. The individual signals are then
demodulated to recover the original signals.
And that is how a typical FDM works.
Next Slide:
Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) has a wide range of
applications in various industries and communication systems.
Here are some key applications of FDM:
AM and FM Radio Broadcasting: FDM is extensively used in
radio broadcasting to transmit multiple radio stations
simultaneously. Each radio station is assigned a specific
frequency band within the available spectrum. FDM allows
these signals to be combined and transmitted over the
airwaves, enabling listeners to tune into their desired radio
station.
Television Broadcasting: FDM plays a crucial role in television
broadcasting. Multiple television channels are multiplexed
using FDM, with each channel occupying a specific frequency
band. This allows for the simultaneous transmission of different
TV programs over the air or through cable or satellite networks,
providing viewers with a wide range of entertainment and
informational content.
Telephony: FDM has been traditionally used in telephony
systems for transmitting multiple voice conversations over a
single communication link. In telephone networks, each
conversation is allocated a separate frequency band, allowing
for concurrent communication between multiple callers. FDM
enables efficient utilization of the available bandwidth and
ensures that each conversation remains isolated from others.
Telemetry Systems: FDM is widely employed in telemetry
systems for monitoring and transmitting data from remote
locations. In telemetry, multiple data streams from sensors or
measurement devices are combined and transmitted using
FDM. Each data stream is assigned a specific frequency band,
enabling simultaneous transmission and reception of diverse
data types, such as temperature, pressure, velocity, or other
measurements.
These applications demonstrate the versatility of FDM in
various communication systems. Whether it is radio
broadcasting, television broadcasting, telephony, or telemetry,
FDM enables the efficient utilization of bandwidth,
simultaneous transmission of multiple signals, and reliable
communication between different endpoints. FDM has been
instrumental in providing efficient and scalable solutions for
transmitting diverse types of information and data over shared
communication channels.
Next slide:
Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) offers several
advantages and disadvantages, which are outlined below:
Advantages:
Efficient use of available bandwidth: FDM allows multiple
signals to be transmitted over a single communication channel,
which allows for efficient use of the available bandwidth.
Low cost: Since FDM does not require separate channels for
each signal, it is a cost-effective way to transmit multiple signals
over a single communication channel.
Simple design: FDM is relatively simple to implement, and the
required equipment is less complex compared to other
multiplexing techniques like Time Division Multiplexing (TDM).
Reliability: FDM offers high reliability as individual channels are
isolated from each other, reducing the impact of failures or
disturbances on other channels.
Disadvantages:
Bandwidth Requirements: FDM requires more bandwidth
compared to other multiplexing techniques, as each channel is
allocated a separate frequency band.
Limited for Few Low-Speed Channels: FDM is more suitable for
a limited number of lower-speed channels. It may not be the
optimal choice for scenarios with numerous high-speed
channels. Although it can accommodate both low-speed and
high-speed channels, mas suitable pa rin ang low-speed
channels since FDM requires more bandwidth for each channel.
So basically, if ia-accommodate ang high-speed channels it
might be challenging within the available spectrum.
Complexity: The circuitry involved in FDM can be complex due
to the need for multiple filters, modulators, and demodulators
for each channel.
Despite these limitations, FDM is still widely used in various
applications, including voice communication, broadcasting, and
satellite communication. As technology advances, new
multiplexing techniques like Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)
which will be reported by Mr. Fulgencio, offering higher
scalability and bandwidth efficiency. Nonetheless, FDM remains
an essential technique in the field of communication.
Thank you for listening, and I hope you've gained a better
understanding of Frequency Division Multiplexing and its role in
modern communication systems.
