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Continuous Time, Discrete Time, Analog and Digital Signals

This document discusses different types of signals. [1] Continuous time signals have values specified for every time instant, while discrete time signals are specified only at discrete time values like monthly deposits. [2] Discrete time signals can be represented graphically, functionally, in a table, or as a sequence. Analog signals can take on any continuous amplitude value, while digital signals are restricted to a finite set of values like binary. The terms "continuous-time" and "discrete-time" refer to the time axis, while "analog" and "digital" refer to the amplitude axis. Examples show signals can be analog or digital, and continuous or discrete in time.

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249 views3 pages

Continuous Time, Discrete Time, Analog and Digital Signals

This document discusses different types of signals. [1] Continuous time signals have values specified for every time instant, while discrete time signals are specified only at discrete time values like monthly deposits. [2] Discrete time signals can be represented graphically, functionally, in a table, or as a sequence. Analog signals can take on any continuous amplitude value, while digital signals are restricted to a finite set of values like binary. The terms "continuous-time" and "discrete-time" refer to the time axis, while "analog" and "digital" refer to the amplitude axis. Examples show signals can be analog or digital, and continuous or discrete in time.

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bhaweshmanindra
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Continuous Time, Discrete Time, Analog and Digital Signals

Continuous Time Signals [1]


A signal that is specified for every value of time is a continuous time signal. Example,
temperature recorded over an interval of time and the temperature is continuously measured at
every time instant.

Discrete Time Signals


A signal that is specified only at discrete values of time is a discrete time signal.
Example, amount deposited every month in a savings account.

Representation of Discrete time signals


The discrete time signals can be represented by the following methods
1. Graphical representation
2. Functional representation
3. Tabular representation
4. Sequence represenattion

1. Graphical representation
Consider a signal with values
This signal can be represented graphically as
2. Functional representation
The discrete time signal shown above can be represented using functional representation
as below.

3. Tabular representation
The discrete time signal shown above can also be represented as

4. Sequence representation
A finite duration sequence with time origin indicated by symbol is represented
as

An infinite duration sequence can be represented as

A finite duration sequence that satisfies the condition can be represented as

Analog and Digital Signals [2]

The concept of continuous-time is often confused with that of analog. The two are not the
same. The same is true of the concepts of discrete-time and digital.

A signal whose amplitude can take on any value in a continuous range is an analog
signal. This means an analog signal amplitude can take on infinite number of values.
A digital signal, on the other hand, is one whose amplitude can take on only a finite number of
values. Signals associated with a digital computer are digital because they take on only two
values (binary signals).

The terms continuous-time and discrete-time qualify the nature of a signal along the time
(horizontal) axis.
The terms analog and digital, on the other hand, qualify the nature of the signal amplitude
(vertical axis).

Examples of various signals

(a) Analog, Continuous-time (b) Digital, Continuous-time (c) Analog, Discrete-time (d) Digital,
Discrete-time

References

[1]. Signals and Systems, Babu and Anandanatarajan, Scitech Publications (India) Pvt. Ltd., 4e,
2014.

[2]. Signal Processing & Linear Systems. B. P. Lathi, Oxford.

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