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At present, Manoj Mukund Naravane is an Indian Army Chief since 31 December 2019. Indian
army is considered as the deadliest army on the plater earth. Indian Army was established in
1895 but it got its current structure after independence.

Structure of Indian Army

In India, the supreme commander of all three armies is President of India. The top
army officer is called the Army Chief. The Indian Army is divided into 7 commands,
whose details are given below:
1. Eastern Command (Headquarter – Kolkata)
Logo of Eastern Command

Currently, in this command 12 divisions and 4 cores are working.

• 23rd Infantry Division – Ranchi

• 2nd Mountain Division – Dibrugarh

• 5th Mountain Division – Bomdila

• 17th Mountain Division – Gangtok

• 56th Mountain Division – Zakhama

• 21st Mountain Division – Rangia

• 20th Mountain Division – Binnaguri

• 57th Mountain Division – Leimakhong

• 71st Mountain Division – Missamari

• 27th Mountain Division – Kalimpong

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• 59th Infantry Division –Panagarh

• 72 Infantry Division – Pathankot (Currently being raised)

• III Corps – Dimapur, Nagaland

• IV Corps – Tezpur, Assam

• XXXIII Corps – Siliguri, West Bengal

• XVII Corps – Panagarh, West Bengal

2. Central Command (Headquarter - Lucknow)

Logo of Central Command

Currently no unit of this command is working and it is assigned to South Western

Command.
3. Northern Command (Headquarter - Udhampur)
Logo of Northern Command

At present, 7 divisions, 3 cores and 1 brigade of this command are working.

• 3rd Infantry Division – Leh

• 19th Infantry Division – Baramulla

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• 10th Infantry Division – Akhnoor

• 8th Mountain Division – Dras

• 28th Mountain Division – Gurez

• 25th Infantry Division – Rajauri

• 39th Infantry Division – Yol

• XIV Corps – Leh

• XV Corps – Srinagar

• XVI Corps – Nagrota

• 10 Artillery brigade

4. Southern Command (Headquarter - Pune)

Logo of Southern Command

Currently, in this command 6 divisions, 2 cores and 3 brigades are working.

• 41st Artillery Division – Pune

• 11th Infantry Division – Ahmedabad

• 31st Armoured Division – Jhansi

• 12th RAPID– Jodhpur

• 36th RAPID – Sagar

• 54th Infantry Division – Hyderabad/Secunderabad

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• 4th Armoured Brigade

• 340th Mechanised Brigade

• 475th Engineering Brigade

• XII Corps – Jodhpur

• XXI Corps – Bhopal

5. South-Western Command (Headquarter - Jaipur)

Logo of South-Western Command

At present, 7 divisions, 2 cores and 3 brigades of this command are

working.
• 42nd Artillery Division – Jaipur

• 4th Infantry Division – Allahabad

• 16th Infantry Division – Sri Ganganagar

• 6th Mountain Division – Bareilly

• 18th RAPID – Kota

• 33rd Armoured Division – Hisar

• 24th RAPID – Bikaner

• 6th Independent Armoured Brigade

• 615th Independent Air Defence Brigade

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• 471st Engineering Brigade

• I Corps – Mathura

• X Corps – Bhatinda

6. Western Command (Headquarter - Chandigarh)

Logo of Western Command

Currently, 9 divisions, 3 cores and 6 brigades of this command are working.

• 40th Artillery Division – Ambala

• 1st Armoured Division – Patiala

• 26th Infantry Division – Jammu

• 7th Infantry Division – Firozpur

• 14th RAPID – Dehradun

• 29th Infantry Division – Pathankot

• 9th Infantry Division – Meerut

• 22nd Infantry Division – Meerut

• 15th Infantry Division – Amritsar

• 2nd Independent Armoured Brigade

• 3rd Independent Armoured Brigade

• 23rd Armoured Brigade

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• 612th Mechanised Independent Air Defence Brigade

• 474th Engineering Brigade

• 55th Mechanised Brigade

• II Corps – Ambala

• IX Corps – Yol

• XI Corps – Jalandhar

7. Training Command (Headquarter - Shimla)

Logo of Training Command

This Command is the nodal agency for all institutional training in the army.

Note: Apart from these commands, there is an independent parachute brigade of the
Indian Army, which is located in Agra and it comes directly under the jurisdiction of
Chief of the Army Staff.

Formation and Structure of Indian Army

The Indian army has strength of about a million troops and fields 34 divisions. Its
headquarters is located in the Indian capital New Delhi and it is under the overall
command of the Chief of Army Staff (COAS).

 Division: Each Division is headed by General Officer Commanding (GOC) in the

rank of Major General. It usually consists of 15,000 combat troops and 8,000
support elements. Currently, the Indian Army has 37 Divisions including; 4
RAPID (Re-organized Army Plains Infantry Divisions) Action Divisions, 18
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Infantry Divisions, 10 Mountain Divisions, 3 Armored Divisions and 2 Artillery

Divisions. Each Division composes of several Brigades.

 Brigade: A Brigade generally consists of around 3,000 combat troops with

supporting elements. An Infantry Brigade usually has 3 Infantry Battalions
along with various Support Arms & Services. It is headed by a Brigadier. In
addition to the Brigades in various Army Divisions, the Indian Army also has 5
Independent Armored Brigades, 15 Independent Artillery Brigades, 7
Independent Infantry Brigades, 1 Independent Parachute Brigade,3
Independent Air Defence Brigades, 2 Independent Air Defence Groups and 4
Independent Engineer Brigades. These Independent Brigades operate directly
under the Corps Commander (GOC Corps).

 Battalion: A Battalion is commanded by a Colonel and is the Infantry’s main

fighting unit. It consists of more than 900 combat personnel.

 Company: Headed by the Major or Captain, a company comprises 120 soldiers.

 Platoon: An intermediate between a company and section, a platoon is headed

by a Captain or Lieutenant, or depending on the availability of commissioned
officers, even a junior commissioned officer (Subedar). It has a total strength
of about 32 troops.

 Section: Smallest military outfit with a strength of 10 personnel. Commanded

by a non-commissioned officer of the rank of Havildar or Sergeant.

Role

 Indian Army is mandated to safeguard National Interests from External

Aggression and Internal Subversion.

TASK

 War Fighting to meet External Aggression.

 Internal Security Management to include Internal Threats.

 Force Projection.

 Peace Keeping Operations or Military Assistance to friendly foreign countries.

 Render Humanitarian Assistance, Disaster Relief and Aid to Civil Authorities.

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STRUCTURE
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COMBAT EDGE

THE ARMOURED CORPS

Armoured Corps, successor to the erstwhile cavalry, retains the elan of the horse
borne warrior of old, along with that infuriatingly languid air of confidence, of never
being seen as perturbed in public. This is a necessity and not a facade. The
mechanised battlefield is exceptionally demanding and requires enormous reserves
of physical, mental and moral stamina to get through the 'noise and dust'. The
Armoured Corps ethos reflects professional competence and makes demands on
individual soldiers far beyond those necessary in other vocations. The Indian
Armoured Corp's operational success continues to be founded on moral strength and
martial spirit, and it takes tremendous pride in the achievements of the past, seizes
the demands and opportunities of the present, and focuses always on the challenges
of the future. At the core lies the enduring principles of the Fire Power and Shock
Action, the application of which will always have a most devastating effect on the
enemy.

THE INFANTRY

The least spectacular of all arms, but without which you can do nothing, nothing at
all". True to these words, Infantry has been the foremost fighting arm from the days
of yore. History is testimony to the fact that the ultimate victory in any war is
decided by the Infantry. It is the infantryman who pushes the enemy out of his
bunker and forces him to accept defeat; or, resolutely holds ground against the
assaults of the enemy till the "last man last round". Like all armies the world over,
Infantry is the prime arm of the Indian Army. It is with the Infantry at the core that
the rest of the Army is configured, both during war and peace. If Army is the last
bastion of National security, Infantry remains its penultimate strength.

All wars since 1947 have been witness to the heroic deeds of Infantry troops who
have performed their tasks successfully in adverse climatic conditions and terrain to
protect the Nation's integrity and sovereignty. The Indian frontiers remain in the
hands of infantrymen, from the staggering high altitudes of the Siachen Glacier, the
impregnable jungles of the north-east to the scorching heat of the Thar Desert. The
low-intensity conflict operations have been a constant, and perhaps the most
prolonged operation for the Army. Insurgencies in the North - East, Jammu and
Kashmir and, in the past, Punjab have been live examples of Infantry centric
operations which are characteristically complex, delicate and sensitive. The
Infantrymen have invariably performed well. Besides, the world over in various
United Nations peace-keeping operations, our Infantry has earned tremendous good-
will and carved a niche for itself and the Nation.
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THE GUNNERS

The Gunners are a breed apart. Their professional attitude, work ethics and training
regimen prepares them to face any contingency which may evolve in their flexible
fire plan. Gunners exude confidence and infuse the same among others. This ability
is reflected in their motto SARVATRA, IZZAT - O - IQBAL to provide fire-power for all
eventualities, where-ever required, in whichever form required.

ARMY AVIATION

Ability to observe deep into the enemy area has always been one of the
quintessential pre-requisites of warfare and the 20th Century saw a major revolution
in warfare when the advent of airpower added a third dimension to the battlefield on
land and in sea. Building from those days, Army Aviation Corps, the youngest Corps
in the Indian Army has notched up an enviable record of successes, awards and
decorations. It is an amalgamation of diverse influence and traditions of the
‘Aviation’ and the ‘Army’. The motto ‘Suveg Va Sudrid’ clearly narrates the daily
ongoing epic of Army Aviation’s ceaseless operational involvement across diverse
terrains, in contrasting weather and climatic conditions in a variety of difficult
situations. Nothing describes the omnipotence of Aviation’s reach and presence
better than it’s ubiquitous round the clock application in the present day context. To
add to this are the inborn demands of the environment as Aviation requires
enormous reserves of physical, mental and moral stamina. The men and machines,
of the Army Aviation Corps, have done yeoman service during the two major wars
and innumerable missions of mercy in peace-time for which they have earned
accolades far out of proportion to their small numbers.

ARMY AIR DEFENCE

The Corps of Army Air Defence, though a nascent arm, has evolved into a highly
professional and modern arm of Indian Army. The personnel of Corps of Army Air
Defence perform their duty with speed and flexibility; with utmost zeal and
enthusiasm. In the contemporary battlefield characterized by versatile aircraft, flying
at speed well beyond that of sound, the Air Defence men have to be capable of real
time monitoring and rapid decision making, to live up to the Corps motto of AKASHE
SHATRUN JAHI (Kill the Enemy in the Sky). The Corps of Army Air Defence is always
"First In and Last Out" in the gamut of operations and in addition to attacking the
enemy's critical assets, provides credible air defence cover to vital assets of strategic
importance and to critical assets of field forces.

THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS

The Corps of Engineers with their motto of SARVATRA (Ubique in Latin, or

'Everywhere' in common parlance) are a league apart. The officers of the Corps of
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Engineers are armed with a degree in engineering. The 'Sappers' (as the Engineers
are commonly known) are adept at a wide variety of important operational tasks
ranging from minefield laying and clearing, bridging, road construction, handling of
explosives etc. Mobility and counter-mobility can be termed as some of the
important aspects of warfare in which the Engineers play a major role.

THE CORPS OF SIGNALS

The Corps of Signals is responsible to provide, deploy and leverage the strength of
communication networks and ensure cyber security, both during peace and war. The
vast Information Communication and Technology (ICT) infrastructure created by the
Corps of Signals brings about the necessary synergy amongst various arms/ services
by providing voice, video and data connectivity to units and formations thus fulfilling
the motto TEEVRA CHAUKAS. They also connect soldiers deployed at far flung
remote locations to their kith and kin. The Information Warriors, as they are
popularly known, are more fortunate than others since they are constantly on the
job, thus ensuring high state of training and morale. The importance of their role
inculcates a sense of pride, confidence and sophistication that is unmatched. All said
and done a Signaller's life is worth living and dying for.

MECHANISED INFANTRY

In the Indian Context, the need to mechanise our Infantry was first felt after the
1965 war. The first tentative steps were taken in I969, when 1st MADRAS added
another 1st to its cap becoming the first infantry unit to be equipped with APC
TOPAZ. 1st JAT LI followed soon, and by the year 1970, ten of our finest infantry
units had been equipped with an array of APCs or Chariots, namely the BTR, SKOT
and TOPAZ. The 1971 war saw some of these battalions take part in action on both
fronts as part of Combat Groupings with Armoured Units for the first time. To fully
realise the combat potential of this dynamic arm, the need was felt to provide these
battalions with an integrated training and a common battle philosophy. The idea of
grouping the existing Battalions together under one banner with a common identity
was conceived by Gen KV Krishna Rao, PVSM in 1973 and crystallised by Gen K
Sundarji, AVSM, PVSM, ADC. It was they who pursued the formal raising of the
Mechanised Infantry Regiment.

The Mechanised Infantry is the youngest regiment of the Indian Army and is a
unique blend of military heritage originating since 1776 and the latest state of the art
equipment profile. In 1977-78 Mechanised Infantry units were equipped with BMP-1
Infantry Combat Vehicles (ICVs). To fulfil the requirement of the common battle and
training philosophy of mechanised warfare, the Mechanised Infantry Regiment was
raised on 02 April 1979 and the affairs of the regiment were transferred from
Directorate General of Infantry to Directorate General Mechanised Forces. The
regiment was raised and nurtured under the watchful eyes of its first Colonel of the
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Regiment, General K Sundarji, PVSM, ADC. New Battalions were raised by pooling in
manpower from old battalions. The regimental crest is a rifle bayonet mounted on
the BMP- 1, depicting the infantry and mechanised facets of the regiment. The
President conferred Colours to the regiment on 24 February 1988 at Mechanised
Infantry Regimental Centre (MIRC), Ahmednagar, in a unique parade where 14
Colours were laid down and 24 Colours presented.

The regiment has actively participated in 'Operation Pawan' in Srilanka, 'Operation

Rakshak' and 'Operation Vijay'. The regiment has the unique distinction of operating
in the High Altitude Areas of Ladakh and Sikkim. It also specialises in amphibious,
heliborne and airborne operations. The regiment has successfully participated in UN
Peace Keeping Operations in Somalia, Angola, Sierra Leone, Democratic Republic of
Congo & Sudan. The regiment is affiliated to the Indian Naval Ship.

THE ARMY MEDICAL CORPS

The Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS) relentlessly pursues professional

excellence, and immensely dedicated to maintaining the morale of fighting forces
both in war and peacetime by quality medical care and treatment. AFMS is a model
of inter-service integration wherein all the three services are jointly committed to the
task of providing comprehensive health care services to its clientele.

The ethos of the Army Medical Corps, are reflected in the Corps flag and its crest,
with the three colours as "Dull Cherry, Old gold with Black, in-between. The flag and
crest, denote positive health, succour, freedom from diseases, creativity, intellect
and magnanimity, which epitomizes the Corps Motto SARVE SANTU NIRAMAYA - may
all be free from disease and disability.

The AFMS delivers quality curative and preventive services and practice of social
hygiene on a large scale. The Corps has some of the highest qualified super-
specialist, specialists and medical officers in all branches of medicine. The AFMS not
only implements all National Health Programmes to provide efficient preventive and
curative services but has specialized treatment facilities for heart, lung, kidney
diseases and cancer treatment. The Army Medical Corps (AMC) takes care of all the
service personel, their families and pays equal importance in providing medical care
to the Ex Servicemen (ESM) and their dependents through ECHS, or by various
medical camps conducted in remote areas, including Nepal.

The AFMS have always been at the forefront in providing medical relief in times of
disasters and natural calamities and has formed a very important integral part of UN
Peace Keeping Forces. The rapid technical changes in the past two decades and the
commitment of the Corps to provide a cradle-to-grave service, has led to advances
in medical science and technology. AFMS has excelled in almost all branches of
medicine and surgery especially in cardiology, cardio-thoracic surgery, neurology &
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neuro surgery, renal transplantation, malignant diseases treatment, joint

replacement etc.

THE ORDNANCE CORPS

The Army Ordnance Corps today is an organization that has been transformed into a
well connected logistic chain capable of withstanding all challenges. True to their
motto of SHASTRA SE SHAKTI, they ensure that the fighting troops receive intimate
and state-of-the-art support on the battlefield.

The 'Tuskers' ensure that the required wherewithal is delivered at the right time,
right place, and of the right quality. Perfection is striven for so that the fighting
soldier does not have to look over his shoulder for his needs. The great challenge
today is that of balancing economy with effort and getting the 'best bang for the
buck'. With automation and modern material management techniques, this is always
the ultimate goal.

THE CORPS OF EME

In sync with its motto, 'Work is Supreme Duty', the 'Soldier-Craftsman' of the Corps
of Electronics Engineers (EME) popularly called Eagles have been rendering yeoman
services by providing integrated engineering support to the entire range and depth of
Army's equipment, be it vehicles, tanks, telecommunication devices, radars or any
other conceivable equipment of the Army, right from design to discard i.e. support
from 'womb to tomb'. Wars involve the employment of a great deal of modern and
sophisticated equipment and the EME plays a major role in assisting the Army's
operational preparedness status and combat effectiveness to win any war.

It ensures operational fitness of the entire range of equipment. It also spearheads

the management of technology transition for advancing the force modernization
programme. If combat arms are the teeth of the Army then EME has a vital function
of keeping them sharp, fulfilling the motto: KARM HI DHARM.

THE ARMY DENTAL CORPS

Army Dental Corps is a family of dedicated professionals committed to maintaining

the dental health of Armed Forces Officers, personnel and their families which in turn
contributes to optimum force utilization and enhances operational capability.

The Core Values of the Corps are patient focused & comply with clinical and
contemporary governance protocols; value each individual and their contribution;
provide directed military & professional development and promote tri-service ethos.

The Corps Ethos have also been imbibed into the Corps Crest which has a laurel
wreath enclosing elephant tusks and a lotus flower at the base. The beauty of the
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crest is highlighted by the noble Ashoka Lions at the top. The right tusk represents
wisdom and the left, emotion.

THE RASHTRIYA RIFLES

Rashtriya Rifles is a specialist elite force raised in 1990 to combat insurgency in the
country and is the premier counter insurgency force of the Army, today. The
Rashtriya Rifles is an excellent classical example of Olive Green integration with its
rank and file drawn from all arms and services. Its efficacy is reflected in its
phenomenal operational success which is the result of a stringent selection process,
training, enhanced mobility, surveillance, fire-power and protection capabilities.
Rashtriya Rifles adopts a relentless approach with human touch in the execution of
tasks, true to its motto of DRIDTA AUR VEERTA which means Determination and
Valour.

THE ARMY SERVICE CORPS

"War is first and foremost a matter of movement; in the second place, a matter of
supply.... and in the third, a matter of destruction". This quote aptly describes the
function of the Army Service Corps. This is the Corps, which moves and sustains
everything that is required for warfare i.e. from a soldier to any kind of equipment,
big or small. Moving by vehicles, mules and porters, it ensures flawless logistics
support to match up with the operational plans.

THE PIONEER CORPS

The oldest and least glamourous of all services, yet it is omnipresent in all stages of
warfare. Pioneer Corps units provide disciplined and well trained manpower, where
civilian labour is either not available, or its employment is not desirable for reasons
of security. Pioneer units are mostly committed in forward and operational areas.
They may also be employed as guards and escorts for headquarters, installations,
ammunition trains and convoys.

"Through all major wars the contribution of the Pioneer has been tremendous. He is
an important element in all spheres of activities with the engineers he builds bridges,
repairs railways, maintains roads; with the service corps he brings up vital supplies
and stores; with the ordnance corps he keeps up the flow of guns and ammunition;
he works in hospitals or acts as stretcher bearers with frontline troops ".

True to these words, the Pioneers have been there to support the operations of all
arms and services, both in war and peace. Their resilience and eagerness to
undertake all type of duties is aptly summed up in their motto; SHRAM SARVA
VIJAYEE -meaning 'With Labour, everything can be won'. The Pioneer Soldier is
always true to his tasks.
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THE TERRITORIAL ARMY

The concept of Territorial Army in India was introduced way back in the year 1897,
when it was raised as 'Volunteers'. Since its raising on 9th October 1949 by Shri C
Rajagopalachari, the then Governor General of India . The Territorial Army also
known as TERRIERS has come a long way and earned a place for itself in the hearts
of the people by its selfless devotion to duty, truly justifying the motto SAVDHANI VA
SHURTA. The conceptual framework for the Territorial Army is based on the
fundamental idea that it should exist for war time employment and should be
maintainable at the lowest cost during peace time.

The concept encompasses the employment of disciplined, trained and dedicated

citizens from all walks of life to support, supplement and augment the resources of
the regular Army. The primary objective of raising the Terriers was to create a
Citizens Army capable of augmenting and relieving the Regular Army of their static
duties during national emergencies and for providing aid to the civil authorities in
dealing with natural calamities and maintenance of essential services. TA is a vital
adjunct of the Regular Army with the ability to augment the regular army. It is a
flexible and dynamic system capable of resurrection from complete dormancy to full
operational capability in an efficient manner within an operationally acceptable time-
frame, as has been proved time and again.

MODERNISATION

Our Major acquisitions are focused on building new capabilities as well as making up
deficiencies in the inventory. With Defence Procurement Procedure-2013 coming into
effect, indigenization will get due impetus. The Army also carried out alignment of
the acquisition structures by streamlining the evolution of General Staff Qualitative
Requirements (GSQRs), establishment of a Contracts Negotiation Committee (CNC)
Cell and inclusion of Integrated Financial Adviser (IFA) Capital for delegated financial
powers and strengthening of the Request for Proposal (RFP) Cell. All these measures
have made the system more robust and efficient.

Mechanised Forces: Modernisation of the mechanized forces is underway to meet

the requirements of the future battle field. Upgradation of aspects of in-service
equipment like night fighting capability, modern fire control systems and better
power packs has been the thrust area. Concurrently, the indigenous development of
future combat vehicle platforms is also being progressed.

Artillery: Procurement of Artillery equipment is focused on conversion of equipment

to 155 mm caliber, enhancing surveillance capabilities and acquisition of long range
vectors.
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Infantry: Modernisation of the infantry soldier is aimed at enhancing lethality and

providing individual protection. Procurement of modern Assault Rifles, Carbines and
LMGs alongwith Bullet Proof Jackets and Ballistic Helmets is underway.

Army Air Defense: The Corps of Army Air Defence is taking major strides in
upgrading its gun and missile systems. A number of quality upgrades and inductions
which are in the pipeline would replace the existing vintage equipment.

Common Equipment: In addition to acquisitions specific to different arms,

induction of High Mobility Vehicles, Materials Handling Equipment and critical Rolling
Stock for rail movement are in the pipeline. Modernisation of logistics installations
with state of the art warehousing facilities, retrieval and accounting systems is also
underway.

Synergy with the DRDO: Army has enhanced its interactions with Defence
Research Development Organisation (DRDO). Projects addressing ammunition needs
are being given priority so that we can move towards self reliance.

Infantry’s Weapons and Equipment

Assault Rifle, Sten Machine Carbine, 9mm Pistol and Hand Grenades are the
personal weapons for individual soldiers. All soldiers and officers carry one of these
weapons along with hand grenades when they go to war

5.56mm Light Machine Gun: It can fire effectively up to 700m. It is an automatic

gun and has a higher rate of fire than an assault rifle. It is useful in breaking the
enemy forming up for final charge on own defences.

Rifle AK 203: It is a new assault rifle which is in the process of being introduced
into the army. It will replace the INSAS weapon system and is manufactured as a
joint venture between Russia and The Ordnance Factory Board, in Korwa, Amethi,
Uttar Pradesh.

84 mm Rocket Launcher: This is used to destroy tanks, bunkers, vehicles etc. It

can be used to illuminate the battle area as also for making smoke screens to hide
movement of own troops.

51mm Mortar: This is used to fire high explosive bombs on enemy. It is an area
weapon use which can destroy the enemy. It can also fire illumination and smoke
bombs
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7.62mm Medium Machine Gun: It can fire 600 to 1000 rounds per minute at an
effective distance of 1800m. The 30mm Automatic Grenade Launcher is best suited
to engage enemies in the open. It has an ammunition box that can hold 30
grenades. It can fire up to 2300m

81 mm Mortars: It is an area weapon which can fire high explosives, smoke and
illuminating bombs. Its effective range is 5000m (or 5 KM). It can fire in all types of
terrain and in all weather conditions

Anti Tank Guided Missiles (ATGM): With a range of upto four kms, the ATGMs are
very accurate and effective in destroying tanks in war.

Hand Held Thermal Imager (HHTI) and Battle Field Surveillance Radars
(BFSR) The HHTI is used to detect enemy troops at 1.5 kms and vehicles up to 3
kms. It is very effective being used on the Line of Control where it is used for
detecting terrorists and enemy troop intrusions. The BFSR can be used for detecting
enemy movement for a distance upto 18 kms.

Armoured Corps Weapons and Equipment

• T-72 and T-90 Tanks : Both these tanks are of Russian origin. The T-72 was the
most popular tank after World War II. It was being used by over 40 countries
worldwide. The T- 90 tanks are the upgraded versions of T-72 with greater mobility,
fire power and lethality.

• Main Battle Tank (MBT) Arjun : It is an indigenously built tank with advanced
features like automatic target locating, tracking and destruction. It has superior
armour protection than the Russian T-90s.

• Bridge Laying Tank : As the name suggests, it is used to lay bridges over obstacle
ridden terrain to enable tanks, troops and logistical transport to cross over. The
indigenously made 20-meter long 'Kartik' bridge laying tank is one of the widest tank
bridges in the world. The bridge can carry all types of tanks and other vehicles in
service with the Indian Army, including the Arjun MBT.

The strength of the Indian Army is as follows;

1. Total Soldiers: 14 lac active army and 11.55 lac reserve army and 2 million
paramilitary forces
2. Tanks: 6464
3. Armoured Fighting Vehicle (AFV):6704
4. Self Propelled Guns: 290
5. Towed Artillery Vehicles: 7414
6. Multiple Rocket Launcher: 292
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7. Nuclear Warheads: 110-120

As we all know, in today's world, war does not fight with hands but with the help of
weapons. That's why India's army is strengthening the technological development of
all the three wings of its defense forces.

India has the following Missiles:

1. Supersonic Cruise Missile BrahMos: India's most dangerous missile is
Brahmos, which attacks at the speed of 4,900 km / h. It means the BrahMos
can attack at the speed of around 2.8 times faster than sound.

It is expected that the supersonic cruise missile BrahMos will be equipped with the
advanced engine with hypersonic capability in coming 10 years and it is also
expected that it will cross the speed of 7 Mac (seven times the speed of sound). One
more amazing thing about this missile is that neither, USA, China nor Pakistan
have more dangerous missile than BrahMos.

2. Prithvi Missile: It is an indigenously developed surface to surface ballistic missile

which is capable of carrying nuclear bomb.
It has the ability to hit the surface to surface target upto 350 kilometers. This
missile has the characteristic of deceiving any anti ballistic missile. With the help of
this missile, India can hit the Lahore from the location of Jammu and
Kashmir.

3. Agni-5 Missile: Agni-5 is an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile. This is a surface to

surface missile which can hit the target upto 5000 kilometers.
Agni -5 is the most advanced missile of its series, because in terms of Navigation,
Guidance, Warhead and Engine; it is better than its previous versions.

4. Arjuna Tank (MBT): Arjun Tank is named after the name of Mahabharata’s,
Arjun. Its target hitting accuracy is as perfect as the Arjun. Arjun is a Main
Battle Tank (MBT) of third generation in the Indian army. It has been developed by
India’s Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO).
The Arjun tank gets strength from the engine of 1400 Horsepower. The maximum
speed of the Arjun tank is 67 kilometers per hour, although on the unbalanced
routes it can run at the speed of 40 kilometers per hour.
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Arjuna Tank was included in the Indian Army in 2009. As of now India has
approximately 248 Arjun tanks (unofficial).

5. Pinaka Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher: Pinaka is a multi-barrel launcher

developed by the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) for the
Indian Army.
Multi-Barrel Rocket System PINAKA is an area weapon system to supplement the
existing artillery gun at ranges beyond 30 kms. Its Mark-1 system can hit upto
40 kms and Mark-2 can hit upto 75 kms.

It can launch 12 high explosive rockets in 44 seconds. Pinaka had given its
quick reaction services during the Kargil war and was able to neutralize the enemy's
position on the top of the mountain. About 5000 missiles are being produced every
year in India since 2014.
In addition to Pinaka India has purchased the S-400 Anti Aircraft System from the
Russia.

Artillery: India has bought 145; Howitzer M-777 artillery/canons from the USA. The
biggest plus point of this artillery is its low weight that is why it can be uplift on the
hilly areas to retaliate properly.
The Howitzer is equipped with a 39-calibre barrel. Its muzzle velocity is 827m/s. The
M777 has a maximum firing range of 24.7 km with standard rounds.

The M777 has weight of 3,745 kg and can be transported by helicopter, transporter
aircraft and ship.
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Nuclear Triad Capability: India is the 6th country in the world which has the
capacity of Nuclear Triad. It means that India can launch nuclear attack from land,
water and air.

Important Military Operations

Operation Brief Details

Operation The operation was launched after the 13 December 2001 attack on the Indian
Parakram Parliament. Thousands of Indian troops were deployed along the Indo-Pakistan
border. The operation was the largest military exercise carried out by any Asian
country
Operation The operation was launched in Nov 1988 on call of Maldives President MA Gayoom,
Cactus who was under threat of a coup from mercenaries. The three services of India
launched the operation and captured the mercenaries.

Operation Vijay Launched in 1961 to liberate Goa from Portuguses control.

(1961)
Operation Vijay Indian operation to push back the infiltrators from the Kargil Sector.
(1999)
Operation Vajra Launched in Sep 2002 to evacuate Akshardham Temple in Gandhinagar, Gujarat of
Shakti terrorists.
Operation Black Launched by DGP KPS Gill in 1988 to rid the Golden Temple of militants.
Thunder
Operation Blue Launched during the reign of Mrs Indira Gandhi in Jun 1984 against the Sikh
Star militants operating from Golden Temple.
Operation Black An action by National Security Guards against the 26 Nov 2008 terrorists attacks in
Tornado Mumbai.
Operation The name given to Government's paramilitary offensive against the naxals in the
Green Hunt 'Red Corridor'.
Operation The operation was launched by the Indian Army in November 1986 to simulate a full-
Brasstacks scale war on the western border.
Operation An operation launched by the Indian Military to capture the Siachen Glacier in the
Meghdoot disputed Kashmir region in April 1984. The Indian troops finally gained control of the
entire Siachen Glacier.
Operation It was the codename given to the operations by the Indian Peace Keeping Force to
Pawan take control of Jaffna from the LTTE in late 1987.
Operation Safed It was the codename assigned to the Indian Air Force's strike to support the Ground
Sagar troops during Operation Vijay Kargil.
Operation This refers to the deployment of Naval Fleets in the North Arabian Sea during the
Talwar 1999 Kargil conflict between India and Pakistan.
Operation This refers to the operation launched in Jan 2016 to neutralise terrorists who
Dhangu attacked Pathankot air base in Punjab.
Suraksha
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Important Military Exercises

Code Name Countries

Indra India and Russia
Simbex India and Singapore
Agni Warrior India and Singapore
Bold Kurukshetra India and Singapore

Salvex India and United States

Yudh Abhyas India and United States
Vajra Prahar India and United States
Slinex India and Sri Lanka
Mitra Shakti India and Sri Lanka
Sampriti India and Bangladesh
Nomadic India and Mongolia
Elephant
Khan Quest India and Mongolia
Varuna India and France
Shakti India and France
Surya Kiran India and Nepal
Jimex India and Japan
Sahyog Kaijin India and Japan
Garuda Shakti India and Indonesia
Samudra Shakti India and Indonesia
Lamitye India and Seychelles
Naseem Al Bahr India and Oman
Al Nagah India and Oman
Hand-in-hand India and China
AUSINDEX India and Australia
Prabal Dostyk India and Kazakhstan
Khanjar India and Kyrgystan
Maitree India and Thailand
Ajeya Warrior India and United Kingdom
Konkan India and United Kingdom
Desert Eagle India and United Arab Emirates
Ekuverin India and Maldives
Vinbax India and Vietnam
Harimau Shakti India and Malaysia
Dustlik India and Uzbekistan
Milan Multi-nation Naval exercise in the Indian Ocean
Dosti Trilateral Coast Guard exercise among India, Sri Lanka and Maldives
from 2012 and bilateral between India and Maldives from 1991 to 2011
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Malabar Trilateral Naval exercise between India, Japan and United States from
2015 and bilateral between India and United States from 1992 to 2014

Defence Training Establishments

# Institute Location
1. Defence Institute of Advanced Technology Pune
2. National Academy of Defence Financial Management Pune
3. National Institute of Defence Estates Management Delhi
4. Defence Institute of Psychological Research Delhi
5. Defence Institute of High Altitude Research Leh
6. College of Defence Management Secunderabad
7. National Defence College Delhi
8. Defence Services Staff College Wellington
9. National Defence Academy Khadakvasla, Pune
10. Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses New Delhi
11. High Altitude Warfare School Gulmarg, J & K
12. Indian National Defence University (proposed) Gurgaon, Haryana

Training Establishments of Indian Army

# Training Establishment Location

1. Indian Military Academy Dehra Dun
2. Officers' Training Academy Chennai
3. Officers' Training Academy Gaya
4. Military College of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering Secunderabad
5. Counter Insurgency and Jungle Warfare School Vairengte
6. College of Combat Mhow
7. Infantry Schools Mhow and Belgavi
8. School of Artillery Deolali
9. College of Military Engineering Pune
10. Military College of Telecommunication Engineering Mhow
11. EME School Vadodara
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