[go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd
Upload
40 views3 pages

Notes in Algebra and Trigonometry

This document discusses methods for solving quadratic equations, including factoring, taking the square root, completing the square, and using the quadratic formula. It provides examples of solving quadratic equations with each method. Factoring involves setting the equation equal to zero and factoring one side into two binomials, which are then set equal to zero to solve for the roots. Taking the square root method uses the property that if x2 = d, then x = ±√d to find the roots. The document also introduces exponential and logarithmic functions with examples of evaluating exponential and logarithmic expressions.

Uploaded by

cresline repollo cuyos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
40 views3 pages

Notes in Algebra and Trigonometry

This document discusses methods for solving quadratic equations, including factoring, taking the square root, completing the square, and using the quadratic formula. It provides examples of solving quadratic equations with each method. Factoring involves setting the equation equal to zero and factoring one side into two binomials, which are then set equal to zero to solve for the roots. Taking the square root method uses the property that if x2 = d, then x = ±√d to find the roots. The document also introduces exponential and logarithmic functions with examples of evaluating exponential and logarithmic expressions.

Uploaded by

cresline repollo cuyos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

QUADRATIC EQUATION in one unknown has the form ax2 + bx + c = 0 where a, b and c are

real numbers and a ≠ 0.


To solve a quadratic equation means to find the values of the x or any variable which satisfy the
equation.

Methods of Solving quadratic equations


1. By factoring
2. By square root
3. By completing the square
4. By quadratic formula

Solution by Factoring
To solve a quadratic equation by factoring, we set the right side of the equation to zero, then use
the following theorem:
If ab = 0, then a = 0 or b = 0, or both and b are zero.

Examples:

1. x2 + 5x = 2x + 10
x2 + 5x - 2x - 10 = 0 Make the right side equal to zero
x2 + 3x - 10 = 0 Factor the left side
(x - 2)(x + 5) = 0 Equate each factor to zero
x - 2 = 0; x + 5 = 0 Solve for x
x = 2 ; x = -5

Check: x = 2 x = -5

22 + 5(2) = 2(2) + 10 52 + 5(-5) = 2(-5) + 10


4 + 10 = 4 + 10 25 - 25 = -10 + 10
14 = 14 0 =0
The solution set is { -5, 2 } or root of the equation.

2. 6x2 = x + 2
6x2 - x - 2 = 0
(3x - 2)(2x + 1) = 0
3x - 2 = 0; 2x + 1 = 0
3x = 2 ; 2x = -1

2 1
x= ;x=-
3 2

2 1
The solution set is { , - } or root of the equation.
3 2

3 x x +4
3. = Take the LCD = x (x + 2)
x+2 x

( x+3 x2 = 4 x+x 2 )(x(x +2)) Multiply both side of the equation by LCD.

3x2 = (x + 4)(x + 2) Simplifying the result.

3x2 = x2 + 6x + 8 Distribute the right side of the equation.


3x2 - x2 - 6x - 8 = 0 Equate to zero.

2x2 - 6x - 8 = 0 Simplify
(2x2 - 6x - 8 = 0) / 2 divide the equation by 2

x2 - 3x - 4 = 0 Simplify
(x -4)(x + 1) = 0 factor the equation

x-4=0;x+1=0
x=4 ;x=-1

The solution set is { 4, -1 } or root of the quadratic equation.

Solution by square root


To solve a quadratic equation by square root, we use the following theorem;

x = d if and only if x = ± √ d

Examples:
1. x2 - 16 = 0
x2 = 16
x = ± √ 16
x=±4
The solution set is { 4, -4 }

2. x2 = 5
x=±√5
The solution set is { - √ 5 , √ 5 } or it is considered as the root of the equation.

3. (x - 1)2 = 3
x - 1 = ±√ 3
x = 1 ±√ 3
The solution set is { 1 √ 3 ,1 − √ 3 } or it is consider as the root of the equation.

EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION - exponential function is a mathematical function, which is used


in many real world situations. It is mainly used to find the exponential decay or exponential
growth or to compute investments, model populations and so on. Exponential function is in the
form of f(x) = ax, where a > 0 and a is not equal to 1,. x is any real number.

Example:
1. 63x + 1 = 36 original equation
63x + 1 = 62 change 36 to 62
3x + 1 = 2 cancel the equal base to equate the exponent
3x = 2 - 1 combining like term
1
x= solve the value of x.
3

( ) = 64
x
1
2. original equation
4
4-x = 43 take the reciprocal of left side equation, change 64 to 43 .
-x = 3 cancel the equal base,then equate the exponent.
x = -3 solve the value of x.
LOGARITHMIC FUNCTION - logarithmic function with base b is the inverse of the
exponential function,
y = logb x if and only if x = by
Natural Logarithmic function - the natural logarithmic function is the inverse of the natural
exponential function,
y = ln x if and only if x = ey

Example:
a. log2 32 = 5 , logarithmic form because 25 = 32, exponential form

b. log3 27 = 3 because 33 = 27

1 1
c. log4 2 = because 4 2 = 2
2

1 1
d. log8 = -2 because 8-2 =
64 64

e. log4 1 = 0 because 40 = 1

You might also like