* [hegre goal | Ra Uno Suh] © fepfe gaia ate the aie buildtog binky any dit! Sybtem: teyfe 1A detined ah, 7 Statement eohjch 4, use HY Some condition iA Betittied and fabre dy that condijent ik Met Actispied, Some ey. | Sepia Dtatement- DA Bulb trond On, if we clone “the Motte: Ohenola dk d of. B Vou will PASS — uolth (4 marks, if Yor shety eM. 3) 3 will mia the pu, i} DE am fates Muy Ach tee oh sotatanent has ctioe Popibye l@cteomey, Fitch dogic tohid hos enly “leoo Posjble Outtome 14 pik whence," Bo! uepneients “loo. 9D Whe two powsible Outcome, sf qa Pinaey Loic ane clenstad by two "lo Hage Sevreby ." D The-trat Oubcome, ib alenaied by q HIGb deusel and Cotbed at bagi fovel “and the gate omlcome jf denoted RY & LW ‘beret and Cate jad Logie © Level , "onepe 44 bogie Sovel? =] ae Lopic devel bean a aK ? ra = ae tee > ow 'liboyicioy a er A 3 ON: Lal aioe igh Liegic 1D) " logic eh { co (Dp ped i f a —)) | Low (eye) \ | 1 | Ta Ps Hew (git!) y git hal j 3) you exam} nal en) coe Na Lol do9ie0) Pewult "ae. > Asan Cgc poe sypes § Seg — Fosyico (Lovo) ees CRS Negative cal Pettive Goaic - Bosco (tow) =v | D saa-t Boolean Algebra Be poolean Algebra id Wed To analyse and _Aimplify he ae Laegic) Breaiss Huse) aniy ey sh + ee © ane t. Gt ik ‘alin “cated “as "Pinay “Aye AY Sogieal Allgebra," Ruste. fo Boolean ~Algehres — Variable Une can have only wo ated - Pinoy J go HIGH and Pinay o eo vo Romblesnest Mamie MR cic. fh epresented by an overbar Co). Thug dieamplertte e] Walable Ris sepres erctag! UB, ‘Thuy YP Bao Hen B=) and pay then B=0, 3) ORtng Of The Wariables 14 represented) by a, plu (ty Siy Bl them, Poy Cxample |” Oking A By cay Seprelemted a) A-+ BEC. i) torical ANDINg gy twos oy More Variable 1) >epredenped By tomitiag q det bho them sun, a4 A. 2. 70F Sometima. othe dot prey be orttted Lilee Abe, f clean’ awh) + | ane 64y pel a ee D Commetettve fause ~ eo ee Commirtative ous tated the changing the equance the variables — cloet met have any ete the oubpep G8 fyic cit Ue Aa Binavy Operation eohich alison the lowing i ist Nivel we eens ‘ OL PMeHion ~ ja Pwenned —fo ay Commu Peraly DRE = e-A si a 9) A+B) = Bt 12 @ ASsoeiatye Gaus? — Re aia in which the dae Rs Lowe, pistes that “the order Operation, ane. Peston {4 jnovel evant io Phas, Heck if . [Pat otetes ANNO} than two Variables he. mine lipo Lin seats, Ae cpeveton Performed 2) Naniabes ea} I CAA beet aan CAtelte = A+ ete) i Nlanib lea iM an PA ati ee TP 83 eon $00 | Dtatas| the dalewiny Come tier , PCB Hey i). ABT Ac. ® AND fous ¢— Mee) Oona Gre the | prio Operation . Therefore ae) ae Cathe ah “CAND! fasss, ¢ i Hs Ano =0 te. Das with ao, alioa sesults 40 2 ovapus) WD tai ln ; Cie. Auioing ey A coh Fat; mets tp nD) Oy ees (le. ANoing Sf an Snput ith bat oil Produce He — Dame. Ob put. oe 5. A =0) tf “BNDIng 9) an Inpet with it Complement J Pete” Ty © output) 5» OR dows Wher fous “ure the OR Opernlion, Thensyere, they ade, Catted as OR Qarwos, f 1) Ato =A» [ORing an ip witho, results in the ojp ual “tof WD A +1 =4 Cetiy an Sip coith |, Alo reluls iq igh olp) Wid AtA =A Coting an Sip whi ely, meult in the ame o1Py 1) AAA oA Cais an aad aye lg cy 6) ever INVERSION Jaw? f a fous “ney the Not, operation . ibe ior aa Atal) that double Ffnverdien GF % Neanjable srerelts original Vasiable i4ael{- ae,Losfeal Operatiars he" 3 Main Sopic Operators anes ) -AND OPerator 2) OR Operator Y LAND Operaty?= > The ANo Operation Producer iq AL the ‘inputs ane 3) NoT Openttar Cinvert) dey teh U1). >I any on, sy ‘ Or both .9)— are Sous. (0) then Batipep will be The AND” aBonctten | ty implemerted by 9 Aagie chusit led AnD ge Ts Symbol fh Low's) ie howls) Low(lo Sa fp el ‘ Higy a2 High) # D—teow mrp. le tow ® vir ae U + [AND operations) 4 The "AND" operator Papraenty Logical mulniplication » Th (4 by a dot Ble the 1S, Narjebles te be MHP lied ab feed) egal muttipyaatin i be muttiplied with A fn a ogi, Oeil He OD ie rice 2 ea ee and ab ay tea q Sead ot \ a A ANO gli > the OR- operctten Produces y HxGH (4) Output when any One on atl the. fnputy ane HIGH 1) eee [eet WIN Produce Ja lllbus. (Le) Output only — ‘ : SPS ane. Jow lo), aR cit \ ot, | 3 We on operation” implemented by 9 toi Cech, | Caled os OR. gabe TE dumben ay | ie De — Lowe) co > Hb (19 howls) Low (0) t ie.dow) = WAIGHLY Pe HHH LD oe Hoon Lo yD soy) | The OR — Operalicn [+ 2 The ' or" Operator Depreseriis Soyial additio . Tt Ly denote, By a la Sign jus the too Variables \tto be added, 2D FA and B we to be added fn a bepfe rut Ber aq » Deperenef |) OP - AFB de ical Addition, > Andi aie ao he syead) as VA lo ReaB a A! ® LNOT Oftsator (_Joventiny #-] 2 ia NOT Oferalian seprelegk a Logical Trveio or ing. Thy i ‘ 9 Opp tat eae a ee @ wihen the! Sle) tat cy che OVP WiLL be Low We) a when the 31p is dow,to)), hey iol PANES tsa herah Low ey Le HOH LD * The | Not O peradjon | , 2 The Not operition ih fmplemented “by re Sogical ae Called jnventer. Tt Symbol, J - ee ee The "Nor operation represen a Lorial foversion OO Complememling - & Pdi be HT oH UD 3 Te "Not" operalin fA ‘dencted By 4 tea the Vanjable ts be Inverted . | lor &4- A f4 to be fnvtercted then the Proce rvewien f4 densted by A ahd ak by te Sead od “oT ALN | ! fig le=—8 De Morgan, “Theorern s— The -wo theorems Supgestea| by Me~ Morgen and which are Extremely Wnetud | fr eaoean JAgebrg Vat 08 foltowss — all (Powertools wred in, disc TReorem J ¢— BE A 6 iy 2 Bubbled OR) i Thi Theorem Atetd thet aka Complement d % — Prodhed 3 equol te addition a the Comptements . The Lot hand dyde (Las) this theorem — ep resenly RUNAND pete lott! gip~ A and By woherea, the rigly hana Kide CRys) J the! thesem teprener on OR gote, with SWerteq Sqpats Thi OR gate 4 Called as Reb ble of , 2 oe ee NAND = Bubbled og =) p- 7 > Are ae Bubbled OR. i) Neng ycationn Oe- Morgan, — Pa ctheorem o— fiesion ges[Theores ar 3— A+B = AB + (Nok = Gubble| ANDI: Thi theoser Alates that the, Complemens + q Aun 14 equal —tp product complemen The US of this theorem nopresentls a Nok gate. with Srpah A and B wheusd jhe ys. repesenii an -AND gate toh foverted foputs. , “This AN gee Called as “Bubble? AND. ’ Thurs We Gan tate Qe- Mrrgaitd 9h thenem as. [RO oaablat 0)ee: +2 eT Te | sai a wre site Cinutts a bullion blocks oh spy, digital Oye > St 73 an electranic crraul having one. Or More Snpats ; ely Me Gutputs y Dees} The Serie je ane Cleat fied ioe 3 cies Dane BD Bate gas L a d 1) AND joe _ b) NoT Gite, i) OR gate 2 Usivertal gatas — i) NAND Anes i ii) Nor ae a] ‘ 3) Special type \— ¥ i) Ex-OR gale | nh)! Ex- Nek ea y a {ANO gate | * 3 An AND gate ho) two'or Mene Input and only me. Output siich BD equal te the product é all Snputs. IS poyorms the tagtial mubtipliation om SAY Smpab- The eatput i high a0 ood oy ath -the Inpati F. ay ae : A 1 j F The Outpt {4 Low Toy, fy wteadt one J “the ]p {4 loots The Hegiesl Symbol gf 2 ter Sande ab . AND ¥ = : | aa) se {2 y tant 2 20 | fh and @ ane the Snpaty hs) 14 the. Outputga. Stelaling the Sapa Called ad the Peoleat epprewicn. 7 Snput AND ge WF)© oR eS TT * op" gata Poyorms the Logical additien om Sts Spits S+ has too or ‘more anc and only One Cuctpa The Gutput 3s equal 40 the" Sum gf atl Snput choyic Symbols] prae => —y loiput) Y= age [Ty able * SY one oe the onpds th huh Ly y thin dh 1 abo rm a) “8 ee me then Both dhe np Ore Low le), the output a allo dow Lo) [.eeciean equetiso +] Y= A+e Mau \efple Snput OR Pe oo * ae Ce a '[ining Siegen Crd epost] Te Saput and (Biapd Nollage omveprrs fe ME Pilved lepentlion fa te Snput R ge at 4 a ios a ie Onput 6 ee a a o ef, fel ; | Output y a ae Anterva) <—S—_Se— ——$ a. t pf TV. ¥ Summar Ey. | operation -- a Ste rval , Snpuk Ouapet y od 7 oo x ' = ? ar e yl ; oO y ; ; cL ze f The OR W available TH Ahe Monolithic inlepretad chat gor TC AyS2 , Exampie )| £ Not fate Snverten s- | ie) The Not gate or Smeten fh 4 Boye gle having 4 snpet (AD and “one utper CY), | ac fall Synbit — Bubble (Represents Inversion) Snput A {> output y The NoT gate dy alto -knowoh af an Tvepten’ became str Odlput “jp. inverted Ventin oy “comple meg” Jj w np « 4 The Bubble le) in the Symbol @ Nor gate 40 dicates Thversion J ; Boolean ja ee enSpeial Tre “ Guat oF Revived oe FO id ex-nok GUM EE sg cc. erat jigan he. applications Such ah hol addon , ful addin and Sub Practers x [Tre Ox 08 Gate | “The Exclusive - OR gate M4 alto cabled €2%-OR poem Sometimes as X-OR gate. An OX-OR gate can” have two gr more than tywsxo Input terminal and One Output Serminal , \ : ae) e: Y= a@e + Jymbel FA a Hoo Sip (EARR Gabe eal a7 ae ee i © eet , 1 is D+ * — Sumbel a 4 Sp ER-OR gate ; Ee aine Malsuthitable a two 3[p KHOR uohich Shows thet , when both She input ane fdentical [A=6), f the eutpul is Dow (0), le. Yoo geri =8 © Ou (ee a io the Output fA | U) wher AFB. 4 € Boolean expreul He ie Pe en dev Ex-oR gece as c A@B d G | Snput utp a te 4 i ° ‘ by Pe B r fo 6 ° \ ! ° ) | o pr+ Tnteg Diggory a two Soper oni gee + GD =e BH ah Butpuf> Noltape Waveformh gam the palace Er men art a alee input Ex- OR gate. ase a r ma ae Niele onpet B = 1 vas) ra 4 oitpt of of BM |e __ no Onto) <— sae ake FE Brains the nlewe) z, a7 and Ww , the Snput Voltages “qn iclemtica! i.e. A=B, herelne the Oedpul Y=o, Lahenral in The intewaly “IT and TW the SIP Voltoges ane ob idenbea) UA #8), Therefore the Outpt voltage “y= LHEGH). == tae. Three SIP @x-oR ee Me «3 A oe + Application of €x-ofs- DAs a magnitude Comparator. Ah the binary. te rey wae Conv D Tn the adden and Subbracien Cinusite . W) Th the Paty genenth 5) AS a Module -2 (ait OO SO)4 “The EX-NOR Guite “The lord €x-NOR 14 a Shosct Jorm exelulive- Nok, Crolusive ~ NoR meanh NoT- exchulive OR, Ex -AlOR Gate ® equivalent ce an CA-OR Gale Aollowed by Qa Not cor a ae + Symbol of a two snp Ex-NOR pate . “The Pootean exprenrion for an €x-Nok gate ds y= A@e A awe Snput EX=Nok dats. — _ neat Qudtpat Ai: | ied ahi il ° | | : ° | ee ‘ | 0 | o ile’ py. Bi Atae do: ee ars ee | + Sip) shpat A and 8 aha. fdeniea| Ahoving the caer ib high U) dung. hor. et e Hemaining Forlenvels A#B theugere the & oy so You to).a ~# Univasd® Gotas- ®D “Tre NAND and Nok Guted are Called ay" Linivertall Gates Precuuse at iy posstble —to implement any Poolean Expreaian with the help g only NIAND & only Nok ates 4 Hente 4 Urner can build any Combinational — Cinutt oith the help ef only NAND ge or ey Nok Gre. + Th i} 9 thet advand Bez a unr will have to make. Q lock A call NAND or NOR ja Tes, t) Peolean Expresyon -— \ = Are Here A +6 wenemd an OR gate whereor the b f a aes ag foversion or d bar (overhead Ine) Complement - Path table s— Snpwt Gutput aa \ i 5 1 On 5 | ° , \ ) ° “The 4puth —bble Gf antwe snput Nor Ws Dhouad thal \ fhe Oubpub 9 4 ~ Nog fy Thigh Uy ont is Inputs ane te) “Tat a os 4 The ol Nok Jato jh low (0), YY any ene or ee ost iy ee 9S a i Mok gate, ee Nano gate Can be. Wired a) unfrertel sate.