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Tutorial Exercise - Chap 7 - Iteration

The document discusses iteration and looping constructs in C programming, including for and while loops. It provides examples of rewriting loops using different structures, and questions about the behavior and proper use of accumulators, counters, sentinels, and nested loops. Key topics covered include accumulation, counting, the necessary elements of counter-controlled loops, and identifying the output of nested and single loop examples.

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Yaaneshwaran Chandran
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54 views4 pages

Tutorial Exercise - Chap 7 - Iteration

The document discusses iteration and looping constructs in C programming, including for and while loops. It provides examples of rewriting loops using different structures, and questions about the behavior and proper use of accumulators, counters, sentinels, and nested loops. Key topics covered include accumulation, counting, the necessary elements of counter-controlled loops, and identifying the output of nested and single loop examples.

Uploaded by

Yaaneshwaran Chandran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FSC1331 – Introduction to Programming Tutorial

Chapter 7 – Iteration

1. Rewrite these while loops using the for statements.

x = 14; y = 65;
While (x >= 3) while (y <= 85)
{ {
printf(“%i\n”, x); printf(“%i\n”, y);
x -= 5; y += 5;
} }

2. Rewrite these for statements using while loops.


x = 250;
for (; x >= 100; x -= 50)
printf(“%i\n”, x);

for (y = 1226; y <= 1426; y += 2)


printf(“%i\n”,y);

3. What will be the output be from the following program segment?


for (a = 1; a <= 5; ++a)
{
printf(“%i”, a);
for (b = a; b >= 1; --b)
printf(“%i”, b);
printf(“\n”);
}
printf(“%i %i\n”, a, b);

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FSC1331 – Introduction to Programming Tutorial

4. Which of the following code segment is functionally equivalent to the statement


below?
y += a * c++;
a. y += a * ++c;
b. y = (y + a) * c; c++;
c. y = y + a * c; c++;
d. c++; y = y + a * c;
e. none of the above

5. Use the following code to answer questions (i) to (x).


int t = 0; b = 0; s = 0; z = 0;
scanf(“%i”, &t);
{
s += t;
++z; (z = z+1; z++ || ++z z = 1+z)
scanf(“%i”, &t);
}
b = s / z;

i. Which of the variable is called an accumulator variable?


ii. Which of the variable is called a counter variable?
iii. Which of the variable is tested against a sentinel?
iv. Is it necessary to initialize t to zero in the code?
v. –1 is known as what?
vi. Is it necessary to initialize z to zero in the code?
vii. Is it necessary to initialize b to zero in the code?
viii. Is it necessary to initialize s to zero in the code?
ix. All for loop can be rewritten as a while loop.
x. All for loop counter variables must be incremented/decremented with either
++ or --
Sentinel - value when reached terminates
loop condition
6. How does accumulation work?
7. Why is initialization of an accumulator variable important?
8. How does counting differ from accumulation?
9. What five elements are necessary in a counter-controlled loop?
10. State the possible error found within the for loop statement below.

for (; x >= 100; x -= 50)


printf(“%d\n”, x);

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FSC1331 – Introduction to Programming Tutorial

11. State the output produce by the following C codes.


int x = 1;
for (x=11; x >= 1; x -= 3)
printf(“%4i”, x * x);

12. Given the following C program, indicate the output produce.


void main( void)

{ int i = 0, x = 0;

for (i = 1; i < 20; i *= 2)


{
x++;
printf(“%4i ”, x);
}
printf(“\nx = %i”, i);
}

13. Rewrite the following while loops using double for loop statements.
x = 14;
while (x >= 3)
{
printf(“%d”, x);
x -= 5;
}

y = x;
while (y <= 85)
{
printf(“%d”, y);
y += 5;
}

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FSC1331 – Introduction to Programming Tutorial

Answer questions (i) through (iii) by using the following C codes.

#include <stdio.h>
main( )
{
int a, b;
for (a = 1; a < 3; ++a)
for (b = 1; b <= 3; b++)
printf(“%4d”, a+b);
}

i. Indicate what would be the final value stored in variable a?

ii. Indicate what would be the final value stored in variable b?

iii. Indicate the output produce by the program.

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