Physical Examination
Physical Examination
Physical Examination
Appearance: Anxious/Pleisant/cheerful/depressed/worried.
Speech: Coherent/incoherent
Height in cm
Weight in kg
Inference:
Vital signs
Temperature
Pulse
Respiration
Blood pressure
HEAD TO FOOT ASSESSMENT
Skin
Inspection
Color - pallor/cyanosis/Erythema/Jaundice hyper or hypopigmentation
Lesions -primarylesions-macule/papule/Vesicle/nodule/wheal, pustule/cyst
Secondary lesion-erosion/ulcer/fissure/scaler/crust/scar/keloicl/lichennification
Palpation
Temperature - Warm/ cold and clammy
Moisture: Dryness/ smooth/ excessive moisture -
Texture - Soft/Rough/Thick
Turgor - Flexible/Elastic/Hard inelastic
Edema: Present/Absent/ pitting or Not, Grade.
Nails
Color -pink/cyanosis/pale
Cleanliness - clean/unclean.
Clubbing/Beau's line/koilonychias /splinter hemorrhage/paronychia
Capillary refill time :
Head
Size - Hydrocephalous/ Normocephalic/Microcephaly
Shape – Rounded/ oval
Symmetry/contour - Symmetrical/abnormal counter due to trauma , surgery
Face - pale/flushing/puffiness/edema
Facial feature: symmetric/ not
Eyes
Eyebrows
Symmetry -Aligned symmetrical/non symmetrical
Distribution -Eventually/loss of hair
Movement of brows: movable/Not movable
Eye lids
Color: Same as skin/not
Presence of ectropion/entropin/edema/ptosis/lesions
Eye lashes
Distribution -Eventually/not
Presence of follicle/stye/infection/dandruff
Lacrimal gland
Edema/ redness/excessive tear
Tenderness: present/ not
Conjunctiva
Normal/pallor/yellow/reddish/conjunctivitis/subconjuctival hemorrhage
Sclera
Color - white/changes
Cornea
Transparent, smooth, shiny or cloudy/ abrasions/irregular surface
Eye ball: protruded/sunken/Normal
Iris: Black/blue/brown/cloudy
Pupil -Dilated/pinpoint
PERRLA: Pupils equally rounded reactive to light and accommodation
Visual acuity - Normal/myopia/hyperopia/presbiopia.
Using aids - spectacles/lens
Extra Ocular movements: Possible/Not possible
Peripheral vision; Normal co-ordinated/Not
Ears
Inspection
Color - normal as face/not
Bleeding/lesions/masses/impacted cerumen/foreign bodies & discharges
Deformities: microtia /anotia /low set ears/other deformities
Palpation –Tenderness present / not
Heart
Inspection
Visible Pulsation: present/absent
Scar - present/absent/implanted devices
Palpation
Apical pulse/beat - present/absent, -- b/mt
Masses /nodes
Percussion: Dullness
Auscultation
Heart sound-s1 &s2 heard
S3 & s4 gallop/murmur/Friction rub.
Abdomen
Inspection
Shape/skincolor/dilatedveins/visibleperistalsis/striae/lesions/rashes/hernia/mass/
ascites
Umbilicus:
Auscultation
Bowel sound: -- /mt
Palpation
Tenderness/mass/rebound tenderness
Abdominal girth:
Percussion - Tympani/dullness
Genitalia
Discharge/lesions/infections
Nocturia, dysuria, incontinence, dribbling, polyuria, infection, frequency,
urgency, hematuria
Female: problems with menstruation/vaginal discharge
Male: pain/sore/discharge/swelling
Extremities
ROM/paim/swelling/edema/varicose vein/pulses/paralysis/deformities
Reflexes
Deep tendon: Biceps, triceps, brachioradialis, patellar, Achilles
Superficial: Corneal, Plantar, Gag, abdominal
Inference