The document discusses fiber optics, including its definition, working principle, and technologies. Fiber optic uses glass or plastic fibers to transmit light signals and information over long distances at high speeds. It works by total internal reflection of light within the core of the fiber. Key technologies discussed include point-to-point, which connects customers directly to central offices, and point-to-multipoint (FTTx), which connects multiple customers through nodes or distribution points using various access methods like FTTH, FTTB, and FTTN.
The document discusses fiber optics, including its definition, working principle, and technologies. Fiber optic uses glass or plastic fibers to transmit light signals and information over long distances at high speeds. It works by total internal reflection of light within the core of the fiber. Key technologies discussed include point-to-point, which connects customers directly to central offices, and point-to-multipoint (FTTx), which connects multiple customers through nodes or distribution points using various access methods like FTTH, FTTB, and FTTN.
The document discusses fiber optics, including its definition, working principle, and technologies. Fiber optic uses glass or plastic fibers to transmit light signals and information over long distances at high speeds. It works by total internal reflection of light within the core of the fiber. Key technologies discussed include point-to-point, which connects customers directly to central offices, and point-to-multipoint (FTTx), which connects multiple customers through nodes or distribution points using various access methods like FTTH, FTTB, and FTTN.
The document discusses fiber optics, including its definition, working principle, and technologies. Fiber optic uses glass or plastic fibers to transmit light signals and information over long distances at high speeds. It works by total internal reflection of light within the core of the fiber. Key technologies discussed include point-to-point, which connects customers directly to central offices, and point-to-multipoint (FTTx), which connects multiple customers through nodes or distribution points using various access methods like FTTH, FTTB, and FTTN.
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1/ 9
FIBER OPTICS
GURU: Suryanto,S.KOM
COMPILED BY: Moh Magribi (XI TKJ B) SMK YADIKA PALU 2022/2021 FOREWORD Praise and gratitude we pray for the presence of Allah SWT who has bestowed His mercy and hidayah.For the blessings of His mercy and hidayat as well as various efforts, the assignment of the Broad-Based Network Technology (WAN) subject paper that discusses Fiber Optics can be completed properly and on time. In the preparation of this paper, it was written based on books and information related to Fiber Optics.The author realizes that this paper is still not perfect. For this reason, it is hoped that various inputs that are constructive for the sake of perfection.
Finally, hopefully this paper can bring benefits to readers
palu,September 7, 2022
Moh Magribi TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION..................................................1 1.1 BACKGROUND PROBLEM..........................................2 CHAPTER II DISCUSSION.......................................................3 2.1 Definition of Fiber Optic..............................................4 2.2 Working Principle fo.........................................………….. .5 2.3 Teknologi Point To Point FO……………………………………..6 2.4 Teknologi point To MultiPoint…………….……………………7 CHAPTER III CLOSING........................................................... .8 CONCLUSION.........................................................................9 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Problem
Fiber optic is one of the transmission media that can transmit information with a large capacity with high reliability. At the beginning of its use, optical fiber was used as a means of transmission over long distances. With a very high transmission speed, optical fiber is very well used as a communication channel. However, along with the development of its utilization, optical fiber is also widely used as a sensor. Optical fiber used as a means of long-distance transmission is glass optical fiber, while for sensors plastic fiber optics are used. Plastic fiber optics were developed as sensors because they are easy to change and easier to treat. This treatment can be in the form of heating, giving connection material, pressure, indentation or by giving treatment with the replacement of cladding or protective jackets. Changes in light intensity in optical fibers are caused by several things, including absorption, Rayleigh beams, Fresnel reflection and weakening due to bending.
BAB II DISCUSSION
2.1 Definition of Fiber Optics
Optical fiber is one of the types of cables made of very fine glass or plastic (120 micrometers in diameter, smaller than a human hair), which is used as a transmission medium. This cable can transmit light signals from one location to another at an optimal speed. Transmission can be done at high speeds because the working system uses light refraction. While the light used for the transmission process is LED or laser. Because it has a high speed, optical fiber is widely used as a communication channel, so that users can reach others at optimal speeds as well.
2.2 Working Principle of Optical Fiber (FO)
Fiber optic structure coating consists of several arrangements, namely Cladding, Core, and Buffer. The core or core is a thin glass fiber that becomes a running light medium, so that light delivery can be carried out. Cladding is the outer layer that protects the core and reflects back the light radiating outwards back into the core. While the Buffer Coating is a plastic casing that aims to protect the fibers from damage caused by cable arches and external disturbances such as moisture. The working principle of Optical fiber depends on the principle of the amount of internal reflection. Light reflection or refracted based on the angles that attack the surface. This principle centers on how optical fibers work Limiting the angle at which the light waves are sent makes it possible to efficiently control until the anoint. The light wave is covered with the core of the optical fiber, in the same case that the frequency of the radio signal is covered with coaxial cable. The light waves are directed to the ends of the fibers by being reflected inside the core. Fiber optic cable is usually applied to telecommunications network infrastructure, for example on telephone networks and computer networks. 2.3 Teknologi Point To Point FO Point-to-Point (OLT) technology in fiber optic has a distance from customers with central offices can reach up to 80 kilometers, and each customer is provided with one dedicated fiber optic with full bi-directional bandwidth. One of these point to point active architectures is the DLC or Digital Loop Carrier. Star (Point to Multipoint / Active Optical Network / AON), an architecture with a number of customer devices connected together utilizing one feeder cable through a remote node located between the central office and the customer. A remote node is capable of serving up to 1000 customer terminals.
2.4 Teknologi Point To MultiPoint (FTTx)
FTTx (Fiber for x) is an umbrella term for all fiber optic-based (broadband) network architectures that provide data access to customers. In practice, FTTx is divided into two groups, namely FTTP / FTTH / FTTB (fiber optic connection for the customer's location) and FTTC / N (fiber optic connection, which grabs only a specific distribution point, while the connection to the customer is wearing a tembagal cable).
FTTx consists of:
1. FTTP (fiber-to-the-premises): is a fiber optic cable-based data connection to the
customer's premises. The term is used to describe the connection of optical fibers for FTTH and FTTB. 2. FTTH (fiber-to-the-home): a fiber-optic-based data connection that reaches the customer's home, usually in the form of a box mounted on the outer wall of the home. Or you can also enter the house where the ONU (optical network unit) / ONT (optical network terminal) is located. And passive fiber optic and point-to- point ethernet networks use the FTTH architecture to provide three services at once (telephone, internet access, and IP-based TV) in a single optical fiber. 3. FTTB (fiber-to-the-building, -business, or -basement): fiber-based optical data connection to reach the building. From there, access to customers in a room in the building is carried out using other media, it can be wired ethernet, cable TV, or telephone lines. 4. FTTdp (fibre to the distribution point): a fiber optic-based data connection that only reaches the distribution box located a few meters from the customer's home or building. 5. FTTN/FTTLA (fiber-to-the-node, -neighborhood, or -last-amplifier): fiber optic- based data connections only to distribution points are usually located on the side of the road. The distribution box is located a few meters for several kilometers from the customer's location. From here, the data will be passed on to customers who use copper wires. FTTN is often used as the first step in the implementation of FTTH (fiber-to-the-home). 6. FTTC/FTTK (fiber-to-the-curb/kerb, -closet, or -cabinet): fiber optic-based data connection for distribution panels in the form of small roadside cabinets. This method is similar to FTTN, but FTTC/FTTK is usually closer to the customer's location (usually less than three hundred meters). From here, the data will be distributed to customers using Ethernet cables, power cables, or Wi-Fi. FTTC is sometimes also called FTTP (fiber-to-the-pole), so it often overlaps with fiber-to- the-premises.
CHAPTER III COVER
CONCLUSION: Fiber optic is a light transmission channel (transfer of information from one place to another using a light signal). Optical Fiber is made of glass fiber and its shape is long and thin and has the diameter of a human hair. This glass fiber is a specially made fiber made of pure glass material and then processed into a form of cable reel so that it can be used to pass the data you want to send or receive. . In the communication system using fiber optics, the information signal passing by inside is relatively more immune to interference from the outside because it is in the form of light. The light will not be disturbed by high-voltage electricity, will not be disturbed by the air temperature both hot and cold, and also not disturbed by the surrounding radio frequencies. This optical fiber consists of several parts, namely Cladding, Core, and Buffer Coating. The core is a thin glass that is the core part of the optical fiber and becomes a place where light travels so that light delivery can be carried out. Cladding is an outer layer that wraps around the Core and reflects back the light radiating out back into the Core. While buffer coating is a plastic layer that protects fibers from damage and moisture. Core and Cladding are made of glass while Buffer or Coating is made of plastic to be flexible.
There are two types of fiber optics that are commonly used, namely Single Mode and Multi Mode.
