23143690
Q.No.2() tt is safe do stay inside an avtomobile donng
stom because charge yesides on 1! setface
a__tiont
2 metallic surface
The _met alllic of the avtomebile _alon
insulahon cloesn’t tet the
stuchre
of inte viov
with
oa,
choige enter
= AS flux is given by
@ = "ER = 6. i
ko
a Ef
When =
E.a where A #0
SO ee aes
= This canbe _ proved by cere @_gavssian
inside cay where E=-0 and V thos testay sofe.
Q.No. 2 (ii) GIVEN DATA
Qy= x10 Fe « Qu a VRID oS 2
t= \Ioem= 0- 16m ae ae
REQUIRED A point bys GQ. and qs where V=o let P
SOLUTION let potental at P is:
Vi+N, = 0 > Vis -Va
As V= ka, a ky, = = KA
+ ot Ya
mW =-S. » (OxO EY = = (-3x10*C)
wy ve % o- 16 - ©
5 (0--x) = 3% 3 0-8 -SK= 3x
0.% = Sx = me =0-4-m
o.1G-« = 0-06m
N=0 at o-1m from 6x10°*C charge ,and 0-06m from — 4 MMU
Q.No. 21) The power rans ferred to the
load is maximum when the
Acad ‘esistance is equal 10
sovice _vesisfance. »
> fie codifton at nen. poten Ten eam RE
whete Ris load resistance and
source
vesistance-
= Waited) Je Pp =e?
4r
= The power loss at load is maximum because
of reduced value of resistance and large
E f d
vawe of T =
+ sm
¥
Le al 23143690
@.No.2( —2Two_straignt wires _ploced _parailet_and
corvying _eovrent in opposite _direcion te pel each other.
= The _teason on this is z -
Similar__mature lof magnetic whl ets
field between ahem il eaee (ele
The wire 1” developf magnetic * “HW ***E--
fetid around themselues Vand) exert force on
each Olhey as: "
Fa = IL By sine 2 Fa = ILB, sin&
> The ‘similax poles between them will
add up the net effect Of magehe fied
"B= 8, + Bi ‘ . u
thus causin xepulsion
4 p
@. No. 2 (vi) “Ga\vanometer is a device which
detects smat(_ amount of current
in the circuit. 7
=> For the conversion of _qalvan ometer into a
volkmeter, a hign tesistance | Ry & connededin
series with ib
= “The value of hiqn resis tance foy SmA
Th loo 2 Rg and V of a0 V can be
found as:
Ru- Vi - Ry = 20 - \oo {MMU 3
ano. 2win—O efficient 41 =the
whose _inpot power is equal the / power
Pin = Foor > Vplp= Vele
Bs An efficient. stepup Wansfommer cannot
make Po 7 Pinp Yathey it "prevents ihe
losses dhat could fesult at The _ out pot
= It meveases Secondary Vollage and reduces
Secondary corrent fo! Keep the power
Oorput equivalent to mput
TNs 7Np , Vs 7Vp, s
he 7
= By enenqy wavelength fee ‘Le b piay
= tquating: 9m, = Aymy 9 [evr = oh saz 23143690
.No. 2 (ix) 2 Pe capacitive __crcrt doesn’t dissipake
powet ie power lose is xevo
= In __ capacitive _cirevit, Vand I are 10°
oot of phase. Fy
= Pow ex is given by eet
Pe Vi cosO
= Vi wsdo” r
= © (C+: cos90° = Ne
= “The Negative Power ig equol
fo ___ positive powey in_one ujde thus average
J
pote y loss is Kero.
When Vis max ABA AZ
20 satan! of eases ATTAIN
= Pic max when boih are max woo
Q.No.2(x) >in RL _serios circuit the current lage: behind
dhe voltage by a
= In teste “eievit, Yo and ot ere in phase — =e
In _inducive citcvit, WV leads I by do “Ty
In RL cCuevit, the Vileads Eby Cp whee
5
Or< cp <40° vu Vea
= The phase angle can_be tae Eves.
und bi impedance Hiangie. T
& c = san
ce
t
ie
Ge ton ky
R
= al aa
23143690
F's NII
a
Q.No. 2 (xii) => Duchle material Whe one which goes
\nvovgh _ plastic deformatian before a eek fier
veaching the elastic limit or yicid a
+ The © duchte material R eats
events [ elonqales Ineaity al *
in AB “powion ofewe Vg fi
(Stless of Shain) unht & o
AfierB, (qietd_point Jelaske
Timit ) Shouis mow stain
for__less chess jne, + hos éniered plastic tegen
In plastic Yegion, sh is Gefwned Til vis”
(clkmate lense SWess) and bieoks at D by
¢
frocture sttess (SE
® ‘straince)
Le al Q. No. 2 (xiv) 7
a lie cera 23143690
“in half w
conducts only one hal AC
Signal_and “produces _ pulsating OC .”
= In positive “half qdefo-t,)
diode is foward biased and
Ploduces cutpot aevess _R
Q. No. 2 (xv)
3 In negative cyce (2-1)
dicdeis reverse based and
mo Ve is oblaned at R
> Step down transformer is
vsed and fox smo’ Anesing q
of Pullsatag DC, fier cucwit sued, ga VAY FY
Frequenty,.,.7 Prequen: o5 i
= queretaugar Frequerctingse 38 pescirg De
Q.No.2 (xv Kis _amplificahon factor _of common base
configeration And qwen
we Te where die © Wee Ts
Te
a= Te 5 ae Tee, ps
= Bis amplificaicy actor /eorent qaio of common
emitter confiqeiation cind's qiven’ by:
= c =
Te
et Teor
Te —te. 23143690
GIVEN DATA
Q. No. 2 (xvii)
at
= lots
REQUIRED
OE =)
SOLUTION
(SEDC 4t) =
ae= oh
ae
where = Plancks constant = 6-63% 107% Ts
Oe= 663.10 Ts
lo* Ss cg ——_ININNNNLUNINNNT gaz
23143650
Q. No. 2 (x GIVEN
Second ne { Paschen _sevies 5
n= 3 p-5
REQUIRED
=
SOLUTION
1 R(t -t)y
¥ ih pid
Lo = (1.09 x10 fi) Mh sik
=e Cs = 7
is \eod x1i07 mx 16
» 225
= Wasa Ui Ss ea
x Fas Hn
[Ke 129073 om] ee
CR No. 2 (xx).
en
a
Q = Energy of (Th - Pa - B)
= Thorivm: ‘
Am= 224.048
Ey, > (234.0436) (43) Mev )
= _217994.5916 Mev *
ipa Phin
am = o4284
Ene 5 042%) (93!)
= QT 46 BMev
a ou
= area
coos S$) (94) = 0-8
44 .SUN6 — 217493.% Saay
32715 Mev
24 * 1O"T, OVI 000 i.
23143690
Q. No. 3 (Page 1/6)
a
CHARGING OF CAPACITOR
= When capacitor is conneded to the vollage
sovtee , Whe corvent /charqes stort davai
on its lates and Yeach Whe maximom
vaWwe ak eo _ (equilibrium charge )
=> Fa “qrousth of chatge, “Whe alieady
present ones cause ‘epvision thes ©
ime taken for charqing. increases
= We __ process of chekging is fast in the
Bequoning and slows data" once 5, ap proches
MeL Nalue.
— The _ prackcal_/Men-ideal capacitor never
charges to 1oo’% vather it fowows
exponential growth:
ieee (aes
where RE Aime constant . (spea fic)
= When stime of charging (ty is one
Lime constant Jive, t =RU The 9
capadtey is 63%. charged.
= 637.
= Me circuk consists of capactev_and &
tesisioy and a two | , ¥
Ra Gey Oo
2 — . t
ry as v
¥ t
= Moleniale [itn ema Rc get =
charged rapidly than those wilh loge RC
RC has | dimensions of me.
all UONU AN RMON 1
i6 23148690
@.No.3 (Page 216) DISCHARGING OF CAPACITOR
<= When batlery is disconndled the capacitor
dischaiges Y Thyough _tesistov.
> the ‘ charge “falls to aq -o fonow in
exponential "law: t
4, = entree
> _\n the " beginning dischartqing i= fast
ee ee ae re
other plate fo Weutalize The chalge
bot eventually Jace vepuision due bY Similar
‘ site” sal yes.
= Id’ one time constant jie t=Re
copodley = 36% chaqmag Jor hos
86. 7 dischauged or has! 4 i of 2 vilibeium
q. =a. = chaige
Teas NSE RE
s
Sige ees
e >
= =i
b
AMPERE'S LAW
“©The som of all lenqih elements 48. _ into
ushich a closed loop has been divided
equals pe times the total current” -
win gag
S135
Q. No. 3 (Page 3/6) FORMULA eas
= By Nmperes Lows
Biot = pol
where in Amperian loop, SL = 27
Magnetic Fletp Due To CURRENT CARRYING
SOLENOID
+» Asdensid %s a coil
having, Several uns
When _conent
asses Through it, it develops
‘magnetic —_fietd ‘atound it“ tke What of ©
ba? magnet.
>is BB canbe found by Ampees law.
s N
it
od
DERIVATION
=> Consider a solenoid cating coment and
an amperfan loop. of Sods shape.
a The maqnetic field’ of Solenoicl ~esembley
bow magnet jie, South 16
Qolenoid
= By Ampores low:
= Bal, = pol
G.al, + @. dl + B. aly 4 Balas
pee
Bi coso®? + BL cosdo® + (©) al cosiso® + B Ly cosdo*= Mol
— coso®=4 , wos do = 0
AiG maa
= Cis couent Jor one loop . For W
loops, Lenginis | L
L
zal oe —_|| INNA
= fens pe nit length
L T
——__ [Be npn
This tS dhe expression o| _magqnehte fete
side A Wlemoid . : 7
UNITS AND DIRECTLON
\k is Meonuned in Tesla and
dveckion dekeamined be Flemings
tiant hand We. (avi Taged in a9
ditechon, Thumb worn pant foxovds @ )
— —
WEN
n= 15 _tuns al
dom
N= 1500 lems
mn
Kea= 2 cm> - 2 K107)* en?
A: 2 x10-7 m2
r 2A Ta= 4A
AT 2A
i. o Vs 2. No. 3 (Page 5/6)
a
23143690
REQUIRED
Induced emf =&
SOLUTION
The self inductance of coil is:
t= Mon? LA
Le Mx xt0' x 1500 % Im ¥ 2x10"
t= 8.97 % Jo"
Se Law
at
Gas 25
o-1
€= 154 x0 V ee a
Q. No. 3 (Page 6/6) sa |
23143690
IMpe DENCE
“The combined effect of all Yesistances
and _veactances. of a circuit is
called impedence.”
3 Wis a _Veder som a_i
= #2 B49
& ie
= a Rk - De [ a=
4
x 7 :
a re
\MPEDENCE OF RLC SERIES
>In _RLC Sevies AC circuit s
R SE oot
wb Xe
tL
Vv
£ey (Vi -Vey “gH gy
22
Q. No. 4 (Page 2/6) =>. Hien as. es pea eters anions
ve Ve" + U ViaVey®
Vi = Vat + (Ne-Ve)™
We" ss [ERA a Cs = Vee
Ks R® + (Ki-k&e > —th)
RESON ANCE
= s when ¥r=YXe
= aistive cat
= S ax
= I and Nae in phase pinay
Yu = he iy VY %
We
a oe ee ee Rei ee es
fu
er
- = non ornk _ Requeme
x We
aad 1 3 = |
ax fc 4x? LC
under toot on both den.
f= I ZB 51650
a.no4(pagesiey (Bp
R- RAYS
© Elechomagnetic woes ob wowelengih
tomm U one Y=vays"” N
CHARACTERISTIC KRAY
x Whenan e> _shikes he innedmest sheilicll
it vnocks of f the © fiom K shen.
=> e fiom t, M,N (hiqhe shells)
“pmp 40 fin Ihe vocomky in K
> Bu doind no thee rt
SGareull photch muse? enevay (Ss
isi 1 +o emenqy Uf ference of
ent =" . v
hf: Ep - En
=> The farqet atom shovid be heavy ive tongsten
= Ih canbe Pfoduced in x -1ay tye”
ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAM:
ca
Lab we
L| b/d
|
Ke [K [Fr
a LN i,
Energy, feyenay, Ky > Kp 7 Ku
2 Ky < Kp < Ke
= Cheracterishe *Iays ate also called ines Shell tions! he
l 4
al Fg NANO gg
aa ee te ae,
Q. No. 4 (Page 4/6) —___
Ce)
&, Ra
a b x
7
——————E
= , ee2)
— =
— d
$
In loop abe fa
=\R, - (i,-12)R, +€,=0
=\,0)) Ci, -bjya+ S$ =o
— 3), +3). +5 =0
=A, + Bi, = <5 =A).
\n loop bc deb
— Vet. SE, = Tee tRasn.
=la(2) =-10 = (2-1) 3 £0
Si, = 1 —-Gin +320
(Ayes + 8) A
1, #91, =-15
12), = 201, 4o
WV = aS
L | Q. No. 4 (Page 5/6)
(a> 2 — SC Vat) =
oY
t=" Sigh shows Covent is anttclockwi se
= Covent Anvough R= T 0-45 A
Covent dnrough Rs> Ta = 227A
Covent invodab Ry = 1:-T,= 132A r,
ore
26
Tasget
elawated 5
ee Congsten) ee
Q.No. 5 (Page 1/6) “sq KM ge
(Noose ee
a gis "sg MAE gg
Q.No.5 (Page 4/6) —— —
23143690
(NG (RONG) nr sy NNN ggg
k
Q. No. 5 (Page 6/6)
