PART A

1. Simulation of a simple calculator.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
main()
{
float a,b,result;
char op;
printf("Enter mathematical Expression\n");
scanf("%f%c%f",&a,&op,&b);
switch(op)
{
case '+':result=a+b;
break;
case '-':result=a-b;
break;
case '*':result=a*b;
break;
case '/':result=a/b;
break;
case '%':result=(int)a%(int)b;
break;
default:printf("Enter proper Expression\n");
exit(0);
}
printf("The result is %f",result);
}
2. Develop a program to compute the roots of a quadratic equation by accepting the
coefficients. Print appropriate messages.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
main()
{
float a,b,c,disc;

printf("Enter a , b and c values\n");

scanf("%f%f%f",&a,&b,&c);
if(a==0)
{
printf("invalid input\n");
exit(0);
}
disc=b*b-4*a*c;
if (disc==0)
{
printf("Roots are real and equal\n");
printf("Root1=Root2=%f \n",-b/(2*a));
}
else
if(disc>0)
{
printf("Roots are real and distinct\n");
printf("Root1= %f ",(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a));
printf("Root2= %f ",(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a));
}
else
{
printf("Roots are Imaginary\n");
printf("Root1= %f+i%f \n ",-b/(2*a),sqrt(fabs(disc))/(2*a));
printf("Root1= %f-i%f \n ",-b/(2*a),sqrt(fabs(disc))/(2*a));
}
}
3. An electricity board charges the following rates for the use of electricity:
For the First 200 units: 80 P per unit
For the Next 100 units: 90 P per unit
Beyond 300 units: Rs. 1.00 per unit
All users are charged a minimum of Rs. 100 as meter charge. If the total amount is more
than Rs. 400, then an additional surcharge of 15% of total amount is charged. Write a
program to read the name of the user and number of units consumed and print out the
charges

#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char name[20];
int units;
float amount;
printf("Enter the consumer's name\n");
scanf("%s",name);
printf("Enter the consumed units\n");
scanf("%d",&units);

if(units<=200)
amount=units*0.80;
else if (units<=300)
amount=(units-200)*0.90+160;
else
amount=units-50;

amount=amount+100;
if(amount>400)
amount=1.15*amount;

printf("\n Electricity Bill of %s is %f \n",name,amount);

}
4. Write a C Program to display the following by reading the number of rows as input,
1
121
12321
1234321
---------------------------
Nth row

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i,j,space,rows;
printf("Input number of rows :");
scanf("%d",&rows);
for(i=1; i<=rows; i++)
{
/* print blank spaces */
for(space = 1;space<= rows - i; space++)
printf(" ");
/* Display number in ascending order upto
middle*/
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
printf("%d",j);
/* Display number in reverse order after middle */
for(j=i-1;j>=1;j--)
printf("%d",j);
printf("\n");
}
}
5. Implement a Binary search on integers.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
main()
{
int i,a[10],n,key,low,mid,high;
printf("\n enter the size of array\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\n enter the elements in ascending order\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
printf("\n enter the number to be searched \n");
scanf("%d",&key);
low=0;
high=n-1;
while(low<=high)
{
mid=(high+low)/2;
if(key==a[mid])
{
printf("\n The number is found at %d position",mid+1);
exit(0);
}
if(key<a[mid])
high=mid-1;
else
low=mid+1;
}
printf("\n the number is not found \n");
}
6. Implement Matrix multiplication and validate the rules of multiplication.

#include <stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
main()
{
int a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10];
int m,n,p,q,i,j,k;

printf("\n Enter the order of the matrix A :");

scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);
printf("\n Enter the elements of matrix A \n");
for(i = 0 ; i < m ; i++)
for(j = 0 ; j < n ; j++)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
printf("\n Enter the order of the matrix B :");
scanf("%d%d",&p,&q);
printf("\n Enter the elements of matrix B \n");
for(i = 0 ; i < p ; i++)
for(j = 0 ; j < q ; j++)
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);

if(n!= p)
{
printf(“\n Matrix multiplication is not possible\n”);
exit(0);
}
for(i = 0 ; i < m ; i++)
for(j = 0 ; j < q ; j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(k = 0 ; k < n ; k++)
c[i][j] = c[i][j] + a[i][k] * b[k][j];
}

printf("\n MATRIX C \n");

for(i = 0 ; i < m ; i++)
{
 for(j = 0 ; j < q ; j++)
printf(" %d ", c[i][j]);
printf("\n");
}
}
7 . D e v e l o p a P ro g r a m t o c o m p u t e S i n ( x ) / C o s ( x ) u s i n g Ta y l o r s e r i e s
approximation.Compare your result with the built- in Library function. Print both the
results with appropriate messages.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

void main()
{
float x, sum_sin, sum_cos, term_sin, term_cos;
int i = 2;

printf("Enter degree:");
scanf("%f", &x);

x = x * (3.14159265 / 180); // Convert degrees to radians

term_sin = sum_sin = x;
term_cos = sum_cos = 1.0;

while (fabs(term_sin) > 0.000001 || fabs(term_cos) > 0.000001)

{
term_sin = -term_sin * x * x / (i * (i + 1));
term_cos = -term_cos * x * x / (i * (i - 1));
sum_sin = sum_sin + term_sin;
sum_cos = sum_cos + term_cos;
i = i + 2;
}

printf("Result using Taylor series approximation: %f\n", (sum_sin/sum_cos));

printf("Result using built-in library function: %f\n", sin(x)/cos(x));
// printf("Result using built-in library function: %f\n", tan(x));
}
8. Sort the given set of N numbers using Bubble sort.

#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i, j, n, num[20], temp;
printf("Enter the value of n\n");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter numbers\n");
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
scanf("%d", &num[i]);
for(i=0; i<n - 1 ; i++)
for(j=0; j<n -1- i ; j++)
if(num[j] > num[j+1])
{
temp = num[j];
num[j] = num[j+1];
num[j+1] = temp;
}
printf("\nSorted array is:");
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
printf("%d\t", num[i]);
}
9. Write functions to implement string operations such as compare, concatenate, string
length. Use the parameter passing techniques.

#include<stdio.h>
length(char str1[])
{
int i=0;
while(str1[i]!='\0')
i++;
printf("Length of first string is %d",i);
}

compare(char str1[],char str2[])

{
int i;
for(i=0;str1[i]!='\0';i++)
{
if(str1[i]!=str2[i])
break;
}
if(str1[i]==str2[i])
printf("\n Strings are same \n");
else
printf("\n Strings are not same \n");

}
concat(char str1[],char str2[])
{
int i=0,j=0;
while(str1[i]!='\0')
i++;
while(str2[j]!='\0')
str1[i++]=str2[j++];

str1[i++]='\0';
puts(str1);
}

main()
{
char str1[20],str2[20];
printf("Enter string 1: ");
gets(str1);
 printf("Enter string 2: ");
gets(str2);
length(str1);
compare(str1,str2);
concat(str1,str2);
}

10. Implement structures to read ,write and compute average-marks and the students
scoring above and
below the average marks for a class of N students.

#include<stdio.h>
struct STUDENT
{
char name[20];
float marks;
};
void main()
{
struct STUDENT s[20];
int i , n ;
float avg , sum=0;
printf("Enter the number of students\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("\nEnter the name and marks");
scanf("%s %f",s[i].name,&s[i].marks);
}
printf("\n Students details are\n");
printf("\n NAME \t MARKS \n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%s \t %f \n",s[i].name,s[i].marks);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
sum= sum + s[i].marks ;

avg = sum/n;
printf("Average marks=%f\n",avg);

printf("list of students scored above average marks\n");

 for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(s[i].marks>avg)
printf(“%s\n",s[i].name);
}
printf("list of students scored beow average marks\n") ;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(s[i].marks<avg)
printf(“ %s\n",s[i].name);
}
}

11. Develop a program using pointers to compute the sum, mean and standard deviation of
all elements stored in an array of N real numbers.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
main()
{
float a[10],*ptr,mean,std,sum=0,sumstd=0;
int n,i;
ptr=a;

printf("Enter the no of elements: \n");

scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter array elements: \n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%f",&a[i]);
sum=sum+*ptr;
ptr++;
}
mean=sum/n;

ptr=a;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
 sumstd=sumstd+pow(*ptr - mean,2);
ptr++;
}
std = sqrt(sumstd/n);

printf ("Sum=%f\n", sum);

printf("Mean=%f\n",mean);
printf("Standard deviation=%f\n",std);
}

12 Write a C program to copy a text file to another, read both the input file name and
target file name.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main() {
FILE *sourceFile, *targetFile;
char sourceFileName[100], targetFileName[100];
char ch;

// Input the source file name

printf("Enter the source file name: ");
scanf("%s", sourceFileName);

// Open the source file for reading

sourceFile = fopen(sourceFileName, "r");

if (sourceFile == NULL) {
printf("Failed to open the source file.\n");
return 1;
}

// Input the target file name

printf("Enter the target file name: ");
scanf("%s", targetFileName);
 // Open the target file for writing
targetFile = fopen(targetFileName, "w");

if (targetFile == NULL) {
printf("Failed to create or open the target file.\n");
fclose(sourceFile);
return 1;
}

// Copy the contents of the source file to the target file

while ((ch = fgetc(sourceFile)) != EOF) {
fputc(ch, targetFile);
}
printf("File copy completed.\n");

// Close the source and target files

fclose(sourceFile);
fclose(targetFile);

return 0;
}