TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
AIRBUS A330 GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSE
AVIONICS LEVEL 1
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01. STRUCTURE DESIGN PRINCIPLES
• Fuselage structure principle
• Spar box structure principle
• Monolithic part structure principle
• Sandwich part structure principle
Four typical principles are used in the aircraft design:
- for the fuselage, the skin is attached to the frames and stiffened by stringers,
- for the boxes, the skins stiffened with stiffeners are attached to spars and ribs,
- the composite parts could be monolithic or sandwich construction.
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02. STRUCTURE ATA BREAKDOWN
• Structure breakdown
The structure of the aircraft is broken down as follows:
- ATA 52 for the doors,
- ATA 53 for the fuselage,
- ATA 54 for the pylons,
- ATA 55 for the stabilizers,
- ATA 56 for the windows,
- and ATA 57 for the wings.
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03. DOORS
• Passenger/crew doors and emergency exit doors
• Aluminum alloy structure
• Cargo compartment doors
• Aluminum alloy structure
• Bulk cargo door
• Aluminum alloy structure
• Main Landing Gear (MLG) doors, materials
• Nose Landing Gear (NLG) doors, materials
The passenger/crew doors and the emergency exit doors are of a same aluminum alloy design
comprising skins, edge members, horizontal beams and vertical frames.
There are two cargo compartment doors installed on the left hand side of the fuselage. There
are also aluminum alloy structures like skins, edge members, corner pieces, horizontal beams
and vertical frames.
The bulk cargo door is of plug type design opening inside the fuselage. The primary structure
has skins, edge members and horizontal beams, all being made from aluminum alloy.
The nose gear doors include the two forward doors and two aft doors. Both doors are of
sandwich construction including carbon fiber skins.
The main landing gear doors are located at the bottom of the belly fairing and are of sandwich
construction including carbon fiber skins.
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04. FUSELAGE
• Nose forward fuselage (sections 11/12)
• Forward fuselage (section 13/14 and 14A)
• Center fuselage (section 15)
• Rear fuselage (sections 16/17 and 18)
• Rear/cone fuselage (sections 19 and 19.1)
Within the technical documentation the fuselage is divided into five main parts, which are also
divided into sections, mainly for production purpose.
The nose forward fuselage, covered by chapter 53-10-00 contains sections 11 and 12,
The forward fuselage, covered by chapter 53-20-00 contains sections 13, 14 and 14A,
The center fuselage, covered by chapter 53-30-00 contains also section 15,
The rear fuselage, covered by chapter 53-40-00 contains sections 16, 17 and 18.
The rear/cone fuselage, covered by chapter 53-50-00 contains sections 19 and the tailcone,
section 19.1.
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05.PYLONS - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
• The pylon box is the primary structure; the secondary structure comprises the forward, lower
and aft fairings and the pylon to wing center fillets
• Pylon box assembly
The pylon box is the primary structure of the pylon. The secondary structure has a forward,
lower and aft fairings and pylon to wing center fillets.
The pylon box is an assembly of titanium alloy and steel parts which includes spars, ribs, side
panels, engine attachment and pylon to wing attachment fittings as main elements.
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06. STABILIZERS
• Trimmable horizontal stabilizer (THS) main structure
• THS secondary structure
• Elevators
• Vertical stabilizer and rudder
• Rudder
The horizontal stabilizer main structure includes an aluminum alloy center spar box and two outer
carbon fiber spar boxes.
On each side, the horizontal stabilizer also includes a leading edge, a trailing edge structure and an
apron fairing, mainly made of carbon fiber, and a tip, made of aluminum alloy.
The elevators are basically in carbon fiber structure including top and bottom skin panels, ribs and
front spar. The hinge and actuator fittings and the trailing edge profile are made of aluminum alloy.
The vertical stabilizer includes:
- the main spar box, the leading edge,
- the tip,
- the trailing structure,
- and trailing edge.
The main box is an assembly of carbon fiber ribs, spars and side panels.
The vertical stabilizer also includes a glass fiber leading edge and a tip, an aluminum alloy trailing edge
structure, and carbon fiber trailing edge panels.
The rudder has carbon fiber side panels, a front spar and leading edge panels. The hinge, actuator
fittings and the trailing edge profile are made of aluminum alloy.
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07. WINDOWS - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
• Aircraft windows breakdown: cockpit, cabin and door windows
• Cockpit windows structure
• Cabin windows structure
• Door windows structure
The ATA 56 chapter describes the cockpit, cabin and door windows.
The cockpit windows include the windshield, the sliding windows and the side fixed windows.
The cabin windows, which include an inner and an outer pane, are installed in a seal. This
assembly is installed in the window frame from inside the fuselage and held in position by a
retainer ring.
The door windows are of the same design principle as for the cabin windows.
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08. WINGS FIXED PARTITION
• Center wing box
• Outer wings
• Center wing box
• Outer wing structure breakdown: outer wing box, fixed leading edge and trailing edge structures,
wing tip
• Outer wing box (outer main box) structure
• Fixed leading edge structure
• Fixed trailing edge structure
• Outer wing box devices
The wings have a center wing box installed in the center fuselage section, and two outer wings.
The center wing box is an assembly of aluminum alloy parts. It includes top and bottom skin panels,
spars, main frame fittings 40 and 47, longitudinal beams (on which the cabin floor structure is
installed) and the left hand and right hand sides ribs 1. The internal rods are made of carbon fiber.
Each outer wing has a main box, which is the main load carrying structure. The main box supports a
fixed leading edge, a fixed trailing edge structure and a wing tip.
Each outer main box is an assembly of machined aluminum alloy parts including top and bottom skin
panels, the front, center and rear spars and internal ribs.
The fixed leading edge structure includes the leading edge ribs, attached to the main box front spar,
which support the D-nose structure.
The fixed trailing edge structure includes hinge and actuator fittings for the movable surfaces, and
intermediate ribs. The access panels are made of carbon fiber.
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09. WINGS MOVABLE SURFACES
• Slats - materials
• Flaps - materials
• Spoilers - materials
• Ailerons - materials
Each outer wing has:
- seven slats. Slats are made of aluminum alloy,
- an inboard flap, which is an aluminum alloy structure, and the outboard flap which is basically
a carbon fiber structure,
- six carbon fiber spoilers,
- two ailerons mainly made of carbon fiber.
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10. COMPOSITE APPLICATIONS
• Composite applications
The illustration shows the main application of composite materials on the A330.
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