DEC, Production engineering Department, Mechanical Design, Mechanical Vibration worksheet #1 for ch-1 and Ch-2 1. An automobile moving over a rough road (Fig. 1.1) can be modeled considering (a) Weight of the car body, passengers, seats, front wheels, and rear wheels; (b) Elasticity of tires (suspension), main springs, and seats: and (c) Damping of the seats, shock absorbers, and tires. Develop three mathematical models of the system using a gradual refinement in the modeling process. Figure 1.1 an automobile moving on a rough road.Mass of body is shown below with the damping force and stiffness of sets of the moving automobile front e real wheels suspension and damping force is shown below If includs damping and stiffness of seats of weight of the car body, passengers,seats, front wheels and real wheels. [se 4 boy ag with nese Y yr J opr” n -|\* 3 < CRAKS. (ae | coming h er 24 ie nits {free 0 etl re of __5——l—} SW cutpersvo qt enti. | < Suepen 1 i e [ fon) “ | vast] Tobe anh ES ies 9 wept a Ti cxijras - } Fron fiehtely ip. = fs eld a PLT eer oP 7 Olb) mass of body is assioted by stiffness of the wheels and damping of suspension. Mathematical matel is shown below with the elasticity of tires ,;main springs and seats. F nant ct¢) shows damping of seats khocle absorbens ,and tires Diagram shows mass of body with its suspension and stiffeness of seats , Mass of from and real wheels are supported with the suspension and stiffness of wheels.2. Determine the equivalent spring constant of the system shown in Fig. 1.2. Figure 1.2 springs in series Pana Figure 1.4 rigid bar connected by springs Figure 139. 4 ae kK) x i ae sere 4 ‘ Ky vem? | Be be \ ‘2s I< Ka 5 7 s > Y ee LLLEL. PLL L, y ene Key Ky Kpavol. 2 {* Kpavalld =" Keeva 4K, is : py 1 vial, Kegs 2K a “2S AK Ka Ka Avie Sea gig FASE aE Laks velletes ges Kean, Ke Abchid Valente eI Keys ARIES. iy az ——— . 2K 4 KK3 F2622 Kilts t AKI Kg +24) Ke ol Kea, AK Ka ky + Ke (24a Ks +R KGAA 3) Ke Anica +14 (kang 4 Kiet 28) a (Devkgt kis + 210) RS . Keay WA Kei Kg + KH (ann Hees) Kel Aika Kg + Ky (2 to 3+ Akai 42K Sf (20k A Ki 42K) K2) ob AKIKENS nag AK gH 245)3. Find the equivalent torsional spring constant of the system shown in Fig. 1.3. Assume that 1k, ky, and ky are torsional and ks and ky are linear spring constants,Asamptions : Gr Ka Kes Ky Kye ae So xsional spony Gi Ke & Keone Mineo poy Key = al wy bah kK ka ks 3 Key, e K, Ke Ks Kiker Ke Ka + Kab Noo, potential ener the & shen, Pes Lat + Like @) = ke (Rd) Ley. 8” Let, Key be the expioalant spring, conbak.Pe. = l, Keg. 6 forbes both the oes bks ear 1 kgRO+ 1 : ke \ ha 8 as 1 8 + Keq- = Ket [KsrKe)e eR Kits Krk +Ksk, dl — sei Requived eit hein ssing sonslait.4. Figure 1.4 shows a uniform rigid bar of mass m that is pivoted at point © and connected by springs of stiffiness's ky and kx Considering a small angular displacement 0 of the rigid bar about the point ©, determine the equivalent spring constant associated with the restoring moment,> A Sind 4 Deffecion @A sp 4 (oud {appertio Ls Srmoll 2.4% ( sno 8 J. ahs 7 ‘48 pit AyD SA got re mw Aping fo RI pag peg mas sping fore fa Spring 2 = Kt = KOTey ue about 0 dun fo sping 4 = (KAS) * G = kid Te Trqus about 0 dur to spring 2 = (Kae) xh = K, 9° 6 @ TSrqut about © Se Com he becour, we cdunt Het Ro sate (8) by vo arnold . Moment 6 Gnenhia of wd about 0 > mn 3 8 D-ahembert Dow re + katte p+ Kate = \G 6 + (grey oe vn > Eee 2 Fer wr a ty) Keuiv 0 * o Gr Compan vik -29-@) ye ae) SL PL PPRPRPDPPPAORDMONANAANADamnn nw...6. Drive the differential equation of motion for a spring controlled ple pendulum shown in fig 1.6 below. ‘The spring is in its upstretched position when the pendulum rod is vertical, Figure 1.5. Equivalent mass moment of inertia Jeq sifted ———} Figure 1.6 for problem #67. A cantilever beam of length L and Young's modulus E is subjected to a bending force at its free end. Compare the spring constants of beams with cross sections in the form of a solid circle (of diameter 4), square (of side d), and hollow circle (of mean diameter d and wall thickness t=0.1d). Determine which of these cross sections leads to an economical design for a specified value of bending stiffness of the beam.VR. Given ¢ 5 a ,-__4 young's modulus > © e 7 a Soy. Bending fone =P at deflechon of Bee end - ee a) solid civele 2(d } Sinem - BEL. ; r spring conchomb (k) = —=— EL k = 38b 2 _ mat Dev y Whe etd Ed’ kK “i Ott e ) Squoce : (side zd). _ 3&2 k= ae 4 al ea ed! edly i Gye ae g $8 9) Hollo.d dixcle ( mean dia-d, Wall thickness 4-oud). meon dio = Inside dia + thickness > Inside dia = d-o-ld ® di = od mean dio = ovttide dia > Hickners 9 cubtide dea = dtoid di do = tid. d Hee 4 22 (edi) (or) xl Te pt dy 2 ground > oe ake gendt On We ed’ gos e ot Kequares > Keqfid cinle > Kuala cine « Snaie egret destin8. Find the natural frequency of the vibration of the half’ solid cylinder shown in figure 1.7 below. when slightly displaced from the equilibrium position and released,43, 6 diel Saeed anh TyeTpa Comaiderd . Nee ts a bin Bet = nae 6 f - Tu" =- Myce 3 . sf fh > Ratton obs ty 8) 3 e we RUST le] Tear oe a jepr-w? ws Ts ee9. Find the natal frequency of the pulley system shown in Fig. 1.8 oe by neglecting the ition and the masses af the pulleys. Figure 18Solukion apings OF O me ; the Figure, BA can see : a her 1@® we in Aenied penile fe cach other ond Aering ®Newton's Ind Law ts the fast basis for examining the tmotien oF the. ayster t& the ovenall stiffness of the apien: het us uppose Koy tay of motion. Now , Conridening Fig- , APY Necoion’s fing Lous of emotion MK = SP = w—ky (At*) We know Koy. A=W $0, mk = Koy-A — Koy, & — hon => mk thy. x = 0 x cue Compasing it wlth mx + OpSee with i] s z £ ils ib * : Or Fs x Cee 2 = 5 & 7 Ss 2 § es below 100. a my A, ond Ay K 1 Raney = | LS) ak ‘Te Bj = tp calles fotel & Now,10.In the system shown in figure 1.9, the pulley has mass m and radius r, so that the moment of 2 inertia about the mass center is Jo= 20 a) Find the governing equations of motion; b) Find the frequency of oscillation for free vibrations of the system; ) For what value of the damping constant is the system critically damped? Static equilibrium Figure 1.10 for problem #11 Figure 1.9 for problem #10~ BUM G7 memo “he rads Are WOT T= moment of inet About moe center Us displaument WE Velo ty Hz aceelersh'n | &= Angular acacleraten— We Anguior velo ci ty- (*) by wa ing Lagoange’s method, Ff : ive (Totes Envy) =0 E of disc + Translationnt kE oftwormm Kineticonengy = Rotational K: Lote bmi tm = oy = gees eye meu)wi ee Re SRE an ee a 8 - = ae KE = Rea Oe a ; le Ma Potentiat peat ee re) y y =~ weeney te) eCEeY* Sl + kote EO a ~ Ft es Bene = 0k 2 t The equator becomon , S(KE+ PE) =O —A [ECE ER) =o tines & governing : - eapotion of mal (YY Now, we have to Pina tna Freyaamoy i of oscillation Pox free. vivrationfet LU my Efe) =0 : SH hipaa Herding ntion athens ml} Fant, x ot BK mF xe = ° Fam + * KX, 20 . ree “En = ) ee) = 008451 See SO ihawey(C) : For the volue forw uy ph the system to be, CH collay damped > C=, = Im Gy = 4a y Lm x 0% V wh = edouiee: GC) (rawer)11. A machine of 20kg mass is mounted on spring and dampers as shown in figure 1.10. The total stiffness of the spring is 8kN/m and the total damping is 130 N-s/m. if the system is initially at rest and a velocity of 100mm/s is imparted to the mass, determine: (a) The displacement and velocity of the mass as a time function, and (b) The displacement at t = 1sec.ees eee | ae Bate ™ ro rs “umes dam fea)Lo = 4 ss ¢ pia pir. ~— ae 5-832 Xie” an Subse ruse Xf Gg fa eoetion et eS py 2 EN A = Sse) - ‘ es 632107 e eee R a ee ee = a = Siac —_ 5.032 v5” [| sina cate ook —saTt 3 5 3 ie Cof Clas 94> “C9. feel b % §.032X10 oie Si CHA, 6 Se > 0-\663 xB? ™12.A heavy machine weighing 9,810 N is being lowered vertically down by a winch at a uniform velocity of 2 m/s. The steel cable supporting the machine has a diameter of 0.01 m. The winch is suddenly stopped when the steel cable s length is 20 m. find the period and amplitude of the ensuing vibration of the machine.weight of the machine , W =9810 N Mass of the machine ,m = 9810/9.81 = 1000 kg youngs modulus of steel , E = 2.07 x 1011 N/m2 Area of the cable , A = 7/4.x D2 = 7/4 x (0.01)2 =7.85x10° m2 AE Stiffness of the cable, k= L = 7.85 x 10x 2.07x 10!" / 20 = 0.8119 x 10° N/m The natural frequency of vibration , w, = V K/m /0.8119.X 108 /1000 = 28.5114 rad /secgiven «=2m/s x = 0 (since the winch is suddenly stopped while it has velocity) Period of resulting vibration ;T, = 27 / wp =2x7 / 28.5114 = 0.2204 sec (Ans) Ampiltude , A= / wy =2/28.5114 = 0.07015 m (Ans)