Brake System
Brake System
Brake System
Workshop Manual
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system
Edition 04.2009
Repair Group
00 - Technical data
45 - Anti-lock brake system
46 - Brakes - mechanism
47 - Brakes - hydraulics
Technical information should always be available to the foremen and mechanics, because their
careful and constant adherence to the instructions is essential to ensure vehicle road-worthiness and
safety. In addition, the normal basic safety precautions for working on motor vehicles must, as a
matter of course, be observed.
Contents
00 - Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Production code (PR No.) allocation: brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Front brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.4 Front brakes (TT RS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.5 Rear wheel brakes, front-wheel drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.6 Rear wheel brakes, four-wheel drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.7 Rear brakes (TT RS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Brake test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 General notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Vehicles with front-wheel drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.3 Four-wheel drive vehicles with Haldex coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.4 Testing four-wheel drive vehicles with Haldex coupling on a conventional brake
dynamometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3 Brake fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1 General notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
46 - Brakes - mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
1 Servicing front brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Contents i
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
47 - Brakes - hydraulics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
1 High-pressure and low-pressure tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
1.1 Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
2 Servicing front brake caliper FN3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
2.1 Front brake caliper FN3 - exploded view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
2.2 Removing and installing piston for front brake caliper FN3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
3 Servicing front brake caliper FNRG57 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
3.1 Front brake caliper FNRG57 - exploded view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
3.2 Removing and installing piston for front brake caliper FNRG57 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4 Servicing brake caliper (TT RS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
5 Servicing rear brake calipers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
5.1 Rear brake caliper - exploded view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
5.2 Removing and installing piston for rear brake caliper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
6 Bleeding brake system - ABS/ESP Mark 60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
6.1 Bleeding brake system with brake filling and bleeding equipment VAS 5234 or upgrade kit
and extraction unit V.A.G 1869/4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
6.2 Bleeding brake system without brake filling and bleeding equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
7 Brake servo/brake master cylinder - left-hand drive vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
7.1 Exploded view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
7.2 Checking non-return valve (TT RS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
7.3 Removing and installing non-return valve (TT RS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
7.4 Removing and installing brake fluid reservoir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
ii Contents
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
Contents iii
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
iv Contents
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
00 – Technical data
1 Technical data
1.2 Brakes
Brake system
Diagonal dual-circuit brake system, anti-lock brake system (ABS) with electronic brake pressure distribution
(EBPD). Certain equipment versions or model production dates additionally feature electronic differential
lock (EDL), traction control system (ASR) and electronic stabilisation program (ESP).
1. Technical data 1
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
Front axle, TT RS
Pad wear limit (without backplate) 2 mm
2 Brake test
Note
2. Brake test 3
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
WARNING
The engine must not run and the ignition must be switched off
during the brake test, otherwise the rear wheels will be driven
by the Haldex coupling.
3 Brake fluid
WARNING
3. Brake fluid 5
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
WARNING
Note
WARNING
Note
Note
Note
Caution
ABS control unit -J104-
and ABS hydraulic unit -
N55- must not be sepa‐
rated.
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
WARNING
Note
WARNING
The return ring with slip ring must not be rotated following re‐
moval.
Note
Note
Note
Removing
Note
Note
1 - Brake lines
♦ Marking - DK - Brake mas‐
ter cylinder/primary piston
circuit to hydraulic unit.
♦ Marking - HL - To rear left
brake caliper.
♦ Marking - VR - To front right
brake caliper.
♦ Marking - VL - To front left
brake caliper.
♦ Marking - HR - To rear right
brake caliper.
♦ Marking - SK - Brake mas‐
ter cylinder/secondary pis‐
ton circuit to hydraulic unit.
❑ 14 Nm
❑ Perform final control di‐
agnosis after securing
brake lines to hydraulic
unit. To do this, use ve‐
hicle diagnosis, testing
and information system
-VAS 505x- .
2 - ABS control unit (with ESP)
-J104-
❑ Fitting location: on hy‐
draulic unit -N55 on
right-side of engine
compartment.
❑ Allocation ⇒ ETKA
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 20
❑ Removing and installing
(TFSI engine)
⇒ page 25
❑ Removing and installing (TT RS) ⇒ page 29
❑ Removing and installing (vehicles with diesel particulate filter) ⇒ page 34
Caution
ABS control unit -J104-
and ABS hydraulic unit -
N55- must not be sepa‐
rated. Control unit and
hydraulic unit must be re‐
newed as one unit.
Caution
ABS control unit -J104- and ABS hydraulic unit -N55- must not
be separated.
Note
♦ Make sure brake fluid does not get into connector housing of
control unit. This can result in corrosion of the contacts and
failure of the system.
♦ Use compressed air to carefully clean connector housing if
necessary.
WARNING
Note
– Seal brake lines and threaded holes using sealing plugs from
repair kit.
– Carefully pull hydraulic unit -2- together with control unit and
bracket -4- out of rubber buffers on mounting bracket -6-.
– Take hydraulic unit out of vehicle.
– Unscrew bolts -5- from bracket -4- and detach bracket.
WARNING
Severe shocks or jolts can damage the control unit. The control
unit must not be re-installed if it has been damaged in any way.
WARNING
Installing
Installation is performed in reverse sequence; note the following:
Note
WARNING
Note
If a new ABS control unit -J104- has been fitted, it must be enco‐
ded.
To do this, use vehicle diagnosis, testing and information system
-VAS 505x- .
– Select on the display:
♦ Running gear
♦ Brake system (Repair group 01; 45)
♦ 01 - Self-diagnosis compatible systems
♦ 03 - Brake electronics ABS/ESP Mark 60
– Select required function on the display.
♦ J104 - Control unit for ABS/TCS/ESP Mark 60
♦ J104 - Control unit for ABS/TCS/ESP, Functions
♦ J104 - Encoding control unit
Also calibrate the following senders after renewing control unit -
J104-.
♦ Steering angle sender -G85-
♦ Lateral acceleration sender -G200-
♦ Brake pressure sender 1 -G201-
♦ Longitudinal acceleration sender -G251- (only on four-wheel
drive vehicles)
To do this, use vehicle diagnosis, testing and information system
-VAS 505x- .
– Select on the display:
♦ Running gear
♦ Brake system
♦ 01 - Self-diagnosis compatible systems
♦ 03 - Brake electronics ABS/ESP Mark 60
– Select required function on the display.
♦ J104 - Control unit for ABS/TCS/ESP Mark 60
♦ J104 - Control unit for ABS/TCS/ESP, Functions
– Then carry out ESP road test and system test.
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Caution
ABS control unit -J104- and ABS hydraulic unit -N55- must not
be separated.
6. TFSI engine: ABS control unit -J104- and ABS hydraulic unit -N55- 25
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
Note
♦ Make sure brake fluid does not get into connector housing of
control unit. This can result in corrosion of the contacts and
failure of the system.
♦ Use compressed air to carefully clean connector housing if
necessary.
WARNING
Note
– Carefully pull hydraulic unit -2- together with control unit and
bracket -4- out of rubber buffers on mounting bracket -6-.
– Take hydraulic unit out of vehicle.
– Unscrew bolts -5- from bracket -4- and detach bracket.
– Place hydraulic unit on a clean flat surface with control unit
facing downwards.
WARNING
Severe shocks or jolts can damage the control unit. The control
unit must not be re-installed if it has been damaged in any way.
WARNING
Installing
Installation is performed in reverse sequence; note the following:
Note
6. TFSI engine: ABS control unit -J104- and ABS hydraulic unit -N55- 27
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
WARNING
Note
If a new ABS control unit -J104- has been fitted, it must be enco‐
ded.
To do this, use vehicle diagnosis, testing and information system
-VAS 505x- .
– Select on the display:
♦ Running gear
♦ Brake system (Repair group 01; 45)
♦ 01 - Self-diagnosis compatible systems
♦ 03 - Brake electronics ABS/ESP Mark 60
– Select required function on the display.
♦ J104 - Control unit for ABS/TCS/ESP Mark 60
♦ J104 - Control unit for ABS/TCS/ESP, Functions
♦ J104 - Encoding control unit
Also calibrate the following senders after renewing control unit -
J104-.
♦ Steering angle sender -G85-
♦ Lateral acceleration sender -G200-
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Caution
ABS control unit -J104- and ABS hydraulic unit -N55- must not
be separated.
6. TFSI engine: ABS control unit -J104- and ABS hydraulic unit -N55- 29
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
Note
♦ Make sure brake fluid does not get into connector housing of
control unit. This can result in corrosion of the contacts and
failure of the system.
♦ Use compressed air to carefully clean connector housing if
necessary.
WARNING
Note
– Carefully pull hydraulic unit -2- together with control unit and
bracket -4- out of rubber buffers on mounting bracket -6-.
– Take hydraulic unit out of vehicle.
– Unscrew bolts -5- from bracket -4- and detach bracket.
– Place hydraulic unit on a clean flat surface with control unit
facing downwards.
WARNING
Severe shocks or jolts can damage the control unit. The control
unit must not be re-installed if it has been damaged in any way.
WARNING
Installing
Installation is performed in reverse sequence; note the following:
Note
6. TFSI engine: ABS control unit -J104- and ABS hydraulic unit -N55- 31
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
WARNING
Note
– Insert air duct for turbocharger and use suitable pliers to fasten
clamps.
– Secure air duct for turbocharger at bracket.
– Connect air hose and use suitable pliers to fasten clamp.
– Bleed brake system ⇒ page 109 .
– Perform final control diagnosis after securing brake lines to
hydraulic unit.
To do this, use vehicle diagnosis, testing and information system
-VAS 505x- .
Note
If a new ABS control unit -J104- has been fitted, it must be enco‐
ded.
To do this, use vehicle diagnosis, testing and information system
-VAS 505x- .
– Select on the display:
♦ Running gear
♦ Brake system (Repair group 01; 45)
♦ 01 - Self-diagnosis compatible systems
♦ 03 - Brake electronics ABS/ESP Mark 60
– Select required function on the display.
♦ J104 - Control unit for ABS/TCS/ESP Mark 60
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
6. TFSI engine: ABS control unit -J104- and ABS hydraulic unit -N55- 33
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
Note
Caution
ABS control unit -J104- and ABS hydraulic unit -N55- must not
be separated.
Note
7. Vehicles with diesel particulate filter: Control unit -J104- with hydraulic unit -N55- 35
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
Note
♦ Make sure brake fluid does not get into connector housing of
control unit. This can result in corrosion of the contacts and
failure of the system.
♦ Use compressed air to carefully clean connector housing if
necessary.
WARNING
Do not bend or kink the brake lines in the vicinity of the hy‐
draulic unit.
– Seal brake lines and tapped holes with sealing plugs from re‐
pair kit.
– Carefully pull hydraulic unit -2- together with control unit and
bracket -4- out of rubber buffers -6-.
– Take hydraulic unit out of vehicle.
– Unscrew bolts -5- from bracket -4- and detach bracket.
– Place hydraulic unit on a clean flat surface with control unit
facing downwards.
WARNING
Severe shocks or jolts can damage the control unit. The control
unit must not be re-installed if it has been damaged in any way.
WARNING
Installing
Installation is performed in reverse sequence; note the following:
Note
7. Vehicles with diesel particulate filter: Control unit -J104- with hydraulic unit -N55- 37
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
WARNING
Note
If a new ABS control unit -J104- has been fitted, it must be enco‐
ded.
To do this, use vehicle diagnosis, testing and information system
-VAS 505x- .
– Select on the display:
♦ Running gear
♦ Brake system (Repair group 01; 45)
♦ 01 - Self-diagnosis compatible systems
♦ 03 - Brake electronics ABS/ESP Mark 60
– Select required function on the display.
♦ J104 - Control unit for ABS/TCS/ESP Mark 60
♦ J104 - Control unit for ABS/TCS/ESP, Functions
♦ J104 - Encoding control unit
Also calibrate the following senders after renewing control unit -
J104-.
♦ Steering angle sender -G85-
♦ Lateral acceleration sender -G200-
♦ Brake pressure sender 1 -G201-
♦ Longitudinal acceleration sender -G251- (only on four-wheel
drive vehicles)
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
♦ Running gear
♦ Brake system
♦ 01 - Self-diagnosis compatible systems
♦ 03 ABS control unit J104 MK60EC
♦ 03 Functions ABS MK60EC J104
♦ Basic setting of inlet valves
♦ Basic setting of separating valves
Please follow the instructions on the display exactly.
7. Vehicles with diesel particulate filter: Control unit -J104- with hydraulic unit -N55- 39
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
Note
1 - Speed sensor
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 40
2 - Hexagon socket head bolt
❑ 8 Nm
Installing
Installation is performed in reverse sequence; note the following:
– Before inserting speed sensor, clean inner surface of hole and
coat speed sensor thoroughly with lubricating paste
G 000 650.
– Turn steering completely to left and right and check clearance
of speed sensor wire.
Note
Installing
Installation is performed in reverse sequence; note the following:
– Before inserting speed sensor, clean inner surface of fitting
hole and coat speed sensor thoroughly with grease -G 000
650- .
Note
1 - Speed sensor
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 44
2 - Hexagon socket head bolt
❑ 8 Nm
Installing
Installation is performed in reverse sequence; note the following:
– Before inserting speed sensor, clean inner surface of hole and
coat speed sensor thoroughly with lubricating paste
G 000 650.
46 – Brakes - mechanism
1 Servicing front brakes
Observe general notes before servicing.
Note
WARNING
Note
10 - Retaining spring
❑ Insert in both holes in brake caliper housing
Counterhold at hexagon flats on brake hose when connecting brake line to brake hose.
❑ Brake caliper with vibration damper ⇒ page 74
12 - Bracket
13 - Bolt
❑ Bracket to brake caliper
14 - Protective cap
15 - Guide pin
❑ Brake caliper to brake carrier
❑ 30 Nm
16 - Bearing bush
17 - Protective cap
18 - Bolt
❑ Brake carrier to wheel bearing housing
❑ Always renew if removed
❑ 200 Nm
1.2 Removing and installing brake pads - front brakes 16" FN3
Note
– Lever off brake pad retaining spring from brake caliper housing
with a screwdriver -arrow- and remove.
– Remove brake caliper. ⇒ page 52
– Remove brake caliper and secure such that the weight of the
caliper does not damage the brake line.
Note
WARNING
Note
The wear indicator is located on inner brake pad on front left brake
caliper.
Note
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Removing
– Insert brake pedal actuator -V.A.G 1869/2- between brake
pedal and driver's seat (depress brake pedal at least 60 mm).
Note
This closes the valves in the brake master cylinder and stops the
brake fluid reservoir from running empty.
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
1 - Brake disc
❑ Always renew on both
sides of axle
❑ Detach brake caliper
prior to removing
❑ Lubricate contact surfa‐
ces between brake disc
and wheel hub with pol‐
ycarbamide grease -G
052 142 A2- . ⇒ Rep.
Gr. 44
❑ Allocation, dimensions
and wear limit ⇒ page 1
❑ Checking thickness
⇒ Maintenance ; Book‐
let 808
2 - Retaining spring
❑ Ensure correct installa‐
tion position
3 - Brake caliper housing
❑ Piston diameter
⇒ page 1 ⇒ ETKA
❑ Unscrew from brake
carrier to replace brake
pads
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 60
❑ Servicing brake caliper
⇒ page 100
❑ Brake caliper with vibra‐
tion damper
⇒ page 74
4 - Bearing bush
❑ Insert into brake caliper
housing
5 - Guide pin
❑ 30 Nm
6 - Protective cap
7 - Cable retainer for wear indicator
8 - Bolt
❑ Cable retainer to brake caliper
❑ 25 Nm
9 - Protective cap
10 - Bolt
❑ Bracket for brake line to brake caliper
❑ 15 Nm
11 - Bracket for brake line
❑ Bolt to brake caliper housing
❑ Attach brake line
12 - Brake line
❑ Screw into brake caliper housing with ⇒ Item 11 (page 56)
❑ Do not twist hose when fitting
♦ Brake line connection to brake caliper, 14 Nm
♦ Brake line connection to brake hose, 14 Nm
♦ Counterhold at hexagon flats on brake hose when connecting brake line to brake hose.
13 - Spring clip
❑ Secures brake line in bracket ⇒ Item 11 (page 56)
14 - Brake pads
❑ With wear indicator (on inner brake pad on left-side only)
❑ Pad thickness, wear limit ⇒ page 1
❑ Removing and installing ⇒ page 57
Before fitting pads, clean guide surfaces and apply a thin coating of grease ⇒ ETKA .
❑ Always renew on both sides of axle
❑ Checking pad thickness: ⇒ Maintenance ; Booklet 808
Note
15 - Brake carrier
❑ Bolt to wheel bearing housing
❑ 200 Nm
16 - Bolt
❑ Brake carrier to wheel bearing housing
❑ Always renew if removed
❑ 200 Nm
2.1 Removing and installing brake pads - front brakes 17" FNR G57
Note
– Raise vehicle.
– Remove wheels.
– Fit wheels ⇒ Wheels and tyres; Rep. Gr. 44 .
– Lever brake pad retaining spring out of brake caliper housing
with a screwdriver and remove.
Loosen bolt -1- only when removing brake disc (4 Nm).
Note
WARNING
Note
The wear indicator is located on inner brake pad on front left brake
caliper.
– Insert brake pad with retaining spring and wear indicator into
brake caliper housing (piston).
Note
Note
The retaining spring must be pushed under the brake carrier after
engaging onto both studs. If incorrectly installed, the wear of the
outer pad cannot be adjusted, and the pedal travel will be in‐
creased as a result.
Note
Check that the brake caliper moves freely by moving it from side
to side.
WARNING
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Removing
– Insert brake pedal actuator -V.A.G 1869/2- between brake
pedal and driver's seat (depress brake pedal at least 60 mm).
Note
This closes the valves in the brake master cylinder and stops the
brake fluid reservoir from running empty.
WARNING
Note
– Lower vehicle.
WARNING
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
1 - Bleeder screw
❑ 10 Nm
Note
2 - Bolt
❑ Unscrew for removal of
brake caliper
❑ 200 Nm
Note
3 - Speed sensor
4 - Bolt
❑ For speed sensor
❑ 8 Nm
5 - Brake caliper
Note
Note
Note
8 - Brake pads
❑ With brake pad wear cable (only in left brake caliper)
❑ Wear limit ⇒ page 1
❑ Removing and installing ⇒ page 64
Before fitting pads, clean guides and apply a thin coating of grease ⇒ ETKA .
10 - Retaining clip
❑ Ensure correct installation position
Note
Note
12 - Bolt
❑ For bracket
❑ 18 Nm
13 - Brake hose
❑ Screw into brake caliper
❑ Insert in bracket
❑ 35 Nm
Tightening torque for brake hose to brake caliper for TT RS: 35 Nm
Note
14 - Bracket
❑ For brake hose and brake pad wear cable
Note
Removing
– Raise vehicle.
– Remove wheels.
Note
The brake pad wear cable is only installed at the left brake caliper.
Note
Note
– Pull brake pad wear cable -9- out of retaining clip -10-.
– Pull one brake pad retaining pin -11- out of brake caliper. While
doing so, press down retaining clip -10-.
– Pull second brake pad retaining pin -11- out of brake caliper.
– Take brake pads out of brake caliper.
Only use methylated spirits to clean the brake caliper housing.
WARNING
Installing
If provided, peel adhesive foil off back of brake pads.
Before fitting pads, clean guides and apply a thin coating of
grease ⇒ ETKA .
Press back brake pistons using piston resetting appliance -
T10145- when fitting new brake pads ⇒ page 73 .
Make sure that no brake fluid escapes from brake fluid reservoir;
otherwise components and paintwork will be damaged.
To draw off brake fluid from brake fluid reservoir use a bleeder
bottle which is used only for brake fluid.
WARNING
Note
– Slide one brake pad retaining pin -11- through brake caliper
and brake pads from inside to outside.
– Insert retaining spring -10- underneath retaining pin -11-.
– Slide second retaining pin through brake caliper and brake
pads from inside to outside. While doing so, press down re‐
taining spring -10-.
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
The brake pad wear cable is only installed at the left brake caliper.
Note
Note
Do not suspend the brake caliper from the brake hose. Secure it
to the body with a suitable wire.
Installing
Note
– Carefully slide brake caliper (with brake pads fitted) over brake
disc and install.
WARNING
Firmly depress the brake pedal several times with the vehicle
stationary, so that the brake pads are properly seated in their
normal operating position.
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
Removing
– Raise vehicle.
– Remove wheels.
Note
The brake pad wear cable is only installed at the left brake caliper.
Note
This closes the valves in the brake master cylinder and stops the
brake fluid reservoir from running empty.
Note
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
Removing
– Raise vehicle.
– Remove wheels.
Note
The brake pad wear cable is only installed at the left brake caliper.
Note
Do not suspend the brake caliper from the brake hose. Secure it
to the body with a suitable wire.
Note
Installing
Note
Note
WARNING
Firmly depress the brake pedal several times with the vehicle
stationary, so that the brake pads are properly seated in their
normal operating position.
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
Before inserting new brake pads, press brake piston back into
cylinder with resetting appliance. Before pressing the piston back,
draw off brake fluid from the reservoir with a bleeder bottle, oth‐
erwise components can be damaged by escaping brake fluid.
WARNING
1 - Dust cap
2 - Bolt
❑ Always renew
❑ 10 Nm
3 - Vibration damper
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 74
4 - Washer
5 - Brake caliper
Note
WARNING
1 - Brake disc
❑ Allocation, dimensions
and wear limit (front-
wheel drive) ⇒ page 2
❑ Allocation, dimensions
and wear limit (four-
wheel drive) ⇒ page 2
❑ Allocation, dimensions
and wear limit (TT RS)
⇒ page 2
❑ Do not force brake discs
off wheel hub; if neces‐
sary, use rust remover,
otherwise brake discs
could be damaged.
❑ Remove brake caliper
prior to removing
❑ Always renew on both
sides of axle
2 - Brake caliper
❑ Do not disconnect brake
hose when changing
brake pads
❑ Piston diameter (front-
wheel drive) ⇒ page 2
❑ Piston diameter (four-
wheel drive) ⇒ page 2
❑ Piston diameter (TT RS)
⇒ page 2
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 80
❑ Servicing ⇒ page 105
❑ The handbrake must be
adjusted following re‐
pair or replacement
⇒ page 89 .
3 - Brake line
❑ Do not disconnect brake hose and brake line when changing brake pads
❑ Tightening torque for brake line (all models): 14 Nm
4 - Brake hose
❑ Do not disconnect brake hose when changing brake pads
❑ Tightening torque for brake hose (all models): 14 Nm
5 - Protective cap
6 - Bolt
❑ Remove when changing brake pads
❑ Always renew if removed
❑ Brake caliper to brake carrier
❑ Self-locking
❑ When loosening and tightening, counter-hold on guide pin
❑ 35 Nm
Note
7 - Bleeder screw
❑ 10 Nm
8 - Protective cap
9 - Return spring for handbrake
10 - Nut
❑ Secures handbrake linkage to brake caliper
❑ Do not loosen
11 - Handbrake cable
❑ Removing and installing ⇒ page 87
12 - Handbrake linkage
13 - Pad retaining spring
❑ Always renew when changing pads
14 - Speed sensor wire
15 - Brake pads
❑ Always renew on both sides of axle
❑ Wear limit (front-wheel drive) ⇒ page 2
❑ Wear limit (four-wheel drive) ⇒ page 2
❑ Wear limit (TT RS) ⇒ page 2
❑ Removing and installing ⇒ page 78
Before fitting pads, clean guide surfaces and apply a thin coating of grease ⇒ ETKA .
❑ Removing and installing
❑ Checking pad thickness: ⇒ Maintenance ; Booklet 808
❑ For correct version refer to ⇒ ETKA
Note
16 - Bolt
❑ Brake carrier to wheel bearing housing
❑ Always renew if removed
❑ 90 Nm + 90°
Note
17 - Brake carrier
❑ Bolt to wheel bearing housing
Note
Removing
– Raise vehicle.
– Remove wheels.
Do not detach handbrake cable from brake caliper.
– Detach brake caliper housing (counterhold at guide pin).
– Remove brake caliper housing from brake disc.
– Secure brake caliper housing with wire such that the weight of
the caliper does not damage the brake hose.
WARNING
– Remove brake pads and pad retaining springs from brake car‐
rier -arrows-.
Note
WARNING
Note
Note
The repair kit includes four self-locking hexagon bolts which must
be installed in all cases.
WARNING
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Removing
– Raise vehicle.
– Remove wheels.
Only detach handbrake cable when brake caliper is being re‐
moved completely ⇒ page 83 .
– Remove brake pads ⇒ page 78 .
Note
WARNING
Note
This closes the valves in the brake master cylinder and stops the
brake fluid reservoir from running empty.
WARNING
Note
WARNING
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
– Compress retaining tabs -1- and engage. Make sure that both
retaining tabs are engaged.
– Press brake lever -2- in direction of arrow and attach hand‐
brake cable -3-.
Note
Before pressing the piston back, draw off brake fluid from the
reservoir. To draw off fluid, use a bleeder bottle or plastic bottle
kept specially for this purpose.
WARNING
Note
7 Handbrake
1 - Handbrake lever
❑ Available as replace‐
ment part complete with
pull rod, pawl, push rod,
push-button, compres‐
sion spring and locking
segment
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 85
❑ Switch for warning lamp
is located under hand‐
brake lever
❑ Removing and installing
handbrake lever trim
2 - Handbrake switch
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 86
❑ For handbrake warning
lamp in instrument clus‐
ter
3 - Hexagon nut
❑ 15 Nm
4 - Compensator
❑ With adjustment nut to
adjust handbrake cable
5 - Handbrake cable (left and
right)
7. Handbrake 85
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
Installing
– Installation is carried out in reverse sequence.
– Install handbrake switch ⇒ page 86 .
– Pretension handbrake cable with adjustment nut on compen‐
sator -4-.
Note
1 - Locking knob
2 - Trim, one-piece
❑ Depending on type of
equipment
3 - Trim (left-side)
❑ Depending on type of
equipment
4 - Handbrake switch
❑ For handbrake warning
lamp in instrument clus‐
ter
5 - Trim (right-side)
❑ Depending on type of
equipment
6 - Protective cap
7 - Bolt
❑ 0.7 Nm
Removing
– Remove centre console trim ⇒ Rep. Gr. 68 .
– Detach locking knob -1-.
Note
– One-piece trim for handbrake -2-: release and pull off to front.
– Two-piece trim for handbrake: release handle and pull off to
front.
– Remove two-piece trim for handbrake lever.
– Unclip handbrake switch -4-.
– Unplug connector.
Installing
– Installation is carried out in the reverse sequence.
The handbrake does not have to be adjusted after installing the
handbrake switch.
7. Handbrake 87
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
Removing
– Release handbrake.
– Use hook to release cover in storage compartment in centre
console (rear) and remove cover.
– Loosen adjustment nut on handbrake cable until the hand‐
brake cables -3- can be unhooked from the compensator -4-
(left and right sides).
– Raise vehicle.
– Detach handbrake cables from brake calipers ⇒ page 83 (left
and right).
– Unfasten bolt (right-side) on axle beam (right-side) and detach
bracket with handbrake cable.
– Detach handbrake cable (right-side) from compensator.
– Unclip guide tube (right-side) ⇒ Item 1 (page 87) from bracket
⇒ Item 2 (page 87) , do not loosen nut ⇒ Item 3 (page 87) .
– Carefully pull out handbrake cable (right-side) from guide tube
(right-side).
– Unfasten bolt (left-side) on axle beam (left-side) and detach
bracket with handbrake cable.
– Detach handbrake cable left-side) from compensator.
– Unclip guide tube (left-side) ⇒ Item 11 (page 87) from bracket
(left-side) ⇒ Item 10 (page 87) .
– Carefully pull out handbrake cable (left-side) from guide tube
(left-side).
Installing
Note
– Pull handbrake cables (left and right) -3- out of front end of
relevant guide tube -2-.
– Engage handbrake cables (left and right) -3- in compensator
-4-.
– Pretension handbrake cable with adjustment nut on compen‐
sator -4-.
Note
Note
♦ Both rear wheels must turn freely when handbrake lever is not
pulled (released position).
♦ The handbrake lever must return by itself to released position
if not pulled up to the first catch.
♦ The adjustment nut on the compensator must be screwed past
the end of the pull rod.
7. Handbrake 89
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
– Release handbrake.
– Use hook to release cover in storage compartment in centre
console (rear) and remove cover.
– The handbrake cable -5- must be routed free of stress.
Do not pull up the handbrake lever -1- more than 2 degrees when
adjusting the handbrake.
– Tighten adjustment nut on compensator -2- until levers on
brake caliper -4- lift away from stop -3-.
– The sum of distances -a- between lever on brake caliper -4-
and stop -3- on both sides of vehicle must be at least 1 mm
(with handbrake lever in released position).
– The distance on one side must not exceed 4 mm.
– The distance -a- to stop -3- on one side must be greater than
0 mm, however not greater than 4 mm.
– Apply handbrake firmly 3 times and then release.
– With handbrake released, check whether both wheels turn
freely. Check whether the distances -a- meet specifications.
– If the handbrake lever is pulled up to the first catch, there must
be a slight brake effect on the rear wheels.
If necessary, adjust via the adjustment nut.
Note
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
8 Brake pedal
WARNING
1 - Brake servo
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 122
2 - Brake light switch on brake
master cylinder
3 - Mounting bracket
❑ With crash bar
4 - Bearing bush
❑ Before installing, lubri‐
cate pivot points with
polycarbamide grease -
G 052 142 A2- .
5 - Hexagon nut
❑ 25 Nm
6 - Hexagon nut
❑ 25 Nm
7 - Brake pedal
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 91
❑ Separating from brake
servo ⇒ page 92
❑ Before installing, lubri‐
cate pivot points with
polycarbamide grease -
G 052 142 A2- .
8 - Cap
9 - Hexagon bolt
8. Brake pedal 91
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
Note
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Separating
– Remove driver's storage compartment: ⇒ Rep. Gr. 68
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
8. Brake pedal 93
Audi TT 2007 ➤
Brake system - Edition 04.2009
47 – Brakes - hydraulics
1 High-pressure and low-pressure
tests
1.1 Tests
Special tools and workshop equipment required
♦ Tester for brake pressure regulator -V.A.G 1310A-
High-pressure test:
Note
Make sure that the brake system (master cylinder, brake hoses,
brake lines and brake calipers) works properly and is free of leaks.
– The pressure should not drop by more than 1 bar within the
test period of 3 minutes.
Renew brake master cylinder if drop in pressure exceeds the
specification.
Note
1 - Protective cap
❑ Fit onto bleeder valve
2 - Bleeder screw, 10 Nm
❑ Before screwing in,
grease thread with thin
coat of lithium grease -G
052 150 A2- .
3 - Protective caps
❑ Insert into bearing bush
4 - Guide pin, 30 Nm
5 - Bearing bush
❑ Insert into brake caliper
housing
6 - Brake caliper housing
❑ Brake caliper with vibra‐
tion damper ⇒ page 74
7 - Brake carrier
❑ Bolt to brake caliper
housing
8 - Retaining spring
❑ Insert both ends in holes
in brake caliper housing
9 - Seal
❑ Do not damage when in‐
serting piston
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 97
10 - Piston
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 97
❑ Apply a thin coat of lithi‐
um grease -G 052 150 A2- to piston
11 - Protective cap
❑ Push outer sealing lip onto piston
❑ Do not damage when inserting piston
❑ Removing and installing ⇒ page 97
Removing
– Force piston out of brake caliper using compressed air.
Place a piece of wood in the recess to prevent damaging the pis‐
ton.
– Press the piston into the brake caliper using piston resetting
appliance -1-.
The outer sealing lip of the protective cap will then lock in the
groove on piston.
Note
1 - Brake carrier
❑ Bolt to brake caliper
housing
2 - Guide pin
❑ 30 Nm
3 - Protective caps
❑ Insert into bearing bush
4 - Protective cap
❑ Push onto bleeder valve
5 - Bleeder valve
❑ Before screwing in,
grease thread with thin
coat of lithium grease -G
052 150 A2- .
❑ 15 Nm
6 - Bearing bush
❑ Insert into brake caliper
housing
7 - Brake caliper housing
❑ Brake caliper with vibra‐
tion damper ⇒ page 74
8 - Retaining spring
❑ Note correct installation
position.
❑ Engage onto both brake
caliper housing studs
and onto outer pad re‐
taining spring.
9 - Protective cap
❑ Do not damage when in‐
serting piston
❑ Apply a thin coat of lithium grease -G 052 150 A2-
10 - Piston
❑ Apply a thin coat of lithium grease -G 052 150 A2- to piston
11 - Seal
❑ Apply a thin coat of lithium grease -G 052 150 A2-
Removing
– Force piston out of brake caliper housing using compressed
air.
Note
Note
When removing ensure that the bore of the cylinder is not dam‐
aged.
Installing
– The surface of the piston and seal should be cleaned using
only methylated spirits and then dried.
– Apply a thin coat of lithium grease -G 052 150 A2- to piston
and seal before inserting.
– Using the removal wedge -3409- , insert inner seal into groove
of brake caliper.
Note
The inner sealing lip on the protective cap will then locate in the
piston groove.
Note
Note
1 - Bolt
❑ Self-locking
❑ Always renew if re‐
moved
❑ When loosening and
tightening, counter-hold
on guide pin
❑ 35 Nm
2 - Bleeder screw
❑ Before screwing in,
grease thread with thin
coat of lithium grease -G
052 150 A2-
❑ 10 Nm
3 - Protective cap
4 - Guide pin
❑ Lubricate before instal‐
ling protective cap
5 - Protective cap
❑ Insert onto brake carrier
and guide pin
6 - Brake carrier with guide
pins and protective caps
❑ Replacement carriers
are supplied assembled
and with sufficient
grease on guide pins
❑ If protective caps or
guide pins are dam‐
aged, renew using re‐
pair kit. Use grease sa‐
chet supplied to lubri‐
cate the guide pins.
7 - Protective cap
❑ Push outer sealing lip onto piston
8 - Piston with automatic adjustment
❑ Removing and installing ⇒ page 106
Removing
– Screw piston out of brake caliper by turning knurled wheel anti-
clockwise.
Insert piston compressing tool (make sure that the collar contacts
the piston).
♦ If piston will not move easily, a 13 mm open-end spanner can
be applied at the flats provided -arrow A-.
– Using the removal wedge -3409- , insert the inner sealing lip
into the groove of cylinder.
Note
Note
– Open bleeder screw -arrow A- and fill with brake fluid from a
commercially available bleeder container until bubble-free flu‐
id emerges from hole (brake hose connection) -arrow B-.
Close bleeder screw.
Note
WARNING
When topping up brake fluid with, for example, brake filling and
bleeding equipment -VAS 5234- or upgrade kit and extraction unit
-V.A.G 1869/4- , make sure the filling pressure does not exceed
1 bar.
The brake fluid pressure must be reduced to 1 bar on brake filling
and bleeding equipment ⇒ VAS 5234 or V.A.G 1869 operating
instructions .
Note
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
Make sure that the brake fluid reservoir does not drain completely.
– Detach protective cap on bleeder screw of brake caliper.
– Attach bleeder hose of bleeder bottle to bleeder valve of brake
caliper.
– Build up pressure in brake system by pumping brake pedal.
Note
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
2 - Brake servo
❑ On some vehicle types,
the vacuum required is
taken exclusively from
the intake manifold
❑ Vehicles with OHBV are
fitted with brake servo
vacuum sender -G483
⇒ page 17
Checking function
♦ With the engine switched
off, firmly depress the brake
pedal several times (this re‐
duces the vacuum present
in the servo unit).
♦ Depress brake pedal and
hold.
♦ Start engine.
♦ If the brake servo unit is
working properly, the pedal
will give noticeably under
the foot.
❑ Separating from brake
pedal ⇒ page 92
❑ Removing and installing
⇒ page 122
❑ Removing and installing
(TT RS) ⇒ page 126
Note
Note
5 - Heat shield
❑ Allocation ⇒ ETKA
6 - Hexagon nut
❑ Self-locking
❑ Always renew if removed
❑ 20 Nm
7 - Brake line
❑ Brake master cylinder/secondary piston circuit to hydraulic unit
❑ 14 Nm
8 - Brake line
❑ Brake master cylinder/primary piston circuit to hydraulic unit
❑ 14 Nm
9 - Sealing plug
❑ Lubricate with brake fluid and insert into brake master cylinder
10 - Brake fluid reservoir
❑ Lubricate with brake fluid and insert in sealing plugs in brake master cylinder
❑ With integrated warning contact for brake fluid level (gradual introduction)
❑ Brake fluid reservoir must be removed before renewing warning contact
❑ Press brake fluid reservoir into sealing plugs
❑ Removing and installing ⇒ page 115
11 - Filler cap
❑ With integrated float and warning contact for brake fluid level
12 - Vacuum pipe
❑ With non-return valve
13 - Sealing plug
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
Note
Note
WARNING
Note
Note
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
Removing
Special tools and workshop equipment required
♦ Torque wrench -V.A.G 1331-
♦ Brake filling and bleeding equipment -V.A.G 1869-
♦ Upgrade kit and extraction unit -V.A.G 1869/4-
♦ Brake filling and bleeding equipment -VAS 5234-
♦ Sealing plug repair kit, Part No. -1H0 698 311 A-
– Unplug electrical connector -1-.
– Unclip air duct leading to air cleaner housing -arrows- or unbolt
on both sides.
– Detach air duct from air cleaner.
– Lift off engine cover panel in direction of arrow.
TFSI engine
– Lift off engine cover panel in direction of arrow.
– Depending on engine version, remove noise amplifier
⇒ page 129 .
– Remove brake light switch ⇒ page 13 .
– To protect against escaping brake fluid, place a sufficient
number of lint-free cloths in area beneath brake master cylin‐
der.
– Draw off as much brake fluid as possible from brake fluid res‐
ervoir using brake filling and bleeding equipment -VAS 5234-
or upgrade kit and extraction unit -V.A.G 1869/4- .
WARNING
– Disconnect brake lines -3- from brake master cylinder and seal
brake lines with plugs from repair kit.
– Unscrew securing nuts -1- for brake master cylinder.
– Detach heat shield.
– Unclip brake fluid reservoir at position -2- and pull off upwards.
– Detach brake master cylinder from brake servo.
Installing
Installation is performed in reverse sequence; note the following:
– Renew seal between brake master cylinder and brake servo.
– When fitting brake master cylinder, make sure that push rod
is correctly positioned in brake servo.
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
WARNING
– Disconnect brake lines -3- from brake master cylinder and seal
brake lines with plugs from repair kit.
– Unscrew securing nuts -1- for brake master cylinder.
– Detach heat shield.
– Unclip brake fluid reservoir at position -2- and pull off upwards.
– Detach brake master cylinder from brake servo.
Installing
Installation is performed in reverse sequence; note the following:
– Renew seal between brake master cylinder and brake servo.
– When fitting brake master cylinder, make sure that push rod
is correctly positioned in brake servo.
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
1 - Brake servo
❑ Removing and installing
(TT RS) ⇒ page 126
2 - Brake light switch
❑ On brake servo
6 - Bolt
❑ 25 Nm
8 - Brake pedal
Removing
Note
Note
Note
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
1 - Brake servo
2 - Brake light switch
❑ On brake servo
– Remove brake light
switch (TT RS)
⇒ page 13 .
6 - Bolt
❑ 25 Nm
8 - Brake pedal
Removing
Special tools and workshop equipment required
♦ Torque wrench -V.A.G 1331-
♦ Brake filling and bleeding equipment -V.A.G 1869-
♦ Upgrade kit and extraction unit -V.A.G 1869/4-
♦ Brake filling and bleeding equipment -VAS 5234-
♦ Sealing plug repair kit, Part No. -1H0 698 311 A-
– Release brake servo vacuum by pressing the brake pedal
several times.
– Remove brake light switch (TT RS) ⇒ page 13 .
– Remove brake master cylinder (TT RS) ⇒ page 119 .
Note
Note
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.
Note
Note
Make sure the noise amplifier is clipped into all three rubber buf‐
fers on the bracket.
8 Exhauster pumps
The exhauster pump is driven mechanically.
Removing and installing (TDI engine) ⇒ page 131
Removing and installing (TFSI engine) ⇒ page 133
Removing and installing (TT RS) ⇒ page 134
– Release the catches -arrows- on the side and detach the air
duct cover.
– Release the catches on the left and right -arrow A- and unclip
the air duct at the bottom -2-.
– Swivel the air duct at the bottom slightly to the rear and dis‐
engage the air duct at the bottom at the mounts -3-.
– Disengage the air pipe -1- from the air duct -arrow B-.
Caution
Take care not to damage the vacuum hose. The vacuum hose
must be renewed if it is damaged.
Note
The noise insulation at the bottom must be removed for the bolts
-bottom arrow-.
Note
Renew seal.
Note
– Clip in the catches -arrows- on the side and fit the air duct
cover.
– Install engine cover panel.
Caution
Take care not to damage the vacuum hose. The vacuum hose
must be renewed if it is damaged.
Note
Renew seal.
Removing
– Lift off engine cover panel -1-.
WARNING
Note
Renew seal.
– Fit all bolts -1- to sealing flange of exhauster pump and tighten
to 9 Nm.
– Push vacuum hose -2- onto connection of exhauster pump.
Note
WARNING
Before driving vehicle for the first time, make sure function of
brakes is OK.