Chapter
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Introduction
• The Internet
• Interconnected mesh of computers and data lines
• Connecting millions of people and organizations
• Foundation of the digital revolution.
• The web
• Provides an easy-to-use interface to Internet resources
• To be effective and efficient
• End user awareness of the resources available on the Internet and the
web
The Internet and the Web
• The Internet
• Large global network connecting smaller networks all over the globe
• The Internet launched in 1969
• The United States funded a project to develop a national computer network
• ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
• World Wide Web or WWW was introduced in 1991
• The Internet and the web are NOT the same
• The Internet is the physical network
• The web is a multimedia interface to the resources available on the Internet
Web
• Web 1.0
• 1st generation
• Linking existing information focus
• Search programs were created
• Provide links to websites with specific words or phrases
• Web 2.0
• Dynamic content creation
• Facebook is most common in Web 2.0
• Web 3.0
• Current generation
• Personalized content creation for users
Common Internet Uses
• Communicating
• E-mail, photos, videos
• Discussions
• Shopping
• Searching
• Virtual libraries
• Education or e-learning
• Entertainment
Internet Access Providers
• Internet Service Provider (ISP)
• Common way to access the Internet
• Provide a path to access the Internet
• Use telephone lines, cable, and/or wireless connections
• Most common providers
• Verizon, Comcast, Sprint, T-Mobile, AT&T
• ISPS connect using connection technologies
• DSL, Cable, Wireless
Connecting to the Internet
An IP address is a sequence of numbers that
uniquely identifies each computer or device
connected to the Internet
A domain name is a text-based name that
corresponds to the IP address
A DNS server translates the domain name into
its associated IP address
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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 2-5
Browsers
• Provide access to web resources
• Allow you to explore the web
• Uncomplicated interface to the Internet
• Connect to remote computers
• File transfer
• Display many varieties of multimedia
• Popular Web browsers include:
• Mozilla Firefox
• Apple Safari
• Microsoft Edge
• Google Chrome
URLs
• Uniform Resource Locator
• Location or address of resource
• https is the most common for web traffic
• Two parts
• Protocol
• Rules for exchanging data
• Domain name
• Where resource is located
Top-Level Doman (TLD)
• Top-level domain (TLD) or Web Suffix
• Identifies the type of organization
• .com Commercial
• .edu Educational
• .gov Government
• .mil U.S. military
• .net Network
HTML and Hyperlinks
• Hypertext Markup Language
• Markup language for displaying web pages
• Browsers interpret HTML commands
• Display document as a web page
• Hyperlinks or links
• Connect to other web pages
• Text files
• Graphic images
• Audio and Video Clips
Web Utilities
• Specialized utility programs that make using the Internet and
web safer and easier
• Plug-Ins
• Filters
• File Transfer Utilities
• Internet Security
Suites
E-mail Systems
• Client-based
• E-mail client
• Must be installed on computer
• Apple Mail
• Microsoft Outlook
• Web-based
• Webmail client
• No installation necessary -- free
• Google’s Gmail
• Microsoft’s Hotmail
• Yahoo!’s Yahoo!mail
Social Networking
• Connecting people and organizations that share a common interest or activity
• Three most popular:
• Facebook
• Facebook Profiles
• Facebook Pages
• Facebook groups
• Google+
• Circles
• Hangouts
• LinkedIn
• Business-oriented
Blogs, Microblogs
• Web logs or blogs
• Personal news pages
• Date/time-stamped
• Arranged with the most recent items shown first
• Microblogs
• Short status updates
• Most common is Twitter
• Tweets are Twitter messages
Webcasts, Podcasts, Wikis
• Webcast
• Streaming technology for live broadcast of audio and video
• No files after streaming ends
• Podcast
• Must download files to use
• Can transfer to media player
• Wiki
• Specially designed Web site
• Allows visitors to edit the contents
• Supports collaborative writing
Search Tools
• Search Services
• Operate websites
• Spiders
• Look for new information and update websites
• Search Engines
• Assist in locating specific information
• Specialized Search Engines
• Focus on subject specific websites
Content Evaluation
• Content Evaluation
• Not everything on the Internet is accurate
• Authority
• Accuracy
• Objectivity
• Currency
Electronic Commerce
• E-commerce
• Buying and selling of goods over the Internet
• Three basic types
• Business-to-consumer (B2C)
• Consumer-to consumer (C2C)
• Business-to-business (B2B)
Security
• Payment methods must be fast,
reliable, and secure
• Provide a convenient way to submit
buyers information
• Two options
• Credit card
• Fast and convenient
• Digital cash
• Internet’s equivalent to traditional
cash
• Converts digital cash to currency
through 3rd party
Cloud Computing
• Shifts computing activities from users’
computers to computers on the Internet
• Frees end-users from owning, maintaining, and
storing software programs and data
• Three basic components:
• Clients (end-users)
• Service providers
• The Internet
