Badminton Reviewer
Badminton Reviewer
A racquet/racket sport played by either two opposing players (Singles) or two opposing pairs (Doubles) who
takes positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court that is divided by a net.
Objective of the Game
The objective of the game is to hit the shuttlecock back and forth across the net preventing it to fall on the
ground and to make the opponent commit fault in order to gain point.
Badminton consists of Five (5) events namely: Men’s Singles, Women’s Singles, Men’s Doubles, Women’s
Doubles and Mixed Doubles. The player/s must score 21 points with 2 points advantage against an
opponent/s.
History
Sports historians cited that the sport Badminton has originated in ancient Greece about 2,000 years ago,
which spread to China, India, Japan, and Siam (Thailand).
200 to 500 BC – A game called “Ti Jian Zi” (shuttle kicking) was played in ancient China.
16th Century – A children’s game named Battledore (Paddle) and Shuttlecock was popular and played.
Over the next Century – Battledore and Shuttlecock became popular with the upper class in Europe.
1860 - The British army officers stationed in India were very much fascinated by the game “POONA” and they
took a competitive Indian version back to England where it was played at country houses as an upper class
amusement.
As early as 1860, a London toy dealer named Isaac Spratt published a booklet entitled Badminton Battledore –
A New Game, but no copy is known to have survived.
1873 - The new sport was introduced at the Badminton House in Gloucestershire, England. The Duke of
Beaufort was entertaining soldiers at his estate while others are playing Poona. Non-military guests began
referring to the game as Badminton Game, and thus later became known as Badminton.
1887 - J. H. E. Hart of the Bath Badminton Club drew up revised regulations and made the game applicable to
English ideas.
In 1890, Hart and Bagnel Wild again revised the rules. The Badminton Association of England (BAE) published
these rules in 1893 and officially launched the sport at a house called "Dunbar" in Portsmouth on 13
September.
1899 - The BAE started the first badminton competition, the All England Open Badminton Championships for
gentlemen's doubles, ladies' doubles, and mixed doubles. Singles competitions were added in 1900 and
an England–Ireland championship match appeared in 1904.
1934 - England, Scotland, Wales, Canada, Denmark, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, and New Zealand were
the founding members of the International Badminton Federation (IBF), now known as the Badminton World
Federation (BWF). India joined as an affiliate in 1936. The BWF now governs international badminton and
develops the sports globally.
In 1992, Badminton was officially granted Olympic status held in Barcelona Olympic Games.
1948 – Thomas Cup, the first big IBF tournament for Men’s Team Competition was established.
1977 – BWF World Championships was held and only the highest 64 players in the world, and a maximum of
four from each country can participate in any category.
EQUIPMENTS
Racket
• Before, rackets are made of wood but in the modern day are composed of Carbon fiber composite
(Graphite reinforced plastic), aluminum and titanium composites (nanocarbon) for added durability.
• Weighs about 80-100 grams w/ strings.
• Racket head is either isometric or oval.
• Racket strings should be about 0.62 to 0.73 mm in thickness with range of 80 to 160 N tension
• Shall not exceed 680 mm in Length and 230 mm in Width or 26.75 in. L x 9 in. W
Court
The court is rectangular and divided
into halves by a net. Courts are usually
marked for both singles and doubles
play, although badminton rules permit
a court to be marked for singles only.
The doubles court is wider than the
singles court, but both are of the same
length. The exception, which often
causes confusion to newer players, is
that the doubles court has a shorter
serve-length dimension.
The net is 1.55 metres (5 ft 1 inch) high at the edges and 1.524 metres (5 ft) high in the centre. The net posts
are placed over the doubles sidelines, even when singles is played and are extended 5 feet and 1 inch high
from the floor.
The minimum height for the ceiling above the court is not mentioned in the Laws of Badminton. Nonetheless,
a badminton court will not be suitable if the ceiling is likely to be hit on a high serve.
Grip
The choice of grip allows a player to increase the thickness of their racquet handle and choose a comfortable
surface to hold. A player may build up the handle with one or several grips before applying the final layer.
Replacement Grips are thicker and are often used to increase the size of the handle. Towelling grips are
always replacement grips.
Overgrips are thinner (less than 1 mm), and are often used as the final layer. Many players, however, prefer to
use replacement grips as the final layer.
Shuttlecock
A shuttlecock (often abbreviated to shuttle; also called a birdie) is a high-drag projectile, with an open conical
shape: the cone is formed from sixteen overlapping feathers embedded into a rounded cork base. The cork is
covered with thin leather or synthetic material. Synthetic shuttles are often used by recreational players to
reduce their costs as feathered shuttles break easily. These nylon shuttles may be constructed with either
natural cork or synthetic foam base and a plastic skirt.
LENGTH – 2.5 inches / 62-70mm
WEIGHT – 4.74 to 5.50 grams
BASIC SKILLS
Kinds of Strokes
Footwork – It is a technique of positioning the feet 1. Forehand Stroke
in moving about the court. 2. Backhand Stroke
3. Overhead Stroke
A. Ready Stance – Stride Standing position (feet
apart with knees a bit bended). Shot – it is the resultant speed, angle and
B. Side to Side (Defense) placement of the bird.
C. V-Front or Forward Forehand / Backhand
D. V-Back or Backward Forehand / Backhand 1. Clear – A high shot which falls near the
E. Front and Back backline.
2. Smash – A shot hit at steep angle. It is the
Grip – One of the most important aspects in basic offensive shot to win the rally
playing Badminton. With proper gripping 3. Drive – A hard horizontal strike that goes
techniques, one has better opportunity to develop straight and close to the net
deception, accuracy and power. 4. Drop – A hard horizontal strike that goes
straight and close to the next.
Kinds of Grip 5. Net Shot – Hitting the shuttle into the
1. Forehand Grip opponent’s forecourt, as close to the net as
2. Backhand Grip possible.
Strokes – it is the basic hitting pattern Serve – The act of putting the bird into play.
1. Low, Short Serve (Backhand) – the bird 7. If the bird held on the racket.
crosses close to the net and lands on or 8. If the player/s fails to return the bird to the
just beyond the short service line. opponent.
2. High, long Serve – the bird travels above 9. Obstructs the opponent.
the receivers reach and falls near the back 10. Undue delay of Service.
boundary lines.
3. Drive Serve – made by a quick flip of wrist
and bird/shuttle travels in direct line to “LET”
desired spot.
1. The “LET” is called by the umpire, or by the
RULES OF THE GAME players (if there is no umpire), to halt play.
2. A “LET” maybe given to any unforeseen or
Playing the Game accidental occurrence.
3. If a shuttle is caught on the net and remains
1. Before play commences, a toss of coin shall be suspended on top or, after passing over net is
conducted and the side winning the toss shall caught in the net, it shall be “let” except on
exercise the choice in either to serve or receive service.
first; to start play at one end of the court or 4. If, during service, the receiver and server are
the other. The side losing the toss shall then both faulted at same time, it shall be a “LET”.
exercise the remaining choice. 5. If the server serves before the receiver is
2. The service must be delivered to the diagonal ready.
service court. The bird that lands on the line is 6. If, during play, the shuttle disintegrates and
considered good. the base completely separates from the rest of
3. The player may take any position after the the shuttle.
service is completed. 7. If the line judge is unsighted and the umpire is
4. In Singles, when the score is zero or even unable to make decision, it shall be a”LET”.
number, both players should on the Right
Service Court (RSC). When the score is odd TERMINOLOGIES
number, both players should stay on the Left
Service Court (LSC). ACE – A serve which is not hit by the opponent.
FAULT – Infraction of the rules which result to the
loss of service or point.
Scoring GAME / SET – consist of 21 points.
LET – An incident which requires the replay of the
1. The sides that wins the rally adds one point to rally.
its score. LOVE – Term used to indicate the score of zero.
2. The side that first score 21 points wins the MATCH – Consists of best of 3 games or set.
set/game. SERVER - The player who puts the bird in play.
3. If the score is 20-all, the sides who gains 2 RECEIVER – The player to whom the bird is served.
points advantage is the winner of the set. BIRD / BIRDIE – Another term for shuttlecock.
4. If the score reaches 29-all, the first to score RALLY POINT SYSTEM – The new scoring system
30th point is the winner of the set. that was adopted on February 2006.
5. The side that wins the set shall serve first in
the next set/game.
6. In all events, when one side reaches 11 points, GENERAL RULES/REGULATIONS
a 60 seconds break is given to players. 1. Serving
Between first and second set, a 2 minute break a. The server must keep both feet in
is allowed to both sides. Another 2 minute contact with the floor at the time of the
break is allowed between the second and third serve.
set. b. The bird must be contacted below
the waist.
c. The racket head must be below the
Faults in Serving and Receiving server’s wrist
d. The server should not serve until
1. The bird struck above the server’s waist or the the receiver is ready; the opponent is
head of the racket is higher than the hand. deemed ready if a return is attempted.
2. If the bird’s land outside the specified court, e. Partners of the server and receiver
passes through or under the net. may stand anywhere on the court
3. If the server or receiver steps out of his/her providing they do not obstruct the
proper court before delivery of the service. opponent’s view.
4. If the server steps forward as he/she serves. f. A bird that touches the net on the
5. If the player touches the net by his/her racket serve and goes into the proper service
and any part of his/her body. court is legal.
6. If the player/s hits the bird twice in succession.
g. If the server misses the bird on the i. The player touches the net while
serve attempt, it still counts. In singles and the bird is in play.
doubles the serve would go to the j. The bird is hit twice in succession
opponent. The serve is lost to the by one/both partners.
opponent. k. The bird is held, caught, or carried
on the racket when struck.
1. Serving Order – SINGLES l. A player obstructs an opponent.
a. The first serve of the game and all 7. Let (a play allowed to be replayed)
following serves, when the server’s score is a. The bird becomes caught in or on
an even number, are made from the right the net after passing over the net.
service court. b. The bird hits the basketball
b. All serves, when the server’s score is an supports or net.
odd number, are made from the left c. The following situations occur
service court. before the next serve and if the offending
c. When a rally is lost, the receiving player side wins the rally:
becomes the server and scores a point 1. The correct server serves from
2. Serving Order – DOUBLES the wrong court.
a. There is only one server in 2. The wrong server serves from
doubles. either the correct/incorrect service court.
b. At the beginning of the game and 3. The correct receiver receives
when the score is EVEN, the server serves court.
from the RIGHT COURT. When the score is
ODD, the server serves from the LEFT BASIC SKILLS
COURT. 1. Forehand Grip
c. If the serving side wins a rally, the - with the racket head perpendicular to the
serving side scores a point and the same floor, shakehands with the grip so the “V”
person serves again from the alternate formed by the thumb and forefinger is on
court. the top of the handle.
d. If the receiving side wins a rally, the 2. Backhand Grip
receiving side scores a point. The receiving - using a forehand grip, rotate the hand
side becomes the new serving side. slightly so the thumb is along and parallel
e. The players do not change their to the wide side of the handle.
respective service courts until they win a 3. Footwork
point when their side is serving. You only 1. Move toward the shot with short steps
change sides of the court, from left to and end with a long stride.
right, when your team has scored while 2. Most shots are played with the body at
serving right angles to the net.
3. The winners of the first game serve first in 3. In the ready position the racket is held
the next game. high, the knees are slightly bent, and the
4. Birds falling on the lines are considered body weight is on
good. 4. Shot
5. During a rally, a bird that touches the net Clear – a shot used to drive your
and goes over is in play. opponent away from the net or forecourt
6. A fault (violation of rules) occurs if: or to slow the game. The bird should fly
a. On the service, any part of the above the opponent’s reach and fall within
racket head is higher than the server’s one foot of the baseline.
wrist and contact is made above the waist. Smash – an attacking shot made at
b. The service fails to cross the net or the limit of one’s upward reach and slightly
go into the proper service court. in front of the shoulder. At the moment of
c. The feet of the server and receiver are contact, the arm and wrist come down
not in the proper courts at time of service. forcibly.
d. The server hesitates or stops Drive – A flat shot kept as low as
(feint/balk) the service motion or misses possible and is second only to the smash as
the bird. an attacking shot.
e. The improper receiver returns the Drop Shot – any shot that drops
bird on the serve. immediately after crossing the net. The
f. A bird hit into the net, under the descent of the bird is controlled with little
net, against the wall or ceiling is out- of- follow-through.
bounds. Net Shot – any shot played as near
g. A player hits the bird before it to the net as possible, controlled by wrist
crosses the net. and forearm. The hairpin shot is an
h. The bird touches a player or example of a net shot.
clothing. 5. Serves
1. High and deep (singles) – take a right service court. When the server’s score is odd,
position near and on the proper side of the the serve will be from the left service court.
center line and about four feet behind the b. If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point
short service line. Drop the bird on the and will then serve again from the alternate service
racket side and swing the racket forward. court.
2. Low and short (doubles) – take a c. If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a
position closer to the front service line. The point and becomes the new server. They serve from
racket is swung forward with little follow- the appropriate service court – left if the score is
through. odd and right if it is even.
3. Drive (flick) – a quick snap of the
wrist in the backhand grip with the bird
held directly in front of the body. The bird
travels in a direct line at the receiver 3. Serving Order - Doubles
a. A team will only have one player serve per
“service”.
Game Rules/Scoring b. At the beginning of the game and when the score
Players is even (0,2,4,6, etc.) the server serves from the
1. Singles – one player on a side. right service court. When it is odd (1,3,5,7, etc.) the
2. Doubles – two players on a side. server serves from the left service court.
3. Mixed Doubles – one male and one female c. If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side
partner opposing a male and female opponent. scores a point and the same server serves again
from the alternate service court.
d. If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side
Scoring
scores a point. The receiving side becomes the new
1. Rally scoring allows for a point to be won by
serving side.
either team regardless of which team is serving.
e. The players do not change their respective service
2. Both singles and doubles games are won with 21
courts until they win a point when their side is
points.
serving.
3. The side winning a rally adds a point to their
score.
4. At 20 all, the side that gains a 2 point lead first, 4. The winners of the first game serve first in the
wins that game. next game.
5. At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point wins that
game.
6. In the third game of singles and doubles, players 5. Birds falling on the lines are considered good.
change sides when a side scores 11 points.
7. A match is won by winning two out of three 6. During a rally, a bird that touches the net and
games. goes over is in play.