General Mathematics

Quarter 1 – Module 19:

Representation of Logarithmic
Function
General Mathematics – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 19: Representation of Logarithmic Functions
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Frances Ann S. Genese

Editor: Jocelyn V. Ramirez
Reviewer: Chelsea Mae B. Brofar
Illustrator: Frances Ann S. Genese
Layout Artist: Louiegene T. Donato
Cover Design: LRMDS-Bataan

Management Team:
Schools Division Superintendent : Romeo M. Alip, PhD, CESO V
OIC-Asst. Schools Division Superintendent: William Roderick R. Fallorin
Chief Education Supervisor, CID : Milagros M. Peñaflor, PhD
Education Program Supervisor, LRMDS : Edgar E. Garcia, MITE
Education Program Supervisor, AP/ADM : Romeo M. Layug
Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics: Danilo C. Caysido
District Supervisor, Limay : Elma P. Dizon
Division Lead Book Designer : Kenneth G. Doctolero
District LRMDS Coordinator, Limay : Melbourne L. Salonga
School LRMDS Coordinator : Melbourne L. Salonga
School Principal : Reynaldo B. Visda
District Lead Layout Artist, Gen. Mathematics: Melbourne L. Salonga
District Lead Illustrator, Gen. Mathematics: Rommel Magcalas
District Lead Evaluator, Gen. Mathematics: Karl Angelo R. Tabernero

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Bataan

Office Address: Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan
Telefax: (047) 237-2102
E-mail Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph
General Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 19:
Representation of Logarithmic
Functions
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the General Mathematics – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on Representation of Logarithmic Function!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or

facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum

while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also

aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into

consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the

body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this

module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to

manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist

the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

1
For the learner:

Welcome to the General Mathematics – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on Representation of Logarithmic Function!

Logarithmic function is the inverse of exponential functions in the family of

functions. When calculating the result of bx, this will lead us to exponential
functions. Logarithmic functions will be calculated in the form of the equation f(x) =
bx or y=bx. Calculating logarithm is the same as solving the exponent for a given base
raised to a certain power and arrive to another value. In this case, exponent becomes
the output rather than input.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

2
 What’s More This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your

Assessment
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given

Additional Activities
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

This contains answers to all activities in the

Answer Key
module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.

3
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

4
 What I Need to Know

We learned on our previous modules that a logarithmic function is a type of function

containing logarithm/s. It is commonly expressed as:

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥.

Today’s lesson will help you to:

1. Represent logarithmic function through its: (a) table of values, (b) graph, and
(c) equation M11GM-Ii-2

5
 What I Know

Fact or Bluff. Write Fact if the given statement is True and Bluff if not.

__________________ 1. The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 has b>1 for all 0<b<1.

__________________ 2. If the graph has no y intercept, then x intercept is 1.

__________________ 3. The domain is the set of all positive numbers.

__________________ 4. A one-to-many function satisfy a Horizontal Line Test.

__________________ 5. The graph of a logarithmic function can only appear to the

right of the y-axis.

__________________ 6. In the graph, for every small values of x, close to x=0, it gets
closer to y-axis.

__________________ 7. Logarithmic functions are closely related to inverse functions.

__________________ 8. Common Logarithms has a base of 10.

__________________ 9. The equivalent of natural logarithm is approximately

2.718281828.

__________________ 10. The exponential form x=ay can be written as 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥.

__________________ 11. The table of values are used to input the range to come up
with the domain.

__________________ 12. The graph of y = logax is not symmetrical to the graph of y =

ax with respect to the line y = x.

__________________ 13. The domain of y=loga(x) is the range of y =ax.

__________________ 14. The range of y=loga(x) is the domain of y =ax.

__________________ 15. If a logarithm written has no based, then it is assumed to be

a common logarithm.

6
 Lesson
Representation of
1 Logarithmic Function
Logarithmic function can be presented in three ways: (a) table of values, (b) graph,
and (c) equation.

From a given function, we will express it in the form of 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 and convert it to
exponential form. This process can help us easily fill out our table.

Table of values will be used to input a set of numbers that will serve as the domain
which will produce an output of another set of numbers which is the range of the
given function.

Using the produced set of ordered pairs, points will be plotted on the Cartesian plane
that will lead us to obtain the graph of the given logarithmic function.

What’s In

But before we further proceed with the said representations, check (√) ALL
characteristics of a graph of logarithmic function in the following statements:

Logarithmic functions graph passes by the points (1,0).

The graph of the function increases when its base is greater than 1.

The graph of the function decreases when its base is greater than 0 but less
than 1.

All numbers greater than 0 serves as the domain of the logarithmic function.

All real numbers gives the range of logarithmic function.

Asymptotic to the y-axis: The graph of logarithmic function becomes closer

to the y-axis but never crosses it.

7
 Notes to the Teacher
This module was written to prepare students in how they are to
represent a logarithmic function.

What’s New

Battleship. Form a group of at least four people to play this game, wherein three of
you will serve as the player while 1 will be the moderator and checker.

Mechanics of the game

Consider the 1st quadrant of the Cartesian plane, prepare a 3x3 scale (you can
increase the values if you want). Players will pick 3 points to represent the place of
their ships. Each round, the players will say a location by saying an ordered pair on
which your ship will throw a bomb. Your goal is to hit the ship of your opponents
and protect your ship. The player who has the highest number of ships standing at
the end of agreed rounds will be declared as the winner. The moderator will list down
all coordinated given by the players to countercheck and ensure that there are still
locations not stated.

Example of one player’s Cartesian plane should look like:

Have fun and keep your ship standing still during the battle.

8
 What is It

To help us remember the steps, we will use the acrostic E-T-P.

E-quation. Write the given function in the form of 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥 then rewrite the equation
in exponential form. Solve for the value of x.

T – able of values. It is suggested to indicate the values of y in order to get the values
of x for an easier substation of data.

P – lot points in the Cartesian Plane. Connect the points to finally obtain the graph
of your given function.

Let us consider the function, 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥.

Step 1: Equation

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥

𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥

𝟐𝒚 = 𝒙 Equation

Step 2: Table of Values

To easily get the pairs, we will fill out the y values and substitute each
point to 𝑥 = 2

When y=-2, When y=-1, When y=0,

𝒙=𝟐 𝒚 Y
x = 2y x = 2y x = 2y
-2 x = 2-2 x = 2-1 x = 20

x= x= x=1
-1

0
When y=-1, When y=2,

1 x = 2y x = 2y

x = 21 x = 22
2
x=2 x=4

9
We will obtain this table:
𝒙 = 𝟐𝒚 y

¼ -2

½ -1

1 0

2 1

4 2

Step 3: Plot the ordered pairs in the Cartesian Plane.

Let’s try the next example together by filling out the box with your answers. The
function is:

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥 + 1)

Step 1: Equation

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥 + 1)

𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥 + 1)

𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥 + 1)

10
 = x+1

X=

Step 2: Table of values

𝒙 = 𝟑𝒚 − 𝟏 y

-2

-1

0 0

8 2

Step 3: Plot the ordered pairs in the Cartesian Plane.

11
 What’s More

Now, try using E-T-P to represent the following functions.

1. 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟐𝒙

E – quation

T-able of Values

y -2 -1 0 1 2

P – lot the points

12
 𝟐. 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐 (𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑)

E – quation

T-able of Values

y 1 2 3 4 5

P – lot the points

13
 𝟑. 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 (𝟑 − 𝒙)

E – quation

T-able of Values

y 1 2 3 4 5

P – lot the points

14
 What I Have Learned

Using our acrostic E-T-P, how will you describe the ways in representing
logarithmic functions?

15
 What I Can Do

This year 2020, the world was greatly affected by the pandemic COVID 19. The
Philippines had reported over ten thousand cases by the month of June. Below is the
report from the University of the Philippines of confirmed cases, deaths and
recoveries.

Observe the graph and analyze. Describe the skewness present in the data. Show
the percentage of change. What do you think will be the probability of getting more
cases by the month of July as shown in the data?
Clue: Logistic Regression

A. Find the equation of the given function.

1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (3𝑥 − 1)

2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥 + 8)
3. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (4𝑥 + 3)
4. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥)
5. 𝑦 = ln 𝑥

16
B. Complete the table for 𝑓(𝑥) = ln(𝑥)

y -2 -1 0 1 2

C. Graph the function in Test B.

17
 Additional Activities

Sketch the graph of the following functions in one Cartesian Plane.

1. 𝑓(𝑥) = log(5𝑥)
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑥 − 1)
3. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (2𝑥 + 3)
4. 𝑓(𝑥) = ln(2𝑥)
5. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (5 − 𝑥)

18
 19
Additional Activities Assessment What’s More What’s More
A. 1. 𝑥 = 3. 𝑥 = −5 − 3 2. 𝑥 =
Note: Students
2. 𝑥 = 2 − 8 x y
answer may vary
3. 𝑥 = 5
for table of values 1
4
4. 𝑥 = 3 7
2
5. 𝑥 = 𝑒 4
B. 11
3
x y 4
19
0.1353 -2 4
0.3679 -1 4
35
1 0 5
4
2.7183 1
7.3891 2
C.
What’s More What Is It What I Know
3y 1. Fact
1. 𝑥 = 2. Fact
3y-1
x y 3. Fact
1 x y
4. Bluff
-2 −8
18 -2 5. Fact
1 9 6. Fact
-1 −2
6 -1 7. Bluff
1 3 8. Fact
0 0 0
2 9. Fact
3 2 1 10. Fact
1 8 2
2 11. Bluff
9 12. Bluff
2
2 13. Fact
14. Fact
15. Fact
Answer Key
References
Odell, J., 2020. 4.2 - Logarithmic Functions And Their Graphs. [online]
People.richland.edu. Available at:
<https://people.richland.edu/james/lecture/m116/logs/logs.html>
[Accessed 11 June 2020].

Yang, R., 2020. Characteristics Of Graphs Of Logarithmic Functions | College Algebra.

[online] Courses.lumenlearning.com. Available at:
<https://courses.lumenlearning.com/waymakercollegealgebra/chapter/cha
racteristics-of-logarithmic-functions/> [Accessed 21 June 2020].

2020 SailBoat. [image] Available at:

<https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vecteezy.co
m%2Fvector-art%2F623179-ocean-cruise-liner-ship-silhouette-
simple&psig=AOvVaw3ipevhcuWIteTBTeqNDtJ5&ust=1592989150667000&s
ource=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCPDv4pjJl-
oCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD> [Accessed 21 June 2020]

2020 Covid19 Graph. [image] Available at: <https://encrypted-

tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTwCCrWx6dH_WzT6J9khiWJeqOy0
wUml3ByAIk8DXy5_EuKTAUr&s> [Accessed 21 June 2020]

20
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph