Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following pair of figures are congruent figures?

A B C E F
D

G I J L
K
H

A. C, H B. C, D C. B, I D. B, J

2. If ABC  PQR, find Q.

R
A B
30

110
Q P
C

A. 30 B. 40 C. 100 D. 110

3. If ABC  AQR, find y.

x+9
C B

x2

y+6

Q R
13

A. 4 B. 12 C. 4 D. 12

4. If ABO  DCO, find the length of BC.

A
C

O
m
10 c
9

B
cm

D
A. 18 cm B. 19 cm C. 20 cm D. 21 cm

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Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles

5. If ABC  DEC, find x.

B E

x
C
x + 30
50

A D

A. 20 B. 50 C. 60 D. 80

6. State the reason for the following triangles to be congruent triangles.

A 2 F
E

6 7
7 6

112
15.4
C
B 2 D

A. S.S.S. B. S.A.S. C. A.A.S. D. R.H.S.

7.State the reason for the following triangles to be congruent triangles.

A 10
Q R

11
11

B C
10 P

A. R.H.S. B. S.A.S. C. S.S.S. D. A.S.A.

8. State the reason for the following triangles to be congruent triangles.

16
Y
A C
30 50
100 15
15 100
50 30
X Z
B 16
A. R.H.S. B. A.A.A. C. S.S.S. D. A.S.A.

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 Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles

9. Which of the following triangles are congruent? State the reason. (The figures may not be
drawn in scale.)
I. II. III. IV.
G
A B J
D

E K
H

C F I L

A. I and II, S.A.S. B. I and III, S.A.S.

C. I and IV, A.A.S. D. II and III, S.A.S.
10. Which of the following statements are correct?
I. Two squares with same area are congruent.
II. Two trapeziums with same area are congruent.
III. Two circles with same circumference are congruent.
IV. Two quadrilaterals with same perimeter are congruent.
A. I and II B. I and III C. III and IV D. I, II, III and IV

11. The figure shows regular octagon ABCDEFGH. Which of the following triangles is/are
congruent to ABO?
A

H B

G C
O

F D

E
I. AHO
II. CBO
III. OBC
A. I B. II C. I and II D. I, II and III

12. The figure shows regular hexagon ABCDEF. Find the length of BO.
A 11 cm B

F C
O

E D

A. 10 cm B. 11 cm C. 12 cm D. It cannot be found.

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Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles

13. The figure shows a circle with centre A. Find ADC.

B

55

A C

A. 35 B. 55 C. 70 D. 110

14. In the figure, ADCF, BGC and EGD are straight lines. Find y.
B E

y
35

70 70
A F
D C

A. 35 B. 65 C. 80 D. 100

15. In the figure, find x.

A 11
Q R

68
3x 4x
B C
11 P

A. 9.7 B. 16 C. 17 D. 22.7

16. If ABC  DEF, find x.

A

15 18 D
5 x
B C E F
21

A. 6 B. 7 C. 10 D. 13

17. If ABC  PQR, find x.

B R P
x
120
30
A C
Q

A. 10 B. 30 C. 50 D. 80

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 Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles

18. If ABC  PQR, find x.

A

30

Q
40

x
B C R P

A. 30 B. 40 C. 110 D. It cannot be found.

19. If RST  XYZ, find the length of YZ.

Y Z
R

3 cm 5 cm 10 cm

S T
7 cm X

A. 10 cm B. 12 cm C. 14 cm D. 15 cm

20. Given that XYZ  PQR. If X  60 and Z  32, find Q.
A. 78 B. 88 C. 98 D. 108

21. If ABC ~ ADE, find y.

A

x k
y
B C

24 k

D E
18

18x
A. 9 B. 14 C. x + 2k D.
x  24

22.If ABC ~ ADE, find the length of CE.

E

30 C

15
12

D A
B 9

A. 6 B. 9 C. 12 D. 18

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Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles

23. If ABC  DEF, find y.

A
x+3
x
2 C
B F
10 E 2
y
4
D
1 1
A. 3 B. 9 C. D.
9 3

24. Is the following pair of triangles similar? If yes, state the reason.
A
2
B 3
C 4

D
A. Yes; equiangular B. Yes; 3 sides proportional
C. Yes; ratio of 2 sides, inc.  D. No

25. Is the following pair of triangles similar? If yes, state the reason.
A B D E
75 40 65 40

F
C
A. Yes; equiangular B. Yes; 3 sides proportional
C. Yes; ratio of 2 sides, inc.  D. No

26. Is the following pair of triangles similar? If yes, state the reason.
D
B
2
A

2
4 3
3
E

1.5

C F

A. Yes; ratio of 2 sides, inc.  B. Yes; 3 sides proportional

C. Yes; equiangular D. No

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 Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles

27. Which of the following statements are correct?

I. Squares with different perimeters are similar.
II. Rhombuses with different areas are similar.
III. Right-angled triangles with different perimeters are similar.
IV. Circles with different areas are similar.
A. I and III B. I and IV C. II and III D. III and IV

28. Which of the following figures are congruent to their images after transformation?
I. An equilateral triangle is translated upwards.
II. A trapezium is reflected.
III. A pentagon is rotated in a clockwise direction.
A. I and II B. I and III C. II and III D. I, II and III

29. What additional information is required so that ABC ~ PQR?

A

P
B C Q

A. A  R B. AC  PR C. BC  QR D. A  P

30. If ABC ~ PQR, which of the following must be true?

BC AC
A. ACB  QRP , 
QR PR
AB PR
B. BCA  QRP , 
PQ AC
C. ABC  PQR, BCA  RPQ, CAB  PRQ
D. AB  PQ, BC  QR, AC  PR

31. In the figure, BCD is a straight line. Which of the following are true?
A

B D
C
I. ADB ~ CAB
II. ACD ~ ABD
III. ABC ~ DBA
A. I and II B. I and III C. II and III D. I, II and III

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Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles
32. In the figure, ABD and ACE are straight lines. Which of the following formulae can be used
to find the value of x?
x B 6
A D
3
9
C

x 3 9 x x 3 9 x
A.  B.  C.  D. 
x6 9 3 x6 6 9 3 6

33. In the figure, find x.

4
A B
65
2 5
C
x

15 6

47
D E
12
A. 65 B. 68 C. 112 D. 133

34. In the figure, EAC and EBD are straight lines. Find x.
E
x
A B
3
3

C D
12

A. 0.75 B. 1 C. 1.25 D. 4

35. In the figure, ABD and ACE are straight lines. Find x.
A

x
5
C
B 5

2 E

7
D

A. 2 B. 5 C. 7 D. 10

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 Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles

Level 1
1. Find the unknowns in the following figures.
(a) ABC  PQR (b) LMN  XYZ
L X
B Q

15 cm a
8 cm y 11 cm b
6 cm z

A C P R M N Y Z
5 cm x 9 cm c

2. Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) ABC  LMN (b) RST  XYZ
A L
S Y
c 12 cm

R X
8 cm c

7 cm b a 70
a
B C M N
b 6 cm T Z

3. Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) ABC  XYZ (b) RST  UVW
B Y R U

3 cm a
b 12 cm
C Z
10 cm
a T 55 W
30 b c 6 cm
6 cm c
A X S V

4. Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) LMN  XYZ (b) ABC  DEF
C A F D
65 a c
L X

b
40
25
b

80 60 a c
M N Y Z B E

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Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles
5. Find the unknowns in the following figures.
(a) ABC  PQR (b) DEF  XYZ
A
R Q D Z Y
b a c a
65 b

c 80
45 70 40 60
B C E F
P X

6. Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) ABC  XYZ (b) RST  UVW
A X
R
40 15 cm

b
35 cm c S T
V

120
b 60 c
B C Z Y W U
20 cm a a

7. Construct triangles with the given information, and measure the size of the smallest angle.
(Correct your answers to the nearest degree.)
(a) 5 cm, 5 cm, 5 cm (b) 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm

8. Construct triangles with the given information, and meas ure the size of the largest angle.
(Correct your answers to the nearest degree.)
(a) 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm (b) 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm

9. Construct triangles with the given information, and measure the length of the unknown side.
(Correct your answers to 1 decimal place.)
(a) AB  3 cm, AC  6 cm, CAB  45 (b) BC  5 cm, AC  9 cm, ACB  55

10. Construct triangles with the given information, and measure the length of the shortest side.
(Correct your answers to 1 decimal place.)
(a) AB  4 cm, ABC  55, CAB  65 (b) AB  6.5 cm, ABC  120, ACB  40

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 Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles

11. Name the pairs of congruent triangles and give the conditions for their congruence.
(a) (b)
X
J
A P
Z

K
Y
B C R Q I
(c) (d)
U R D L

V W T S E F N M

12. Name the pairs of congruent triangles and give the conditions for their congruence.
(a) (b)
Z P
Z
A

C B X Y Q R Y X
(c) (d)
M
D E G
E R

F N O F T

13. In each of the following, which two triangles are congruent? State the reason. (The figures
may not be drawn in scale.)
(a)
X Z
A P

B C Q R
Y
(b)
R
A X

P Q
B C Z

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Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles
14. In each of the following, which two triangles are congruent? State the reason. (The figures
may not be drawn in scale.)
(a)
A
P
Z X

R Q
B C Y

(b)
A P
Y X
65 40

40 65 65 40

B C Q R
Z

15. In each of the following, ABC ~ PQR. Find the unknowns. (The figures may not be drawn
in scale.)
(a) (b)
P P
A

y x 3
A
x 10 12
6 R
4 Q
4
B C Q R B C
5 10 y

16. In each of the following, ABC ~ PQR. Find the unknowns. (The figures may not be drawn
in scale.)
(a) (b)
P
A
P
A 35
x
50
x

85 y z 55 z y
45
B C Q R B C Q R

17. In each of the following, ABC ~ PQR. Find the unknowns. (The figures may not be drawn
in scale.)
(a) (b)
R Q
A z 43
A
Q x
14 21 4 y
y
43 78
B C P R B C
x 3 P

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 Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles
18. Must the following pairs of triangles be similar? If yes, state the reasons. (The figures may
not be drawn in scale.)
(a) (b)
A A
P
R
C
2

P R
C Q
B
Q B 4

19. Must the following pairs of triangles be similar? If yes, state the reasons. (The figures may
not be drawn in scale.)
(a) (b)
P
16
A B A
6
P Q
20 16
24 20 9
4 5 8

R
B C Q R
C 5 10

20. Must the following pairs of triangles be similar? If yes, state the reasons. (The figures may
not be drawn in scale.)
(a) (b)
A
P P
6
A
12 Q 4
8
5
8 C R

B C Q R
4 2 B

Level 2
21. Find the unknowns in the following figures.
(a) DEF  GHK (b) ABC  LMN
A
N M
D G y  30
3
E
y3 4 H
x
5 x2
68 62
B C
F K L

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Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles
22. Find the unknowns in the following figures.
(a) PLO  MLN (b) EFG  EFH
E

6 cm 2b

N G x  10 H
P 6 5y
L
x  20 a
45 7 cm
3.5 z3
M
O F

23. Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) ABD  CDB (b) ACD  ACB
A

8 cm
D C
37 68 10 cm (y  5) cm
5 cm x
(z  4) cm x

30 C
A B
(y  3) cm D B

24. Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) XYZ ~ PQR (b) ABC ~ ZYX
A
Z Y
20
X 25

3z
(y  6) cm
12 cm
135

Q
C


3 cm (x  2) cm y  30 x
2
X Y P R
9 cm 5 cm B Z

25. Find the unknowns in the following figures.

(a) PQR ~ MNL (b) PQR ~ TSR
T
P
Q
(y

3 cm 21 cm
2

P M
)c

45
m

x cm R
3z 8 cm 28 cm
4 cm y cm
cm

6 cm
(x

R
4

L
5

Q
)c

5 cm
m

N S

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 Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles

26. (a) Construct ABC with AB  AC  8 cm and BC  10 cm.

(b) Does ABC have two equal angles? What are they?

27. (a) Construct ABC with AB  6 cm、BC  8 cm and AC  10 cm.

(b) Measure the size of each angle and find the largest angle. (Correct your answer to the
nearest degree.)
(c) Which side is opposite to the largest angle? Is it the longest side?

28. In the figure, ABC is a straight line.

D

40
A C
(y  3) cm B 5 cm
(a) Write down a pair of congruent triangles and state the reason.
(b) Find x and y.

29. In the figure, BCD is a straight line.

E
x  20
A

55

y
B D
C
(a) Write down a pair of congruent triangles and state the reason.
(b) Find x and y.

30. In the figure, BDC and AEB are straight lines.

A

C
B D
4 3
(a) Write down a pair of similar triangles and state the reason.
(b) Find x.

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Chapter 10 Congruent and Similar Triangles
31. In the figure,
D
A
10 8

65 2x
65
C
13 12
15 E

B
(a) Write down a pair of similar triangles and state the reason.
(b) Find x.

Level 3
32. In the figures,
A

50

E D

x
B C
(a) Write down a pair of congruent triangles and state the reason.
(b) Find x.

33. In the figure, ADC, AEB, FBC and FED are straight lines.
A

D
E
7

F C
x B 6

(a) Write down a pair of similar triangles and state the reaso n.
(b) Find x.

122