14/11/21 21:27 Introduction to Networks -Cisco IOS Access


 Introduction to Networks v7.0
    

1 Networking Today   /  Basic Switch and End Device Configuration /  Cisco IOS Access
1.9.1 CCNA

1.9.2 Networking Jobs

Lab - Research IT and Networking

Cisco IOS Access
1.9.3
Job Opportunities

2.1.1
1.10 Module Practice and Quiz 

Operating Systems 
1.10.1 What did I learn in this module?

1.10.2 Module Quiz - Networking Today

All end devices and network devices require an operating system (OS). As shown in the figure, the portion of the OS that
interacts directly with computer hardware is known as the kernel. The portion that interfaces with applications and the user is
known as the shell. The user can interact with the shell using a command-line interface (CLI) or a graphical user interface (GUI).
Basic Switch and End Device
2 
Configuration

2.0 Introduction  Shell

2.0.1 Why should I take this module?

Kernel
What will I learn to do in this
2.0.2
module?
Hardware

2.1 Cisco IOS Access  User

Interface

2.1.1 Operating Systems

2.1.2 GUI

2.1.3 Purpose of an OS

2.1.4 Access Methods

2.1.5 Terminal Emulation Programs

Check Your Understanding - Cisco Shell - The user interface that allows users to request specific tasks from the computer. These requests can be made
2.1.6
IOS Access either through the CLI or GUI interfaces.
Kernel - Communicates between the hardware and software of a computer and manages how hardware resources are
2.2 IOS Navigation  used to meet software requirements.
Hardware - The physical part of a computer including underlying electronics.

2.3 The Command Structure 

When using a CLI, the user interacts directly with the system in a text-based environment by entering commands on the
2.4 Basic Device Configuration 
keyboard at a command prompt, as shown in the example. The system executes the command, often providing textual output.
The CLI requires very little overhead to operate. However, it does require that the user have knowledge of the underlying
2.5 Save Configurations  command structure that controls the system.

2.6 Ports and Addresses  analyst@secOps ~]$ ls

Desktop Downloads lab.support.files second_drive

[analyst@secOps ~]$
2.7 Configure IP Addressing 

2.8 Verify Connectivity 

2.1.2
2.9 Module Practice and Quiz 

GUI 

3 Protocols and Models 

A GUI such as Windows, macOS, Linux KDE, Apple iOS, or Android allows the user to interact with the system using an
4 Physical Layer  environment of graphical icons, menus, and windows. The GUI example in the figure is more user-friendly and requires less
knowledge of the underlying command structure that controls the system. For this reason, most users rely on GUI environments.

5 Number Systems 

6 Data Link Layer 

7 Ethernet Switching 

8 Network Layer 

9 Address Resolution 

10 Basic Router Configuration 

11 IPv4 Addressing 

12 IPv6 Addressing 

13 ICMP 

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However, GUIs may not always be able to provide all the features available with the CLI. GUIs can also fail, crash, or simply not
operate as specified. For these reasons, network devices are typically accessed through a CLI. The CLI is less resource intensive
14 and very stable when compared to a GUI.
Transport Layer 

The family of network operating systems used on many Cisco devices is called the Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS).
1 Networking Today  Cisco IOS is used on many Cisco routers and switches regardless of the type or size of the device. Each device router or switch
1.9.1 CCNA
type uses a different version of Cisco IOS. Other Cisco operating systems include IOS XE, IOS XR, and NX-OS.

1.9.2 Networking Jobs Note: The operating system on home routers is usually called firmware. The most common method for configuring a home
router is by using a web browser-based GUI.
Lab - Research IT and Networking
1.9.3
Job Opportunities

1.10 Module Practice and Quiz  2.1.3

1.10.1 What did I learn in this module? Purpose of an OS 

1.10.2 Module Quiz - Networking Today

Network operating systems are similar to a PC operating system. Through a GUI, a PC operating system enables a user to do the
Basic Switch and End Device following:
2 
Configuration
Use a mouse to make selections and run programs
Enter text and text-based commands
2.0 Introduction  View output on a monitor

2.0.1 Why should I take this module? A CLI-based network operating system (e.g., the Cisco IOS on a switch or router) enables a network technician to do the
following:
What will I learn to do in this
2.0.2
module? Use a keyboard to run CLI-based network programs
Use a keyboard to enter text and text-based commands
2.1 Cisco IOS Access  View output on a monitor

Cisco networking devices run particular versions of the Cisco IOS. The IOS version is dependent on the type of device being
2.1.1 Operating Systems
used and the required features. While all devices come with a default IOS and feature set, it is possible to upgrade the IOS
version or feature set to obtain additional capabilities.
2.1.2 GUI
The figure displays a list of IOS software releases for a Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch.

2.1.3 Purpose of an OS
Cisco Software Download Example
2.1.4 Access Methods

2.1.5 Terminal Emulation Programs

Check Your Understanding - Cisco

2.1.6
IOS Access

2.2 IOS Navigation 

2.3 The Command Structure 

2.4 Basic Device Configuration 

2.5 Save Configurations 

2.6 Ports and Addresses 

2.7 Configure IP Addressing 

2.8 Verify Connectivity 

2.9 Module Practice and Quiz 

2.1.4

3 Protocols and Models 

Access Methods 

4 Physical Layer  A switch will forward traffic by default and does not need to be explicitly configured to operate. For example, two configured
hosts connected to the same new switch would be able to communicate.

5 Number Systems  Regardless of the default behavior of a new switch, all switches should be configured and secured.

Method Description
6 Data Link Layer 
This is a physical management port that provides out-of-band access to a Cisco device. Out-of-band
access refers to access via a dedicated management channel that is used for device maintenance
purposes only. The advantage of using a console port is that the device is accessible even if no
7 Console
Ethernet Switching  networking services are configured, such as performing the initial configuration. A computer running
terminal emulation software and a special console cable to connect to the device are required for a
console connection.
8 Network Layer 
SSH is an in-band and recommended method for remotely establishing a secure CLI connection,
through a virtual interface, over a network. Unlike a console connection, SSH connections require active
Secure Shell (SSH) networking services on the device, including an active interface configured with an address. Most
9 Address Resolution  versions of Cisco IOS include an SSH server and an SSH client that can be used to establish SSH
sessions with other devices.

Telnet is an insecure, in-band method of remotely establishing a CLI session, through a virtual
10 Basic Router Configuration  interface, over a network. Unlike SSH, Telnet does not provide a secure, encrypted connection and
Telnet should only be used in a lab environment. User authentication, passwords, and commands are sent
over the network in plaintext. The best practice is to use SSH instead of Telnet. Cisco IOS includes both
11 IPv4 Addressing  a Telnet server and Telnet client.

Note: Some devices, such as routers, may also support a legacy auxiliary port that was used to establish a CLI session remotely
12 IPv6 Addressing  over a telephone connection using a modem. Similar to a console connection, the AUX port is out-of-band and does not require
networking services to be configured or available.

13 ICMP 

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2.1.5
14 Transport Layer 

Terminal Emulation Programs 

1 Networking Today 
1.9.1 CCNA

1.9.2 Networking Jobs There are several terminal emulation programs you can use to connect to a networking device either by a serial connection over
a console port, or by an SSH/Telnet connection. These programs allow you to enhance your productivity by adjusting window
Lab - Research IT and Networking sizes, changing font sizes, and changing color schemes.
1.9.3
Job Opportunities

1.10 Module Practice and Quiz   Click each program name to see a screen capture of the interface.

1.10.1 What did I learn in this module?

PuTTY Tera Term SecureCRT

1.10.2 Module Quiz - Networking Today

Basic Switch and End Device

2 
Configuration

2.0 Introduction 

2.0.1 Why should I take this module?

What will I learn to do in this

2.0.2
module?

2.1 Cisco IOS Access 

2.1.1 Operating Systems

2.1.2 GUI

2.1.3 Purpose of an OS

2.1.4 Access Methods

2.1.5 Terminal Emulation Programs

Check Your Understanding - Cisco

2.1.6
IOS Access

2.2 IOS Navigation 

2.3 The Command Structure 

2.4 Basic Device Configuration 

2.5 Save Configurations 

2.6 Ports and Addresses 

2.7 Configure IP Addressing 

  
2.8 Verify Connectivity 

2.9 Module Practice and Quiz 

2.1.6

3 Protocols and Models  Check Your Understanding - Cisco IOS Access 

4 Physical Layer 

 Check your understanding of Cisco IOS Access by choosing the BEST answer to the following questions.

5 Number Systems 
1. Which access method would be most appropriate if you were in the equipment
room with a new switch that needs to be configured?
6 Data Link Layer 
Console

Telnet/SSH
7 Ethernet Switching 
Aux

8 Network Layer  2. Which access method would be most appropriate if your manager gave you a
special cable and told you to use it to configure the switch?

Console
9 Address Resolution 
Telnet/SSH

Aux
10 Basic Router Configuration 

3. Which access method would be the most appropriate in-band access to the
IOS over a network connection?
11 IPv4 Addressing 
Console

Telnet/SSH
12 IPv6 Addressing 
Aux

13 ICMP 

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14/11/21 21:27 Introduction to Networks -Cisco IOS Access
4. Which access method would be the most appropriate if you call your manager
to tell him you cannot access your router in another city over the internet and
14 he provides you with the information to access the router through a telephone
Transport Layer 
connection?
Check
1 Networking Today  Console
1.9.1 CCNA
Show Me
Telnet/SSH

1.9.2 Networking Jobs Aux

Reset

Lab - Research IT and Networking

1.9.3
Job Opportunities

 Introduction 
2.0 2.2
1.10 Module Practice and Quiz  IOS Navigation

1.10.1 What did I learn in this module?

1.10.2 Module Quiz - Networking Today

Basic Switch and End Device

2 Configuration 

2.0 Introduction 

2.0.1 Why should I take this module?

What will I learn to do in this

2.0.2
module?

2.1 Cisco IOS Access 

2.1.1 Operating Systems

2.1.2 GUI

2.1.3 Purpose of an OS

2.1.4 Access Methods

2.1.5 Terminal Emulation Programs

Check Your Understanding - Cisco

2.1.6
IOS Access

2.2 IOS Navigation 

2.3 The Command Structure 

2.4 Basic Device Configuration 

2.5 Save Configurations 

2.6 Ports and Addresses 

2.7 Configure IP Addressing 

2.8 Verify Connectivity 

2.9 Module Practice and Quiz 

3 Protocols and Models 

4 Physical Layer 

5 Number Systems 

6 Data Link Layer 

7 Ethernet Switching 

8 Network Layer 

9 Address Resolution 

10 Basic Router Configuration 

11 IPv4 Addressing 

12 IPv6 Addressing 

13 ICMP 

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