Part 1

PART 1
1.Give the phonetic symbols for the following English sounds
a. voiceless stops:p,t,k
b.voiced fricatives ʒ, z, ð, v
c.approximants:h
d.alveolar stops t,d
e.nasals:n,m, ŋ
2.The following groups consist of sounds that share a phonetics feature plus one sound that does
not belong to this group. Underline the sound that does not belong to the group, and identify the
feature shared by the remaining sounds of the group.
Example: /l,d,s,t,k,z/ /k/ is a velar, the rest are alveolars
a./f, ∫, t∫,z, , ð, ʒ/ -----/ t∫/ is a africate, the rest are fricative
b. /t,z,n,m,d,l,s/ -------/ m/ is a bailabio, the rest are alveolar
c./n,g,v,s,z,r,m/--------/ s/ is a voiceless, the rest are voiced
d./m,w,p,b, ŋ/------ /, ŋ/ is a nasal, the rest are bailabial

3. Fill in the boxes with the appropriate label for the final sounds of each word.

sipped latex triumph bridge rough fought dogs palm

Place of alveolar
articulation
Manner of stop
articulation
Voicing voiced

4. Now do the same for the initial sounds of the same words.
sipped latex triumph bridge rough fought dogs palm
Place of
articulation
Manner of
articulation
Voicing

5.Fill in the boxes for the first vowels of the following words

park ocean make ember hamper fought hypocrite chew

Tongue low
height
Tongue
part
The shape
of lips
Length
tenseness

Part 2

Underline the correct answer.

1. Which of the following phonetic transcriptions corresponds to the following

phonetic description: voiced palato-alveolar affricate?
A . [ t] B. [ d] C. [dʒ] D. [tʃ]

2. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic description: voiceless
dental fricative?
A. [  ] B. [ m ] C. [ t ] D. [ d ]

3. Which of the following segments corresponds to the following phonetic description? long low
back vowel
A. [ i: ] B. [ɔ: ] C. [ u: ] D. [ a: ]

4. How many segments are there in the sound sequence [ˈti:tʃɪŋ] teaching?
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7

5. Which of the following phonetic variations may happen to the lateral [ l ] in this
context: [ ' pi:pl] people?
A. [ l ] becomes devoiced after voiceless stop [ p ]
B. [ l ] becomes syllabic after voiceless stop [ p ]
C. [ l ] becomes unaspirated after voiced stop [ p ]
D. [ l] becomes aspirated after voiced stop [ p ]

6. Which of the following statements is correct?

Nasal sounds are produced with
A. the airstream released through the oral cavity
B. the continuous air flow through the mouth
C. with the velum being lowered
D. A & B

7. Which of the following assimilatory processes may happen to the voiced alveolar stop [g] in
this context: My grandfather has a dog
A. [ g ] may be devoiced after the vowel [ɒ ]
 B. [ g ] may be devoiced at the end of the word [ dɒg ]

C. [ g ] may be labialised after the vowel [ɒ ]

D. [ g ] may be voiced at the end of the word [ dɒg ]

8. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic

description: long mid back vowel
A. [ɔ: ] B. [ a: ] C. [ i: ] D. [ u: ]

9. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic

description: lax low front vowel?
A. [ i: ] B. [ e ] C. [ɪ ] D. [æ ]

10. Which of the following statements is correct? Palatal is made

A. at the hard palate
B. at the soft area toward the rear of the roof of the mouth
C. at the teeth ridge
D. with the tongue placed against the teeth

11. Which of the following assimilatory processes that may happen to the alveolar [ t ] in
this context: [' kredit ka:d ] credit card?
A. [ t ] may be deleted before the velar [ k ]
B. [ t ] may be aspirated before the velar [ k ]
C. [ t ] may be velarized before the velar [ k ]
D. [ t ] may become syllabic before the velar [ k ]

12. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Progressive assimilation is a process by which
A. the change of a segment is brought about by the preceding segment
B. a sound copies one or more phonetic features from the following sound
C. the sound becomes more like the preceding sound
D. a sound spreads one or more phonetic features to the following sound
13. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic description: voiced
velar nasal?
A. [ g ] B. [ k ] C. [ n ] D. [ŋ ]
14. Which of the following phonetic variations may happen to the first alveolar [ t ] in this
context: Let me do it [let mi: du: ɪt ]?
A. [ t ] is aspirated at the end of the word let [let ]
B. [ t ] is devoiced word finally
C. [ t ] is labialized before the bilabial [ m ]
D. [ t ] is voiced in the final position of a stressed syllable
15. Which of the following phonetic transcriptions corresponds to the following
phonetic description: high back rounded tense vowel ?
A. [ e ] B. [ i: ] C. [ u: ] D. [ʊ ]

16. Which of the following is the phonetic transcription of this form “handkerchief”?
A. [ˈhændkətʃɪf ] B. [ˈhæŋkətʃɪf ]

C. [ˈhæŋdkətʃɪf ] D. [ˈhænkətʃɪf ]

17. Which of the following statements is correct?

Sonorants include
A. vowels, nasals, liquids and glides
B. vowels, nasals, fricatives and liquids
C. vowels, nasals, and voiced affricates
D. vowels, nasals, and voiceless stops

18. Which of the following is incorrect?

When a feature is predictable by the phonological rules, it is
A. a redundant feature B. a phonetic feature
C. a phonemic feature D. both A and B
19. Which of the following is not considered (an) articulator(s)?

A. the tongue

B. the lips

C. the velum

D. the ears
20. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Phonology provides the means for describing speech sounds.
B. Phonology studies the ways phonemes function in language
C. Phonology aims to provide the set of features, or properties that can describe all
sounds in human language.
D. Phonology deals with the articulatory and acoustic aspects of speech sounds.

21. Which of the following groups contains a segment that differs in place of articulation from
the other segments?
A. [ k, w, n, g ] B. [ t, d, n, s ]
C. [ p, m, w, b ] D. [ t, d, z, n ]

22. Which of the following statements is correct?

When a feature value is unpredictable by a general principle or rule, it is
A. a distinctive feature for that class of segments
B. a non-distinctive or non-phonemic feature for that class of segments
C. a phonetic feature for sounds that contrast
D. a redundant feature for that class of segment

23. Which of the following phonetic transcriptions corresponds to the following

phonetic description: voiced bilabial nasal ?
A. [ m ] B. [ n ] C. [ŋ ] D. [ w ]

24. Which of the following assimilatory processes occurs to the voiceless alveolar [ t ] in this
context [dɪdnt ju: ] didn’t you?
A. [ t ] is aspirated before palatal [ j ] B. [ t ] is palatalized before palatal [ j ]
C. [ t ] is deleted before palatal [ j ] D. [ t ] is velarized before palatal [ j ]
25. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. An allophone is a predictable phonetic variant of a phoneme
B. An allophone is an abstract unit
C. An allophone is a phonetic realisation or variant of a phoneme
D. An allophone is uttered in speech
26. Which of the following statements is correct?
 When two or more sounds never occur in the same phonemic context or environment they
are said to be
A. allophones of a phoneme B. different phonemes
C. identical segments D. in free variation

27. Which of the following phonetic variations the voiceless alveolar [ t ] may have in this
context (in terms of American pronunciation) [ ˈlɪtl] litle?
A. [ t ] may be deleted
B. [ t ] may become glottal stop
C. [ t ] may become voiced flap

D. [ t ] becomes aspirated

28 Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic

description: long high front vowel?
A. [ i: ] B. [e] C. [æ] D. [ I ]

29. Which of the following statements is correct?

All the consonants are produced with
A. an extra puff of the air strongly expelled
B. an obstruction of the airstream (complete or partial)
C. no vibration of the vocal cords
D. vibration of the vocal cords

30. Which of the following is a minimal pair?

A. /kæt//hɪt/ cat – hit B. /fæt //væt/ fat - vat

C. /pæt //tæp/ pat – tap D. /fæt//bɪt/ fat – bit

31. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic

description: voiced palato-alveolar fricative?
A. [ʃ ] B. [s ] C. [z ] D. [ʒ ]
32. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. The phonetic representation of utterances shows what the speakers know about the
pronunciation of utterances.
 B. The phonemic representation of utterances shows what speakers know about the
abstract underlying phonology.
C. The phonemic representation of utterances shows the finer points of the sounds or
segments in pronunciation
D. The phonetic representation of utterances shows the non-distinctive features of the
sounds.
33. Which of the following groups contains a segment that differs in manner of articulation
from the other segments?
A. [ , ð, s, z ] B. [ w, r, j, l ]
C. [ p, b, z, d ] D. [ t, d, g, p ]

34. Which of the following assimilatory processes may occur to the sound sequence
[hɒt pəˈteɪtəʊ ] hot potato?
A. regressive assimilation B. progressive assimilation
C. mutual assimilation D. None of the above

35. Which of the following is the correct stress pattern of this word “grasshopper”?
A. [ˈɡrɑːshɒpə(r)] B. [ɡrɑːsˈhɒpə(r)]

C. [ˈɡrɑːsˈhɒpə(r)] D. [ˌɡrɑːsˈhɒpə(r)]
36. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. A minimal pair consists of two forms with distinct meanings that differ only by one
segment in the same position of each form.
B. Minimal pairs help us establish which sounds contrast in a language
C. Minimal pair test is a basic test for deciding which sounds are the allophones of the
phoneme
D Minimal pairs consist of forms that are placed along the horizontal axis with respect
to their place of articulation and the vertical axis to their manner of articulation

37. Which of the following statements is correct?

The affricates [tʃ ] and [dʒ] are
A. consonants produced with a continuous airflow through the mouth
B. consonants produced with the complete stoppage of the air in the mouth which
causes explosion
C. consonants produced with the lowering of the soft palate
D. produced with an initial stop then with a slow separation of the tongue to make
friction
38 Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic
description: voiceless alveolar fricative?
A. [t ] B. [ d ] C. [ s ] D. [z ]

39. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic

description: voiceless labiodental fricative
A. [ f ] B. [ w ] C. [z ] D. [ v ]
40. Which of the following statements is correct?

Palato- alveolar is the sound made

A. as a very rapidly articulated non-syllabic segment
B. just behind the alveolar ridge
C. with the identical articulation to that of the long vowel [ i: ]
D. with the tongue at the alveolar ridge

41. Which of the following statements is correct ?

a. Stops are consonants produced with a continuous airflow through the mouth.
b. Fricatives are consonants produced with the complete stoppage of the air in the mouth which causes an
explosion.
c. Nasals are consonants produced with the lowering of the soft palate.
d. Approximants are non-continuant.
42. Which of the following is the stress distribution for the compound word “green house”?
a. [ˈgri:n haʊs ] b. [ˌ gri:n ˈhaʊs ] c. [ˈgri:n ˈhaʊs ] d. [ˈgri:n ˌhaʊs ]
43. Which of the following coarticulation processes may happen to the alveolar / n / in this context :
[ ten men] ten men ?
a. voicing assimilation b. progressive assimilation
c. mutual assimilation d. labialization
44. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
All the aspirated voiceless stops are produced with
a. no vibration of the vocal cords
b. an extra puff of the air strongly expelled
c. the air stream from the glottis
d. the air stream going through the oral cavity
45. Which of the following groups contains a segment that differs in place of articulation from the other
segments?
a./ t, r, d, s / b. / k, g , ŋ, w/ c./ p, b, m, n / d. / t, d, n, z /
46. Which of the following groups contains a segment that differs in voicing from the other segments ?
a./ d, v, b, m / b./ m, n, ŋ, v / c. / w, z , r, l / d./z, t , ∫, s /
47. Which of the following statements is correct ?
a. Velars are sounds made at the soft area toward the rear of the roof of the mouth.
b. Palatals are sounds made just behind the alveolar ridge
c. Bilabials are sounds made at the teeth ridge
d. Alveolars are sounds made with the tongue placed against the teeth
48. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic
description : voiceless labiodental fricative
a.[ v ] b. [ w ] c. [ ð ] d. [ f ]
49. The process by which an alveolar stop is heard intervocally (voiced) between 2 vowels, the first of
which is generally stressed ( in words such as meeting, party...) is called
a.assimilation c. epenthesis
b.deletion d. flapping
50. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic description : short mid-
high front vowel
a.[ i ] b. [ e ] c. [ o ] d. [ æ ]
51. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic description: voiceless
interdental fricative
a.[ m ] b. [ v ] c. [ t ] d. [ ]
52. Which of the following groups contains a segment that differs in manner of articulation from the
other segments ?
a.[ w, r, j ] c. [ , ð , s ] b.[ p, b, m ] d. [ t, d, k ]
53.Which of the following statements is correct ?
Interdentals are sounds made
a.with the tongue between the teeth
b.with the tongue on or near the hard palate
c.just behind the alveolar ridge
d.with the upper lip and the lower teeth
54. Which of the following coarticulation processes may happen to the alveolar [ d ] in this context :
[ wud ju:] Would you?
a. [ d ] becomes voiced before the palatal [ j ]
b. [ d ] is deleted before the palatal [ j ]
c. [ d ] is dentalised by the following [ j ]
d. [ d ] coalesces with [ j ] to make a new sound / dʒ/
55. Which of the following statements is correct ?
Regressive assimilation is a process by which
a.the change of a segment is brought by the preceding segment
b.a sound copies one or more phonetic features from the following sound
c.a sound becomes less like the preceding sound
d. two sounds coalesce to make a new sound.
56. Which of the following is not considered (an) articulator(s)?
a. the tongue b. the lips c. the velum d. the ears
57 Which of the following coarticulation processes may occur for the articulatory transition from the
[ m ] to the [  ] to be eased in this context [ sʌmɪŋ ] ?
a.the deletion of [ m ]
b.the deletion of [  ]
c.the deletion of the sound sequence [ m ]
d.the epenthesis of a [ p ] within the sequence [ m ]
58. Which of the following phonetic variations may happen to the voiced stop [d ] in this context : [ li:d ]
lead ?
a.[ d ] is aspirated after the front vowel [i:]
b.[ d ] is devoiced after the long vowel [i:]
c.[ d ] is devoiced word finally
d.[ d ] is aspirated in the final position of a stressed syllable
59. Which of the following coarticulation processes may happen to the alveolar [ t ] in this context : [ðæt
gɜːl] that girl ?
a.[ t ] may be devoiced before the voiced stop [g ]
b.[ t ] may be aspirated before the voiced stop [ g ]
c.[ t ] may be labialised before the velar [ d ]
d.[ t ] may be velarised before the velar [ g ]
60. Which of the following words does not contain a front vowel?
a. seen b. hat c. hit d. not
61. According to the ……………….., vowels can be rounded or unrounded.
a. height of the raised part of the tongue b. raised part of the tongue
c. length of the vowels d. shape of the lip
62. ……………… are sounds articulated by the lower lip against the upper teeth.
a. labio-dentals b. alveolars c. velars d. glottals
63. Which of the following phonetic transcriptions corresponds to the following
phonetic description: low back vowel ?
a. / u / b. / æ / c. / i / d. / a: /
64. Which of the following phonetic transcriptions corresponds to the following
phonetic description : voiced alveolar stop ?
a./ t / b. / t∫ / c. / d / d. / j /
65. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the following phonetic description: voiceless
bilabial stop?
a./ v / b. / g / c. / ð / d. / p /