HEX-101

Hot stream : S33 to S9 （Tube)

Thi = 244.43 oC & Tho = 240.73 oC @
Cold stream : S3 to S4 (Shell)
Tci = 25.84 oC & Tco = 90.00 oC @

Equipment Specification Sheet

Item No. HEX-101
Identification Heat exchanger
Function Heat transfer from hot stream (S33) to cold
stream (S3)
Process Specification // Operating Condition
Heat duty, Q 2302.42 kW
786266.26 Btu/hr
244.43 C
o
Inlet temperature of hot stream, Thi
240.73 C
o
Outlet temperature of hot stream, Tho
25.84 C
o
Inlet temperature of cold stream, Tci
90.00 C
o
Outlet temperature of cold stream, Tco
Pressure, P 1.00 atm
14.70 psig
Overall transfer coefficient, U 60.00 Btu/(oF⸱ft2⸱hr)
Equipment Properties
Type Double pipe heat exchanger
Number of pipe 1
Number of hairpin unit 2.0000
Material construction Stainless steel
Material factor, FM 2.72
Pressure factor, FP 1.00
Pipe length, L 16.00 ft
4.88 m
Length factor, FL 15239.43
Heat transfer area, A 39.83 ft2
3.70 m2
Number of tubes, NT 3 tubes
Outer diameter of inner pipe, 3.50 in
0.09 m

Equipment Specification Sheet

Item No. HEX-101
 Identification Heat exchanger
Function Heat transfer from hot stream (S21) to cold
stream (S3)
Cost for Heat Exchanger
Base cost, CB $ 2,211.50
RM 9,730.60
Total purchase cost of the $ 6,018.58
heat exchanger, CP RM 26,481.77
Bare-module cost of the heat $ 15,239.43
exchanger, CBM RM 67,053.51

1) Find log mean temperature, ∆T lm.

∆𝑇_𝑙𝑚=(∆𝑇_1−∆𝑇_2)/ln⁡〖 (∆𝑇_1)/(∆𝑇_2 ) 〗

(Eq 12.13)
where ∆T1 = Thi - Tco & ∆T2 = Tho - Tci

∆T1 = 154.43 oC
∆T2 = 214.89 oC
∆Tlm = 183.00 oC
∆Tlm = 329.40 oF

2) Calculate the correlation factor, F T.

Thi - Tho
R =
Tco - Tci
244.43 - 240.73
=
90.00 - 25.84
= 0.06
Tco - Tci
S =
Thi - Tci
90.00 - 25.84
=
244.43 - 25.84
= 0.29

surd (R2+1) = 1.00

(2−𝑆(𝑅+1−√(𝑅^2+1)))/(2−𝑆(𝑅+1+√(𝑅^2+1)) )
= 1.4214
 (1−𝑆)/(1−𝑅𝑆) = 0.7186

FT = 0.9988
By achieving FT ≥ 0.85,
1-2 heat exchanger is used with FT = 0.9988 (Figure 12.16)

3) Calculate the heat transfer area, A.

Q
A =
UFT∆Tlm
Q = 2,302.42 kW
= 218.41 Btu/s
= 786266.26 Btu/hr
U = 60 Btu/(oF⸱ft2⸱hr) (Table 12.5)
(Both shell & tube sides are organic solvents)
A = 39.83 ft2 < 200 ft2
(Double pipe heat exchanger is chosen)

4) Calculate area per tubes.

Based on typical dimensions for a double pipe heat exchanger,

L = 16 ft & Do = 3.5

A = πDo L
A = 14.6606 ft2

4) Calculate number of tubes required & hairpin units required.

NTubes = 2.72
NTubes = 3 tube

Number of hairpin required = 2

 5) Calculate base cost, CB.

𝐶_𝐵=𝑒^(7.2718+0.16 ln⁡𝐴(Eq) 16.46)

For 2 ft2 < A < 200 ft2 of heat exchanger surface area.

CB = $ 2,211.50
CB = RM 9,730.60 Assuming $

6) Determine the material factor, F M & pressure factor, F P.

Since the inner pipe isStainless steel a= 2.7

& the outer pipe is Stainless steel , b= 0.07
FM = 2.72

Since P = 14.70 psig < 100 psig,

FP = 1.00

P > 600 psig, equation 16.48 is referred.

7) Calculate the bare-module cost of the heat exchanger.

Total cost = 6,018.58 $ (Eq 16.47)

= 26,481.77 RM Assuming $
With cost index,
Base cost index in 2013 is 567 while in 2023 is 797.6
FBM = 1.8 (double pipe heat exchanger via Table 16.11)
Total cost = 15,239.43 $
Total cost = 67,053.51 RM Assuming $
P = 1.00 atm = 14.70 psig

P = 1.00 atm = 14.70 psig

in. (Table 12.3)
 = RM 4.40

= RM 4.40

a Table 16.11)

= RM 4.40
HEX-102
Hot stream : S17 to S18 (Shell)
Thi = 244.43 C o
& Tho = 173.27 oC @ P
Cold stream : S21 to S23 (Tube)
Tci = 77.97 oC & Tco = 90.00 oC @ P

Equipment Specification Sheet

Item No. HEX-102
Identification Heat exchanger
Function Heat transfer from hot stream (S17) to cold
stream (S21)
Process Specification // Operating Condition
Heat duty, Q 44181.16 kW
15087689.42 Btu/hr
244.43 C
o
Inlet temperature of hot stream, Thi
Outlet temperature of hot stream, Tho 173.27 oC
Inlet temperature of cold stream, Tci 77.97 oC
Outlet temperature of cold stream, Tco 90.00 oC
Pressure, P 1.00 atm
14.70 psig
Overall transfer coefficient, U 60.00 Btu/(oF⸱ft2⸱hr)
Equipment Properties
Type Floating head shell and tube heat exchanger
Number of shell//tube passes 3 shells//6 tubes
Material of construction Shell//Tube :
Stainless steel//Stainless steel
Material factor, FM 3.89
Pressure factor, FP 1.00
Pipe length, L 16.00 ft
4.88 m
Length factor, FL 1.05
Heat transfer area, A 1151.60 ft2
106.99 m2
Number of tubes, NT 422 tubes
Shell diameter per shell pass, Ds 25.00 in
0.64 m

Equipment Specification Sheet

Item No. HEX-102
 Identification Heat exchanger
Function Heat transfer from hot stream (S21) to cold
stream (S3)
Cost for Heat Exchanger
Base cost, CB $ 31,774.86
RM 139,809.39
Total purchase cost of the $ 129,669.79
heat exchanger, CP RM 570,547.06
Bare-module cost of the heat $ 578,229.36
exchanger, CBM RM 2,544,209.20

1) Find log mean temperature, ∆T lm.

∆𝑇_𝑙𝑚=(∆𝑇_1−∆𝑇_2)/ln⁡〖 (∆𝑇_1)/(∆𝑇_2 ) 〗

(Eq 12.13)
where ∆T1 = Thi - Tco & ∆T2 = Tho - Tci

∆T1 = 154.43 oC
∆T2 = 95.30 oC
∆Tlm = 122.50 oC
∆Tlm = 220.50 oF

2) Calculate the correlation factor, F T.

Thi - Tho
R =
Tco - Tci
244.43 - 173.27
=
90.00 - 77.97
= 5.91
Tco - Tci
S =
Thi - Tci
90.00 - 77.97
=
244.43 - 77.97
= 0.07

surd (R2+1) = 6.00

(2−𝑆(𝑅+1−√(𝑅^2+1)))/(2−𝑆(𝑅+1+√(𝑅^2+1)) )
= 1.8129
 (1−𝑆)/(1−𝑅𝑆) = 1.6204

FT = 0.9903
By achieving FT ≥ 0.85,
1-2 heat exchanger is used with FT = 0.9903 (Figure 12.16)

3) Calculate the heat transfer area, A.

Q
A =
UFT∆Tlm
Q = 44,181.16 kW
= 4191.02 Btu/s
= 15087689.42 Btu/hr
U = 60 Btu/(oF⸱ft2⸱hr) (Table 12.5)
(Both shell & tube sides are organic solvents)
A = 1151.60 ft2 > 200 ft2
(Floating shell and tube heat exchanger is chosen)

4) Calculate area per tubes based on Heuristic 54.

Heuristic 54 states that:
For shell-and-tube heat exchangers, tubes are typically 0.75 in. O.D, 16 ft long, and on 1-in.
triangular spacing. A shell of 1-ft diameter accommodates 100 ft 2 ; 2-ft , 400 ft2, and 3 ft, 11
For this case, 18 BWG tubes are used with I.D. of 0.652 in.

A = πDiL
A = 2.7311 ft2

5) Calculate number of tubes required.

NTubes = 421.67
NTubes = 422 tubes

6) Determine the diameter of shell, D S by referring Table 12.6.

NTube = 452 for two pass triangular pitch

@ 25 in of shell's inner diameter
7) Calculate base cost, CB.

Since floating head shell & tube heat exchanger is used,

CB = $ 31,774.86
CB = RM 139,809.39 Assuming $ =

8) Determine the material factor, F M, length factor, FL & pressure factor, FP.

Using Stainless steel//Stainless steel is used for the construction of Shell//Tube.

Hence, a = 2.70
b = 0.07
𝐹_𝑀=𝑎+(𝐴/100)^𝑏
(Eq 16.44)

FM = 3.89

FL = 1.05 for 16 ft tube length.

Since P = 14.70 psig < 100 psig,

FP = 1.00

9) Calculate the bare-module cost of the heat exchanger.

Total cost = 129,669.79 $ (Eq 16.43)

 = 570,547.06 RM Assuming $ =
With cost index,
Base cost index in 2013 is 567 while in 2022 is 797.6
FBM = 3.17 (shell & tube heat exchanger via Table 16.11)
Total cost = 578,229.36 $
Total cost = 2,544,209.20 RM Assuming $ =
= 1.00 atm = 14.70 psig

= 29.61 atm = 435.11 psig

16 ft long, and on 1-in.
ft , 400 ft2, and 3 ft, 1100 ft2.
(Table 12.4)
 RM 4.40

Shell//Tube.
RM 4.40

RM 4.40
 E
1 kg = 2.205 lb 1m = 3.281
1 atm = 14.696 psig 1 in = 0.083
1 m3 = 264.172 gal (US)

Step 1: Obtain the volumetric flow rate, Q from ASPEN

Q= 61.6381 m3/hr

Step 2: Determine volume of storage tank, ST-100 by assuming residence time, τ =

V=Q×τ

V= 739.66 m3 739657.2 L
26124.57177 ft3 195396.7218384 gal (US)

For cylindrical tank:

H=L

Step 3: Determine Diameter of Storage tank

Assuming L/D = 0.5

D= 12.35 m
40.53 ft Since D < 60ft, thus L/D = 0.5 is acc

Step 4: Determine Height of Storage tank

L = 0.5D

L= 20.26 ft
6.18 m

ETHYL AC

Purchase cost of a tank unit by assuming cone-roof storage tank

CS Shop Fabricated tanks
CP = EXP(9.369 - 0.1045*lnV + 0.045355*(lnV)^2)
V = Volume in m3, Lower Limit: 80 m3, Upper Limit: 45,000 m3
Cp = 42532.47 $42,532

RM 180762.98
Calculate bare module cost, CBM by using Eq 16.12 (Seider et al., 2020) 𝐶_𝐵𝑀=𝐶_𝑃 𝐹_𝐵𝑀

Type of module: Vertical pressure vessels

DIE

Step 1: Obtain the volumetric flowrate, Q from Aspen

Q= 0.49462 m3⁄hr

Step 2: Determine volume of storage tank, S-101 by assuming residence time, t =

V=Q×t

V= 5.94 m3 5935.44 L
209.63877357 ft3
1567.9770557 gal (US)

For cylindrical tank:

H= L

Step 3: Determine Diameter of Storage tank

Assuming L/D = 0.5,

D= 2.47 m
8.11 ft Since D < 60ft, thus L/D = 0.5 is acc

Step 4: Determine Height of Storage tank

L = 0.5D

L= 4.06 ft
1.24 m

DIET
Purchase cost of a unit tank by assuming cone-roof storage tank
CS Shop Fabricated tanks
CP = EXP(7.994 + 0.6637*lnV - 0.063088*(lnV)^2)
V = Volume in m3, Lower Limit: 5 m3, Upper Limit: 80 m3
Cp = 7910.22 $7,910

RM 34804.98 34804.98

Calculate bare module cost, CBM by using Eq 16.12 (Seider et al., 2020) 𝐶_𝐵𝑀=𝐶_𝑃 𝐹_𝐵𝑀

Type of module: Vertical pressure vessels

Equipment Specication Sheet

Item No ST-101
Identification Storage Tank
Function To store the product ethyl acetate
Process Specification / Operating Condition
Temperature, To (ºC) 76.7507
Pressure, Po (bar) 1
Volumetric Flowrate, Q 61.6381
Equipment Properties
Type Cone-Roof
Material of Construction Carbon Steel
Material Factor, FM 1
Volume of Tank (m3) 739.66
Cost for Storage Tank
Total Purchase Cost, Cp (RM) 263254.21
Bare Module Cost, CBM (RM) 1095137.53

Equipment Specication Sheet

Item No ST-102
Identification Storage Tank
Function To store the solvent diethylene glycol
Process Specification / Operating Condition
 Temperature, To (ºC) 70
Pressure, Po (bar) 1
Volumetric Flowrate, Q 0
Equipment Properties
Type Cone-Roof
Material of Construction Carbon Steel
Material Factor, FM 1
Volume of Tank (m3) 0.00
Cost for Storage Tank
Total Purchase Cost, Cp (RM) 48960.23
Bare Module Cost, CBM (RM) 203674.56
 ETHYL ACETATE STORAGE TANK SIZING, ST-101
ft uL 0.314
ft g 32.2 ft/s^2

12 hours

Tank diameter (ft) Ratio of height to diameter (L/D)

D<60 0.5
95<D<60 0.4
175<D<95 0.3
D>175 0.25 Module
Furnaces and direct-fired heaters,
Typical maximum size Cylindrical Tank shop-fabricated
Volume (m3) 1600 Furnaces and direct-fired heaters,
Height, L (m) 20 field-fabricated
Diameter of width, D (m) 10
Shell-and-tube heat exchangers
Length to diameter ratio 2.5
Double pipe heat exchangers
Fin-tube air coolers
Vertical pressure vessels
Horizontal pressure vessels
Pumps and drivers
60ft, thus L/D = 0.5 is acceptable.
Gas compressors and drivers

ETHYL ACETATE STORAGE TANK, ST-101 COSTING CALCULATION

Total purchase cost = 16460 × (797.6/567)

 Total purchase cost = $59,830.50 $22,268.00

RM 263254.21 263254.21

𝐶_𝐵𝑀=𝐶_𝑃 𝐹_𝐵𝑀
CBM = $248,894.89 $248,894.89

RM 1095137.53 1095137.53

DIETHYLENE GLYCOL STORAGE TANK, ST-102 SIZING

12 hours

Tank diameter (ft) Ratio of height to diameter (L/D)

D<60 0.5
95<D<60 0.4
175<D<95 0.3
D>175 0.25

Typical maximum size Cylindrical Tank

Volume (m3) 1600
Height, L (m) 20
Diameter of width, D (m) 10
Length to diameter ratio 2.5

60ft, thus L/D = 0.5 is acceptable.

DIETHYLENE GLYCOL STORAGE TANK, ST-102 COSTING

Total purchase cost = 7910.22 × (797.6/567)

Total purchase cost = $11,127.33 $11,127.33

RM 48960.23 48960.23

𝐶_𝐵𝑀=𝐶_𝑃 𝐹_𝐵𝑀
CBM = $46,289.67 $46,289.67

RM 203674.56 203674.56
 9.81 m/s^2

Module Bare-Module Factor (FBM)

and direct-fired heaters,
2.19
hop-fabricated
and direct-fired heaters,
1.86
ield-fabricated

d-tube heat exchangers 3.17

pipe heat exchangers 1.8

-tube air coolers 2.17
cal pressure vessels 4.16
ntal pressure vessels 3.05
mps and drivers 3.3
mpressors and drivers 2.15