Presented by
Chan Nyein
Why Data
Center is
important ?
• Foundation of Any
Business
• Cost of Downtime
Natural Origin Human Origin
Fire Equipment Failure
Heat Human Errors
Cold Sabotage
Water Flooding Terrorism
Lightning Network Saturation
Earthquake Virus Hackers
Air Pollution
Electro Magnetic Fields
Power Failure
Mission Critical Sites Selection
Potential Natural Hazards
Mission Critical Sites Selection
Potential Natural Hazards
Site Selection for Building
Rent / Buy
History of Building
( eg. Flood , fire , etc )
Level / Floor within building
Floor Loading
Slab to slab Height
Power Redundancy
External Power ( eg. Generator )
Data Center Facilities
Environmental Racks & PDU Fire suppression System
Monitoing
Monitoring Room UPS
CRAC CCTV
Electrical Distribution
Door Access
Water Leakage
Site Selection Area
• Easy access for external supply
• Spacious
• Secure
Site Selection Area
• If need, Construct foundation frame to protect the vibration
because of earthquakes, and other damage such as railway
and flight.
Raised Floor Standards
• BS/EN 12825
• UK-PSA
• US-CISCA (Ceiling Interior Systems Constructors Association)
• NFPA 251 , Fire Resistant for at least 1 Hour
• IEC-61000-4-2, Anti-static Properties
Uniformally Distributed Load Rolling Load
Point Load
Raised Floor Usage
Preferred 2 feet Ratio = 1:12
Light
Lumen ( Lm ) : Light Strength
Lux ( Lx ) : Light Strength in area
Theory
Lx = Lu/𝑚2
Lighting should be located above
aisles and between cabinets
according to TIA-942-A.
In Data Center, It also needs
500 lux.
Light Placement
• Back of the Light are more important than the front of the rack
• Fluorescent lights should never be connected to UPS
Power Infrastructure
Power distribution should be
-Reliable
-Scalable
-Flexible
Overhead Under Raised Floor
Power Cable Distribution
Trunking Tray
Ladder Basket
Power Distribution
UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)
➢ According to the EN50091-3/IEC62040-3, Online Double
Conversion (VFI class) is good for mission critical data center
Principle of UPS
Redundancy Power Supply
Main Batteries for UPS
❖ Flooded Cell
- above 500kVA
- Long Life (15-20 Years)
- Operate at high current
❖ Sealed Lead Acid ( SLA / VRLA )
- 5 / 10 year design
- attractive price
- slow discharge
❖ Nickel-Cadmium ( Ni-Cd )
- long life ( 20 years )
- fast charging
- very expensive
Data Center Cooling
❑Cooling is the most important factors for data center
Vibration Electronic Component Failure
20% Dust
6%
Temperature
Humidity
Vibration
Dust
Humidity Temperature
19% 55%
Basic Principle of Cooling
Cooling system with split type
❑ Less effectiveness
❑ Need return hot air exhaust pipe
❑ Easy to maintain
Cooling system with CRAC
❑ Good Efficiency
❑ More expensive
❑ Precision Airflow
Containment Cooling Solution
Cold Aisle Solution Hot Aisle Solution
❖ Less expensive ❖ Open area of room is cold environment
❖ Need cap at the top ❖ Need return air plenum
❖ More space require ❖ More effective
❖ Easy to implement ❖ Easy to implement
Air Booster
❑ Speed up the air flow to the desired direction
❑ More efficiency
❑ More Expensive
Cooling Theory
1 Ton = 12,000 BTU
1 Ton =3.516 kW
1 Ton = 4.714 Hp
1 Hp = 745.6 Watt (Electrical)
1 BTU = 0.0003929 Hp
1 BTU = 0.25 Kcal
1 Hp = 2.64 kW (Cooling)
Structured Cabling System
Structured Cabling
Overhead Cabling Underfloor Cabling
❖ Cost Saving ❖ More Expensive
❖ Design for Less Space Room ❖ Leakage 25% of airflow through cable
❖ Need More Cable Length cutout
depending on the height of trays ❖ Design for large Space Room
❖ Effect with hot return air ❖ Need more raised floor height
Cabling Characteristics
TIA/EIA 568 Standard ➢ TIA/EIA 568 Standard
Rigid ➢ Flexible
Less interference ➢ More interference
Length maximum 100 meters ➢ Length maximum 10 meters
➢ Best used for structured
Best used for structured cabling
cabling
Working Principles of Fiber Cable
Light is emitted as pulses by
laser / led
Travel through the fiber
bouncing off endlessly
Receive the light & Convert to
Data
Allows Faster Speed
Can travel Longer Distance
Fiber Cable
Single Mode Multi Mode
9 µm Core 50 or 62.5 µm Core
Higher Bandwidth & Lower Lower Bandwidth & Higher
attenuation attenuation
Laser Light Source Led Light Source
Longer Distance (several km) Medium Distance (300 meters)
SC, LC, FC or ST Connectors SC, LC, FC or ST Connectors
Used in Telecom & CATV Networks Used in LAN and Security System
Connector Types
Better Connectors lose very
little light
SC & LC are most useful
Mostly used in telecom
Devices and Datacenter
