MRD1-G – Genrator Differential

Protection System

Manual MRD1-G (Revision A)

Woodward Manual MRD1-G GB

Woodward Governor Company reserves the right to update any portion of this publication at any time. Information
provided by Woodward Governor Company is believed to be correct and reliable. However, no responsibility is as-
sumed by Woodward Governor Company unless otherwise expressly undertaken.

© Woodward 1994-2008

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Contents
1.  Introduction and Application ...................................................................... 5 
2.  Features and Characteristics ...................................................................... 6 
3.  Design ........................................................................................................... 7 
3.1  Relay front ...........................................................................................................................7 
3.1.1  Display.............................................................................................................................7 
3.1.2  LEDs................................................................................................................................7 
3.1.3  Push-buttons ...................................................................................................................8 
3.1.4  Parameter interface RS232.............................................................................................8 
3.2  Master module.....................................................................................................................8 
3.2.1  Interface RS485 ..............................................................................................................8 
3.3  Basic module .......................................................................................................................9 
3.3.1  Basic module NT 6I .........................................................................................................9 
4.  Working principle ....................................................................................... 10 
4.1  Protective functions ...........................................................................................................10 
4.1.1  Generator differential protection....................................................................................10 
4.2  Analog measured value detection .....................................................................................14 
4.2.1  Current measuring ........................................................................................................14 
4.3  Digital signal processor .....................................................................................................14 
4.4  Digital main processor .......................................................................................................14 
4.5  Block diagram....................................................................................................................15 
4.6  General functions ..............................................................................................................16 
4.6.1  Event-Recorder .............................................................................................................16 
4.6.2  Fault-Recorder ..............................................................................................................16 
4.6.3  -test relay.......................................................................................................................16 
4.6.4  Self-test .........................................................................................................................17 
4.6.5  Output relay settings .....................................................................................................17 
4.6.6  Parameterising blocking ................................................................................................18 
5.  Operation .................................................................................................... 19 
5.1  General..............................................................................................................................19 
5.1.1  Data organization ..........................................................................................................19 
5.1.2  Parameter sets ..............................................................................................................20 
5.1.3  Key function...................................................................................................................21 
5.1.4  LEDs..............................................................................................................................22 
5.1.5  VIEW mode / EDIT mode ..............................................................................................23 
5.1.6  OFFLINE-TEST mode ...................................................................................................24 
5.1.7  Reset (DEVICE RESET) ...............................................................................................24 
5.1.8  Enter password .............................................................................................................25 
5.1.9  Password forgotten .......................................................................................................25 
5.2  SYSTEM settings ..............................................................................................................26 
5.2.1  Selection........................................................................................................................26 
5.2.2  Overview .......................................................................................................................27 
5.2.3  Time / Date ....................................................................................................................28 
5.2.4  Password change ..........................................................................................................29 
5.3  PARAMETER-pages .........................................................................................................30 
5.3.1  Selection........................................................................................................................30 
5.3.2  Overview .......................................................................................................................31 
5.3.3  Generator ratings ..........................................................................................................32 
5.3.4  Protection parameters ...................................................................................................33 
5.3.5  Relay-settings................................................................................................................35 
5.3.6  Setting of logic functions ...............................................................................................36 
5.3.7  Blocking Setting.............................................................................................................38 
5.3.8  Validity check ................................................................................................................39 
5.4  DATA pages ......................................................................................................................40 
5.4.1  Selection........................................................................................................................40 
5.4.2  Overview .......................................................................................................................41 
5.4.3  Measured and calculated data ......................................................................................41 
5.4.4  FAULT Recorder ...........................................................................................................42 

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5.4.5  EVENT-Recorder .......................................................................................................... 43 

5.4.6  Statistic data ................................................................................................................. 43 
5.5  TEST-routines page (Self-test) ......................................................................................... 44 
5.5.1  Page selection .............................................................................................................. 44 
5.5.2  Overview ....................................................................................................................... 44 
5.6  Parameter programming help ........................................................................................... 45 
6.  Relay Tests ................................................................................................. 46 
7.  Commissioning .......................................................................................... 47 
7.1  Check list .......................................................................................................................... 47 
7.2  C.T. connection ................................................................................................................. 47 
8.  Technical Data............................................................................................ 49 
8.1  MRD - G Generator Differential Protection Relay ............................................................ 49 
9.  Tables/Connection diagrams .................................................................... 52 
9.1  Possible event messages ................................................................................................. 52 
9.2  View .................................................................................................................................. 53 
10.  Order form .................................................................................................. 55 

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1. Introduction and Application

MRD1 is a modular system to protect electrical apparatus and it is used for complex applications in
the energy distribution, primarily de-signed for transformer, generator, motor or line protection; ad-
dition-ally it can be integrated into automation systems. Due to its modular design, the MRD1 can
be adapted to individual applications without problem, with all implemented functions remaining
combined in one single device. All vacant rack places in the basic unit can optionally be used for
modules according to requirements. The modules provide the necessary measuring inputs e.g. for
two-winding or three-winding transformers as well as increase the number of output re-lays or digi-
tal inputs according to requirements.

The high-performance digital technique of data calculation makes complex mathematical algorithm
for measured value processing possible for the MRD1 as well as utilization of the trip decision re-
sulting from the individual protection functions. The MRD1 software is also of modular structure.
Each protection function is allocated to a special program segment and so it is possible to
subsequently add further functions.

All essential parameters, measuring data or values calculated from these can be called off and are
shown locally on the display. The MRD1 is equipped with an Event Recorder which stores all sys-
tem signals, protection activations or trip events. When trips occur a Fault Recorder records all fault
data measured at the instant of the trip. Data of both recorders is provided with a time stamp and
can be called off either at the display or interface.

At present the following versions of MRD1 are available:

• MRD1-T2 Transformer differential protection for two-winding transformers

• MRD1-T3 Transformer differential protection for three-winding transformers
• MRD1-G Differential protection for generators and motors

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2. Features and Characteristics

Basic Unit

Standard equipment

• Modular design with automatic short circuiting C.T.-inputs

• Signal and data processing in a separate digital signal processor (32 samples per cycle)
• Digital filtering of measured quantities
• Three possibilities of parameter setting and data calling:
1) keyboard and display
2) RS232 interface at the front (laptop)
3) RS485 interface for integration into control systems at the rear
• Safety interlocking preventing parameter setting via different ways at the same time
• extensive internal plausibility check of modified parameters
• Event Recorder for recording system messages
• Fault Recorder for recording measured fault data
• Four programmable independent parameter sets
• Non-volatile memory for parameter sets, events and fault data
• Indication of measured operational values and resulting quantities
• Wide-ranging automatic self-tests
• Small relay size
• Three possibilities for relay re-setting
• Indication of relay function optically or via separate self supervision relay
• All data interfaces galvanical isolated
• Rated frequency selectable: 50 Hz/60 Hz
• Parameter setting protected by password

Functions which can be programmed by the user :

• Protection and system parameters
• Latched position or minimal signal duration for each of the output re-lays

Generator differential protection

• Stabilization against CT measuring errors
• No complete blocking of differential element but only reduced sensitivity
• Independent High Set differential element for heavy faults

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3. Design
This chapter informs briefly about operation elements and indication elements of the MRD1. Name
and position of the individual modules are also described. In chapter 5 operating of the relay and
type specific functions are explained in more detail.

Note
Front view and rear view illustrations of the MRD1 as well as connection diagrams can be found at
the end of the manual.

3.1 Relay front

SEG•••••••••15.10.08
MRDq••••••••15:41:50
Display in Home Position

3.1.1 Display
The MRD1 is provided with a 16-digit, double-line
liquid crystal display (LCD), which is of alphanumerical design for an easy dialog. The figure above
shows the basic status of the display. De-pendent on the mode selected, the following data can be
shown on the display:

• Date / Time / Relay type (Home Position)

• Measured operational data
• Measured fault data
• System parameters and protection parameters
• System signals and fault signals

3.1.2 LEDs
Additionally to the display there are max. 15 LEDs at the front, indicating each of the operational
status in the MRD1. All LEDs are two-colored (red/green) and arranged in two groups:

System and relay status indications

The 15 system indications are arranged underneath the alphanumerical display. They are allocated
to a certain function and show:

• Operational voltage available

• Trip
• OFFLINE TEST mode active
• Edit mode active
• Displayed parameter is modified but has not been stored yet
• Switch status of the 5 output relays
• Display of the relay function (self-test)

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3.1.3 Push-buttons
All necessary MRD1 adjustments and inquiries can be carried out from the front of the relay by
pressing the respective push-button (9 in total). Individual function of these push-buttons is ex-
plained in chapter Operating.

3.1.4 Parameter interface RS232

At the left of the relay front there is a 9-pole, D-SUB plug-and-socket connector for temporary lap-
top connection. At this connection a serial interface RS-232 is provided. A standard IBM™ compat-
ible PC or portable notebook can be connected to this PC interface. To connected MRD1 and PC a
1:1 modem-cable with 9-pole plug-and-socket is used. By using Woodward software HTLSOFT 3,
which is Windows™ compatible, MRD1 parameters can comfortably be set. Additionally all meas-
ured operational and fault data can be read out of the relay integrated non-volatile memories and
the optional fault recorder.

3.2 Master module

The master module is fitted right in the middle and contains components for data processing, the
main processor and the following connections:

3.2.1 Interface RS485

Interface RS485 at the rear of the relay is a permanent connection between the MRD1 and the host
computer. This interface operates at a constant transmission ratio of 9600 Baud if Woodward pro-
tocol "RS485pro" is used. Via RS485 interface all measured operational and fault data as well as
operational status indications can be read out - identical to RS232 inter-face. Remote setting of pa-
rameters is also possible from the control station. The 8-pole plug-and-socket connector contains
all necessary connections for this interface.

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3.3 Basic module

Plug-in units 1 and 3 are intended for individual applications and at our works they are equipped
with modules for measuring value detection in compliance with the relay function. (see folding
page)

Important Note
The MRD1 must only be dismantled or opened by authorized staff .
Removal of live modules entail severe danger for the person(s) involved be-cause there can no
sufficient protection against accidental contact be guar-anteed as soon as the relay has been
opened. Furthermore there is the risk of the modules being damaged by electrostatic discharge
(ESD/EGB) when handled improperly.

Identical modules must not be exchanged between different MRD1 basic versions.

Calibration of every MRD1 is done at work with regard to the specific features of that relay. A ran-
dom change of modules would lead to unreliable operation of the relay because the compatibility of
the relay components among each other would be in disorder and could not be guaranteed any
longer.
Any modification jobs on the MRD1, for instance, exchange of modules or software additions, are
only allowed to be done at our works or by authorized agents.

3.3.1 Basic module NT 6I

For generator, motor and transformer differential protection, module NT-61 is plugged into the first
space.

Measuring inputs
The module consists of six current measuring channels which are used for measuring the three
conductor cur-rents of each winding. The CT start point must be formed outside the re-lay since all
12 CT connections are wired separately on terminals. In addition to other measuring or protection
devices the MRD1 can be looped in to existing CT lines, assumed the CT being able to carry the
total bur-den.

Apart from further connections for voltage supply of the relay, the module is also provided with a
digital input for remote resetting as well as connection facilities for the five output relays. Four of
these are free to be used acc. to requirement; the fifth is assigned for Self test Relay.

RESET Input
If a voltage is applied to terminals of the RESET input (C8-D8), the MRD1 is reset to its basic sta-
tus. By this procedure possible alarms and trip signals are cancelled.

The voltage applied for resetting must be within the permissible high-range (see technical data), al-
though it must not necessarily be identical with the latter. The input is galvanical isolated from the
relay electronics. Contact D8 is also the neutral or minus for the blocking input.

Blocking Input
If a voltage is applied to the terminals of the blocking input (D8-E8), all protection functions as-
signed to the output relays are blocked. Terminal D8 is also the neutral or minus for the input.

Alarm relays
Potential free outputs of the five alarm relays provided are at terminals C, D and E, series 1 to 7.
Exact allocation can be taken from the connection diagram. Relay 5 is permanently assigned to
Self test Relay. Function allocation of the remaining relays is free and can be defined when pro-
gramming (see chapter 5). Two of these four relays are provided with two changeover contacts
each and the other two with one changeover contact each.

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4. Working principle
In this chapter the individual functions and working principle of the MRD1 are described.

4.1 Protective functions

4.1.1 Generator differential protection

Term Explanation
ID Bias current This is the current passing through the generator from the star point side
to the grid side. This current is representing the normal load.
Id Differential cur- The difference between grid side current and star point side current of
rent one winding.
Ia Pickup current If the differential current exceeds the pickup current, the relay trips.
Fault current This kind of fault current is the component of the measured differential
due to opera- current which, however, is not caused by a fault of the object to be pro-
tional condi- tected but is of systematic nature
tions
Stabilisation Under this heading all measures are compiled which stabilise the differ-
ential relay against nuisance tripping. Stabilising always means the
pickup current is raised and by this the differential relay becomes more
intensitive, but is never completely blocked.
IS Stabilising cur- This current develops from the bias current and represents the extent of
rent stabilising measures necessary as result of the fundamental analysis. Pa-
rameters of the pickup characteristic can be set.
m Harmonic stabi- This factor, derived from the analysis of the harmonic frequency, is apart
lising factor from IS the second stabilising factor and in case of rush and saturation by
following a special characteristic makes the differential relay stable
against tripping errors.
d[Id] Characteristic The characteristic curve is raised up by the value d[Id] immediately after
Offset a harmonic stabilisation factor “m” is measured to be greater than zero.
This is to give a basic stabilisation after detection of inrush or ct-
saturation during external fault by means of harmonic measurement.
Pickup charac- This characteristic defines the stabilising current dependence on the
teristic pickup current
Table 4.1: Term definitions

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General idealized view

Differential protection is a strict selective object protection and is based on the current measuring
principle at the input and output side of the object being protected. Dependent on the earthing me-
thod used, the neutral can also be included in measuring and balance.
The area between input and output CTs of the object is classed as protection zone supervised by
the MRD1. Included in the protection zone are also CTs and CT connection wire to the relay.

Figure 4.1:Definition of protection zone

The relay checks constantly if the incoming currents of a winding are met by respective outgoing
currents. If the balance of the conductor cur-rents shows a difference, this may suggest a fault with-
in the protection zone.

Note!
Motors and generators are to be handled from the differential protection in the same way.

To distinguish between faults occurring within (internally) or outside (externally) of the protection
zone is the main purpose of the differential protection because at internal faults the differential pro-
tection relay must trip, but not so at external faults.

Examples:

External fault
During a short circuit occurring at the grid, the short circuit current flows through the generator. The
difference between incoming and outgoing currents of all generator terminals is small (in ideal cas-
es = zero) I1-I2 = 0. The differential protection re-lay does not trip. (Switching off in such cases
probably to be realized by an over current relay).

Figure 4.2: External fault

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Internal fault
When an internal fault occurs the current balance is different. Dependent on the kind of fault a defi-
cit in the total of incoming currents can be observed. A winding short circuit, for instance, can be
fed from both sides, even if with different intensity. But this short circuit does not go through the
generator, it is fed from both sides into the generator. So therefore the current balance shows a dif-
ference.

Figure 4.3:Internal fault (example of a short circuit fed from two sides)

Due to the chosen direction of the reference arrow, current I2 flows here in negative direction.

The differential relays detects a current difference of

I1-I2 = Id and trips when Id has exceeded the set threshold.

Stabilizing
At first approximation this idealized view applies to stationary states only. In reality other effects,
especially CT errors, may cause the established current difference to rise, even if there is no inter-
nal fault. In such cases a simple static differential relay would mistakenly trip and to prevent this
stabilizing measures have to be taken. Possible sources of measuring errors are systematic and
can be duly taken into account.

Stabilizing the MRD1 means always an action to make the relay more insensitive.

Fundamental analysis
Distortion factors for differential current measuring are:
• Measuring errors of angle and value of the CTs used
• Poor adjustment of rated CT data to rated generator data

By these factors a fault current is caused which mainly depends on the biasing current. This fault
current is being measured as a differential current, although a generator fault must not necessarily
have occurred. When the pickup current is set at a very sensitive value, each of these factors can
cause unintended trip-pings. With increasing bias current the pickup current has to be corrected
upwardly.
The following pickup characteristic (exact characteristic) gives an detailed study of the individual
fault factors and the resulting fault current. In fig. 4 the expected fault current versus tripping
characteristic is shown.

If a real fault occurs, the measured differential current exceeds the biasing current caused by oper-
ational conditions. Therefore the pickup characteristic must exceed the biasing current characteris-
tic by the required sensitivity value. The exact course can be approximated by a simplified charac-
teristic consisting of two linear sections (I and II). The higher the characteristic begins, the higher
the permissible differential current. If the characteristic begins at a very low point this means maxi-
mum sensitivity. If the pickup characteristic is below the biasing characteristic, systematic effects
can cause unintended trips.

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Figure 4.4:Typical pickup characteristic (without considering transient processes)

Calculation of the differential current and stabilizing current resulting from the fundamental oscilla-
tion (current of the positive phase sequence system) produces a point on the characteristic. If this
point is within the tripping range, the output relay picks up. In case of harmonics of 4th or 5th order
in the differential current the characteristic curve is raised up statically by the parameter d[Id] and
dynamically by the measuring value m (characterizes the harmonic contents).

Tripping procedure
The protection program permanently checks the measurements that the DSP (digital signal pro-
cessor) delivers. When the DSP gives a new differential current the protection task checks whether
it lies within the tripping limits. If this is the case the MRD1 is internally energized. Tripping occurs
when the calculated difference current is consecutively three times within the tripping limits. To pre-
vent the energized state from being reset too quickly, a hysteresis of 75 % is programmed. This
means that a newly calculated difference current must be smaller than 75 % of the pre-sent charac-
teristic trip value in order for the energized condition to be reset. The total tripping time of the Relay
is below 35 ms.

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4.2 Analog measured value detection

4.2.1 Current measuring
For measuring the relevant currents there is a separate transducer for each of the existing meas-
ured quantities. This transducer provides galvanical isolation to the relay electronics. Adjustment to
the main CT rated currents is realized via the software. The input signal is trans-mitted by internal
CTs up to 64 times rated current linear. To achieve an utmost accuracy there are two current mea-
suring ranges, changeover of which is automatically.
Each channel has its own sample-and-hold circuit. All channels are scanned simultaneously.

4.3 Digital signal processor

The digital signal processor (DSP) in the MRD1 is mainly used for processing measured values by
controlling and monitoring data entry from the different measuring channels. In addition all input
signals are digitally Fourier filtered. Among other values this processor calculates RMS values and
stores digitalized signal sequences to the memory and the signal recorder (option). Apart from data
management and processing the DSP keeps performing wide-ranging self-tests.

4.4 Digital main processor

The main processors is the highest control element within the MRD1 and processes the actual pro-
tection pro-gram which interprets data obtained by the DSP and so refers to the operational status
of the object to be protected and to the own device. Special protection mechanism enable the
MRD1 to detect problems in the own hardware. All communication between MRD1 and the outside
world is also controlled by the main processor. This does not only mean control of indications or
handling of key inputs but also harmonizing the different data interfaces as well as control of output
relays.

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4.5 Block diagram

Figure 4.5: Block diagram

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4.6 General functions

4.6.1 Event-Recorder
The MRD1 is provided with an event recorder for recording events in a chronological order and
then stores them on a non-volatile memory. Any data entry has a time stamp so that time of the
event can always be traced back. Data can be called off either via keys and display or data inter-
faces.
Important events, such as trippings, are not only recorded in the memory but also shown on the
display. Pure informative events are stored in the recorder only and are not displayed.

More details on calling off events and further information on the event recorder can be found in
chapter 5.
System messages are listed in chapter 9.1.

4.6.2 Fault-Recorder
At each tripping of the relays, the fault recorder records all measured data and resulting quantities.
Any tripping event is automatically numbered consecutively in the recorder. Additionally to the
measured data the following details are also stored: the cause for tripping, serial number of the in-
cident as well as date and time at the instant of tripping.

The MRD1 is able to record several incidents in a FIFO memory. The longest stored data is over-
written when a new incident occurs. Complete data of altogether 5 incidents can always be called
off.
More information on storage capacity and calling off recorder data via keyboard can be found in
chapter 5.

4.6.3 -test relay

The self-test relay (relay 5) is energized during normal operation of the MRD1 and deenergized in
the following events:

• failure of aux. voltage

• failure of internal partial power supply
• processor failure detected by the internal watchdog
• detection of an internal fault by software routines
• when protection function of the out-put relays is decoupled in OFFLINE TEST mode
• when the default parameter set was loaded and the device automatically switched in
OFFLINE TEST mode
• self-test of the output relays is performed
• During power on initialization

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4.6.4 Self-test
By pressing the TEST key several menu guided special test routines can be started in the MRD1
for internal test purposes. Some tests disable the generator protection. These tests are locked by
password.

The following tests and information can be performed/is available:

Test / Inquiry Description Password Protection

requested function
Software version Number of version and date of software
number are inquired no remains active
LED-Test all LEDs light-up red f. 2s
all LEDs light up green f.2s no remains active
Test of output re- Sequence in one-second interval:
lays self-test relay de energizes yes inactive during the
all other relays de-energize test
all relays energize one after the other
(with LED)
relays return to actual position
self-test relay energizes
Memory test Test of software and memory by check-
ing the program check sum no remains active

4.6.5 Output relay settings

Reset time of the output relays:

With the exception of the self-supervision relay, all existing output relays are assigned to the diffe-
rential current element. It is possible to define a proper reset time for each individual relay. For this
period - from the moment of tripping - the relay remains in trip condition even if the cause for the
tripping does no more exist.

Note:
If the time for which the relay has been energized exceeds the adjusted reset time, the relay will re-
lease in-stantaneously after trip condition is cancelled. This is particularly important for relay tests
(test of the reset time) where the test current is not switched off immediately with tripping.

Figure 4.6.: Reset time

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If a relay is to remain self-holding after tripping, the reset time has to be set to „exit“. Setting as per
customer’s requirements can be noted down in the „selection“ line.

Relay
Basic equipment
1 2 3 4 5
Function Idiff Idiff Idiff Idiff ST
Idiff >> Idiff >> Idiff >> Idiff >>
Pre-adjustment (in s) 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 •
Custom setting
•

Setting range: 0 -...1,00 s or exit (=latching- contact until a DEVICE RESET is performed)
ST=Self-Test relay
• = no selection

4.6.6 Parameterising blocking

Blocking of protective function

The MRD1 offers a configurable blocking function. When applying a voltage to terminals D8-E8 all
protective functions are blocked that are configured for blocking. In case of active blocking the out-
put relays don’t act, but the device shows the fictive trip by means of Trip-LED.

A minimum hold time can be set for the blocking. During this time, starting from the begin of exter-
nal blocking, all protective functions are blocked, also in case the external blocking may was re-
leased. In case of longer continuous external blocking the blocking can be stopped after a maxi-
mum hold time tmax for enabling the relay to trip in case of ongoing faults.

Note:
Repeated impulse at the blocking time within tmin restart the hold times.

Assignment of functions to output relays

The MRD1 offers 5 output relays. Relay number 5 is pre-assigned to the self test function of the re-
lay and is working with zero-signal current principle. Output relays 1 – 4, and 6 – 10 are open-
circuit relays and can be assigned to internal logic functions.

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5. Operation
5.1 General
5.1.1 Data organization
Data and settings in the MRD1 are sub-divided into 4 groups and each of those are allocated to
one menu key or key combination. Related parameters or measuring data of one group are com-
bined on individual pages. General settings can be made on the SYSTEM parameter page. Test
routines are also on separate pages.

Figure 5.1: Data organization

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5.1.2 Parameter sets

MRD1 has access to four independent parameter sets. Each of these data sets comprises a com-
plete parameter set which makes individual setting of the MRD1 possible. If required by the opera-
tional procedure several different settings can be stored and then called off when needed.
Data of SYSTEM parameters (e.g. rated frequency, slave address, date, time etc.) are not filled in
the four parameter sets, they do always apply.

Figure 5.2: Parameter sets, principle

For processing the selected set is loaded into the EDIT memory (switch: Set to Edit). After parame-
ters have been changed, the EDIT memory is completely restored in the parameter set memory. All
changes are then jointly read-in.
Another switch (Work Set) defines on which of the data sets the protection program is based. All
switches are adjusted via software.

OFFLINE TEST mode is specified in chapter 5.1.6.

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5.1.3 Key function

Key short actuated long actuated (2s)
Function

a) from HOME POSITION: from HOME POSITION:

View active parameter set n select one of the four parameter sets to
(VIEW mode) edit (EDIT-mode)

b) leaf to next PARA page

+ from HOME POSITION:

o n select SYSTEM-parameter •
page

a) from HOME POSITION:

View DATA pages •
b) leaf to next DATA page

select the self test routines page

•

scrolling up / down scrolling up / down

single step fast

a) n change value. single step n change value, fast

b) move cursor

a) confirm selection (YES) finish working in EDIT mode, perform pa-

b) toggle setting in EDIT mode rameter plausibility check and save (if
check passed) all modifications
(yes/no ; on/off)

a) reject selection (NO) a) From HOME POSITION

b) cancel modification DEVICE RESET
c) clear message b) From Sub-Menu
back to home position

Note
In the following paragraphs key symbols are mainly used when explaining an operational proce-
dure. Keys with the term "long" on them have to be pressed for about 2s for actuating the function.
If there is nothing stated, the respective key has only to be pressed briefly.

SEG••••••••••0.10.08
MRD1••••••••09:33:34

Figure 5.3: Display in HOME POSITION

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5.1.4 LEDs
LEDs arranged at the relay front can light up in different colors and can also either show permanent
light or flash in different frequencies.

Meaning of the LED-signals

LED name LED lights up Meaning

POWER green Device OK
red flashing a FAULT of an internal supply
off Device OFF
TRIP off Normal
red Trip
red flashing a Energized
TEST off Normal
red flashing a OFFLINE-TEST-mode active
EDIT off Normal, VIEW mode
red EDIT mode after password access
MODIFIED off Normal
red EDIT mode: parameter modified
Relay off Relays off
Red Relays energised
green Relay-test
red flashing b Relay off after energising (until DEVICE
RESET)
red flashing a Relay blocked
SELFTEST green Protection o.k. (selftest relay on)
red System initialisation (after power on)
red flashing a OFFLINE TEST mode / Relay-TEST. no protec-
tion, only messages
off Internal fault. no protection

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5.1.5 VIEW mode / EDIT mode

There are two modes for selecting PARAMETER pages:
A short press on the PARA-key activates the VIEW-mode. The EDIT-mode can be selected by
pressing the PARA-key for approx. 2 s (long press).

• VIEW mode (viewing)

On pressing the key this mode only allows viewing the active parameters

• EDIT mode (processing)

Unlike in mode VIEW, in EDIT mode one of the four parameter sets can be selected. That
parameter set is then copied automatically into the EDIT memory and can be viewed there.
At the first attempt of changing a parameter, the password is requested. After entering the
password (LED EDIT lights up if the password was correct), the parameter can be
changed. For any further change of parameter(s) the password is not requested again. In
case the user does not know the password, the password entering mode can be cancelled
and still parameter sets be viewed but as explained above, they cannot be changed.

It is not necessary to acknowledge any change separately by pressing the ENTER key since at first
everything is processed in the EDIT memory only. Each of the changes can be cancelled again.
LED MODIFIED indicates that the parameter displayed was changed. If it should be set back to the
initial value, only brief actuation of key RESET (cancel function) is needed. If the process is closed
(with: ENTER, long), all the changes can be rejected again or be accepted. (Checkback: ARE YOU
SURE?). Before the parameter set is finally stored an internal plausibility check is performed to en-
sure that all settings are conclusive. If the check routine detects a irresolute combination of set-
tings, the user will be informed and the settings are not stored. e.g. an unsuitable combination of
genera-tor rated current (which is calculated from rated voltage and power capacity setting) an the
setted CT primary rated current.

The protection program executed in the MRD1 at the time is not affected by this procedure. Values
of the active parameter sets filed in the PARAMETER memory are still being used until the com-
plete EDIT memory is recopied into the respective PARAMETER memory. Only then all changes
made taking effect together in the protection program.

Note
If during processing the aux. voltage fails, the complete EDIT memory is erased. After aux. voltage
has returned, the protection program starts with those settings which were stored in the
PARAMETER memory before the last processing operations. By this it is ensured that the protec-
tion program does not work with incompletely changed data or meaningless data.

If due to the continuously running check-sum test data error or loss of parameter memory is noted
during start-up of the relay or during operation, a default parameter is loaded automatically. In such
case the relay changes to the Offline mode (see next chapter) and the self-supervision relay de-
energizes.

The EDIT-mode is left automatically if there is no input longer than 10 minutes (time out). Changed
parameters will not be stored.

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5.1.6 OFFLINE-TEST mode

For testing a parameter set the OFFLINE TEST mode can be activated. In this mode all output re-
lays are being switched off. Now it can be changed over to another parameter set for testing with-
out risking nuisance trip-ping. If the parameter set causes tripping, alarms are only shown on the
MRD1 display or indicated via LEDs. The OFFLINE TEST mode is enabled or disabled on the
SYSTEM SETTING page.

The OFFLINE TEST mode is indicated by:

• Self-supervision relay de-energizes (to inform the control system about the missing
protecttion function)
• Self-supervision LED flashes red (= no protection)
• LED TEST flashes red (= TEST mode active)

Important Notes
To prevent an unintended trip the OFFLINE TEST mode is activated as de-fault setting on first
commissioning. When the MRD1 recognizes a damaged parameter memory the default settings
are loaded automatically and the Offline mode is activated (with selftest relay unenergized).

During OFFLINE TEST mode the generator is not protected by the MRD1. Although a failure could
be detected during this mode, the MRD1 would not initiate a trip of the generator.

In order to prevent dangerous conditions, the generator must either have a sufficient backup pro-
tection or has to be switched off.

After an intended OFFLINE TEST this mode must be disabled so that protection is ensured again.

5.1.7 Reset (DEVICE RESET)

System messages in the display can be cancelled with a short press on the RESET key. The mes-
sage is not removed at all but stored in the EVENT-memory. A trip will also cause a message
which is also to be cancelled with a short RESET press. After this all measured and calculated val-
ues can be recalled from the fault recorder. All output relays and LEDs (if set to self-holding con-
tact) will remain in energized position until a DEVICE RESET is initiated to the MRD1 by a long
RESET press from home position.
The DEVICE RESET can also be initiated by the external reset input or via serial interface.

Info-messages do not need to be reset manually. They extinguish automatically after 5 s.

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5.1.8 Enter password

The MRD1 calls for a password if parameters are intended to be changed in the memory or other
important functions to be activated. Nearly all data can be called off by the user without entering a
password, but for changing any data, the password is required. Some test functions can only be
started after the password has been entered (see chapter 5.5).
If a password is required this is indicated on the display. The password consists of four digits and
key combination, , has to be actuated.

Display Process Key

PASSWORD? request to enter password
entering password
PASSWORD? XX with every key press a fur-
ther will appear in the dis-
play

PASSWORD password correct.

CORRECT•n LED EDIT on
password incorrect
PASSWORD WRONG LED EDIT remains off
NO ACCESS•n
Table 5.1: Procedure for entering a password

n Message appears for app. 2 s

Note
Any process started can be stopped at any time by pressing key RESET:

The password entered at our works consists of key sequence

It is advisable to change this password immediately to an individual one.

LED EDIT indicates if the password entered is correct. In this state changes on MRD1 settings can
be made. When changing over to another function in some cases the password has to be entered
again.
Also after storing or cancelling, editing authority becomes invalid. Hence it is very important that the
relay is only left after LED EDIT has extinguished to prevent unauthorized change of settings.

5.1.9 Password forgotten

Important
In case the password has been forgotten our works have to be contacted to inquire about the
measures for regaining access.

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5.2 SYSTEM settings

5.2.1 Selection
On this page the general functions are shown which are not stored in the four parameter sets. They
are stored separately and always apply, irrespectively of the parameter set selected. The SYSTEM
SETTINGS can only be selected from Home Display.

page select Display

+ n SYSTEM SETTINGS

n Starting at Home Display: press UP and hold, press PARA in addition to, release both

Figure 5.4.: System settings, principle

Note:

To change any setting or start an operation:

• Select parameter or option with UP / DOWN
• Press ENTER
• Enter password if requested
• If necessary: select setting with the +/- keys.
On setting date/time the arrow keys (up/down) are used to scroll to the next value.
Press ENTER to get new time valid.

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5.2.2 Overview

Key Existing lines Settings Range Default Actual

setting
scroll -----SYSTEM----- Headline
---SETTINGS-----
CHANGE change time and date see 5.2.3
DATE/TIME

RATED FREQUENCY rated frequency in Hz 50 Hz 50 Hz

Fn= .. Hz 60 Hz
COMMUNICATION select serial port disable RS485
MODE = ... RS232
RS485CAN
SLAVE Slave-address of RS485-interface 1-32 1
ADDRESSRS485

GROUP ADDRESS A...F Group selection ABCDEFto . . . .t

CONFIG: ....... t Time-/Date setting via
serial interface
EDIT PARA-SET programming via interface enable disable
VIA SP ........ disable
SELECT PARA SET parameter set switch over via inter- enable disable
VIA SP ........ face disable

OFFLINE TEST ctivate Offline-TEST-Mode enable enable

....... disable
SELECT WORK-SET select active parameter set 1 ... 4 1
SET (1) [ACTIVE]
PASSWORD CHANGE change password see 5.2.4
ROUTINE
RESTORE DEFAULT clear all parameter sets and set to
SETTINGS default
The device switches to OFFLINE
TEST mode automatically!
CLEAR clear event recorder
EVENT RECORDER
CLEAR clear fault recorder
FAULT RECORDER

Figure 5.5: SYSTEM settings page, overview

n Select with cursor and

To change any setting or start an operation press while shown in display.

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5.2.3 Time / Date

Key Display Remark Change value Setting range

CHANGE Headline • •
TIME / DATE
Scroll DATE: 01.01.___ TIME: change year 1980-2099
00:00:25

DATE: 01.__.1996 change month 1-12

TIME: 00:00:25

DATE: __.01.1996 change day 1-31

TIME: 00:00:25 (depends on
year/month)

DATE: 30.01.1996 change hours 0-23

TIME: __:00:25

DATE: 30.01.1996 change minutes 0-59

TIME: 12:__:25

DATE: 30.01.1996 change seconds 0-59

TIME: 12:00:__

accept settings and • •

start new time / date
cancel settings and restore • •
old time / date

Table 5.2: Date /time-setting

• No selection possible

Note
Both arrow keys have the same function for this setting procedure. Both move the cursor always to
the next digit group. After reaching the SECOND column, it is switched back to YEAR again. Digits
for the year and month have to be entered before digit(s) for the day to enable the MRD1 to carry
out correct calculation of intercalary days as well as the max. days in a month. The internal clock
does not stop during the setting procedure so that when cancelled by RESET key the actual time is
not changed. After pressing ENTER the modified time becomes valid.

Date/time setting may be synchronized via serial interface (see setting "GROUP ADDRESS).

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5.2.4 Password change

The password in the MRD1 can be changed at any time. For changing a password it is necessary
to know the present one. To rule out any typing errors, the password has to be entered twice. If the
entries are not identical, the password is not changed and the previous one still applies. (Please
see table below).

Display Step Key

PASSWORD CHANGE Password change with ENTER
ROUTINE

TO CHANGE OPTION Request to enter old password

PASSWORD?

TYPE YOUR NEW

PASSWORD! enter new password

TYPE AGAIN NEW enter new password again

PASSWORD

PASSWORD CHANGED n changing done

2 SIFF NEW PSW n The new password wouldn’t
TRY AGAIN be typed 2 times identically
Try again

Table 5.3: Password change, procedure

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5.3 PARAMETER-pages
5.3.1 Selection
This table gives an overview about all pages of a parameter set and the parameters belonging to.

Select PARAMETER-pages in VIEW- or EDIT mode

Key Display Remark

VIEW PARAMETER VIEW active parameter set continued at 5.3.2.

short SET (1) [ACTIVE]

LOAD SET TO EDIT EDIT mode

SET (1) [ACTIVE] select one of the four parame-
long ter sets to view or edit
confirm with ENTER

EDIT PARAMETER e.g. set 2 was loaded and is continued at 5.3.2.

SET (2) [IDLE] now ready for editing

Figure 5.6: Parameter pages, organization

Possibilities after modifying a parameter:

• Keep modifications and scroll to next line (up/down)

• Keep modifications and leaf to next page (PARA short)
• Cancel modification of the displayed value (RESET short)
• Storage of changed parameters (ENTER long)
• Finish working and refuse all modifications, no store (RESET long)

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5.3.2 Overview

Key Pages Parameter see

Headline
leaf to next VIEW PARAMETER Parameter active parameter ready for 5.3.1
page SET (1) [ACTIVE] pages viewing
(e.g. set 1)
or
selected set ready for viewing
EDIT PARAMETER
and editing
SET (1) [ACTIVE] (e.g. set 2)
***GENERATOR**** Data of pro- Rated power 5.3.3
****RATINGS***** tected device Rated voltage
CT primary current
CT connection
***PROTECTION*** parameter of Difference current at Is=0 × In 5.3.4
****SETTINGS**** differential- Difference current at Is=2 × In
protection Difference current at Is=10 × In
max. Difference current Idiff>>
**OUTPUT RELAY** Parameter of Assignment of protective and 5.3.6
***SETTINGS***** logic functions logic functions (AND-logic)
*FUNCTION INPUT* Reset time or self-holding of 5.3.5
*LOGIC SETTINGS the output relay
*EXTERN BLOCKING Parameter of 5.3.7
***SETTINGS**** external block-
ing
Table 5.4: Parameter pages, overview

On the first attempt to change a set-ting with the ± keys in a edit session the password is asked. To
view only parameter settings the PARA key is used to leaf to the next page and the UP/DOWN
keys are used to select the parameter.

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5.3.3 Generator ratings

Key Display Parameter Select Setting Default Actual setting

range
(• no
selection) 1 2 3 4

****GENERATOR*** Headline none • • • • • •

****RATINGS*****

POWER CAPACITY rated 10 kVA - 17.3

SnW1 = ... kVA apparent 300 MVA MVA
current
RATED VOLTAGE rated 100 V....30 6.6 kV
UnW1= ...A voltage kV
CT PRIMARY rated 1 1500 A
In= ...A primary cur- A.....50.000
rent of CTs A
MA CT CONNECTION Mains Side normal, normal
.......... CTs con- inverted
nection in
normal po-
larity (like
connection
diagram) or
inverted
(reverse po-
larity) n
SP CT CONNECTION correspond- normal, normal
.......... ing to Star inverted
Point CTs
n

NOTE:
The Parameter must be set to inverted polarity, if the direction of current flow in the secondary cir-
cuit is reverse to the input terminals of MRD1 according to the connection diagram (Chapter 10).

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5.3.4 Protection parameters

Differential protection

The tripping characteristic of the MRD1 can be set with four parameters:

Idiff0: Error of the CTs

Idiff2: Additional error of the CTs (linear range of the CTs)
Idiff10: Additional error by saturation of the CTs
Idiff>>: maximum permitted difference current
d[Id]: raise up of characteristic curve by offset in case of characteristic harmonics

In: Generator nominal current (or motor nominal current)

Figure 5.7: Possible setting range of the characteristic

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Woodward Manual MRD1-G GB

Key Display Parameters Select Setting Pre- Actual setting

of the char- range adjust-
acteristic (• no se- ment 1 2 3 4
lection)

***PROTECTION*** Headline none • • • • • •

****SETTINGS****
Idiff (Is=0xIn) differential 0.05...1.0 0.2
= x.xx xIn current Idiff at × In
stabilising n
current
Is/In=0 (see
picture) o
Idiff (Is=2xIn) corresponding 0.2...2 × 0.4
= x.xx xIn to Is/In=2 o In
n

Idiff (Is=10xIn) corresponding 2.0...8.0 2.0

= x.xx xIn to Is/In=10 o × In

Idiff (High Set) maximum 2.0...20.0 4.0

Idiff>>=xx.xxIn permitted dif- × In
ferential cur-
rent
**OFFSET VALUE** Offset of 0.0...8.0 2.0
**d[Id]=x.x xIn* characteristic
curve from
static basic
characteristic
curve
Table 5.5: Adjustable protection parameter

n To get no negative slope in the characteristic part I the setting Idiff (Is=2) must not be less then
the setting Idiff (Is=0). The MRD1 will check the inputs on this must.
o In = Generator nominal current (or motor nominal current)

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5.3.5 Relay-settings

Key Display Setting Select Setting range default Actual setting

(• no selec-
tion)
1 2 3 4
**OUTPUT RELAY** headline none • • • • •
****SETTINGS****

RELAY 1 TO LOG. Assignment of ABC....P AB....

AB------------------ relay 1 to logic
functions A...P, [↵]
OR-logic
RELAY 2 TO LOG. corresponding ABC....P AB....
AB------------------ to relay 2
[↵]
RELAY 3 TO LOG. corresponding ABC....P AB....
AB------------------ to relay 3
[↵]
RELAY 4 TO LOG. corresponding ABC....P AB....
AB------------------ to relay 4
[↵]
REL2 RESET TIME minimum Reset 0.00 .... 1.00s 0.2 s
t(rst)= ... s time /latching /exit n
time for relay 1 [↵]

REL3 RESET TIME corresponding 0.00 .... 1.00s 0.2 s

t(rst)= ... s to relay 2 /exit n
[↵]

Table 5.6: Reset time of the output relays

n The reset time is the minimum time the relay keeps energized after a trip. If the time is set to exit
the output relay is configurated as a latching contact.
The relay keeps energized after a trip until the MRD1 is RESETed. (DEVICE RESET)

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5.3.6 Setting of logic functions

Key Display Setting Select Setting De- Actual setting

range fault
(• no se- 1 2 3 4
lection)
*FUNCTION INPUT* Header line
*LOGIC SETTINGS*
(F) INPUT LOGIC A Assignment of
TO FUNCT: A- logic functions A to
protective functions A…B A_
(here: protective
function A = Id>)
(F) INPUT LOGIC B Assignment of
TO FUNCT: -B logic functions B to
protective functions A...B _B
(here: protective
function B=Id>>)
(F) INPUT LOGIC C Assignment of
TO FUNCT: AB logic functions C to
protective functions A...B __
(here: protective
function A and B)
... A...B __
(F) INPUT LOGIC P Assignment of
TO FUNCT: AB logic functions P to
protective functions A...B __
(here: no protective
function)

Note
For MRD1 there is the following definition:
Protective function A: Differential protection Id> (Low Set)
Protective function B: differential protection Id>> (High Set)

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Scheme:

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5.3.7 Blocking Setting

Key Display Setting Select Setting Default Actual setting

range
(• no se- 1 2 3 4
lection)
EXTERN BLOCKING Header Line
****SETTINGS****
EXTERN BLOCK TO* Blocking of protec- --,AB AB
FUNCTION = AB** tive functions (here:
protective function A
and B)
EXT. MIN BL-TIME Min hold time of 0.0 ... 0.1s
t-min = 0.1 s blocking 60.0
«exit»:no min. hold exit
time
EXT. MAX BL-TIME Max. blocking time 0.1 ... 2.0s
t-max = 2.0s when 60.0
continuing blocking exit
signal «exit»: latched
as long as signal
holds

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5.3.8 Validity check

The MRD1 is provided with a special parameter checking facility as protection against wrong set-
tings. However, to prevent that the actual set-ting range is too much restricted, this facility can only
protect against gross setting errors. Before they are stored, changed settings are checked for their
mutual validity. The procedure is such that firstly the parameters are compared to the calculated
rated currents IN (per winding) of the component, which result from the rated apparent power and
rated voltage. Thereafter inter-relation of the parameters is checked.

If there is a discrepancy when setting parameters via the keyboard, either the MRD1 does not allow
the respective value to be further changed or refers to the inconsistent value by issuing a clear text
message when trying to store the parameter. In this case the EDIT mode is not left and the value
can be corrected.
When setting parameters via an inter-face, validity errors are indicated by a special telegram mes-
sage.

A setting is not regarded to be valid if one of the following conditions are not met :

CT mismatch for each winding 1/4 x IN < IWPN < 2 x IN

• CT transformation ratio at MRD1 rated current IWPN < 5 A

• Relation of voltage levels For three-winding transformers (MRD1-T3)

UN Winding 1 ≥ UN Winding 2 ≥ UN Winding 3

For two-winding transformers (MRD1-T2)

UN Winding 1 ≥ UN Winding 2

• Tripping characteristic
Id(IS=0) ≤ Id(IS=2)
i.e. gradient Sector I ≥ 0
and gradient Sector I ≤ gradient Sector II

• Ext. Blockage
tmin > tmax
minimum hold time is greater than maximum hold time

Abbreviations:
SN set rated vector power
UN set rated component voltage (phase-to-phase voltage)
IN rated component current (IN = SN /(√3x UN)) calculated from UN and S
IWPN set rated C.T. primary current
Gradient characteristic gradient in the respective linear sector (see chapter 5.3.4)

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5.4 DATA pages

5.4.1 Selection
All measured, calculated and stored data can be recalled on the data pages

Key Display
--DATA READING—
---PROCEDURE---

Figure 5.8: Data pages, organization

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5.4.2 Overview

Key Page Data

Headline
leaf to next --DATA READING-- Data pages selected
page ---PROCEDURE----
**OPERATIONAL*** Actual measurements Phase current (L1 L2 L3)
**MEASURED DATA* and calculated dates Differential current
Stabilising current Is

*FAULT RECORDER* Recall stored trip dates Trip message, date / time ,
******DATA****** measurements
calculated measurements

*EVENT RECORDER* Recall event messages Message text date / time

******DATA******

***STATISTIC**** Recall statistic Data Operating hours

******DATA****** Trip counter
Alarm counter

Table 5.7: Data pages, overview

5.4.3 Measured and calculated data

Key Display Data

Scroll OPERATIONAL MEASURED Headline
DATA

MEASURED CURRENT Actual measuring value of the phase current L1

I MA L1 ....A MA=Mains side in A
MEASURED CURRENT corresponding to L2
I MA L2 ....A
MEASURED CURRENT corresponding to L3
I MA L3 ....A
... etc. Phase current in A (SP=Star point side)
calculated difference current (Idiff)
calculated stabilising current (Irestr)

Table 5.8: Operational measured data

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5.4.4 FAULT Recorder

Key Display Value

Scroll *FAULT RECORDER** Headline
******DATA******

FAULT RECORDER Record 0 (last trip) Trip number date/time

REGISTER (0) see below trip reason, all stored
data
FAULT RECORDER Record 1 (last trip but Trip number date/time
REGISTER (1) one) trip reason, all stored
data
for all existing registers Record n in chronological Trip number date/time
order trip reason, all stored
data

Table 5.9: Data of a fault recorder

Key Display Value

next value FAULT RECORDER Headline of the last trip
REGISTER (0) (e.g.)

FAULT NUMBER Trip number

Nr. XXXX
FAULT EVENT Reason of the trip
XXXXX XXXXX
FAULT DATE Date of trip
xx.xx.xx
FAULT TIME Time of trip
xx:xx:xx:xxx
FAULT CURRENT Current L1 of winding 1 in
W1 L1: xxx A A
etc. corresponding for all
stored dates

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5.4.5 EVENT-Recorder

Key Display Value

Scroll *EVENT RECORDER* headline
******DATA*****

EVENT Nr: 0 Event 0 event message-

................ see below date/time
of the last event
EVENT Nr: 1 Event 1 event message-
................ date/time
of the last trip but one
(previous)
corresponding to all stored Event n event message-
events date/time
in chronological order

Key Display Value

next value EVENT NUMBER (1) Event number and event e.g. last event
................ message

EVENT DATE: 01.01.90 Date of event

EVENT TIME: 12:23:34 Time of event

Table 5.10: Message and time / date

5.4.6 Statistic data

Key Display Value

next value ***STATISTIC**** Headline
******DATA******

TOTAL RUN TIME MRD1 Operating hours

... h
TOTAL NUMBER OF Trip counter
TRIPS: ...
TOTAL NUMBER OF Alarm counter
ALARMS: ...

Table 5.11: Statistic data

Note
This statistic counters cannot be resetted.

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5.5 TEST-routines page (Self-test)

5.5.1 Page selection

Page select Display

*INTERNAL TEST**
****ROUTINES****

5.5.2 Overview

Key Test Description execute

scroll *INTERNAL TEST** Headline
****ROUTINES****
VERSION:xxx-x.xx Display of version and date of the soft- Display
DATE: XX.XX.XX ware only

LED FUNCTION SELF Test Test of the LEDs:

TEST all LEDs will be illuminated green and
red for two seconds (no password
needed)
OUTPUT RELAY Test Test of the output relays:
SELFTEST IMPORTANT: all relays will be ener-
gised in a 1 s interval. The self test Re-
lay keeps off for the duration of the test. n
After the test all relays will be set to the
state before
PROGRAMM DATA Test Memory/program test:
CHECKSUM TEST This routine will test the memory and the
program by calculating a checksum.

n NOTE: Password is needed, because the protection function is disabled during the test!

Table 5.12: Implemented test routines

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5.6 Parameter programming help

This chapter is a step by step help how to enter the first specific settings into the MRD1 by key-
board. For more information about the parameter and its setting ranges see chapters:
PARAMETER-pages and SYSTEM settings.

Step Key
1 select PARAMETER-page in EDIT-mode

long
2 if necessary: select the set No. to edit

3 confirm selection
(set will be loaded in EDIT memory)
4 leaf to first parameter page

5 scroll to the first line of this page

(first parameter)

6 if necessary: change displayed value

on first modification: enter password

For bit-wise parameter like system-parameter “Group
Address” press [↵] shortly
7 scroll to next line
(second parameter)

there is no need to confirm the modification of step 6

with a separately ENTER press.
8 if necessary:
change displayed value repeat step 6 and 7 as long as needed
9 leaf to next page
continue at step 5

Other operations Key

finish working and store all modifications
(EDIT-memory will be copied back to parameter long
memory)
abandon working and refuse all modifications
(no storing)
long
cancel modification on the displayed parameter and
reset to old value. (if LED MODIFIED illuminated)
short

edit another parameter set finish with ENTER long or RESET long and continue
on step 1

Note
There is no need to confirm any modification by pressing ENTER. All modifications are temporarily
stored in the edit memory when scrolling with up/down keys. When pressing ENTER long all mod-
ifications in the edit memory will be stored in the parameter set memory after an ensurance re-
quest.

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6. Relay Tests
For testing the MRD1 the following has to be taken into account:
The test current source must supply a current free of harmonics. Should this not be the case, mea-
suring errors may result from this if the reference ammeter used is an RMS instrument (which is
common practice).

A B C D
Idiff 2/3 × I 0 1× In 0
Is 0 2/3 × I 0 1 × In

Value indications dependent on the test circuit used

Test circuits for differential current Idiff and stabilizing current Is:

The rated value indication for differential current and stabilizing current can be gathered from the
following table. Test current I should be in compliance with the generator nominal current (or motor
nominal current.

W1= Mains side, W2 = Star point side, LFG= (e.g.) Woodward Power Function Generator

NOTE for relay tests:

• Stated accuracies apply to rated values
• Currents must be free of harmonics
• When a three-phase connection is used for the test, the current must form a symmetric
system
• Parameters MA CT connection and SP CT connection must be in normal position

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7. Commissioning
7.1 Check list
Check Remark ok. ?
Safety Measures Observe relevant safety regulations
Aux. voltage range Prior to connection it has to be checked whether existing aux. voltage is
within the permissible range for MRD1
Rated system data Secondary currents of CTs provided in the system have to be in compliance
with rated currents of the MRD1 (1A or 5A) in the respective winding
Connection Check MRD1 for correct connection in the switchboard
Entry of rated system Has all rated system data correctly been programmed ?
data Are the indices of the vector group setted.
Are the CTs connected normal or revers
Setting of parame- Have all parameters for protection correctly been programmed ?
ters for protection
Reset time Are the reset times set to all output relays?
Selection of work pa- Has the right parameter set been selected as working set?
rameter set
Protection function Does LED SELF-TEST light up green and is self test relay energized ?
Device tests Self test routines
- Lamp test
- Test of the output relays
- Checksum test
- Test of the working parameter set in OFFLINE TEST mode

7.2 C.T. connection

The right polarity of the C.T. is very important and so when the MRD1 is initially connected this has
to be checked carefully. Reverse polarity at even one C.T. only is likely to cause trip errors. Wheth-
er connection of the MRD1 is correct can roughly be seen from the differential current indication,
provided the object to be protected operates trouble free. To check the correct C.T. connection,
firstly the MRD1 should be operated at the object to be protected in OFFLINE TEST mode.

Important Note:
In this operational mode, the object to be protected must have a sufficient back-up protection. Fur-
thermore it is assumed that the supervised component is not faulty and all parameters are correct.
When in OFFLINE TEST mode it is ensured that a CT with perhaps reverse polarity does not
cause an unintended trip.

Now the supervised component can be switched on while observing and interpreting the differential
current indication. Interpretation of the indicated value is always subject to local conditions (opera-
tion related fault current) and can here only be described generally. The test circuits described in
chapter 6 can be of help for fault identification.

The following table can be considered as reference when checking the connection. The stated val-
ues are based on symmetrical load I=IL1=IL2=IL3. Where loads are involved which are not 100 %
symmetrical, the observed values may deviate from the table. All figures are to be understood as
approximate values and are a multiple of the load current.

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Case Differential current Idiff / In Through current Is / In

1 All CTs are correctly connected 0 1
2 One CT connect. with rev. polarity 1,33 0,66
3 Two CTs connect. with rev. polarity 2,0 0
4 Three CTs connect. with rev. polarity 2,0 0

Table 7.1: Recommended values for differential current and stabilizing current indication at the MRD1 with assumed
faultless components and different numbers of CTs connected

1) Correct connection:
All C.T.s are correctly connected. This case is identical to that where all C.T.s are wrongly con-
nected or the direction of energy flow is reverse. But changes at the C.T. connection are not ne-
cessary.

2) One C.T. wrongly connected

In this case the current balance is out of place. There is about 1/3 x I through current missing and
the MRD1 recognizes 2/3 x I differential cur-rent instead. Input and output cur-rents in the phase
with wrong polarity are interpreted by the MRD1 that way as if 1/3 x I each flow into the faulty
phase. Thus the resulting differential current is 2/3 x I.

3/4 Two or three C.T.s wrongly connected

In these two cases the indication does not distinguish between two or three C.T.s wrongly con-
nected because of the internal calculation. If three CTs are wrongly connected, the respective fault
can be eliminated by changing parameter "C.T. Connection" without having to change the wiring

For locating all other faults either the complete C.T. wiring has to be checked after disconnection of
the component or the reversed connections to be traced by means of a suitable test current source.

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8. Technical Data
8.1 MRD - G Generator Differential Protection Relay
Common data

Rated frequency: 50 Hz, 60 Hz

Display: LED and LCD-Display (2 x 16 digits)

Voltage supply
Aux. voltage ranges Range Rated voltage Range
DC L 24 V 19-40 V
M 48/60 V 38-72 V
H 110/125/220 V 88-264 V
AC on request

Power consumption stand-by 13 VA

maximum 16 VA

Permissible interruption of the max. 50 ms (at rated voltage)

auxiliary voltage supply

Input CT
a) Phase current CT

Rated current IN 1 A or 5 A
Power consumption in current path: at IN < 0.1 VA

Thermal withstand capability

in current circuit: 250 x IN (VDE 435, T303),
dynamical current withstand (half-wave)
100 x IN for 1 s
30 x IN for 10 s
4 x IN continuously (VDE 435, T303)

linear range Low-Range 0.05...2 x IN

High-Range 2...64 x IN

Range setting automatically

Resolution 12 Bit per range

Failure < 0.1 % at IN

< 0.1 % at 64 x IN

Accuracy 0.05xIN <2%

(related to the measured value) 1xIN <1%
15xIN <2%

Operating time 25-30 ms

C.T. requirements: recommended min. requirements to exposit device
accuracy 5P20

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Function- and signal inputs

Digital inputs
Thermal withstand capability max. 310 V DC, 265 V AC
Coupling galvanically isolated with common return wire
High-level U > 18 V DC/AC
Low-level U < 12 V DC/AC

Reset and blocking input

Thermal withstand capability max. 310 V DC, 265 V AC
Coupling galvanically isolated with common return wire (D8)
High-level U > 18 V DC/AC function activated
Low-level U < 12 V DC/AC Function not activated

Communication serial interface RS232C

Data transmission rate 9600 Baud
Connection 9-pin D-sub plug
Insulation voltages DIN 19244 part 3 (IEC 870-3):

RS485
Data transmission rate 9600 Baud
Connection plugged terminals
(RXT/TXD-P, RXT/TXD-N, Signal Ground, PE)
Insulation voltages DIN 19244 part 3 (IEC 870-3):

Output relay
Contact class IIB DIN VDE 435 part 120
max. breaking voltage: 250 VAC/300 VDC
max. closing power: 1500 VA (250 V)
max. breaking power: 11 VA (220 VDC) at L/R = 40 ms
max. rating making current: 6A
Short circuit current: 20A/16 ms
Rated inrush current load: 64A
Returning time: 20 ms (without minimum operating time!)
Contact material: AgCdO
Contact life span: electrical: 2x105 switching points at 220V AC / 6A
mechanical: 30x106 switching points

Rated insulation voltage: 600 VAC (450V DC / 380 VAC) (VDE 435, T303)
Air- and creeping distance VDE 0160
Insulation coordination: pollution degree 3 for terminals,
pollution degree 2 for the electronic

Insulation test voltage, inputs and

outputs between themselves and
to the relay frame as per IEC 255-5: 2.0 kV (RMS.)/50 Hz.; 1 min.

Impulse test voltage, inputs and

outputs between themselves and
to the relay frame as per IEC 255-5: 5 kV; 1.2/50 s, 0.5 J

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High frequency interference test

voltage, inputs and outputs between
themselves and to the relay frame as
per IEC 255-22-1: 2.5 kV/1 MHz

Electrical discharge (ESD)

test as per VDE 0843, part 2
IEC 77B(CO)21; IEC 255-22-2: 8 kV

Electrical fast transient (Burst)

test as per DIN VDE 0843, part 4
IEC 77B(CO)22; IEC 255-22-4: 4 kV/2.5 kHz, 15 ms

Radio interference suppression

test as per EN 55011: limit value class B

Radiated electromagnetic field

test as per ENV 50140: electric field strength: 10 V / m

Power frequency magnetic field

immunity test 100 A/m continuous
IEC 1000-4-8 (EN 61000-4-8): 1000 A/m 3 s

Surge immunity test

(asymmetrical / symmetrical)
IEC 1000-4-5 (EN 6100-4-5): 4 kV

Mechanical test:
Shock: Class 1 as per DIN IEC 255 T 21-2
Vibration: Class 1 as per DIN IEC 255 T 21-1
Degree of protection: Front IP40
Overvoltage class: III

Setting ranges: s. tables chapter 5 and 10

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9. Tables/Connection diagrams
9.1 Possible event messages
Display Event
change to pset x Parameter set x is selected to active working set
UART paramet. on Parameter setting via interface is active
UART paramet. off Parameter setting via interface is not permitted
deflt. para. load Default parameter settings reloaded
manual reset Manual DEVICE RESET is performed
external reset External DEVICE RESET is performed
ser. port reset Software DEVICE RESET is performed
ext. block begin Blocking feature activated by external input
ext. block end End of blocking
Idiff> tripped Difference current trip
Idiff> released Difference current trip released
Idiff>> tripped Difference current high-set trip
Idiff>> released Difference current high-set trip released
relays operated Change output relay state (except Self test relay)
ST-relay energ. Selftest relay is energised
ST-relay release Selftest supervision relay is deenergized
LED-Test done Lamp test is finished
relay-test done Test of the output is finished
self-test done Self-test is finished
offline mode en Offline-Test-Mode is active
offline mode dis Offline-Test-Mode is not active
fault rec clear Fault recorder is cleared
event rec clear Event recorder is cleared
System start System start / device initialisation
old time setting Time/date setting was changed (old time)
new time setting Time/date setting was changed (new time)

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9.2 View

Front plate:

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Rear plate

Table 9.1.: Connection diagram MRD1-G

Technical data subject to change without notice !

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10. Order form

Generator – differential protection relay MRD1- A

Rated current 1 A G1
5A G5
DC-auxiliary voltage
24 V (19 to 40 V DC) L
48 V/60 V (38 to 72 V DC) M
110 V/125 V/220 V (88 to 264 V DC) H
Housing (42TE) additional MRD1-T2-HTL-3F42 available n

n necessary rack for the single components

Note
Normally the MRD1 is provided with one type of current transformer only (1A or 5A). Equipment
with two CTs of different current ratings in one relay only on request.

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Woodward Kempen GmbH

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Postfach 10 07 55 (P.O.Box) ⋅ D – 47884 Kempen (Germany)
Phone: +49 (0) 21 52 145 1

Internet
www.woodward.com

Sales
Phone: +49 (0) 21 52 145 216 or 342 ⋅ Telefax: +49 (0) 21 52 145 354
e-mail: salesEMEA_PGD@woodward.com

Service
Phone: +49 (0) 21 52 145 614 ⋅ Telefax: +49 (0) 21 52 145 455
e-mail: SupportEMEA_PGD@woodward.com

56 DOK-TD-MRD1-G Rev.A