This document discusses digital signal processing. It begins by defining digital signal processing as representing signals as sequences of digital numbers and using computers to process these signals. It then contrasts analog and digital signal processing, noting advantages of digital such as guaranteed accuracy, reproducibility, and flexibility. The document outlines the basic components of a digital signal processing system including analog to digital conversion, encoding of quantized samples, and digital signal processing before digital to analog conversion. It provides examples of applications of digital signal processing like adding echoes or adjusting audio.
This document discusses digital signal processing. It begins by defining digital signal processing as representing signals as sequences of digital numbers and using computers to process these signals. It then contrasts analog and digital signal processing, noting advantages of digital such as guaranteed accuracy, reproducibility, and flexibility. The document outlines the basic components of a digital signal processing system including analog to digital conversion, encoding of quantized samples, and digital signal processing before digital to analog conversion. It provides examples of applications of digital signal processing like adding echoes or adjusting audio.
This document discusses digital signal processing. It begins by defining digital signal processing as representing signals as sequences of digital numbers and using computers to process these signals. It then contrasts analog and digital signal processing, noting advantages of digital such as guaranteed accuracy, reproducibility, and flexibility. The document outlines the basic components of a digital signal processing system including analog to digital conversion, encoding of quantized samples, and digital signal processing before digital to analog conversion. It provides examples of applications of digital signal processing like adding echoes or adjusting audio.
This document discusses digital signal processing. It begins by defining digital signal processing as representing signals as sequences of digital numbers and using computers to process these signals. It then contrasts analog and digital signal processing, noting advantages of digital such as guaranteed accuracy, reproducibility, and flexibility. The document outlines the basic components of a digital signal processing system including analog to digital conversion, encoding of quantized samples, and digital signal processing before digital to analog conversion. It provides examples of applications of digital signal processing like adding echoes or adjusting audio.
low-pass filter This circuit acts as a low-pass filter. It removes or filters out the frequency components that are above the circuit cutoff frequency and passes the lower frequency components with little attenuation. What is Digital Signal Processing ?
The representation of signals in terms of sequences of digital numbers and the use of digital computers to process these signals to either analyze or modify the original signal is termed as Digital Signal Processing and in short DSP. Disadvantages of Analog Signal Processing • variation in the value of the electrical components. Analog circuits rely on the precision of the active and passive components (resistors, capacitors, inductors, and amplifiers). fC= 1 2πRC • since electrical components cannot be manufactured with perfect precision, the accuracy of analog circuits is limited. • Due to the component tolerances, the performance is not 100% repeatable and we expect some board-to-board variation in different circuit parameters. • analog circuits are not flexible. For example, to modify the frequency response of the above filter, we need to adjust the value of the components (the hardware needs to be modified). This is not the case with digital signal processing. With DSP, it is even possible to turn a low- pass filter into a high-pass filter by simply changing some programmable coefficients. • analog circuits are not suited for implementing mathematical functions (multiplication, division, etc.). This is in contrast to the digital domain where even much more sophisticated mathematical operations can be easily implemented. Digital Signal Processing
we need analog-to-digital (A/D) and digital-to-analog (D/A) converters at the input
and output of the signal processing block to interface our digital circuit with the real- world analog signals. A/D converter Encoding of quantized samples of the signal
• Considering a 4-bit ADC, there are 16 discrete levels to quantize the amplitude of the input signal. • These levels are shown by multiples of LSB in the figure. LSB is the minimum change in the input that leads to a change in the ADC output code. • The Encoder compares the amplitude of the analog input signal with its 16 discrete levels. Based on this comparison, the digital representation of the input is generated. • Then, the ADC uses a binary code to represent each level of the obtained staircase approximation. • For example, when the value of the red curve is equal to 4 times the LSB, the output of our four-bit ADC is 0100.
Digital signal processor” block receives a discrete-time sequence
because the ADC takes samples at multiples of a pre-specified sampling interval. And, the amplitude of each sample is quantized. digital signal processing system is used to add echoes or adjust the tempo and pitch of the voice to get a perfect sound Advantages of DSP
• Guaranteed Accuracy ( determined by the number of bits )
• Superior Performance ( Than analog signal processing • Perfect Reproducibility ( no variations due to component tolerances ) • No Drift in performance with temperature & age • Greater Flexibility ( wider applications with minimal changes in hardware ) • Immunity from Noise Disadvantages of DSP • Speed : The speed at which DSP takes place is still in the 100MHz range which means that signals having a very large frequency component in them are not suitable for DSP applications.
• Finite Word-length : In some real time simulations, cost considerations limit the DSP implementation with fewer number of bits which may create degradation in system performance.
Replies To Critics Author(s) : Imre Lakatos Source: PSA: Proceedings of The Biennial Meeting of The Philosophy of Science Association, 1970, Vol. 1970 (1970), Pp. 174-182 Published By: Springer
Replies To Critics Author(s) : Imre Lakatos Source: PSA: Proceedings of The Biennial Meeting of The Philosophy of Science Association, 1970, Vol. 1970 (1970), Pp. 174-182 Published By: Springer
