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Heat Wave

The document summarizes information about heat waves, including: - Definitions of heat waves from various organizations like the WMO and descriptions of low, severe, and extreme heat waves. - Causes of heat waves like climate change, depletion of the ozone layer, and high atmospheric pressure systems. - Effects of heat waves on human beings like heat stroke, dehydration, sunburn, and increased air pollution. - A case study about a deadly 2015 heat wave in Pakistan that caused around 2,000 deaths from dehydration and heat stroke.

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121915502011 gitam
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231 views16 pages

Heat Wave

The document summarizes information about heat waves, including: - Definitions of heat waves from various organizations like the WMO and descriptions of low, severe, and extreme heat waves. - Causes of heat waves like climate change, depletion of the ozone layer, and high atmospheric pressure systems. - Effects of heat waves on human beings like heat stroke, dehydration, sunburn, and increased air pollution. - A case study about a deadly 2015 heat wave in Pakistan that caused around 2,000 deaths from dehydration and heat stroke.

Uploaded by

121915502011 gitam
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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HEAT WAVE

BY
2011- NAVYA
INTRODUCTION
● The earth’s climate is warming, with global mean
temperature increasing by 0.74°C from between the
years of 1906 and 2005 .
● Humans are tropical animals, and therefore capable of
surviving in, and adapting to, such relatively small
changes in mean ambient temperatures.
● However, as mean global temperature rises, the
frequency, severity, and relative length of heat waves
increase Heat waves can be functionally defined as
an extended period of days with higher than normal
temperatures.
● Prolonged exposure to high ambient temperatures
induces a substantial stress on the human
cardiovascular system.
WHAT IS HEAT WAVE ?
● Generally temperature is more above the average
high temperature for the region.
● It is an extended period of very high summer
temperature with the potential to adversely affect
communities.
● High temperature are often accompanied by high
humidity, that the body cannot tolerate are defined
as extreme heat.
HEAT WAVE BY WMO (World Meteorological Organization)

● The World Meteorological Organization, defines a heat


wave as 5 or more consecutive days of prolonged heat
in which the daily maximum temperature is higher than
the average maximum temperature by 5 °C (9 °F) or
more.
● However, some nations have come up with their own
criteria to define a heat wave.
TYPES OF HEAT WAVE
Heatwaves are classified into three types, based on intensity.

● Low-intensity heatwaves are more frequent during summer. Most people can
cope during these heat waves.
● Severe heat waves are less frequent and are likely to be more challenging
for vulnerable people such as the elderly, particularly those with medical
conditions.
● Extreme heat waves are rare. They are a problem for people who don't take
precautions to keep cool—even for people who are healthy. People who work
or exercise outdoors are also at greater risk of being affected.
DEPLETION OF
OZONE LAYER

WHAT CAUSES OF HEAT WAVE ?

AIR PRESSURE CLIMATE CHANGE


1. CLIMATE CHANGE
● Climate Change is one of the most important
factors which cause heat wave and increase
their intensity and frequency.
● Heat waves are becoming hotter, lasting
longer and occurring more often
● In the last decade, record hot weather has
occurred three times more often than cold
weather records.
● Climate change is also making heat waves
worse in terms of their property, communities
and the environment
2. OZONE LAYER - DEPLETION

● The Ozone layer covers the earth from


direct and very harmful sun rays.
● Depletion of this layer can bring harm not
only for people but also for the
environment.
● The land may become drier and
temperature of the air will increase.
3. AIR PRESSURE

A heat wave occurs when a system of


high atmospheric pressure moves into an
area and lasts two or more days. In such
a high-pressure system, air from upper
levels of our atmosphere is pulled toward
the ground, where it becomes compressed
and increases in temperature.
EFFECTS OF HUMAN BEING

1. HEAT STROKE

2. DEHYDRATION

3. SUNBURN

4. AIR POLLUTION

5. DROWNING
Case Study – Heatwave in Pakistan

In recent years, excessive heat has caused more deaths globally than all other weather events. A heat
wave is a prolonged period of excessive heat, 10 degrees or more above average, often combined with
excessive humidity.
Heatwaves are common in many parts of the world, and the heatwave that hit Pakistan between June
18th- 20th, 2015, reached temperatures as high as 120 degrees Fahrenheit (49° Celsius). The
heatwave caused the deaths of about 2,000 people from dehydration and heat stroke.
When following local media, travelers are likely to hear weather forecasters use these terms when a
heat wave is predicted:
● Excessive Heat Watch– Conditions are favorable for an excessive heat event to meet or exceed
local Excessive Heat Warning criteria in the next 24 to 72 hours.
● Excessive Heat Warning – Heat Index values are forecast to meet or exceed locally defined
warning criteria for at least two days (daytime highs = 105-110° Fahrenheit (40-43° Celsius).
● Heat Advisory – Heat Index values are forecast to meet locally defined advisory criteria for one to
two days (daytime highs = 105-110° Fahrenheit (40-43° Celsius)
Advice to travelers:

● Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids even if you do not feel thirsty. Avoid drinks with caffeine or
alcohol.
● Eat small meals and eat more often.
● Avoid extreme temperature changes.
● Wear loose-fitting, lightweight, clothing made from natural fibers. Avoid dark colors
● Slow down, stay indoors and avoid strenuous exercise during the hottest part of the day
● Listen to local media and weather advisories in the case of a prolonged heat wave. Adhere to any
official advice.
Heatstroke is caused by a failure of the thermostat
in the brain, which regulates the body temperature.
If someone has a high fever or has been exposed to
heat for a long time, then their body can become
dangerously overheated.Sometimes, people get heat
stroke after suffering from heat exhaustion. This
occurs when someone is too dehydrated, and they
stop sweating, which means their body can’t cool
down anymore, so they develop heat stroke.Heat
Stroke can develop with very little warning, causing
unresponsiveness within minutes of someone feeling
unwell. Your priority is to cool them down as quickly
as possible and get them to hospital

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