Singapore Mathematical Society

Singapore Mathematical Olympiad (SMO) 2012

Senior Section (First Round)

Tuesday, 29 May 2012 0930-1200 hrs

Instructions to contestants

1. Answer ALL 35 questions.

2. Enter your answers on the answer sheet provided.
3. For the multiple choice questions, enter your answer on the answer sheet by shading
the bubble containing the letter (A, B, C, D or E) corresponding to the correct
answer.
4- For the other short questions, write your answer on the answer sheet and shade the
appropriate bubble below your answer.
5. No steps are needed to justify your answers.
6. Each question carries 1 mark.
7. No calculators are allowed.
8. Throughout this paper, let LxJ denote the greatest integer less than or equal to x.
For example, L2.1J = 2, L3.9J = 3.

PLEASE DO NOT TURN OVER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

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Multiple Choice Questions

1. Suppose a and (3 are real numbers that satisfy the equation

(V
x2 + 2 J2+ 1 x+ ) V J2+ 1 = 0

Find the value of �3 +;3 .

(A) 3 J J2+ 1(J2 - 1) - 8 (B) 8 -6v\12 + 1(J2 - 1)

(C) 3 JJ2+ 1(J2 - 1)+ 8 (D) 6 J J2+ 1(J2 - 1) - 8

(E) None of the above

2. Find the value of

20112 X 2012 - 2013 20132 X 2014 - 2015
-------+
2012! -------,-- -- -
2014!
(A) 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 (B) 1 + 1 - 1 - 1
2 009! 2 010! 2 011! 2 01 2 ! 2 009! 2 0 1 0! 2 011! 2 01 2 !
(C) 1 + 1 - 1 - 13
2 010! 2 01 2 ! 2 01 !
1 + 13 + 1
(D) 1 + 2 010! 2 01 ! 2 01 4 !
2 009! 2 009!
(E) 1 + 1 - 13 - 1
2 0 1 0! 2 01 ! 2 01 4!
2 009!
3. The increasing sequence T = 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 consists of all positive inte-
gers which are not perfect squares. What is the 2012th term of T?
(A) 2055 (B) 2056 (C) 2057 (D) 2058 (E) 2059

4. Let 0 be the center of the inscribed circle of triangle �ABC and D be the point on
AC with OD _LAC. If AB = 10 AC = 9 BC = 11, find CD.

(A) 4 (B) 4.5 (C) 5 (D) 5.5 (E) 6

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 5. Find the value of
cos4 75° + sin4 75° + 3 sin2 75° cos2 75°
cos6 75° + sin6 75° + 4 sin2 75° cos2 75° ·

(A) 1 (B) � (C) � (D) 1 (E) cos 75° + sin 75°

6. If the roots of the equation x2 + 3x - 1 = 0 are also the roots of the equation
x4 + ax2 + bx+ c = 0, find the value of a+ b+ 4c.
(A) -13 (B) -7 (C) 5 (D) 7 (E) 11

7. Find the sum of the digits of all numbers in the sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, . . . , 1000.
(A) 4501 (B) 12195 (C) 13501 (D) 499500 (E) None of the above

8. Find the number of real solutions to the equation

X .
= smx,
100
where x is measured in radians.
(A) 30 (B) 32 (C) 62 (D) 63 (E) 64

9. In the triangle 6ABC, AB = AC, LABC = 40° and the point D is on AC such
that BD is the angle bisector of LABC. If BD is extended to the point E such that
DE= AD , find LECA.
A

(A) 20° (B) 30° (C) 40° (E) 50°

10. Let m and n be positive integers such that m > n. If the last three digits of 2012m
and 2012n are identical, find the smallest possible value of m+ n.
(A) 98 (B) 100 (C) 102 (D) 104 (E) None of the above

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Short Questions

11. Let a b c and d be four distinct positive real numbers that satisfy the equations
(a2m2 c2 o12)(a2012 d2012) 2011
_ _
=

and
(b2o12 c2 o12) (b2o12 d2o12) 2011
_ _
=

Find the value of (cd ) 2 01 2 -(ab ) 2 012 .

12. Determine the total number of pairs of integers x and y that satisfy the equation
1 1 1
Y Y +2 3' 2X
13. Given a set S =
12 10, a collectionF of subsets of S is said to be intersecting
if for any two subsets A and B in F, we have A n B -=1 0. What is the maximum
size ofF?

14. The set M contains all the integral values of m such that the polynomial
2 ( m -1) x2 - ( m2 - m +12)x + 6m
has either one repeated or two distinct integral roots. Find the number of elements
of M.

15. Find the minimum value of

I sin x+ cos x + coscosx -2xsin x I
----­

16. Find the number of ways to arrange the letters A, A, B, B, C, C, D and E in a line,
such that there are no consecutive identical letters.
x
17. Suppose x 3V2+Iog3 is an integer. Determine the value of x.
=

18. Let f(x) be the polynomial (x-a1 )(x-a2)(x-a3)(x-a4)(x-as) where a1 , a2, a3, a4
and a5 are distinct integers. Given that f (104) 2012, evaluate a1+a2+a3+a4+a5.
=

A
19. Suppose x, y, z and are positive real numbers such that
yz 6-Ax =

xz 6-Ay =

xy 6-Az =

x2+y2+z2 1 =

Find the value of (xyz.A) -1 .

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20. Find the least value of the expression (x +y )(y +z) , given that x, y, z are positive
real numbers satisfying the equation
xyz(x+y+z) 1. =

21. For each real number let be the minimum of the numbers
x, f(x) 4x+1, x + 2 and
-2 x+ 4. Determine the maximum value of 6f (x) +
2012.

22. Find the number of pairs (A, B) of distinct subsets of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 such that A is
a proper subset of B. Note that A can be an empty set.

23. Find the sum of all the integral values of that satisfy
x
JX+3- 4 �+ JX+ 8- 6� = 1.

24. Given that

I x2+ 4x +5- v'x2+ 2x+5 1 ,
S = v'
for real values of x, find the maximum value of 84.
25. Three integers are selected from the set S = 1, 2, 3, ... , 19, 20 . Find the number
of selections where the sum of the three integers is divisible by 3.

26. In the diagram below, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral with AB = AC. The line
FG is tangent to the circle at the point C, and is parallel to BD. If AB = and 6
BC = 4, find the value of 3AE.

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27. Two Wei Qi teams, A and B, each comprising of 7 members, take on each other in
a competition. The players on each team are fielded in a fixed sequence. The first
game is played by the first player _of each team. The losing player is eliminated while
the winning player stays on to play with the next player of the opposing team. This
continues until one team is completely eliminated and the surviving team emerges as
the final winner - thus, yielding a possible gaming outcome. Find the total number
of possible gaming outcomes.

28. Given that m ( cos + ( sin and n ( .J2- sin

= B) i B) j = ( cos where and are
B) i + B ) j , i j
the usual unit vectors along the x-axis and the y-axis respectively, and E ( 1r 2n ) .
B
If the length or magnitude of the vector m n is given by m n 8'f, find the
+ + =
value of 5 cos (� + i) 5.
+
29. Given that the real numbers x, y and z satisfies the condition x +y + z = 3, find
the maximum value of j ( x y v2 x
z) = +13 +�3y +5+V'8z +12.
30. Let P ( x ) be a polynomial of degree 34 such that P(k) = k (k + 1 ) for all integers
k=0 1 2 34. Evaluate 42840 x P ( 35) .

31. Given that a is an acute angle satisfying

v369 - 360 cosa +v544 - 480 sina - 25 = 0
find the value of 40 tana.

32. Given that a b c d e are real numbers such that

a+b +c+d+e = 8
and
a2+b2+ c2+d2+e2 = 16
Determine the maximum value of L eJ.

33. Let L denote the minimum value of the quotient of a 3-digit number formed by three
distinct digits divided by the sum of its digits. Determine L10 £J .

34. Find the last 2 digits of

35. Let f (n) be the integer nearest to yfii. Find the value of

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