TENSE - PASSIVE

TENSE OLUŞUMU

İngilizce de 3 temel tense vadır.

1- SIMPLE ........................ V

2- CONTINUOUS = .......... BE + Ving

3- PERFECT = ................. HAVE

*** PERFECT + CONTINUOUS = HAVE BEEN + V3

BU tense ler tüm zaman ( time) dilimlerine çekimlenebilir.

A- ŞİMDİKİ ZAMAN ( PRESENT) = Tüm tense formüllerinde özneden sonra gelen

ilkkelimenin 1. hali kullanılarak elde edilr.

I play - I am playing - I have played - I have been playing

B- GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN ( PAST ) = Tüm tense formüllerinde özneden sonra gelen ilk
kelimenin 2. hali kullanılarak elde edilir.

I played - I was playing - I had played - I had been playing

C- GELECEK ZAMAN ( FUTURE) Tüm tense formüllerinin yalın ( üstteki) formül

hallerinin önünde WILL, MAY, SHOULD vb. Ihtiyaç duyulan MODAL kullanılarak
elde edilir.

He may go .......... muhtemelen gidecek

He may be going ..... muhtemelen şuan gidiyor
He may have gone ........ muhtemelen gitti / gitmiş
He may have been going ( for ..) .... muhtemelen gidiyordu / ( .. tir) gitmekteydi.

PASSIVE ( BE + V3)

Öznenin eylemi yapan değil, etkilenen ( yapılan) olduğu durumlarda kullanılır.

Tense yapılarına ( BE + V3) eklenmesi ile elde edilir.

SIMPLE (V) ............... IS / WAS V3

CONTINUOUS ............ IS / WAS BEING V3
PERFECT ................... HAS / HAD BEEN V3
MODAL + V ................ MODAL BE V3
MODAL HAVE V3 .............. MODAL HAVE BEEN V3

Tense sorusu çözerken ( öznenin active- passive olma durumuna da dikkat

ederek) aşağıdaki iki temel yöntemi ve maddeleri kullanınız.

LONDON STREET 1 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

1- ZAMAN ZARFLARINA GÖRE SORU ÇÖZÜM TEKNİĞİ

1- Throughout the century / in history / so far / up to now / recently / lately / for (2

years) now,for some time now, until now ile PRESENT PERFECT (HAVE V3 /
HAVE BEEN Ving) kullanılır.

Tensions .... steadily throughout the year, so I think the peace process .... down
completely soon.

A) have been increasing / will break

B) will increase / has broken
C) had been increasing / breaks
D) are increasing / was breaking
E) are going to increase / broke

Just as the scientists .... to find cures for different diseases throughout the
human history so has the bacteria got new shapes.

A) are trying
B) tried
C) were trying
D) have been trying
E) had tried

Birinci soruda yıl devam ettiği için, ikinci soruda ise insan tarihi hala devam
ettiği için cevap present perfect.

She said she .... me today, but so far she ..... .

A) will phone / doesn't

B) has phoned / hadn't
C) would phone / hasn't
D) phones / isn't
E) phoned / didn't

Up to now, the predicted Millennium computer bug .... very few problems,
although many scientists last year .... a catastrophe.

A) caused / have predicted

B) is causing / predict
C) causes / were predicting
D) caused / have been predicting
E) has caused / predicted

So far = up to now = until now (Şu ana kadar) . Bitmemiş bir zaman dilimi

LONDON STREET 2 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

I .... on this report for more than three weeks now, but I .... only half of it yet.

A) had worked / have been completing

B) am working / complete
C) work / am completing
D) was working / completed
E) have been working / have completed

For ….. now yapısı ile present perfect continuous (HAVE BEEN Ving)kullanılır.

We .... with the sales staff tomorrow because our sales .... recently.

A) will meet / decline

B) are meeting / have declined
C) meet / decline
D) met / were declining
E) have met / are declining

The President .... too hard lately, and as a result, he .... terrible.

A) has been working / looks

B) has worked / looked
C) worked / is looking
D) works / has looked
E) is working / was looking

While he ..... to scoot into the runner up spot in recent years, many still ....
Sebastian Vettal one of the greatest drivers ever.

A) has managed / consider

B) managed / considered
C) had managed / has considered
D) manages / consider
E) will have managed / has considered

Oscar-winner Geoffrey Rush .... £1.57m over allegations recently printed in an

Australian newspaper.

A) has been awarded

B) has awarded
C) awarded
D) had been awarded
E) was going to be awarded

LONDON STREET 3 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

Recently, conditions for breeding and migration .... not just favorable, but ideal.

A) have been
B) had been
C) will have been
D) will be
E) would be

Over recent years, many skilled craftsmen and women .... their jobs in the
pottery trade in the UK, but gradually English porcelain .... its reputation.

A) will have lost / will regain

B) had been losing / has regained
C) lost / regains
D) are losing / regained
E) have lost / is regaining

Recently / lately yapılarında eylem bitmemiş ise present perfect kullanılır.

Rıhanna .... her relationship with the famous businessman Hassan Jameel just
recently.

A) had ended
B) has been ending
C) was ending
D) ended
E) will end

Until recently, her aptitude for recognizing facial features .... to be a quality that
only humans and possibly primates possess.

A) had been presumed

B) will be presumed
C) is presumed
D) is being presumed
E) was presumed

Recently psychologist Derek Rucker .... that manipulating people’s feelings of

status either at work or in social life changes the amount that people will pay for
products.

A) reported
B) would have reported
C) reports
D) is reporting
E) had reported

Recently / lately yapılarında eylem bitmiş ise simple past (V2) ta kullanılabilir.
Bu durumda genellikle quite recently, only recently şeklinde kullanılırlar.

LONDON STREET 4 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

2- This is the first / second time /This is the best / oldest / the most beautiful ...
yapıları ile PRESENT PREFECT kullanılır.

This is the twentieth patient the doctor .... today.

A) had examined
B) was examined
C) has examined
D) was examining
E) is examined

I belive she …… the most beautiful girl I .... in this town

A) was / will see
B) is / saw
C) has been / had seen
D) is / have seen
E) had been / see

She used to come here only for short periods , so this is the first time she ....
London for so long.

A) was visiting
B) is visiting
C) has visited
D) had visited
E) would visit

3- all day / all year ile beraber PRESENT PERFECT (HAVE V3 / HAVE BEEN Ving)
kullanılır.

Isn't it strange that you .... for Mark's surprise party all week, but you .... him a
birthday present yet?

A) are preparing / didn't buy

B) have been preparing / haven't bought
C) prepared / don't buy
D) have prepared / aren't buying
E) prepare / weren't buying

Prices .... steadily all year, so I hope that we .... a pay rise soon.

A) rose / have got

B) are rising / got
C) have been rising / will get
D) had risen / get
E) were rising / had got

LONDON STREET 5 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

The number of orders per week .... all year and the sales manager is confident
that we .... our target.

A) has increased / had been reaching

B) will increase / have been reaching
C) increases / reached
D) increased / reach
E) has been increasing / will reach

Kadir .... Sevda all evening about her new boyfriend, but so far she .... him upset
her.

A) is teasing / wasn’t letting

B) has been teasing / hasn’t let
C) teases / hasn’t been letting
D) was teasing / doesn’t let
E) teased / isn’t letting

4- all day yesterday / all day tomorrow yapılarında ise eylemin şimdi (PRESENT)
ile bir bağlantısı olmadığı için, YESTERDAY ifadesinde PAST, TOMORROW
ifadesi ile de FUTURE bir seçenek tercih edilir.

Please don’t call me tomorrow as I .... studying all day.

A) have been studying

B) will be studying
C) study
D) was studying
E) have studied

all day tomorrow dediği için future tense

He was so tired that he .... all day yesterday.

A) is sleeping
B) has slept
C) will sleep
D) have been sleeping
E) slept

He had sore throat last week, because he drank cold water in the morning and
he .... out all day.

A) has worked
B) will be working
C) is working
D) has been working
E) worked

All day yesterday, all day last week dediği için simple past

LONDON STREET 6 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

5- LAST lı ifadeler, önünde the olmadığı sürece SIMPLE PAST (V2

We .... in Muğla for two weeks last summer. Since then, we .... a holiday by the
sea.

A) stayed / haven't had

B) are staying / don't have
C) were staying / didn't have
D) stay / aren't having
E) have stayed / weren't having

Last year, Sonny .... four miles each morning before breakfast, but he ....around
the block each morning instead since his heart attack.

A) ran / has been walking

B) has run / has walked
C) runs / was walking
D) has been running / walks
E) was running / walked

6- THE last … / for THE last …/ inTHE last .../ during THE last… / over THE
last …yapılarında ise, eylem henüz bitmediği için cevap PRESENT PERFECT.
THE LAST yerine THE PAST kullanımı da mümkündür. Ancak, devam etme
ihtimali olmayan, bitmiş eylemlerde SIMPLE PAST (V2) kullanılır.

For the last two weeks, Sandra .... about her exams so much that her hair ....out
because of stress.

A) worries / has fallen

B) has been worrying / is falling
C) was worrying / had fallen
D) is worrying / had been falling
E) worried / will have fallen

For the past 24 hours, a tropical storm .... the houses of villages in Mozambique,
but it is hard to know as yet how much damage it .... by the time it has stopped.

A) was going to batter / causes

B) battered / will have been causing
C) has been battering / will have caused
D) had been battering / has caused
E) is battering / has been causing

the last /past …… yapısı bazen önüne for / in / during / over alabilir. Present
perfect

LONDON STREET 7 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

7- In my life / In his life ( a person alive) kişi hala hayattta olduğu için PRESENT
PERFECT.

As I .... to abroad in my life , I am very excited about the meeting in Prague.

A) have never been

B) had never been
C) wasn’t
D) will never be
E) would not be

As the farmer .... yoghurt every morning throughout his life, he .... medicine and
he is almost as health as a young man.

A) had eaten / didn’t take

B) ate / didn’t take
C) has eaten / hasn’t taken
D) eats / hadn’t taken
E) will eat / doesn’t take

In my life / throughout his life ( hayatta olan bir çiftçi) bitmemiş bir zaman
dilimi

8- In his life ( a dead person) ölmüş birinden söz ediyorsa eylem bittiği için
PAST bir yapı doğru cevaptır.

Some people believe that Sheakespeare .... anything in his life. They believe that
he is the biggest plagiarist ever.

A) hasn’t written
B) won’t write
C) didn’t write
D) hadn’t written
E) hasn’t been writing

Sheakespeare hayatta olmadığı için, kendi döneminde yaptığı işler simple past

9- Today / this week / this month / this year etc. yapılarında kesin bir tense
kullanılamaz, eylemin etkileşimi ve oluş biçimine bağlı olarak SIMPLE PRESENT,
CONTINUOUS PRESENT, FUTURE TENSE veya PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
kullanılabilir.

My friend .... for an ice hockey team that .... only one match this season. It's no
wonder that he is not very happy there with them.

A) was playing / is winning

B) has played / had won
C) has been playing / wins
D) played / will be winning
E) plays / has won

Bu sezonun şu an a kadarki bölümü. (bitmemiş bir zaman dilimi) Present

Perfect.

LONDON STREET 8 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

My son ..... very well at university this term because he .... out late at night any
more.

A) does / hasn't stayed

B) did / isn't staying
C) has done / wasn't staying
D) was doing / hasn't been staying
E) is doing / doesn't stay

Dönem hala devam ediyor, iyi işler çıkarması devam eden bir eylem.Continuous

Shadow puppets .... in China and ..... as far as Turkey and Greece today.

A) will originate / have been spreading

B) are originating / will be spreading
C) originate / had spread
D) originated / have spread
E) will have originated / were spreading

Yayılma eylemi bitmiş,şu an görülebilen bir eylem. Present Perfect.

I …. to the opticians this afternoon because I …. difficulty reading small print

recentiy.

A) have gone / am having

B) am going / have had
C) went / have
D) have been going / was having
E) go / had

Bugün öğleden sonraki ayarlanmış bir randevu, gelecek zamana ayarlanmış

eylemlerde kullanılan present continuous. İkinci boşluktaki recently ve present
perfect ilişkisi de cevabımızı doğrulayan bir etken.

10- As a child / yesterday / in 1980 / at the time / ,,,, ago / any past date barındıran
soruların cevabı SIMPLE PAST TENSE olmalıdır.

Rachel .... up smoking four years ago and she .... a cigarette since.

A) was giving / doesn't smoke

B) has given / wasn't smoking
C) gave / hasn't smoked
D) has given / didn't smoke
E) is giving / isn't smoking

I .... a brace on my teeth as a child, but I didn't like it.

A) am wearing
B) had been wearing
C) have worn
D) wore
E) have been wearing

LONDON STREET 9 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

In 1951, the people of the Gold Coast .... for their own government and shortly
afterwards, they .... their country as Ghana.

A) vote / are renaming

B) voted / renamed
C) have voted / were renaming
D) were voting / have renamed
E) are voting / rename

Four years ago/ as a child/ in 1951 ifadeleri simple past.

11- at the time / this time last year / at this time yesterday gibi yapılar geçmişeki
zaman dilimini daralttıkları için genellikle PAST CONTINUOS tense ile
kullanılırlar.

This time last year, his business .... a reasonable profit, but now, because of bad
management, he .... to keep it going.

A) has made / has struggled

B) made / was struggling
C) make / has been struggling
D) has been making / struggles
E) was making / is struggling

I .... my book at this time last year , so I watched almost none of the football
games.

A) have written
B) had written
C) have been writing
D) was writing
E) will be writing

Even though it .... heavily at the time, they .... home.

A) has snowed / were driving

B) snows / have been driving
C) was snowing / drove
D) has been snowing / drive
E) snowed / are driving

This time last year/ at this time last year/ at the time yapıları past continuous.

LONDON STREET 10 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

12- At this time tomorrow / this time next year yapıları da gelecekteki zaman
dilimini daralttıkları için genellikle FUTURE CONTINUOUS ile kullanılırlar.

About this time next month, Sue .... in the Figure Skating Championships in
Stockholm, and according to her coach, she .... the triple jump by then.

A) will be competing / will have mastered

B) was competing / mastered
C) had been competing / has mastered
D) has been competing / had mastered
E) would compete / masters

I am happy because I .... in Europe on Eyobus at this time next month now that
I .... my visa.

A) will be travelling / have got

B) was travelling / got
C) have been travelling / have got
D) have travelled / got
E) will have travelled / had got

This time next month ve at this time next month ifadeleri ile future continuous.

13- now / right now / at the moment / for the time being / more and more gibi
zarflar, şimdi devam eden ya da değişmekte olan olayları anlatan eylemler
PRESENT CONTINUOUS ile kullanılırlar.

This time last year, his business .... a reasonable profit, but now, because of bad
management, he .... to keep it going.

A) has made / has struggled

B) made / was struggling
C) make / has been struggling
D) has been making / struggles
E) was making / is struggling

Now yapısı hikaye anlatımlarında ‘Now he was a doctor ( o artık bir doktordu) ‘
örneğindeki gibi geçmiş zaman da ifade edebilir. Bu sorudaki now,şimdi yi ifade
ettiği için ve birinci boşluktaki this time last year ifadesinden de faydalanarak
cevap present continuous.

More and more of my colleagues .... these days because the new owners of the
company have changed a lot of procedures. These changes won't affect me
though, because I .... my job here only recently.

A) have left / was starting

B) leave / am starting
C) were leaving / started
D) left / start
E) are leaving / have started

LONDON STREET 11 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

At the moment, the Spanish team .... well, but they .... a gold medal yet.

A) play / don’t secure

B) were playing / weren’t securing
C) are playing / haven’t secured
D) have been playing / don’t secure
E) played / aren’t securing

Right now, the hospitals .... for everyone to give blood because ,since the
terrorist attack, thousands of injured civilians .... hospital treatment.

A) have called / will bee needing

B) are calling / have needed
C) called / will need
D) call / have been needing
E) will call / need

More and more, at the moment ve right now yapıları present continuous.

14- nowadays/ these days / at present yapılarında PRESENT CONTINUOUS veya

SIMPLE PRESENT doğru cevaptır.

These research findings .... that people …. baby wet wipes for many purposes
these days.

A) have been indicating / were using

B) have indicated / have used
C) were indicating / used
D) indicate / are using
E) are indicating / have been using

At present, British farmers .... to the government because since the EC lifted the
ban on British beef, the French .... to buy any.

A) were protesting / refused

B) are protesting / have refused
C) had protested / were refusing
D) will protest / refuse
E) protest / will be refusing

Ilk sorudaki kullanma eylemi ve ikinci sorudaki protesto etme eylemi devam
ettiği için continuous.

The use of music in the British artillery .... from as far back as the 16th century,
but the Orchestra, which .... nowadays , is based on the band formed in 1762.

A) is dating / was playing

B) was dating / is playing
C) dates / plays
D) will date / played
E) dated / played

LONDON STREET 12 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

Orkestranın günümüzde çalıyor olması şu an devam eden bir durum değil, genel
olarak var olan bir eylem olduğu için simple present. İlk boşluktaki date fiili her
zaman simple present ile kullanılır.

15- tomorrow / in (2 weeks time) / two days from now / next … / soon/ seem/
appear yapıları ile FUTURE TENSE ler kullanılır.

Because of the recent floods, a large number of people .... their homes and it
seems that they .... the winter in tents.

A) are losing / have had to spend

B) lost / were spending
C) lose / have to spend
D) were losing / had spent
E) have lost / will have to spend

We .... with the sales staff tomorrow because our sales .... recently.

A) were meeting / declined

B) are meeting / have declined
C) meet / decline
D) met / were declining
E) have met / are declining

Prices ....steadily all year, so I hope that we .... a pay rise soon.

A) rose / have got

B) are rising / got
C) have been rising / will get
D) had risen / get
E) were rising / had got

Even though she .... after the normal deadline, it appears that the college .... her.

A) is going to apply / accepted

B) applied / will accept
C) had applied / will have accepted
D) has been applying / accepts
E) will apply / has accepted

Seem, tomorrow, soon ve appear ile future tense kullanımı.

16- Every (at present) / ( in the past) / ( in the future)

I .... a lot of weight since I .... drinking beer every night.

A) have lost / stopped

B) lost / am stopping
C) lose / have been stopping
D) was losing / have stopped
E) am losing / stop

Buradaki every night geçmişte her gece dediği için simple past (V2)

LONDON STREET 13 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

According to the new schedule the whole team have accepted, we .... every
Monday and Wednesday next term, but I'm sure we .... back to our normal
routine of once a week before long.

A) had trained / revert

B) train / have reverted
C) are training / reverted
D) are going to train / will revert
E) have been training / are reverting

Buradaki every Monday and Wednesday gelecek dönem dediği için future.

Purple heather blossom .... the hills of Scotland every year from the middle of
August until the middle of September, so the area .... lots of visitors at this time
of year.

A) will cover / will receive

B) covered / had received
C) had covered / received
D) covers / receives
E) is covering / will have received

Burada every year, sistematik olarak her yıl dediği için için simple present (V1)

17- Still yapısı ile anlatılan duruma göre PRESENT PERFECT, SIMPLE PRESENT
veya PRESEENT CONTINUOUS TENSE kullanılabilir.

It’s more than half an hour since I …….. assemble this mobile phone and I
still ….. in getting past the second step of the instructions.

A) have started / don’t succeed

B) have been starting / didn’t succeed
C) was starting / wasn’t succeeding
D) started / haven’t succeeded
E) am starting / don’t succeed

I ..…. my belongings for four hours now, and I still …… the living room yet.

A) pack / don’t touch

B) was packing / didn’t touch
C) have been packing / haven’t touched
D) packed / haven’t been touching
E) have packed / am not touching

İki soruda da eylem yapılamadığı halde süreç devam ettiği için present perfect.

LONDON STREET 14 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

Although the number of people sleeping on the streets in the UK ….. for years,
there are still many people who ... in temporary hostels because they lack
permanent houses.

A) has been falling / are sleeping

B) was falling / have slept
C) falls / will be sleeping
D) is going to fall / sleep
E) has fallen / were sleeping

The phrase "post modernism" ....... about fifty years ago, but most people
still ....... what it means.

A) was appearing / haven't known

B) has appeared / don't know .
C) appeared / don't know
D) appears / didn't know
E) has been appearing / haven't known

İlk soruda Hostellerde uyuma eylemi mevcut bir durum. are sleeping veya sleep
doğru cevaptır.İkinci soruda da post modernizm kelimesinin anlamının
bilinmemesi genel bir durumdur.

18- Yet ile birlikte genellikle PRESENT PERFECT kullanılır, ancak eylem
günümüze kadar gelmemiş, geçmişte bitmiş ise PAST PERFECT kullanımı da
mümkündür. Bazen know fiili ile görülebilir, bu durumda da cevap SIMPLE
PRESENT olmalıdır.

Isn't it strange that you ....... for Mark's surprise party all week, but you ....... him
a birthday present yet?

A) are preparing / didn't buy

B) have been preparing / haven't bought
C) prepared / don't buy
D) have prepared / aren't buying
E) prepare / weren't buying

I ....... on this report for more than three weeks now, but I ...... only half of it yet.

A) worked / have been completing

B) am working / complete
C) work / am completing
D) was working / completed
E) have been working / have completed

I ....... to play the lottery about two years ago, but I ....... anything yet.

A) was starting / didn't win

B) started / haven't won
C) start / haven't been winning
D) have started / don't win
E) am starting / wasn't winning

LONDON STREET 15 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

Henüz hediye alınmamış olması, daha yarısının bitmiş olması ve şu ana del
hiçbirşey kazanmamış olmak,bitmemiş bir süreç içerisinde olduğu için present
perfect.

Though I have been watching to this film almost for an hour , if someone asks
me what it is about, I can only say that I ……. yet.

A) hadn’t known
B) don’t know
C) haven’t known
D) am not known
E) didn’t know

Yet in olduğu sorularda know fiili PRESENT PERFECT değil, SIMPLE PAST
olmalıdır.

19- since / from the moment yapılarında şu formilleri arayınız.

SINCE/ FROM THE MOMENT + V2 + HAVE V3 veya HAVE BEEN Ving.

SINCE/ FROM THE MOMENT +a past date + HAVE V3 veya HAVE BEEN Ving.

Ancak bu yapının kullanımı için eylemin günümüze kadar gelmesi gerekiyor.

Eylem geçmişte bitmiş ise veya gelecekte olacak bir durumdan sözediyor ise bu
defa PRESENT PERFECT yerine geçmişteki durumlar için PAST PERFECT,
gelecekteki durumlar için ise FUTURE PERFECT kullanılır.

Last year, Sonny ....... four miles each morning before breakfast, but he .......
around the block each morning instead since his heart attack.

A) used to run / has been walking

B) has run / has walked
C) runs / was walking
D) has been running / walks
E) was running / walked

We ....... in Muğla for two weeks last summer. Since then, we ...... a holiday by
the sea.

A) stayed / haven't had

B) are staying / don't have
C) were staying / didn't have
D) stay / aren't having
E) have stayed / weren't having

My brother ....... a new Ferrari and he ....... about it ever since.

A) was buying / bragged

B) is buying / is bragging
C) has bought / brags
D) buys / has bragged
E) bought / has been bragging

LONDON STREET 16 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

I ....... a lot of weight eversince I …….. drinking beer every night.

A) have lost / stopped

B) lost / am stopping
C) lose / have been stopping
D) was losing / have stopped
E) am losing / stop

Our company's sales ....... since the new management ....... over.

A) have been improving / took

B) improve / has taken
C) improved / has been taking
D) are improving / was taking
E) were improving / is taking

My daughter ….. about her new course from the moment she ……. Last Friday.

A) complained / has started

B) has complained / starts
C) was complaining / was starting
D) has been complaining / started
E) complains / has been starting

20- By edatını ‘’ ..e kadar ‘’ diye çevirirseniz aslında çok farklı anlamda olan
UNTIL ile karıştırma olasılığınız yüksektir. Bu nedenle BY edatını ‘’ o tarihten
önce’’ diye çevirmeniziöneririm. Böylece aşağıdaki formüller de anlam kazanır.

by + present tarih + will have V3

by + past tarih + had V3

I hope the pond ....... over by Christmas, so we can go skating when our
cousins ....... to visit.

A) will be freezing / have come

B) is freezing / are coming
C) had frozen / were coming
D) has frozen / came
E) will have frozen / come

On the assumption that the Chinese economy ....... to grow as at present,

China ....... the United States as the world's greatest economic superpower by
the mid 21st century.

A) continued / has overtaken

B) continues / was going to overtake
C) will continue / will have overtaken
D) is continuing / overtakes
E) has continued / is overtaking

LONDON STREET 17 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

By the mid 1970s, 'Alo Tevsho' ....... one of the top department stores and
they ....... more underwear than any other British company at the time.

A) had become / were selling

B) is going to become / had sold
C) has become / are selling
D) became / will be selling
E) was becoming / will have sold

21- by the time + cümle

by the time + V1 + will have V3

by the time + V2 + had V3

You ....... for three months by the time you leave for your holiday, so you .......
quite a lot of weight.

A) have been dieting / will be losing

B) will have been dieting / will have lost
C) had dieted / lost
D) were dieting / had lost
E) are going to diet / have lost

For the past 24 hours, a tropical storm ....... the houses of villages in
Mozambique, but it is hard to know as yet how much damage it ....... by the time
it has stopped.

A) was going to batter / causes

B) battered / will have been causing
C) has been battering / will have caused
D) had been battering / has caused
E) is battering / has been causing

By the time the boss ….. , his secretary ……… typing the report.

A) had arrived / finished

B) arrives / has finished
C) has arrived / is finishing
D) is arriving / finishes
E) arrived / had finished

22- by lı yapılarda temel cümledeki fiil ‘be ‘ ise

by + present + will be ( will have been kullanımı yanlıştır)

by + past + was / were (had been kullanımı yanlıştır)

LONDON STREET 18 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

By the time I finished all the questions it ……. 5 o’clock and most of my
classmates ……. the class.

A) was / had left

B) had been / had left
C) had been / were going to leave
D) was / have left
E) is / have left

It …… too late by the time you return from the journey.

A) was
B) had been
C) will be
D) has been
E) will have been

23- Tek başına FOR her zaman present perfect olmayabilir. For .... now veya
for .... today şeklinde verilmişse present perfect continuous tense doğru
cevaptır.

You ....... for three months by the time you leave for your holiday, so you .......
quite a lot of weight.

A) have been dieting / will be losing

B) will have been dieting / will have lost
C) had dieted / lost
D) were dieting / had lost
E) are going to diet / have lost

For burada gelecek zamanı ifade ediyor.

We ....... in Muğla for two weeks last summer. Since then, we ....... a holiday by
the sea.

A) stayed / haven't had

B) are staying / don't have
C) were staying / didn't have
D) stay / aren't having
E) have stayed / weren't having

For burada geçmiş zamanı ifade ediyor.

My father ....... forward to retiring for years, but once he was a retired person,
he ....... bored quickly.

A) looks / has become

B) was looking / becomes
C) has been looking / becomes
D) had been looking / became
E) is looking / will become

LONDON STREET 19 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

For burada geçmişteki emeklilik olayından öncesini ifade ettiği için past perfect.

Sally's husband ....... for a new job because his present one ....... no
opportunities for advancement.

A) was looking / has offered

B) looks / was offering
C) looked / is offering
D) is looking / offers
E) has looked / has been offering

Bazen de değişik anlamlarda kullanılabilen for yapısı ,zaman bildiren for ile
karıştırılabilir. Ancak bu tür soruları çözerken for un hiçbir etkisi yoktur. Bu
soruda cevap D dir. Çünkü buradaki for , look for yapısının bir parçasıdır ve iş
araması devam eden bir durum, mevcut işyerinin olanaklar sunmaması ise
genel bir durumdur.

24- PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (have been Ving) , always,never gibi

sıklık zarflarıyla , once ,twice,several times gibi eylemin kaç kez yapıldığını
bildiren zarflarla veya just,yet,already gibi eylemin bittiğini belirten zarflarla
kullanılamaz.olayın ne kadar süredir devam ettiğini bu tense i kullanarak
verebilmek için genellikle SINCE ve FOR kullanılır.

I ………… that book several times so far, though it is not worth.

A) am reading
B) had read
C) have read
D) have been reading
E) was reading

Though I ……… with her only twice up to now , I think I am in love with her.

A) have been coming across

B) came across
C) come across
D) have come across
E) will have come across

Twice ve several times yapılarından ötürü continuous seçenekler elenir.

25- PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS , henüz bitmiş ama belirtileri devam

eden, izi görünen eylemlerde, özellikle yakınma, hoşnutsuzluk ve kuşku gibi
duyguları ifade ederken de kullanılır.

Though she is trying to hide, I can see from her red eyes that she ………. .

A) cried
B) is crying
C) was crying
D) cries
E) has been crying

Ağlama eylemi bitmiş olmasına rağmen, gözdeki kızarıklık görülebilen bir iz dir.

LONDON STREET 20 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

26- Herhangi bir zaman zarfı olmayan sorular büyük ihtimalle kanunlardan ya da
genel gerçeklerden sözeden bir cümledir ve cevap Simple Present olur.

Water ....... from liquid to gas when it ....... a temperature of 100°C.

A) has changed / reached

B) changed / was reaching
C) changes / reaches
D) has been changing / is reaching
E) is changing / reached

Orchid roots ……. Salep its unique fkavour and cinnamon …… extra flavor.

A) give / adds
B) has given / was adding
C) have been giving / has added
D) were giving / has been adding
E) are giving / is adding

27- Tense sorularında seçeneklerdeki fiil belli bir tarihe dayanmak anlamındaki
DATE ( back/ from ) ise cevap her zaman simple present olmalıdır.Soru
içerisinde mutlaka bir past tarih olacaktır, o tarihe aldanıp simple past
seçeneğine takılmayınız.

The use of music in the British artillery …….from as far back as the 16th century,
but the Orchestra, which ……. nowadays , is based on the band formed in 1762.

A) is dating / was playing

B) was dating / is playing
C) dates / plays
D) will date / played
E) dated / played

28- ORIGINATE fiili her zaman ACTIVE ve SIMPLE PAST tır.

Shadow puppets ....... in China and ....... as far as Turkey and Greece today.

A) will originate / have been spreading

B) are originating / will be spreading
C) originate / had spread
D) originated / have spread
E) will have originated / were spreading

29- Bazen bir soruda geçmişe ait zaman zarfı veya herhangi bir bağlaç
bulunmasa bile, bir işin nasıl yapıldığını anlatan bir zarf, bir eylemin sonucunda
ortaya çıkan bir veri,sayı , cümle içerisinde simple past bir fiil ya da eylemi
yapan kişinin ölmüş biri olması da simple past ı gösterir.

LONDON STREET 21 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

We ……… suddenly after the bend in Nursery Lane because a farmer …… his
cows across the road, which delayed us by ten minutes.

A) were stopping / herded

B) are stopping / is herding
C) stop / has been herding
D) stopped / was herding
E) have stopped / herded

Eylemin sona ermesi suddenly ( aniden) zarfı ile verilmişse bilinen ve

dolayısıyla bitmiş bir eylemdir.

The loud applause ……. how deeply the music …….. the audience.

A) shows / would affect

B) showed / affected
C) had shown / could affect
D) would have shown / have affected
E) may show / had affected

Alkışın şekli, müziğin etkileme şekli biliniyorsa bitmiş bir eylemdir.Bitmiş

eylemler simple past (V2) ile belirtilir.

2- ZAMAN BAĞLAÇLARINA GÖRE SORU ÇÖZÜM TEKNİĞİ

1- Zaman bağlaçlarına bağlı cümlede WILL ve türevlerini kullanmayınız.

When we ....... her, she……... in the wardrobe.

A) would find / hides

B) will find / has hidden
C) are going to find / is hiding
D) found / was hiding
E) were going to find / had hidden

When e bağlı cümlede gelecek zaman bildiren yapılar kullanılamaz.

2- Zaman bağlaçlarında iki cümle arasında TIME AGREEMENT olmalıdır.

bağlaç + any present tense or modal + any present tense or modal

bağlaç + any past tense or modal + any past tense or modal.

SINCE HARİÇ hiçbir zaman bağlacının ana cümlesi PRESENT PERFECT veya
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS olamaz.

LONDON STREET 22 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

When we ....... her, she.... in the wardrobe.

A) were finding / hides

B) will find / has hidden
C) are finding / was hiding
D) found / was hiding
E) have found / had hidden

A,C ve E seçekleri time agreement kuralından, B ise will den dolayı elenir.

When I ....... the alterations to the company accounts, I was left in no doubt that
the accountant ....... money from the firm.

A) saw / had been stealing

B) am seeing / had stolen
C) see / was stealing
D) had seen / will have stolen
E) saw / steals

Was left past bir yapıdır, present barıındıran tüm seçenekler elenir.

After she ...... to turn up for our appointment for the third time, I ...... to meet her
again.

A) is failing / was refusing

B) has failed / had refused
C) was failing / will refuse
D) had been failing / have refused
E) had failed / refused

Tüm yanlış seçenekler time agreement kuralından dolayı elenir.

3- WHEN li sorularda ana cümlede have V3 / have been V3 seçeneklerini

eleyiniz.

The guards ....... when the enemy …….. .

A) are sleeping / will attack

B) have slept / was attacking
C) slept / has attacked
D) were sleeping / attacked
E) have sleept / has attacked

He ……. An ambulance on his mobile phone already when a local resident …. to

help.

A) has called / offered

B) has called / offers
C) had called / offered
D) has been calling / offers
E) called / would offer

LONDON STREET 23 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

When the police …… all the evidence, they ……. to arrest the main suspect.

A) examined / are deciding

B) examine / have decided
C) will have examined / decide
D) had examined / decided
E) examined / have decided

4- Noun Clause ve Relative Clause da kullanılan WHEN ile bu kurallar aranmaz.

Today we ....... a lot of tangerines at one pound per kilo, unlike yesterday, when
we ....... very few customers.

A) were selling / have had

B) are selling / had
C) had been selling / had had
D) sold / will have had
E) are going to sell / will be having

Bu soruda time agreement kuralını uygularsak doğru cevap olan B yi elemiş

oluruz. Zira buradaki when yesterday i tanımlayan relative clause.

I know they will stay in our hotel but I don’ know exactly when they …… here.

A) come
B) will come
C) came
D) have come
E) had come

Bu soruda when var diye will seçeneğini elersek yine doğru cevabı elemiş
oluruz,çünkü buradaki when , ‘ne zaman geleceklerini bilmiyorum’ anlamında,
know fiilinini nesnesi olan noun clause yapısıdır.

5- Zaman bağlaçlarına bağlı cümlede (vurgu amaçlı) simple present (V1) yerine
present perfect (haveV3) , simple past (V2) yerine past perfect (had V3)
kullanılabilir. Bu durum, genel kuralları değiştirmez.

When they ....... in Sydney Harbour, they ....... non-stop for three months.

A) have anchored / will have been sailing

B) were anchoring / sailed
C) have anchored / were sailing
D) are anchoring / have been sailing
E) are going to anchor / have sailed

Burada anchor ile have anchored arasında fark yok, PRESENT PERFECT in
tense kullanımlarından herhangi biri ile bir ilgisi yok, sadece vurgu yapılmış.

LONDON STREET 24 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

When the judge ....... to all of the arguments, he ....... to postpone the hearing
until another time.

A) was listening / decides

B) listens / has decided
C) has listened / was deciding
D) had listened / decided
E) will listen / is deciding

Burada listened ile had listened arasında fark yok,sadece vurgu yapılmış.

6- The moment/ the minute / the instant / immediately / once ve as soon as

yapılarında genel kurallara ek olarak bağlaca bağlı cümledeki tüm continuous
tense leri, ayrıca ikinci cümledeki tüm continuous ve perfect tense leri
eleyebilirsiniz.

As soon as + herhangi bir CONTINUOUS tense i eleyin.

As soon as + S V O + tüm continuous ve perfect tense leri eleyin.

Tim ........ a master's degree once he ....... to Canada.

A) has begun / is returning

B) began / returned
C) is beginning / returned
D) was beginning / returns
E) had begun / had returned

A lot of youths …… the army the moment the Parliament ….. war on the
enemy.

A) are joining / was declaring

B) joined / declared
C) have joined / is declaring
D) are joining / has declared
E) have been joining / declares

As soon as I ……. paid I …… you all out for a meal.

A) have got / would take

B) got / have taken
C) will get / will take
D) get / will take
E) am getting / was taking

Bu yapılarda time agreement kuralının yanısıra bağlaca bağlı bağlı cümlelerde

CONTINUOUS, ana cümlede ise hem CONTINUOUS hem de PERFECT tense
leri eledik.

7- WHILE / AS

LONDON STREET 25 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

While a bağlı cümle genellikle continuous tense leden biridir. Fakat eylemin
kendisi cook, bake, wait gibi zaman alan bir fiilse SIMPLE tense ler de
kullanılabilir.

While ın her iki tarafında da PERFECT TENSE leri tereddütsüz eleyebilirsiniz.

AS in diğer anlamlarına ve WHİLE ın tıpkı WHEREAS gibi zıtlık bildiren anlamına

dikkat ediniz.

I ....... the potatoes while you .... the leeks for the soup.

A) peeled / will be chopping

B) will have peeled / have chopped
C) was peeling / had chopped
D) peel / will have chopped
E) will peel / chop

While you are chopping te olabilirdi ama onun yerine while you chop kullanıldı
çünkü pırasa soyma eylemi zaten zaman alan bir eylem olduğu için
CONTINUOUS kullanma zorunluluğu ortadan kalktı.

We ....... a lovely view of the Bosphorus and the bridges over it while the
plane ...... over Istanbul.

A) were getting / had flown

B) had got / is flying
C) got / was flying
D) get / has flown
E) are getting / had been flying

For most of the time throughout the picnic, the boys ....... football while the
girls ....... flowers.

A) will play / have been picking

B) are playing / will be picking
C) have played / are picking
D) were playing / were picking
E) had been playing / have picked

As my son ....... down by the river, I ....... his room thoroughly.

A) fishes / have cleaned

B) is fishing / cleaned
C) has fished / clean
D) fished / have been cleaning
E) was fishing / cleaned

While /as zaman bağlacı olduğu için bu bağlaçların bağlı olduğu cümlelerde will
ve türevlerini kullanan seçenekleri ve time agreement a uymayan seçenekleri
eledik. Ayrıca herhangi bir tarafında present perfect veya past perfect kullanan
seçenekleri de eleyince doğru cevaplara ulaştık.

LONDON STREET 26 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

8- JUST AS + was Ving + V2 TAM YAPACAKTIM Kİ anlamındadır ve her zaman
bu formüle uymak zorundadır. JUST AS e bağlı cümlede WAS ABOUT TO V1 de
görmek mümkündür.

Bazen ‘GİBİ’ anlamındaki AS in önünde ‘TAM’ anlamına gelen JUST kullanılabilir.

Bu yapının JUST AS bağlacı ile alakası yoktur.

The electricity ....... off last night just as the film on TV ....... interesting.

A) has gone / got

B) was going / has got
C) is going / has been getting
D) goes / is getting
E) went / was getting

The coach driver …….. into the restaurant just as I …... hungry.

A) has pulled / have been getting

B) has been pulling / got
C) pulled / was getting
D) pulls / was getting
E) is pulling / have got

My son ….... over a full jug of milk just as we ……. the house for an appointment
at the doctor’s.

A) knocks / left
B) had knocked / were leaving
C) has knocked / left
D) knocked / were leaving
E) knocks / had left

They blew down the tunnel .... the enemy was about to pass over it.

A) after
B) while
C) before
D) just as
E) as soon as

9- BEFORE / UNTIL-TILL / AFTER

Bu yapıların iki tarafında da IS VING / WAS VING/ HAVE BEEN VING çok nadir
görülür. İki taraftaki bu continuous tense leri çok nadir görülen istisnalar
dışında rahatlıkla eleyebilirsiniz.

He ....... great poverty until he ……..up writing and got a proper job.

LONDON STREET 27 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

A) has suffered / is giving
B) suffered / gave
C) is suffering / has given
D) has suffered / was giving
E) suffers / is giving

Before Petar Preradovic ....... poems in his native Croatian, he ....... all his poems
in German.

A) has published / is writing

B) is publishing / was writing
C) published / had written
D) had been publishing / will have written
E) has been publishing / has written

After she ...... to turn up for our appointment for the third time, I ....... to meet her
again.

A) is failing / am refusing
B) has been failing / had refused
C) was failing / will refuse
D) had been failing / had refused
E) had failed / refused

10- The first / second /last time

The last time + simple past + any past

The last time we ....... dinner with them, they ....... for a new house.

A) have had / looked

B) were having / have been looking
C) have been having / look
D) had / were looking
E) have / are looking

The first time I ....... horse riding, I was very nervous and ....... the reins
very tightly.

A) was going / am holding

B) have gone / hold
C) am going / have held
D) go / was holding
E) went / held

The last time we ……. along the seafront at Sidmouth, folk dancers …….
on a warm summer night.

A) walk / performed
B) have been walking / are performing
C) walked / were performing
D) were walking / perform
E) have walked / have performed

LONDON STREET 28 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

11- The next time

The next time + simple present + any future

The next time I ………. her, I …….. her about the potential dangers of swimming
here.

A) saw / warned
B) see / will warn
C) see / have warned
D) will see / will warn
E) saw / will warn

12- Çözdüğünüz soruda özne ile boşluktaki fiilin ilişkisine öncelikle dikkat edin,
özne o işi yapan değil, o işten etkilenen ( yapılan) ise, aynı tense in passive
(be+V3) hali doğru cevaptır.

Thatched roofs ....... in London in 1212, but they ....... to be used elsewhere even
today.

A) are forbidden / are continued

B) have been forbidden / will continue
C) forbade / have been continuing
D) were forbidden / continue
E) had forbidden / have continued

Çatılar yasaklayan değil, yasaklanandır, 1212 den dolayı simple past .

By the end of the year, everybody who ....... unemployed for over two years .......
on a training scheme.

A) is / will be sending
B) was / had been sending
C) has been / will have been sent
D) had been / has been sent
E) will be / is going to send

İnsanlar, eğitime gönderilen kişiler olduğu için cevap passive olmalı.

The point on the surface of the Earth directly above the focus, the point where
the first movement ...,….. place, ....... the epicenter of an earthquake.

A) takes / is called
B) has taken / has called
C) will be taken / has been called
D) was taken / was called
E) is taking / will have called

İlk hareketin meydana geldiği nokta ….. adlandırılır. İki eylemde de nokta
passive dir.

LONDON STREET 29 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

Forms of bread ....... as food since prehistoric times. Probably, the first
bread ....... from acorns or beechnuts.

A) were used / has been made

B) will have been used / was making
C) have been used / was made
D) are used / used to make
E) were being used / is made

Ekmek kullanmaz kullanılır, yapamaz yapılır; bu yüzden iki taraf ta passive

olmalı.

Constantin Brancusi, who ....... by the French sculptor Rodin, ....... works in
bronze, stone and wood.

A) influences / was created

B) was influenced / created
C) influenced / has created
D) has been influenced / is created
E) will be influencing / is creating

Brancusi Rodin den etkilenen olduğu için birinci boşluk passive dir. Bronz
eserler üreten olduğu için de ikinci boşluğu active olmalı.

The city of Plovdiv, ……....... considerably in an earthquake in 1928.

A) was damaged
B) is damaged
C) had damaged
D) was damaging
E) has been damaged

Plovdiv zarar veren değil verilendir. 1928 den dolayı cevap SIMPLE PAST.

HIGHLIGHTED TEST

LONDON STREET 30 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

1- Up to now , more than $110,000 ............. to help the families of 39 people
who ........... while being smuggled into the UK.

has raised / died

was raised / had died
has been raised / died
had been raised / have died
was raised / have died

2- When island foxes mysteriously ............. to disappear in the 1990s

they ................... the focus of an intense long-term effort to save them.

began / became
begins / will become
had begun / have become
have begun/ became
began / have become

3- In the early 20th century, the Ottoman Empire ............ with Germany, hoping
to escape from the diplomatic isolation which ............... to its recent territorial
losses, and thus joined World War I on the side of the Central Powers.

had allied / has contributed

allied / contributes
had been allied / was contributed
has allied / contributed
allied / had contributed

4- According to Korean Central News Agency (KCNA), When he was last seen ,
Mr Kim .......... by several senior North Korean officials, including his sister Kim
Yo-jong.

had accompanied
accompanied
is accompanied
has been accompanied
was accompanied

LONDON STREET 31 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

5- People .......... me, being a teacher you'll never have to worry about having a
job. And here I am, newly 40 years old and unemployed for the first time since
I .......... working.

have told / started

would tell / started
will tell / start
had told / have started
were going to tell / start

6- Istanbul,which .......... the Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires rise and
fall over its 2,500 year history, has been temporarily conquered by a new force:
The Pandemic.

had seen
was seen
has seen
is being seen
would see

7- It .......... a hundred years since the weasel-like fisher, grizzly bears, gray
wolves, and other predators .......... their historical range.

is / share
has been / have shared
was / have shared
has been / shared
was / shared

8- In 2017 Prague .......... as the fifth most visited European city after London,
Paris, Rome and Istanbul.

listed
was listed
has listed
had listed
has been listed

9- The last known member of the Muggletonian sect died in 1979 after donating
the sect’s archive of books and papers, which .......... in more than 80 apple
crates, to the British Library.

had been stored

stored
have stored
have been stored
are stored

LONDON STREET 32 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

10- Oscar-winner Geoffrey Rush .......... £1.57m over allegations recently printed
in an Australian newspaper.

has awarded
has been awarded
awarded
had been awarded
was going to be awarded

11- Ever since the Portuguese .......... Brazil some 520 years ago, indigenous
people ........... to regain their rights, particularly to ancestral land that is the
basis of their culture and their connection to traditional food, family, language,
and prayer.

had colonized / had struggled

have colonized / struggled
was colonizing / struggled
was colonized / have been struggling
colonized / have struggled

12- For huge numbers of young people, the novel virus .......... a defining
moment in their formative years and the economic hardship unleashed will
almost certainly shape their worldview in the same ways the 1930s Great
Depression .......... its children to become meticulous adults.

would become / had raised

is going to define / has raised
had become / raised
became / had raised
will become / raised

13- Mobile phones and tablets .......... in sci-fi years before we ........... them in real
life.

have appeared / had

appeared / have had
had appeared / would have
had appeared / had
will appear / had had

14- He .......... me he didn’t expect massive changes in the aftermath of the

pandemic. But he ........... his mind a week later.

has told / will change

told / is going to change
had told / changed
tells / would change
told / had changed

LONDON STREET 33 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

15- The most revelatory moment of the pandemic so far .......... the massive
response to it. World leaders who .......... changing the planet’s energy systems
have now shown that the world is, in fact, highly capable of responding to
challenges of great magnitude.

is / will dismay
has been / dismayed
was / would dismay
was / are
will be / are

16- By 1943, more than 310,000 American women .......... in aircraft production,
many as riveters who .......... assemble warplanes.

had been working / helped

were working / have helped
had been working / helps
have been working / help
are working / had helped

17- Poaching incidents in Botswana, of both elephants and rhinos, .......... during
the past couple of years.
had increased
will increase
would increase
have been increasing
had been increasing

18- Earth and Titan .......... to have liquids at their surface and terrain on the
planet suggests that Mars .......... liquid on its surface in the past.

are known / have

know / had
are known / had
had known / had
have been known / had had

19- While there .......... discoveries of archaeological evidence of human

occupation of the Rome area from approximately 14,000 years ago, the dense
layer of much younger debris .......... Palaeolithic and Neolithic sites.

have been / obscured

were / obscured
were / obscure
had been / obscured
were / had obscured

LONDON STREET 34 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

20- Donations from foundations which ........... by political parties or receive
most of their funding from governments or intergovernmental
organizations .......... .

fund / are rejected

are funded / rejec
have been funded / had been rejected
have funded / have been rejected
are funded / are rejected

21- DNA recovered from ancient chewing gums............ genomic information

for three hunter-gatherers who........... in Scandinavia more than 10,000 years
ago.

provided / had settled

provides / had settled
is provided / were settled
provides / settled
has provided / settle

22- Recently, conditions for breeding and migration .......... not just favorable,
but ideal.

had been
will have been
have been
will be
would be

23- Rome's early population .......... from a mix of Latins, Etruscans, and Sabines.
Eventually, the city successively became the capital of the Roman Kingdom and
the Roman Empire, and .......... by many historians as the first ever Imperial City
and metropolis.

was originated / was regarded

originates / is regarded
had originated / has been regarded
originated / is regarded
is originated / is regarded

24- After he .......... the birth anniversary celebrations of his grandfather, state
founder Kim Il-sung on 15 April, speculation about Mr Kim's health .......... .

missed / had begun

missed / has begun
has missed / began
had missed / has begun
missed / began

LONDON STREET 35 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

25- Peninah Bahati Kitsao, who lives in Mombasa, hoped they ..........asleep
while they .......... for their meal.

will fall / were waiting

would fall / waited
fell / were waiting
were going to fall / had been waiting
will fall / are waiting

26- We already knew my father .......... with cardiovascular problems since last
August but it .......... after repeated visits to the city center.

had been struggling / worsened

has been struggling / worsened
has been struggling / will worsen
was struggling / has worsened
was struggling / had worsened

27- By 1840, the U.S. .......... tens of thousands of Native Americans from their
lands along the Trail of Tears and more than 5,000 people .......... along the way.

forced / had died

had forced / died
had forced / had been dying
was forcing / had died
forced / were dying

28- The only thing that’s certain that this summer .......... very different from any
season that .......... before.

is looking / came
will be looking / has come
looks / would come
will look / had come
will look / has come

29- Barbary lions .......... relatively healthy levels of genetic diversity before
disappearing, and their extinction .......... quickly in evolutionary terms.

have had / happens

had / happened
have / will happen
had had / has happened
have had / had happened

LONDON STREET 36 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

30- Diego Calderon .......... birds in a remote area of Colombia when he .......... by
FARC. Now, he’s returning to meet former FARC members and search for
meaning in what happened.

was researching / has been kidnapped

was researching / was kidnapped
has been researching / was kidnapped
had been researching / kidnapped
had been researching / kidnapped

31- Farmers in southeastern Australia .......... difficulties over the past couple of
years, and crippling droughts .......... many to sell off their livestock.

had had / forced

have had / would force
had / will force
have had / force
had had / force

32- Some 75 percent of the world's active volcanoes .......... around the ring of
fire, a 25,000-mile long, horseshoe-shaped zone that .......... from the southern
tip of South America across the West Coast of North America, through the
Bering Sea to Japan, and on to New Zealand.

were positioned / stretches

positioned / stretched
are positioned / stretches
are positioned / is stretched
positioned / was stretched

33- In 2018 and 2019, when a series of cyclones that scientists link to unusually
warm seas .......... in off the Indian Ocean and soaked a sandy desert in the
Arabian Peninsula known as the Empty Quarter, a locust boom .......... .

pours / has followed

poured / has followed
had poured / has followed
had poured / followed
poured / had followed

34- By the time the Declaration of Independence .......... in 1776, white

people .......... to as “the Americans.”

was signed / had been referred

had been signed / were referred
was signed / were referred
signed / had been referred
was signed / had referred

LONDON STREET 37 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

35- East Africa got lucky in 2004, when a tsunami .......... by a huge earthquake
off the coast of Indonesia .......... more than 227,000 people.

was triggered / killed

had been triggered / were killed
triggered / had killed
was triggered / had killed
triggered / killed

36- In the 2016 IUCN assessment, scientists ..........that the bear’s

populations .......... by more than 30 percent over the next 30 years due to habitat
loss and human exploitation of the bear’s food sources.

predicted / would decline

predicted / will have declined
have predicted / will decline
predict / will decline
have predicted / would decline

37- Last year, poachers .......... more than two dozen rhinos throughout
Botswana, and already that number .......... during the first four months of 2020.

slaughtered / has been surpassed

slaughtered / has surpassed
were slaughtered / has been surpassed
slaughtered / had been surpassed
had slaughtered / surpassed

38- Before Europeans .......... in Yellowstone , wolves .......... over nearly every
inch of what is now the U.S.

arrive / have been roaming

would arrive / were roaming
had arrived / were roaming
arrive / had roamed
arrived / had been roaming

39- Christianity .......... root in Denmark and Norway with the establishment of
dioceses by the 11th century, and the new religion .......... to organise and assert
itself more effectively in Sweden.

took / begins
was taking / has begun
had taken / was beginning
took / will begin
had taken / will have begun

LONDON STREET 38 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

40- At the moment, we .......... past the ash cloud from the eruption of the
Eyjafjallajökull volcano that began in April 2010. Ash from the volcano .......... air
traffic in Europe for more than a month.

flew / disrupted
are flying / has disrupted
had flown / has disrupted
are flying / had disrupted
were flying / disrupted

41- In the 17th century, coffee .......... for the first time in Europe outside the
Ottoman Empire, and coffeehouses .......... , soon becoming increasingly
popular.

appeared / will be established

were appeared / were established
were appeared / established
were appearing / were establishing
appeared / were established

42- In September 2018, Sheikh Mohammed announced AlMansoori and Sultan

AlNeyadi .......... all young Arabs and the climax of the UAE's ambitions.

have represented
represent
will represent
are representing
would represent

43- Scholars .......... that major ancient Greek period dialect groups developed
not later than 1120 BC, at the time of the Dorian invasions and that their first
appearances as precise alphabetic writing .......... in the 8th century BC.

assumed / would begin

will assume / had begun
assume / begins
assume / began
assume / has begun

44- The British Agricultural Revolution .......... one of the causes of the Industrial
Revolution because improved agricultural productivity .......... workers work in
other sectors of the economy.

was considered / made

is considered / made
considers / has made
is considered / has made
was considered / was made

LONDON STREET 39 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

45- During the 18th century, systems of plant identification .......... comparable to
dichotomous keys, where unidentified plants .......... into taxonomic groups by
making a series of choices between pairs of characters.

were developed / had been placed

had been developed / were placed
developed / are placed
were developed / are placed
had been developed / has placed

46- While roman mythology .......... the founding of Rome at around 753 BC, the
site .......... for much longer, making it one of the oldest continuously occupied
cities in Europe.

dates / had inhabited

dated / had been inhabited
dates / has been inhabited
dated / has been inhabited
is dated / has inhabited

47- Without the institutions of the Roman empire that .......... its uniformity,
medieval Latin .......... its linguistic cohesion.

had supported / lost

had supported / would lose
supported / had lost
had supported / has lost
has supported / would have lost

48- Botany .......... as herbalism, the study and use of plants for their medicinal
properties. Many records of the Holocene period .......... early botanical
knowledge as far back as 10,000 years ago.

originated / date
originates / date
originated / dated
originates / dated
was originated / date

49- Examples of early botanical works, having been found in ancient texts from
India, .......... back to before 1100 BC, in archaic Avestan writings, and in works
from China before it .......... in 221 BC.

were dated / unified

date / was unified
dating / was unified
date / unifies
dated / was unified

LONDON STREET 40 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

50- Gordon Brown .......... the Brown Ministry after he .......... by Queen Elizabet
II to begin a new government following the resignation of the previous Prime
Minister of the United Kingdom, Tony Blair, on 27 June 2007.

had formed / was invited

formed / had been invited
formed / had invited
formed / has been invited
was formed / had been invited

Herhangi bir soruya yanlış cevap vermiş iseniz TEST YOURSELF bölümüne
geçmeden önce başa dönüp o bölümle ilgili kuralı yeniden okuyup birkaç cümle
yazınız.

TEST YOURSELF -1

1- Since in the mid-1990s, when the number of supporters .......... to decrease,

Greenpeace .......... the use of face to face fundraising where fundraisers actively
seek new supporters at public places, subscribing them for a monthly direct
debit donation.

has started / has pioneered

started / had pioneered
has started / pioneered
started/ has pioneered
had started / had been pioneering

2- Many PhD students and postdoctoral researchers .......... and overstressed,

and their mental health .......... because of it.

are overworked /is suffering

had overworked / were suffering
overworked / suffers
overwork / suffers
have been overworked / suffered

3- During the Nazi attacks, Warsaw’s 350,000 Jews .......... into a ghetto
surrounded by 10-foot walls topped with razor wire. Those who
escaped .......... on the spot.

forced /executed
had been forced / executed
were forced / had been executed
were forced / were executed
were forced / had executed

LONDON STREET 41 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

4- According to Anna Jarvis, the industries profiting from Mother’s
Day .......... charlatans, bandits and pirates that .......... with their greed one of the
finest movements.

had been / undermine

were / would undermine
are / undermined
had been / have undermined
have been / had undermined

5- The videophone .......... in the first episode of The Jetsons in 1962, when Jane
Jetson .......... a chat with her mother.
appeared / have had
appeared / had
have appeared / had
appeared / have had
have appeared / have had

6- Volcanic ash .......... as the gasses within rising magma .......... , shattering the
cooling rocks as they burst from the volcano's mouth.

formed / expanded
forms / expanded
forms / expand
formed / have expand
has formed / expanded

7- AlMansoori .......... off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan aboard

a Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft on September 25 last year, and .......... down safely on
October 3.

blasted / had touched

blasted / have touched
have blasted / touched
had blasted / have touched
had blasted / touched

8- Polish Jews .......... first ,but by the spring of 1940, the Nazis .......... non-Jews
linked to the resistance as well, staging public executions in downtown
Warsaw.

had targeted / had been terrorizing

had targeted / were terrorizing
were targeted / were terrorizing
were targeting / had been terrorized
are targeted / were terrorized

LONDON STREET 42 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

9- In 509 BC, the Romans .......... the last king from their city and established an
oligarchic republic. Rome .......... a period characterized by internal struggles
between aristocrats and small landowners before.

expelled / had suffered

expelled / had been suffered
had expelled / suffered
had expelled / had suffered
expelled / have suffered

10- World War I .......... the political European map radically, with the defeat of
the Central Powers and the 1917 Bolshevik seizure of power in Russia, which
eventually.......... the founding of the Soviet Union.

altered / had led to

was altered / led to
had been altered / led to
has altered / was led to
had altered / led to

11- Fighting over who .......... the next ruler of Benin, a kingdom that was located
in present-day southern Nigeria, Esigie .......... victorious in 1504.

was / had been

had been / would be
has been / was
will be / was
would be / was

12- By the time Julia Agrippina, known as Agrippina the Younger, ..........24,
she .......... for 11 years and given birth to her only child, Nero.

had been / was married

is/ will have been married
was / had been married
was / would have been married
has been / would have been married

13- When the team’s scans .......... with other tests, the researchers found that
they ........... an extremely thin layer of fatty substance coating the outsides of
the snake scales.

combined / have detected

combined / had been detected
were combined / have been detected
were combined / had detected
are combined / detected

LONDON STREET 43 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

14- In 2012, the Indian government .......... a national welfare and conservation
action plan for sloth bears, but .......... it yet.

released / hasn't enforced

was released / hasn't enforced
released / hasn't been released
has released / doesn't enforce
had released / doesn't enforce

15- Over the past two decades, wild bears .......... thousands of people, and
they .......... hundreds.

mauled / have killed

have mauled / killed
had mauled / have killed
had mauled / had killed
mauled / kill

16- First Lady of the U.S., Lady Bird Johnson, made an early Picture phone call
to Dr. Elizabeth Wood and asked if she .......... her and all who .......... make that
great scientific stride possible.

may congratulate / helped

might congratulate / had helped
had congratulated / have helped
has congratulated / had helped
will congratulate / helped

17- Urbanization .......... what precious wilderness remains, and sloth

bears .......... much from the conservation projects protecting other species.

devoured / hadn't benefited

had devoured / doesn't benefit
devours / haven't benefited
have devoured / hadn't benefited
would devour / wouldn't benefit

18- Volcanic lightning .......... when roiling ash particles .......... against each
other and become electrically charged.

occurs / rub
occurs / rubbed
occurred / rub
will occur / rubbed
would occur / have rubbed

19- Scientists .......... gray wolves into the world’s first national park ,
Yellowstone National Park, in 1995 just before they .......... to extinction.

had reintroduced / had driven

reintroduced / had been driven
were reintroduced / had driven
reintroduced / were driven
had been reintroduced / were driven

LONDON STREET 44 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

20- Native to Southeast Asia, the endangered "Queen of the Primates" .......... for
its striking appearance.

knew
had known
had been known
has known
is known

TEST YOURSELF - 2

1- A year ago people .......... uncomfortable saying they want to be an astronaut

because no one .......... in that.

had felt / believes

felt / believes
feel / believed
would feel / believed
would have felt / would believe

2- Tom .......... distribution of an underground press bulletin secretly. On August

1, 1944, when he warned people that an order .......... at 5 p.m. to launch the
Warsaw Uprising.

was managing / would be given

managed / would given
would manage / was given
was managed / was given
had been managed / gave

3- A huge migration and separation ...........when the ancestors of Asiatic

lions .......... off about 70,000 years ago.

had occurred / have split

occurred / split
have occurred / had split
occurred / would split
occurs / split

4- The Solomon Islands .......... bare by foreign logging companies, in some

cases acting illegally.

stripped
had stripped
have stripped
is being stripped
would have been stripped

LONDON STREET 45 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

5- Ancient Greek .......... the language of Homer and of fifth century Athenian
historians, playwrights, and philosophers. It .......... a standard subject of study
in educational institutions of the Western world since the Renaissance.

has been / had been

has been / was
is / has been
has been / has been
was / has been

6- Parts of India, China, Central America, South America and the

Middle-East .......... a long history of hand manufacturing cotton textiles,
which .......... a major industry sometime after 1000 AD.

had / become
have had / is becoming
have / became
had / will become
had had / had become

7- A machine for making a continuous sheet of paper on a loop of wire

fabric .......... in 1798 by Nicholas Louis Robert who worked for Saint Leger Didot
family in France. The paper machine .......... as a Fourdrinier after the financiers,
brothers Sealy and Henry Fourdrinier.

patented / known
was patented / had been known
has been patented / was known
was patented / is known
had been patented / knew

8- In recent years, coffee, tea, sugar, tobacco and chocolate .......... affordable to
many in Europe.

had become
was becoming
will become
has become
would become

9- Since 1869, Hart Island .......... in the bodies of people with no known next of
kin, including some who .......... of AIDS, tuberculosis—and now coronavirus.

had taken / have died

took / have died
had taken / had died
would take / have died
has taken / died

LONDON STREET 46 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

10- In April 1964, the picture phone .......... for public demonstration at the
World’s Fair in New York. Two months later, service .......... with booths in
Chicago, New York, and Washington, DC.

debuted / had begun

had debuted / began
debuted / begins
had debuted / has begun
debuted / is beginning

11- AlMansoori’s pioneering journey .......... two years ago after UAE
Vice-President and Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al
Maktoum .......... for young Emiratis to register for the UAE Astronaut
Programme through the MBRSC.

had begun / had called

had begun / would call
began / had called
had begun / called
began / will call

12- President Carlos Alvarado Quesada .......... a state of emergency on March

16, closing schools, beaches, national parks, and borders while virus
cases .......... still in the double digits.

declared / were
declared / had been
had declared / were
had declared / are
has declared / were

13- Rhianna Pezzaniti was project manager of what .......... known as the Public
Silo Trail which still .......... six painted silos in southwestern Western Australia.

had become / connected

had become / connects
becomes / had connected
would become / connects
will become / connected

14- By 1908, Anna Jarvis .......... the first Mother’s Day events in West Virginia
and Philadelphia with a considerable success.

have organized
organizes
had organized
will have organized
would have organized

LONDON STREET 47 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

15- Mount Semeru .......... the highest volcano on the Indonesian island of Java.
It ........... in a constant eruption since 1967.

was / has been

is / has been
has been / was
had been / was
is / had been

16- Centuries’ worth of hunting, trapping, and poisoning .......... the species from
the lower 48 states by 1930 when the intense conservation efforts .......... .

had erased / started

erased / had started
has erased / started
has erased / had started
will have erased / started

17- The engineers said they .......... by people who believe they're working on 5G,
which has been wrongly linked to coronavirus.

had thretened
have been treatened
are threatened
will have been threatened
had been threatened

18- Feeding wildlife is generally discouraged, but it .......... the only way to help
the endangered Grevy’s zebra .......... drought.

may be / survive
might have been / survived
might be / had survived
could be / have survived
could have been / had survived

19- Oral tradition passed down from the pre-colonial kingdom of Benin ..........
the idea that Mandana was the only woman who went to war.

would have maintained

maintains
had maintained
will have maintained
had been maintaining

20- Since the invention of the telephone and even before we ..........it in real life,
video chatting ........... in science fiction.

have / has appeared

has had / appeared
had / has appeared
had had / had appeared
had / was appearing

LONDON STREET 48 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

 TEST YOURSELF -3

1- The skulls of two ancient hominins .......... at the same site in South Africa.
They are the earliest fossils ever found for their respective species,
which .......... back around two million years.

were found / date

had been found / dated
found / date
have been found / are dated
have been found / dated

2- The Helmut Kohl building, opened last October, .......... after the German
chancellor who .......... European unity after the collapse of communism.

is named / symbolised
names / symbolises
was named / symbolised
is named / has symbolised
named / symbolised

3- Generation Z , people born in 1990's to mid 2000's, today.......... and build

communities in different ways than any generation .......... before.

is going to have to find / had done

will have to find / has done
has had to find / did
had had to find / does
has had to find / will do

4- Facebook .......... to set up a digital payments system in around 12 countries

by early 2020.

will have been planning

will have planned
would have been planning
would plan
is planning

5- The battle between the Hittites and the Egyptians .......... by historians as the
largest chariot battle in history. The extraordinary clash .......... the Hittites as
major regional players for years to come.

was regarded / maintained

is regarded / will maintain
is regarded / would maintain
regards / was going to maintain
regarded / would maintain

LONDON STREET 49 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

6- As one of the largest keeps in the Christian world, the White Tower .......... as
"the most complete eleventh-century palace still existing in Europe".

had been described

described
had described
has been described
describe

7- Every now and then a man’s mind .......... by a new idea or sensation, and
never .......... back to its former dimensions.

was stretched / is shrinking

stretches / shrank
is stretching / has shrunk
is stretched / shrinks
has stretched / had shrunk

8- Angelina Jolie .......... as a charitable mother and survivor figure, largely due
to the fact that she .......... multiple charitable foundations.

painted / sets up
had painted / has set up
is painted / has set up
will be painted / was set up
has been painted / will have set up

9- Rome .......... the capital city and a special comune of Italy as well as the
capital of the Lazio region. The city .......... a major human settlement for over
two millennia.

was / will be
had been / has been
will be / had been
is / was
is / has been

10- An economic recession .......... from the late 1830s to the early 1840s when
the adoption of the original innovations of the Industrial Revolution .......... .

occured / slowed
occurs/ had slowed
has occured / slowed
was occuring / slows
had occured / was slowing

LONDON STREET 50 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

11- The commencement of the Industrial Revolution is closely linked to a small
number of innovations, beginning in the second half of the 18th century. By the
1830s the following gains .......... in important technologies.

will have been made

had made
made
had been made
has been made

12- An analysis of 146 fossilized teeth belonging to 16 extinct crocodile

relatives ........... something surprising: At least three times in their history,
ancient crocodile cousins .......... vegetarians.

revealed / becomes
reveals / becomes
reveals / will become
has revealed / became
had revealed / has become

13- Environmental historian Frank Zelko .......... the formation of the "Don't Make
a Wave Committee" to 1969 and, according to Jim Bohlen, the group .......... the
name "Don't Make a Wave Committee" on 28 November 1969.

dates / had adopted

dated / were adopting
dates / adopted
had dated / adopts
has dated / has adopted

14- Although there .......... evidence of scattered Brythonic settlements in the

area what is now London, the first major settlement .......... by the Romans about
four years after the invasion of AD 43.

was / is founded
is / was founded
iIs / founded
has been / had founded
was / has founded

15- The Vikings were often depicted with winged helmets and in other clothing
taken from Classical antiquity. This .......... to legitimise the Vikings and their
mythology by associating it with the Classical world, which .......... in European
culture for long.

was done / had been idealised

did / was idealised
had done / has been idealised
has been done/ idealsed
had been done / was idealised

LONDON STREET 51 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

16- Even after they .......... Christianity, The kings of Norway continued to assert
power in parts of northern Britain and Ireland, and raids continued into the 12th
century, but the military ambitions of Scandinavian rulers .......... now directed
toward new paths such as Istanbul and Baghdad.

were adopted / had been

had been adopted / were
adopted / are
have adopted / have been
had adopted / were

17- In 1900’s the British and Russian Empires .......... for influence in Central
Asia, a rivalry which .......... known as The Great Game.

had competed / had become

have competed / has become
are competing / will become
have been competing / became
were competing / would become

18- Since the first Moroccan state was found by Idris I in 788 AD, the
country .......... by a series of independent dynasties.

had been ruled

has beenruled
has ruled
ruled
was ruled

19- Pre-industrial societies .......... by low productivity and short life expectancy;
preventing children from participating in productive work .......... more harmful
to their welfare and that of their group in the long run.

characterised /was
are characterised / had been
were characterised / would be
had characterised / is
have characterised /was

20- Low-carbon energy technologies such as solar energy, wind energy ..........
substantial progress over the last few years, but nuclear energy, and carbon
capture and storage .......... similarly.

had seen / have not improved

saw / did not improve
had seen / does not improve
have seen / have not improved
will have seen / will not improve

LONDON STREET 52 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

 TEST YOURSELF -4

1- Hamas, the governing authority in the Gaza Strip, .......... a sophisticated

network of military tunnels since it .......... control of the Strip in 2007.

had constructed / had seized

constructs / has seized
is constructing / seized
constructed / has seized
has constructed / seized

2- By the time the Reform Act 1832 .......... law, Manchester ........... a borough and
many social reforms had come to fruition.

had become / became

became / has become
became / had become
becomes / has become
has become / became

3- Although all of Germany's stated demands .......... by the agreement, privately

Hitler was furious that British interference ..........him from seizing all of
Czechoslovakia in one operation.

were satisfied / were prevented

satisfied / prevented
had satisfied / prevented
were satisfied / would be prevented
had been satisfied / had prevented

4- Hitler .......... that the United Kingdom's refusal to end the war was based on
the hope that the United States and the Soviet Union .......... the war against
Germany sooner or later.

believed / would enter

has believed / will enter
believes / are going to enter
had believed / will enter
believed / have entered

5- By November 1941, Commonwealth forces ........... a

counter-offensive, Operation Crusader, in North Africa, and reclaimed all the
gains the Germans and Italians ........... .

had launched / would make

launched / have made
have launched / made
had launched / had made
would have launched / would have made

LONDON STREET 53 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

6- An estimated 414 million pieces of anthropogenic debris including plastics,
foam, metal and glass, weighing 238 tonnes ........... across the Cocos Islands in
2017.

distributed
were distributed
had distributed
have been ddistributed
is distributed

7- According to the World Health Organization Children's health, brain

development and social skills .......... by not taking enough physical exercise.

damage
are being damaged
damaged
were damaged
have damaged

8- 1619 .......... the year of arrival of the first enslaved Africans to the United
States and is one of the most important dates for Africans.

marked
had marked
marks
would have marked
was marking

9- After the Western Roman Empire .......... in 476, and Germanic kingdoms took
its place, the Germanic people .......... Latin as a language more suitable for legal
and other, more formal uses.

falls / adopts
fell / had adopted
had fallen / adopts
fell / adopted
has fallen / adopted

10- By the late Roman Republic, Old Latin .......... into Classical Latin.

had been standardised

standardised
had standardised
will have been standardised
has been standardised

LONDON STREET 54 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

11- Freezing fog .......... when liquid fog droplets ........... to surfaces, forming
white soft or hard rime. This is very common on mountain tops which are
exposed to low clouds.

occured / freezed
has occured / freezed
is occuring / have freezed
have occured / freeze
occurs / freeze

12- The techniques to make mass-produced metal parts made with sufficient
precision to be interchangeable ........... to a program of the U.S. Department of
War which ......... interchangeable parts for firearms in the early 19th century.

is attributed / perfected
attributes / was perfected
is attribuded / had been perfected
has attributed / has perfected
attributed / perfected

13- 20th century developments in plant biochemistry ........... by modern

techniques of organic chemical analysis, such
as spectroscopy, chromatography and electrophoresis.

drove
had driven
drives
have been driven
is being driven

14- In the past week, 3.8 million more people .......... for unemployment benefits
in the US, meaning at least 30 million Americans .......... their jobs since
mid-March.

have filed / lost

filed / have lost
have filed / are losing
had filed / have lost
filed / had lost

15- The USA .......... many cases of women thrown on to the streets since the
lockdown .......... , because of domestic violence, which is tending to increase.

has had / started

had / has started
has / starts
has / had started
is having / has started

LONDON STREET 55 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

16- Amylase, the digestive enzyme that breaks starch down into sugars, ..........
in the salivary glands and in the pancreas.

makes
is made
has made
was being made
has been making

17- Speculation about Kim Jong Un's health began after he .......... the birth
anniversary celebrations of his grandfather Kim Il-sung, who .......... the state on
15 April.

missed / had founded

had missed / founded
has missed / founded
has missed / had founded
missed / has founded

18- Known for her sharp, edgy wit, Wanda Sykes .......... stand-up comedy since
the late 1980s. Over the years she .......... in various film and TV productions.

has done / has been appearing

had done / has appeared
is doing / has appeared
was doing / appeared
has been doing / appeared

19- Florian Schneider and Hütter remained famously enigmatic, but

Hütter ........... The Guardian in 2009 his bandmate .......... in Kraftwerk for many,
many years.

had told / wasn’t involved

told / hasn’t been involved
has told / hadn’t been involved
told /had not been involved
had told / isn’t involved

20- My mother and grandmother .......... to a group destined for concentration

camps, then she and my mother .......... into cattle cars headed to Auschwitz.

assigned / were packed

assigned / packed
had been assigned / packed
were assigned / were packed
were assigned / had been packed

LONDON STREET 56 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

 TEST YOURSELF -5

1- The Nazi spy .......... their neighbor and French tutor for not declaring an
arsenal of hunting guns that the tutor's brother and my grandfather ..........
before the invasion.

had denounced / buried

has denounced / have buried
denounced / had buried
has denounced / had buried
had denounced / have buried

2- While the guard ........... as the train began to move, I .......... , shouting “ Vesile,
jump!”

slept / was leaping

was sleeping / leaped
had been sleping / leaped
has been sleeping / was leaping
had slept / leaped

3- Steven .......... a beloved stuffed turkey when the fearsome thunderstorm of a

German air assault .......... the outbreak of WWII.

had been cooking / had announced

was cooking / had announced
has cooked / had announced
cooked / has announced
was cooking / announced

4- The 75 years since Victory-Europe Day, when the Nazis .......... , .......... enough
to erase the indelible scars.

had surrendered / was not

have surrendered / have not been
surrendered / was not
surrendered / have not been
have surrendered / is not

5- By 1920, Anna Jarvis .......... the heart about Mother’s Day and felt the
commercialism .......... the holiday’s original intentions.

had changed / was corrupting

has changed / had been corrupting
changed / is corrupting
had changed / has been corrupting
has changed / has corrupted

LONDON STREET 57 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

6- The new version of Hababam sınıfı .......... some famous comedy stars, but it
wasn't so funny as we .......... .

stars / have expected

is starring / had expected
starred / have expected
starred / had expected
was starring / expect

7- l .......... so embarrassed in my life. lt .......... me quite a while before l could see

the funny side of the situation.

have never been / was taking

have never been / took
had never been / took
had never been / has taken
have never been / takes

8- Over the last few years, the amount of annual rainfall monsoon forests
receive, .......... unevenly throughout the year, .......... quite high.

has beeen distributed / is

is distributed / has been
has been distributed / has been
distributed / has been
was distributed / was

9- Even the doctor .......... these awful side effects of these pills , As soon as
I .......... one, I felt dizzy.

didn’t mention / had taken

hadn’t mentioned / took
doesn’t mention / take
hasn’t mentioned / am taking
didn’t mention / take

10- Sharon Stone is a former model and actress who .......... for the film Basic
Instinct in the early 1990s, also .......... many awards and acclaim for films like
Casino,The Mighty, and The Muse.

was known / won

is known / has won
has known / has won
knows / won
was known / had won

LONDON STREET 58 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

11- Just as the President .......... the hall, he .......... down; as a result, his speech
had to be delayed for about twenty minutes.

was entering / fell

had entered / fell
entered / had fallen
has entered / has fallen
was entering / had fallen

12- The dentist .......... me know the exact price as soon as he .......... the total
amount of implantation I need.

had let / calculated

is letting / calculates
was letting / calculated
will let / has calculated
let / had calculated

13- By the time he .......... playing basketball in 1989, the legendary basketballer
Kareem Abdul Jabbar ........... around 38,000 points.

had stopped / scored

stopped / had scored
stopped / has scored
stops / will have scored
has stopped / scored

14- lt was obvious from their answers that the two students .......... , so I .......... to
them about this privately in order to warn them.

would cheat / have talked

were going to cheat / talked
were cheating / had talked
have been cheating / had talked
had been cheating / talked

15- My brother .......... from Petrol and Natural Gas Engineering department of
ITU two years ago and he ........... for an oil company in Omman since.

has graduated / works

graduated / had been working
has graduated / has been working
had graduated / was working
graduated / has been working

LONDON STREET 59 İDRİS DEMİRHAN

16- 'The Tragedie of Julius Ceasar', which l .......... while I was in Prague last year.
was the first Shakespeare play l .......... .

was watching / saw

watched / have seen
watched / had seen
had watched / have seen
have watched / had seen

17- Muhammed XI .......... the last sultan of Granada, Spain, after he ..........
Granada to Ferdinand and lsabella of Spain in 1492.

has become / surrendered

had become / surrendered
became / had surrendered
becomes / had surrendered
has become / had surrendered

18- While she .......... her new house, Zehra thought she .......... a genuine Van
Gogh painting in her attic, but actually it was just a valueless copy.

was cleaning / had found

was cleaning / has found
cleaned / was finding
had been cleaning / found
is cleaning / has found

19- Esra .......... as upset by not passing last year’s university exam as her
friends .......... .

hadn’t been / feared

wasn’t / have feared
hasn’t been / fear
wasn’t / had feared
isn’t / had feared

20- I .......... when I heard while in jail that it was my ex-girlfriend who had blown
the whistle on me.

had been disappointed / blew

am disappointed / has blown
have been disappointed / blew
was disappointed / had blown
had been disappointed / had blown

LONDON STREET 60 İDRİS DEMİRHAN