Iqwq Ce1091 VPNDT D7 4562 - 0

WES
ST QUR
RNA I
SE
ECTION 1
CODE A
W
WQI PRO
ODUCED
D WATER
R TREAT
TMENT PROJECT
T (AWQ0109-1)

P.O
O. Numbe
er: P/IQWQ
Q-CE1091--MXXER-D
D7-0001
Vendor: PETRECO INTER

RNATIONA
AL (MIDDLE EAST) LTD
L
Package: GAS FL
LOTATION
N PACKAG
GE & FILTR
RATION PA
ACKAGE
Tag No.:
Equipment/T MAJ681
1158A/B/C
C & 258A/B
B/C, MAJ68
81156A/B & 256A/B,,
MBD68
81151 / MB
BD681251, D7-ABJ6881172, MB
BD681160 & 260
R
RADIOG RPAHIC EXAMIN
NATION PROCED
P DURE
(
(ASME B
B31.3)
IQ
QWQ-CE
E1091-VP
PNDT-D7
7-4562
Vend
dor Doc. No. : P-A
AA003-00
01-QA-92
20-0028

0 15‐0
03‐17 Issued
d Final SREEJITH JOSEPH NITIN SH
HETTY
Issued for R
Review and
B 05‐0
02‐17 SREEJITH JOSEPH NITIN SH
HETTY
Apprroval
Issued for R
Review and
A 24‐1
11‐16 SREEJITH JOSEPH NITIN SH
HETTY
Apprroval
Rev D
Date Descriiption Prep
pared By Checkked By Approve
ed By

Signed By
CP
PE CPECC
(Name & D
Date)

Sr. No Description
1 Radiographic Examination Procedure (INSPEC)
2 Radiographic Examination Procedure (GPTI)

1 Radiographic Examination Procedure (Inspec)

INTERNATIONAL INSPECTION SERVICES LTD
Document No. : INS/PI-1949/ASME/B31.3/RT/001

Rev: 01 Date: 0 22.01.2017 Page: 1 of 22
OPERATION CONTROLS - PROCEDURE
RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
PROCEDURE
Document No. : INS/ PI-1949/ASME/B31.3/RT/001 Rev.: 01 dated 22.01.2017 Page No.: 1 of 22

This document is a property of INSPEC and for use by its authorized personnel only. Use of this Procedure by non-INSPEC
Organizations is by specific agreement. This document is subject for revisions and only the latest revision stands current.
Approved Master Copy of this document is filed and stored under the custody of INSPEC Technical manager. This document
shall not be reproduced without the written consent of INSPEC. Controlled Distribution Copy Holders will receive current
versions
PROCEDURE
REVISION CONTROL
Revision Number
Changes Remarks
& Date
00
New Issue New Edition
10.11.2016
01
Clause 3, 5, 11, 13 Revised As pe the comments.
22.01.2017
Document No. : INS/PI-1949/ASME/B31.3/RT/001 Rev.: 01 dated 22.01.2017 Page No.: 2 of 22

Organizations is by specific agreement. This document is subject for revisions and only the latest revision stands current. Approved
Master Copy of this document is filed and stored under the custody of INSPEC Technical manager. This document shall not be
reproduced without the written consent of INSPEC. Controlled Distribution Copy Holders will receive current versions
PROCEDURE
INDEX
Clause
Description of Content Page Ref.
Ref...
1 Scope 4
2 Reference Documents 4
3 Extent of examination 4
4 Performance Demonstration 5
5 Personnel Qualification 5
6 Test Equipment and materials 5
7 Film Quality 6
8 Surface Condition 7
9 Scattered Radiation 7
10 Radiographic Film Viewing 8
11 Method 8
12 Documentation / Storage of Films 13
13 Acceptance Criteria 14
ANNEXURE
Annexure I - Single Wall Technique 15
Annexure II - Double Wall Technique 16
Annexure III - Acceptance Criteria 18
Annexure IV - Sample Report Format 21

PROCEDURE
1. Scope:
1.1 This Non-destructive Examination Procedure details the minimum requirements for conducting
Radiographic Examination of full penetration butt-welds in piping and associated components made of
Carbon steels, Stainless Steel up to 90mm wall thickness using either X-Ray or Gamma Ray as radiation
source whenever such type of examination is deemed necessary by applicable codes.
1.2 Typical types of discontinuities that can be detected by this method are cracks, incomplete fusion,
incomplete penetration, misalignment, overlap, porosity, root-concavity, undercut, burn-through,
excessive/ inadequate reinforcement, inclusions, etc.
2 Reference Documents:
2.1 The following documents are referred:
2.1.1 ASME B 31.3: Process Piping. Ed: 2014

2.1.2 ASME Section V Ed: 2015
2.1.3 ASNT SNT TC 1A Ed: 2006.
2.1.4 INSPEC Written Practice INS/SNT/WP/001 Rev. 00.
2.1.5 IQWQ-FT-RSPDS-00-290302-1
3 Extent of Examination:
3.1 The extent of examination shall be as per the Table 3 of the project specification.
a) 5% of all SWs and seal-welding piping shall be RT inspected for the purpose of checking fit up
gap.
b) As part of the minimum radiographic requirements at least one weld for each weld procedure and
position of weld made by each welder shall be examined. A record shall be kept of the quality and
extent of each examination performed for each welders work progressively throughout the entire
job. Summary reports shall be submitted to the company.
3.2 Relevant INSPEC personnel are required to be aware of the requirements of this Procedure and suitably
qualified and, certified by INSPEC for implementation. (Refer 2.1.5).
3.3 When used by non-INSPEC Organizations, the necessary agreements will need to be effected with
INSPEC and a reference to this Procedure shall be made appropriately by the Organizations.
3.4 In general, demonstration of the density and IQI image requirements of the procedure on production or
technique radiographs shall be considered as satisfactory compliance with the procedure. However,
whenever required or asked by client, a technique sheet with all the parameters mentioned therein shall
be attached to the procedure or a reference to the technique shall be made.

PROCEDURE
3.5 Any revision to this Procedure will as a minimum require review and acceptance by the Appointed NDT
Level III and approval by INSPEC.
3.6 Users of this Procedure shall verify the applicability with respect to requirements.
4 Performance demonstration:
4.1 When required by referencing Code Section or per Client requirements, performance demonstration shall
be carried out and documented as report with the variables used. Copies of such reports shall be
maintained by INSPEC.
5 Personnel Qualification:
5.1. All INSPEC personnel performing Radiographic Examination using this Procedure shall be qualified to
a minimum of Level II in accordance with INSPEC written practice in compliance with ASNT SNT
TC-1A. (Refer 2.1.5). RT operators and interpreters competency certificates shall be submitted for
review prior to commencement of the work.
5.2. Interpretation and evaluation of radiographs shall be done by only Level II certified personnel in
radiography with sufficient experience.
5.3. Personnel performing Examination shall have vision, with correction if necessary, to enable to read
Jaeger Type No. 2 Standard Chart at a distance of not less than 300mm and differentiate the contrast
between the colors or shades of gray, and records of such vision test shall be maintained by INSPEC.
5.4. Personnel conducting Radiographic Examination shall be competent in conducting the testing as
described in this Procedure.
5.5. Where required by a specific Code, existing Personnel Qualification shall be verified for applicability as
to the Code conditions.
5.6. Personnel conducting Radiographic Examination should be aware of the safe-practice requirements
during examination. Radiography personnel shall be "classified" and operate in conjunction with the
INSPEC Radiation Safety Manual. All personnel shall adhere to each Client’s specific safety
requirements and ensure scaffolding, lighting and access is sufficient to perform the work in a safe
manner.
6. Test Equipment and materials:
6.1. Equipment:- The equipment utilized by INSPEC is Gamma-ray Remote Control projector containing
Iridium-192 Radioactive Isotope or Selenium-75 Gamma Ray source or X-ray machine up to 300kV.
NOTE: Selection of actual source type is depended on material & thickness, sensitivity requirments etc.
As a general guide for Gamma Ray, Se-75 source can be used for steel thicknesses 6mm and below,
whereas for higher thicknesses Ir-192 can be used. However, the radiation energy employed for any
radiographic technique shall achieve the density and IQI image requirements of Article-2 of ASME sec

PROCEDURE
V.
6.2. Source Size:- Maximum source size that will be utilized shall be less than the dimensions indicated
below
Active sizes (Dia x h) mm – 3.0 x 3.0 Diagonal (active part) mm – 4.2
Note: Verification of Source Size. The equipment manufacturer’s or supplier’s certification statement,
technical manuals, decay curves, or written statements documenting the actual or maximum source
size or focal spot, shall be acceptable for source size verification.
6.3. Film selection:- Radiographs shall be made using industrial radiographic film. AGFA-D4 / KODAK-
MX 125/FUJI IX 50 and AGFA-D7 / KODAK-AA400/FUJI IX 100 may be used (Table 6-1). Prior to
purchase and during storage at site the film will be stored by the supplier in a temperature controlled
building to ensure the quality of film supplied. After exposure, radiographs shall be kept together with
log sheets and marked up drawings submitted to client for storage. The package shall allow for at least
three years shelf life.
Table 6-1
Type Speed Contrast Graininess Example

1 Slow Very Very Fine AGFA D4 (165) / KODAK MX
High 125/FUJI IX 50
2 Medium High Fine AGFA D7 (40) /KODAK AA
400/FUJI IX 100
Screens: - Lead intensifying screens shall be utilized and shall be of good quality to prevent screen
marks on film and be of 0.125 mm thick placed at both the front and back of the film inside the
cassette.
7. Film Quality
7.1. Film Processing:-All films shall be processed in accordance with ASTM SE-999 or paragraphs 23
through 26 of standard guide for Radiographic examination SE-94 and or manufacturers
recommendations, with careful attention given to time, temperature and chemical mixtures to ensure
radiograph is free from darkroom induced defects i.e. light fogging. Adequate washing is required to
achieve conditions for maximum storage life.
7.2. Film Handling:- Film shall be handled in such a manner that the emulsion is not damaged and
fingerprints or other marks are not caused on the film, before, during and after processing.
7.3. Quality:- All radiographs shall be free of the following defects that may interfere with the satisfactory
interpretation of the weld image.

PROCEDURE
a) Mechanical damage such as scratches, static tears crimp pressure or similar handling marks.
b) Chemical interference due to fogging, processing marks, stains or the like.
c) Radiographic defects caused by dirty or damaged screens or poor screen contact.
7.4 Interpretation: -Only qualified personnel having valid Level II certificate in Radiography as well as
sufficient practical experience in interpretation and evaluation of radiographs shall interpret
radiographs, such interpretation shall be in accordance with the appropriate applicable specification as
advised by client in writing.
7.5 Viewing Conditions: - Radiographs shall be viewed in subdued background lighting. The viewer shall
have sufficient intensity to view areas of interest on the radiograph with an even diffused light to the
maximum density required and any extraneous areas of illumination shall be masked to avoid glare or
distraction. During viewing film will be handled by the edges to avoid finger marks on the films and
they will be kept in folders to avoid scratches.
7.6 Densitometer:- Calibrated densitometer shall be used calibration shall be performed as per Article 2,
T-262.1 of Sec V on NIST calibrated step tablet or the step wedge film having at least five steps with
neutral densities from at least 1.0 thru 4.0, traceable to National Standards. Such calibration shall be
performed at least every 90 days during use and documented, but the actual readings for each step do
not have to be recorded. Periodic calibration check shall be performed at the beginning of each shift,
after 8 hr of continuous use, or after change of apertures, whichever comes first. The densitometer
shall be acceptable if the readings are within ±0.05 of the calibration readings determined. Periodic
check need not be documented.
8 Surface Condition
8.1 Weld to be examined shall be free of irregularities such as weld ripples, spatter, grinding or chipping
marks or other irregularities, which may mask successful interpretation of the radiographs.
9 Scattered Radiation
When performing radiography near to the ground or close to other structures scattered radiation may cause a
reduction in film quality, thus a lead symbol "B" of min. size 1/2" H x 1/16" THK shall be attached to the
back of the film cassette if the white symbol "B" is evident then adequate precautions should be taken by
shielding the cassette with lead sheets. Dark symbol "B" image shall be disregarded, as long as the image
does not mask any indications of weld imperfections.

PROCEDURE
10 Radiographic Film Viewing & Location Markers
10.1 Single Wall Viewing

a. Source Side Markers: Location markers shall be placed on the source side when doing radiography
of the following:
1. Flat components or longitudinal joints in cylindrical or conical components.
2. Curved or spherical components whose concave side is toward the source and when the
“source-to-material” distance is less than the inside radius of the component.
3. Curved or spherical components whose convex side is toward the source.
b. Film Side Markers: Location markers shall be placed on the film side when performing radiographs
either curved or spherical components whose concave side is toward the source and when the
“source-to-material” distance is greater than the inside radius.
As an alternative to source side placement in 10.1a Location markers may be placed on the film side
when the radiograph shows coverage beyond the location markers to the extent demonstrated, and
when this alternate is documented.
c. Either Side Markers: - Location markers may be placed on either the source side or film side,
when radio graphing either curved or spherical components whose concave side is toward the
source and the “source-to-material” distance equals the inside radius of the component.
10.2 Double-wall viewing: - For double-wall viewing, at least one location marker shall be placed on
the source side surface adjacent to the weld (or on the material in the area of interest) for each
radiograph.
10.3 Radiographic Technique: - A single wall exposure technique shall be used whenever practical. When
it is not possible to use single wall technique a double wall technique shall be used. However adequate
number of exposures shall be made to demonstrate that the required coverage has been obtained.
Welds in pipe dia 2” below, radiography shall be performed by elliptical projection technique. At
least two separate exposures shall be required at locations 90 degreess apart.
11. Method
11.1 Procedure Qualification and approval:- Whenever specified by project specification, activities
performing NDT shall develop and maintain a written procedure for each radiographic technique &
Certification statement shall be part of this written procedure and signed by the cognizant examiner.
See attached radiography technique sheet. This procedure is to be performed only before start of any
project.
11.2 Identification of Radiographs:- Subject to no other client’s requirements the following information
shall appear on the radiograph:

PROCEDURE
a) Client’s symbol / Name

b) Drawing / Line No
c) Pipe Size
d) Weld No
e) Welders No
f) Job No
g) Date
h) Repair Reference e.g. R1,R2 or Rw
i) Location Marker
11.2.1. Each weld shall have a unique identification reference marked in such a manner to permit the
case of identification of individual welds and areas of defects within the weld.
11.2.2 Lead location markers shall be used with approximate height of 6mm and 1.5 mm thick forming
part of a metric number tape marked clearly in intervals covering the whole circumference of the
weld.
a) over 88.9mm O/D to 508mm O/D = every 50mm
b) over 508mm O/D = every 100mm
11.3 Density:- The film density is the degree of blackening and shall be checked using a calibrated
densitometer
D = Log (Io/It)
Where D = Density
Io = Light intensity incident on film
It = Light intensity transmitted through the film
The density shall be 1.8 to 4.0 for single film viewing for Radiographs made with X-Ray source and
2.0 to 4.0 for Radiographs made with Gamma Ray source in the area being examined for acceptance
For composite viewing of multiple film exposures, each film of the composite set shall have a
minimum density of 1.3. The maximum density shall be 4.0 for either single or composite viewing. A
tolerance of 0.05 in density is allowed for variations between densitometer readings. In any case
variations shall not be -15% or +30% of the required density through the area of interest. However if
the density of the radiograph any where through the area of interest varies by more than minus 15% or
plus 30% from density through the body of hole penetrameter or adjacent to designated wire of wire

PROCEDURE
type penetrameter within the min / max allowable density range, then an additional penetrameter shall
be used for each exceptional area or areas and the radiographs retaken. When calculating the allowable
variation in density, the calculation may be rounded to the nearest 0.1 within the range specified.
Note: Equivalent sensitivity shall be calculated as per ASTM E-94 Appendix XI and ASTM E-747.
11.5 Image Quality Indicators:- ASTM IQI Wire type shall be as per SE 747.
SET A SET B SET C SET D
Wire Dia Wire Dia Wire Dia Wire Dia

Inch (mm) / Wire No Inch (mm) / Wire No Inch (mm) / Wire No Inch (mm) / Wire No
0.0032 (0.08) / 1 0.010 (0.25) / 6 0.032 (0.81) / 11 0.100 (2.54) / 16
0.004 (0.10) / 2 0.013(0.33 ) / 7 0.040 (1.02) / 12 0.126 (3.20) / 17
0.005 (0.13) / 3 0.016 (0.41) / 8 0.050 (1.27) / 13 0.160 (4.06) / 18
0.0063 (0.16) / 4 0.020 (0.51) / 9 0.063 (1..60) / 14 0.200 (5.08) / 19
0.008 (0.20) / 5 0.025 (0.64) /10 0.080 (2.03) / 15 0.250 (6.35) / 20
0.010 (0.25) / 6 0.032 (0.81) / 11 0.100 (2.54) / 16 0.320 (8.13) / 21
11.6 Placement of I.Q.I:- Placement of penetrameter shall be in accordance to the following table II.
TABLE II. Penetrameter place for welds.
Weld length Minimum
Configuration
(mm) no. of IQI Penetrameter placement
Welds in curved At the center of the area of interest
surfaces less than 127 and less 1
609.6mm in diameter
(on one film) Greater than 2 One at the extremity and one at the
127 center of the area of interest/or two at
the extremity.

PROCEDURE
Welds in flat surfaces

and curved surfaces Less than 254 1 At the center of the area of interest.
609.6mm and greater
diameter (includes
longitudinal welds in 254 up to and 2 One placed at each extremity of the area
pipes and pressure including 432 of interest.
vessels)
(on one film)
Greater than 3 One placed at each extremity and one at
432 the center of the area of interest.
Essential circular (non- Unlimited Approximately 180 degrees apart at the
cylindrical welds on 2 extremity of the area being inspected.
one film)
Cylindrical welds
radiographed Unlimited 4 One in each quadrant
simultaneously using a
series of film or a
single length of roll
film (panoramic
exposure)
Repairs in cylindrical
welds initially Unlimited 1 One in each affected quadrant provided
radiographed using the technique used is the same as the
panoramic exposure initial radiography.
technique
Note-1: For techniques refer Annexure I & II
Note-2: Placement of Penetrameters

a. Source Side Penetrameter(s). : The penetrameter(s) shall be placed on the source side of the part being
examined, except for the condition described in (b).
When configuration or size prevents placing the penetrameter(s) on the part or weld, the
penetrameter(s) may be placed on a separate block. Separate blocks shall be made of the same or
radiographically similar materials and may be used to facilitate penetrameter positioning. There is no
restriction on the separate block thickness, provided the penetrameters are of density tolerance
requirements.

PROCEDURE
1. The penetrameter on the source side of the separate block shall be placed no closer to the
film than the source side of the part being radiographed.
2. The separate block shall be placed as close as possible to the part being radiographed.
3. The block dimensions shall exceed the penetrameter dimensions such that the outline of at
least three sides of the penetrameter image shall be visible on the radiograph.
b. Film side penetrameter(s). Where inaccessibility prevents hand placing, the penetrameter(s) shall be
placed on the film side in contact with the part being examined. A lead letter “F”, at least as high as the
penetrameter identification number(s), shall be placed adjacent to or on the penetrameter(s), but shall
not mask the essential hole where hole penetrameters are used.
11.7 IQI SELECTION:

Penetrameter (Essential wire)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nominal Source Side Film Side
Single-Wall ---------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Material Thickness Wire Type Wire Type
Range, mm. Essential wire Essential wire
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Up to 6.4, include. 5 4
Over 6.4 through 9.5 6 5
Over 12.7 through 19 8 7
Over 19 through 25.4 9 8
Over 38.1 through 50.8 11 10
Over 50.8 through 63.5 12 11
Over 63.5 through 101.6 13 12
Over 101.6 through 152.4 14 13
Note: In reinforced branch connections sensitivity shall be based upon pipe wall thickness + reinforced
pad thickness.
11.8 Geometrical Unsharpness:-Geometric unsharpness of the radiograph shall be determined in

accordance with the formula below.
Ug = F x d
D

PROCEDURE
Where
Ug = geometric unsharpness
F = source size: the maximum projected dimension of the effective focal spot.
D = distance from source of radiation to weld or object being radigraphed, mm.
d = distance from source side of weld or object being radiographed to the film, mm.
Note : Refer to Standard Guide for Radiographic Testing SE-94 for a method of determining
geometric unsharpness. Alternatively a nomograph as shown in standard guide for radiographic
testing SE-94 may be used.
11.6.1 Geometric Unsharpness Limitations:-
The following table outlines geometric un-sharpness values as described in ASME Sec V.
Material Ug
Thickness (mm) Maximum (mm)
Under 50 0.51
50 through 75 0.76
Over 75 through 100 1.02
Greater than 100 1.78
However, according to ASME Sec VIII, Div 1 & 2, the geometric un-sharpness values in the
above table are to be used only as a guide. Final acceptance of the Radiographs shall be based on
the ability to see the prescribed penetrameter image and the specified hole or the designated wire
of a wire penetrameter.
Note: Material thickness is the thickness on which the penetrameter is based.
11.9 Diagnostic Film Length: - Consideration will be given to each exposure ensuring the thickness of the
material penetrated at the extremities of the readable area of interest which is measured in the direction
of the incident beam at that point, does not exceed 10% of the thickness being examined.
12. Documentation / Storage of Films:
12.1 Report: - Radiography reports shall contain the following as a minimum
(a) Client (m) screen type & thickness

(b) Project (n) IQI identity & type
(c) Job Number (o) film manufacture / type
(d) Report Number (p) Radiographic technique

PROCEDURE
(e) Date of Test (q) Radiographic sensitivity

(f) Test location (r) No. of exposure / No. of film/cassette
(g) Material / Dimension and Thickness (s) source size or focal spot/Isotope type/X-ray voltage
(h) Drawing Number (t) Radiographic density
(i) Weld Number / Welder Number (u) Acceptance criteria
(j) Minimum source to object distance (v) Technician name / signature
(k) Distance from Source side of object (w) Evaluation / Disposition
to the film at the minimum source to object distance
(l) Base material Type, thickness, weld thickness, weld reinforcement
12.2 Film storage:- Radiographs shall be stored after acceptance of the Client as per line or drawing
number sequences for easy traceability whenever the need arises, and shall be archieved for the
period or handed over to client as advised by client.
13. Acceptance Criteria
13.1 Refer annexure –III for acceptance / rejection criteria in accordance with ASME B 31.3.
Note: When cracks are removed from the weld, the entire weld shall be removed if more than one
quarter of its circumference (cummilative) is involved.

PROCEDURE
Annexure-I
SINGLE WALL RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES
Pipe Exposure Radiograph Source-Weld-Film Arrangement IQI Penetrameter Location

O. D. Technique Viewing Marker
Placement
End View Side View Selection Placement
Film
T-276 Source Side Either Side

And Table T-277.1(a) T-275.3
T-276 T-275.1(c )
Single-Wall : Single –wall
T-271.1
Any
Film Side T-
Exposure Arrangement - A 277.1 (b)
Single-Wall : Single –wall T-276 Source Side Film Side

T-271.1 And Table T-277.1(a) T-275.1
T-276 (b) (1)
Any
Film
Film Side
Exposure Arrangement - B
T-277.1 (b)
Single-Wall : Single –wall T-276 Source Side Source Side

T-271.1 And Table T-277.1(a) T-275.1
T-276 (a) (3)
Any
Film Side T-
Film 277.1 (b)
Exposure Arrangement - C

PROCEDURE
Annexure-II
DOUBLE – WALL RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES

Placement
Optional
Double-Wall : Single –wall Source T-276 Source Side Either Side
T-271.2 Location And Table T-277.1(a) T-275.1
(a) T-276 (b) (1)
At Least 3
Exposures
Any 120° To Each
Other For
Complete
Coverage
Film
Side
T-277.1(b)
Film
Exposure Arrangement - D
Optional
Double-Wall : Single- wall Source T-276 Source Side Either Side
T-271.2 Location And Table T-277.1(a) T-275.1
Any (a) T-276 (b) (1)
At Least 3
Exposures
120° To Each
Other For
Complete
Coverage
Film
Side
T-277.1(b)
Film
Exposure Arrangement - E

PROCEDURE
Annexure-II
DOUBLE – WALL RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES

Placement
31/2″ Double- Double-Wall Source T-276 Source Side Either side

(88mm) Wall : (Ellipse): And Table T-277.1(b) T 275.2
or less T-271.2 Read Offset T-276
(b) (1) Source Side
At Least 2 And Film Side
Exposures Images
At 90° To
Each Other
For
Complete
Coverage
Film
Exposure Arrangement - F
Source
31/2″ Double- Double-Wall : T-276 Source Side Either Side
(88mm) Wall : Read Super- And Table T-277.1(b) T-275.2
or less T-271.2 Imposed
(B) (2) Source Side T-276
At Least 3 And Film Side
Exposures Images
At 60° Or
120° To
Each Other
For F
Complete
Coverage
Film
Exposure Arrangement - G

PROCEDURE
Annexure-III
RT ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

PROCEDURE

PROCEDURE

PROCEDURE
Annexure-IV Sample Report Format

PROCEDURE

2 Radiographic Examination Procedure (GPTI)

RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING PROCEDURE
DOCUMENT NO.: 1949/GPTI/RT/001
Date
GPTI-1909-RT-001 Rev.1 Page 1 of 23

REVISION CONTROL
1 19.01.2017 Comments Attended

0 21.11.2016 Initial Issue
Rev No. Date Changes Remarks
GPTI- 1949-RT-001, Rev-1 Page 2 of 23
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
1. Scope
2. Reference Documents
3. Procedure Demonstration
4. Personnel Qualification
5. Test Equipment and materials
6. Film Quality
7. Surface Condition
8. Scattered Radiation
9. Radiographic Film Viewing
10. Method
11. Documentation / Storage of Films
12. Acceptance Criteria
MANDATORY ANNEXURE
Annexure I- Single Wall Technique
Annexure II - Double Wall Technique
Annexure III-RT Acceptance criteria
Table 3: RT Requirements for Piping Systems
NON-MANDATORY ANNEXURE
Annexure IV- Sample Report Format

1.0 Scope:
1.1 This Radiography Examination Procedure shall require for all piping and
tubing, including onshore production, offshore production, upstream
processing, terminals, and other processing facilities fabricated to ASME
B31.3.
1.2 Minimum required percentage of RT of all piping systems shall be in

accordance with table 3 of the project specification IQWQ-FT-RSPDS-00-
290302.
1.3 RT shall be repeated after PWHT, if any.
1.4 Typical types of discontinuities that can be detected by this method are
cracks, incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration, misalignment, overlap,
porosity, root-concavity, undercut, burn-through, excessive/ inadequate
reinforcement, inclusions, etc.
1.5 Radiograph of welds DN 50 mm (NPS 2 in.) and smaller piping may be

performed by the elliptical projection technique. At least two separate
exposures shall be required at locations 90 degrees apart.
1.6 Minimum required percentage of RT of all piping systems shall be in

accordance with Table 3. The client reserves the right to select specific
welds for inclusion into the minimum percentages shown.
1.7 Five percent of all SWs and seal-welded piping shall be RT inspected for
the purpose of checking fit-up gap.
1.8 As part of the minimum radiographic requirements, at least one weld for
each weld procedure and position of weld made by each welder shall be
examined. A record shall be kept of the quality and extent of each
examination performed for each welder's work progressively throughout the
entire job. Summary reports shall be submitted to client.
2.0 Reference Documents;

2.1 The following documents are referred:
2.1.1 ASME Section V Ed. 2015
2.1.2 ASME B31.3
2.1.3 ASNT SNT TC 1A 2001 & 2006 Edition
2.1.4 Project Spec: IQWQ-FT-RSPDS-00-290302,REV-1, Dated 6th May,2013

3.0 Procedure Demonstration
This Procedure is a General NDE document for reference and use by authorized
GPTI personnel applicable for the purpose identified in the Scope and essentially
addressing the requirements of ASME Section V
3.1 Relevant GPTI personnel are required to be aware of the requirements of

this Procedure and suitably qualified and, certified by GPTI for
implementation.
3.2 When used by non GPTI Organizations, the necessary agreements will
need to be effected with GPTI and a reference to this Procedure shall be
made appropriately by the Organizations.
3.3 Demonstration of the density and IQI image requirements of the written
procedure on production or technique radiographs shall be considered as
satisfactory compliance with the procedure. However, whenever required
or asked by client, a technique sheet with all the parameters mentioned
therein shall be attached to the procedure or a reference to the technique
shall be made.
3.4 This Procedure contains Mandatory and Non-mandatory Annexure, Any

revision to this Procedure orMandatory Annexure will require revision and
re-issue of this Procedure.
3.5 Any revision to this Procedure will as a minimum require review and
acceptance by the Appointed NDT Level Ill and approval by GPTI.
3.6 Users of this Procedure shall verify the applicability with respect to
requirements.
3.7 The Company approved Level III NDT Engineer shall continuously monitor
the performance of NDE Personnel certified to ASNT Level II and shall take
corrective measures whenever the performance of ASNT Level II
technicians is not satisfactory.
4.0 Personnel Qualification:
4.1 All personnel performing Radiographic Examination using this Procedure

shall be qualified to a minimum of Level ll in accordance with GPTI written
practice GPTI-NDT-WP-001 Rev-2. Or ASNT SNT-TC-1A
4.2 Interpretation and evaluation of radiographs shall be done by only

Level II certified personnel in radiography with sufficient experience.

4.3 Personnel performing Examination shall have vision, with correction if
necessary, to enable to read Jaeger Type No. 2 Standard Chart at a distance
of not less than 300mm and differentiate the contrast between the shades of
gray and records of such vision test shall be maintained by QICL.
4.4 Personnel conducting Radiographic Examination shall be competent in
conducting the testing as described in this Procedure.
4.5 Where required by a specific Code, existing Personnel Qualification shall be

verified for applicability as to the Code conditions.
4.6 Personnel conducting Radiographic Examination should be aware of the safe-

practice requirements during examination. Radiography personnel shall be
"classified" and operate in conjunction with the GPTI Radiation Safety Manual.
All personnel shall adhere to each Client’s specific safety requirements and
ensure scaffolding, lighting and access is sufficient to perform the work in a
safe manner. Prior to commencement of work all the radiographers and
Radiographic Film Interpreters certifications to be submitted for review.
5.0 Test Equipment and materials:
5.1 Equipment: - The equipment utilized by GPTI is Gamma-ray Remote Control

Delta 880 projector containing lridium-l92 Radioactive Isotope (80 curie max
source strength) / 300 kV Directional X-ray machine. The radiation energy
employed for any radiographic technique shall achieve the density and IQI
image requirements of Article-2 of ASME sec V.
5.2 Source Size: - Maximum source size that will be utilized shall be less than the
dimensions indicated below
Active sizes (Dia x h) mm - 3.0 x 3.0 Diagonal (active part) mm - 4.2
Note:
01. Verification of Source Size. The equipment manufacturer's or supplier's
certification statement, technical manuals, decay curves, or written statements
documenting the actual or maximum source size or focal spot, shall be
acceptable for source size verification.
Film selection: -
All radiographic film shall be at least grade Type 1 or 2.
Screens: -
Fluorescent intensifying screens shall not be used.

Lead intensifying screens shall be utilized and shall be of good quality to Prevent screen
marks on film and be of 0.125 mm thick placed at both the front and back of the film
inside the cassette.
6.0 Film Quality
6.1 Film Processing:.- All films shall be processed in accordance with ASTM SE-
999 or paragraphs 23 through 26 of standard guide for Radiographic
examination SE-94 and or manufacturer’s recommendations. With careful
attention given to time, temperature and chemical mixtures to ensure
radiograph is free from darkroom induced defects i.e. light fogging. Adequate
washing is required to achieve conditions for maximum storage life.
6.2 Film Handling:- Film shall be handled in such a manner that the
emulsion is not damaged and fingerprints or other marks are not caused on
the film, before, during and after processing.
6.3 Quality: - All radiographs shall be free of the following defects that may
interfere with the satisfactory interpretation of the weld image.
a) Mechanical damage such as scratches, static tears crimp pressure or

similar handling marks.
b) Chemical interference due to fogging, processing marks, stains or the
like.
c) Radiographic defects caused by dirty or damaged screens or poor
screen contact.
6.4 Interpretation: - Only qualified personnel having valid Level Il certificate in

Radiography as well as sufficient practical experience in interpretation and
evaluation of radiographs shall interpret radiographs, such interpretation
shall be in accordance with the appropriate applicable specification as advised
by client in writing.
6.5 Viewing Condition: - Radiographs shall be viewed in subdued background

lighting. The viewer shall have sufficient intensity to view areas of interest on
the radiograph with an even diffused light to the maximum density required
and any extraneous areas of illumination shall be masked to avoid glare or
distraction. During viewing film will be handled by the edges to avoid finger
marks on the films and they will be kept in folders to avoid scratches.
Densitometer - Calibrated densitometer shall be used for density

measurement of Radiographs. Calibration of densitometers shall be
performed as per Article 2, T-262.1 of Sec V on national standard
calibrated step tablet or the step wedge film having at least five steps with
neutral densities from at least 1.0 thru 4.0, traceable to National
Standards. The density steps closest to 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 on the
national standard step tablet or step wedge calibration film shall be
read during calibration. Such calibration shall be performed at least every
90 days during use and documented, but the actual readings for each step
do not have to be recorded. Periodic calibration check shall be performed
at the beginning of each shift, after 8 hr of continuous use, or after change
of apertures, whichever comes first. The densitometer shall be acceptable
I
if the readings are within ±0.05 of the Calibration readings determined,
Periodic check need not be documented.
7 Surface Condition
Weld to be examined shall be free of irregularities such as weld ripples, spatter,

grinding or chipping marks or other irregularities, which may mask successful
interpretation of the radiographs.
8 Scatter Radiation
When performing radiography near to the ground or close to other structures

scattered radiation may cause a reduction in film quality, thus a lead symbol "B" of
min. size 1/2" H x 1/16" THK shall be attached to the back of the film cassette if
the white symbol "B” is evident then it indicates presence of backscatter and the
job shall be reshot .During reshot, adequate precautions should be taken by
shielding the cassette with lead sheets. Dark symbol "B" image shall be
disregarded, as long as the image does not mask any indications of weld
imperfections.
9 Radiographic Film Viewing& Location Markers:
Location markers, which need to appear as radiographic images on the processed

radiograph, shall be placed on the part and not on the exposure holder or
cassette. Their locations shall be permanently marked on the surface of the part
being radiographed or on a map clearly indicating the area of interest such that
the required portions of the weld/ part can be accurately traceable for the retention
period of the radiograph, Evidence shall also be .provided on the radiograph
that the required coverage of the location under examination has been
obtained. Placement of location markers shall be as per the following:
9.1 Single Wall Viewing:
a. Source Side Markers: Location markers shall be placed on the source
side when doing radiography of the following:
1. Flat components or longitudinal joints in cylindrical or conical
components.
2. Curved or spherical components whose concave side is toward
the source and when the “source-to-material" distance is less
than the inside radius of the component.
3. Curved or spherical components whose convex side is toward
the source.
b. Film Side Markers: Location markers shall be placed on the film side
when performing radiographs either curved or spherical components
whose concave side is toward the source and when the "source-to-
material" distance is greater than the inside radius.
As an alternative to source side placement in 9.la Location markers
may be placed on the film side when the radiograph shows coverage
beyond the location markers to the extent demonstrated, and when this
alternate is documented.
c. Either Side Markers:-Location markers may be placed on either the

source side or film side, when radio graphing either curved or spherical
components whose concave side is toward the source and the “source-
to-material" distance equals the inside radius of the component.
9.2 Double-wall viewing: - For double-wall viewing, at least one location marker
shall be placed on the source side surface adjacent to the weld (or on the
material in the area of interest) for each radiograph.
9.1 Radiographic Technique: - A single wall exposure technique shall be used

whenever practical. When it is not possible to use single wall technique a
double wall technique shall be used. However adequate number of exposures
shall be made to demonstrate that the required coverage has been obtained.
Welds pipe dia 2” below, Radiography shall be performed by elliptical
projection technique. At least two separate exposures shall be required at
location 90 degree apart.
10 Method
10.1 Procedure Qualification and approvals: - Whenever specified by project

specification, activities performing NDT shall develop and maintain a written
procedure for each radiographic technique & Certification statement shall be
part of this written procedure and signed by the cognizant examiner. This
procedure is to be performed only before start of any project.
10.2 Identification of Radiographer: - Subject to no other client's requirements

the following information shall appear on the radiograph:
a) Client's Name
b) Pipe Size
c) Weld No
d) Welders No
e) Job No
f) Date
g) Repair Reference e.g. R1, R2 or RW
h) Location Marker

10.2.1 Each weld shall have a unique identification reference marked in
such a manner to permit the case of identification of individual welds
and areas of defects within the weld.
10.2.2 Lead location markers shall be used with approximate height of

6mm and 1.5 mm thick forming part of a metric number tape marked
clearly in intervals covering the whole circumference of the weld.
a) Over 88.9mm O/D to 508mm O/D = every 50mm
b) Over 508mm O/D = every 100 mm
10.3 Density :- The film density is the degree of blackening and shall
be checked using a calibrated Densitometer.
D=Log (lo/It)
Where D = Density
Io = Light intensity incident on film
It = Light intensity transmitted through the film
The density shall be 1.8 to 3.5 for single film viewing for Radiographs made with X-Ray
source and 2.0 to 3.5 for Radiographs made with Gamma Ray source in the area being
examined for acceptance.
For composite viewing of multiple film exposures, each film of the composite set shall
have a minimum density of 1.3. The maximum density shall be 4.0 if adequate viewing
and satisfaction interpretation of higher density film are permitted by the client
requirements a tolerance of 0.05 in density is allowed for variations between
densitometer readings. In any case variations shall not be -15% or +30% of the required
density through the area of interest. However if the density of the radiograph any where
through the area of interest varies by more than minus 15% or plus 30% from density
through the body of hole IQI or adjacent to designated wire of wire type IQI within the
min / max allowable density range, then an additional IQI shall be used for each
exceptional area or areas and the radiographs retaken. When calculating the allowable
variation in density, the calculation may be rounded to the nearest 0.1 within the range
specified.
10.4 Sensitivity: -
a. All radiographs shall comply with the sensitivity requirements of ASME SEC V.
b. Wire-type IQI equal to those meeting ASTM E 747, DIN 54109, JSA Z 3104, or
International Institute of Welding (IIW) requirements may be substituted for the
ASME SEC V IQI, provided that the equivalent sensitivity obtained with ASME IQI
is met.
c. Equivalent sensitivity shall be calculated per ASTM E 94Appendix X1 and ASTM
E 747.
d. The wire-type IQI shall be placed across the weld.

Image Quality Indicators: - ASTM IQI Wire type shall be as per SE 747.
SET A SET B SET C SET D
Wire Dia Wire Dia Wire Dia Wire Dia

Inch(mm)I Wire No Inch (mm)/ Wire No Inch (mm) / Wire No Inch (mm) I Wire No
0.0032 (0.08) /1 0.010(0.25)/6 0.032(0.81)/11 0.100(2.54)/16
0.004 (0.10)I2 0.013(0.33)/7 0.040(1.02)/12 0.126(3.20)/17

0.005 (0.13)/3 0.016(0.41) /8 0.050(1.27) /13 0.160(4.06)/18
0.0063(0.16) I4 0.020(0.51)/9 0.063(1..60)/14 0.200(S.08)I19
0.008 (0.20)I5 0.025(0.64)/10 0.080(2.03) /15 0.250(6.35)I20
0.010 (0.25)/6 0.032(0.81) /11 0.100(2.54) /16 0.320 (8.13)/21
10.5 Placement of IQI: - Placement of IQI shall be in accordance to the

following table II
TABLEII. IQI place for welds.

Configuration Weld Length (mm) Minimum no. IQI placement
of IQI
Welds in curved surfaces 127 and less 1 Across the weld.

lessthan609.6mmin
diameter Greater than 127 2 One at the extremity and one at
(on one film) the center of the area of interest/or
two at the extremity.
Welds in flat surfaces
and curved surfaces Less than 254 1 Across the weld.
609.6mm
and greater diameter One placed at each extremity of
(includes longitudinal 254 up to and 2 the area of interest.
welds in pipes and including 432
pressure vessels) One placed at each extremity of
(on one film) Greater than 3 the area of interest.
432
Essential circular (non- Unlimited 2 Approximately 180 degrees apart
cylindrical welds on one at the extremity of the area being
film) inspected.
Cylindrical welds Minimum three IQI is at 120° apart
radiographed Unlimited 3 around circumference.
simultaneously using a
series of film or a single
length of roll film
(panoramic exposure)
Repairs in cylindrical One in each repaired area or
welds initially Unlimited 1 minimum three IQI is at 120° apart
radiographed using around circumference provided
panoramic exposure the technique used is the same as
technique the initial radiography.

Note-1: For techniques refer Annexure I & II
Note-2: Placement of IQIs
a. Source Side IQI: - The IQI shall be placed on the source side of the part being
examined, except for the condition described in (b) when configuration or
size prevents placing the IQI(s) on the part or weld, the IQI(s) may be
placed on a separate block. Separate blocks shall be made of the same or
radiographically similar materials and may be used to facilitate IQI positioning.
There is no restriction on the separate block thickness, provided the IQI are of
density tolerance requirements.
1. The IQI on the source side of the separate block shall be placed no closer
to the film than the source side of the part being radiographed,
2. The separate block shall be placed as close as possible to the part being
radiographed.
3. The block dimensions shall exceed the IQI dimensions such that the
outline of at least three sides of the IQI image shall be visible on the
radiograph.
b. Film side IQI(s): - Where inaccessibility prevents hand placing, the IQI) shall
be placed on the film side in contact with the part being examined. A lead letter
"F', at least as high as the IQI identification number(s), shall be placed
adjacent to or on the IQI(s), but shall not mask the essential hole where hole-
type IQIs are used.
10.6 IQI SELECTION:-

IQI (Essential Wire)
Nominal Material Thickness
Source Side Film Side
Range, mm.
Wire Type Wire Type Wire Type Wire Type
Essential wire Essential wire Essential wire Essential wire
(ASTM SE-747) (EN-462-1) (ASTM SE-747) (EN-462-1)
Up to 6.4 include. 5 13 4 14
Over 6.4 through 9.5 6 12 5 13
Over 9.5 through 12. 7 7 11 6 12
Over 12. 7 through 19 8 10 7 11
Over 19 through 25.4 9 9 8 10
Over 25.4 through 38. 1 10 8 9 9
Over 38.1 through 50.8 11 7 10 8
Over 50.8 through 63.5 12 6 11 7
Over 63.5 through 101.6 13 5 12 6
Over 101.6 through 152.4 14 4 13 5
Over 152.4 through 203.2 16 2 14 4
Over 203.2 through 254.0 17 16 2
10.6.1 All Radiographs shall comply with the sensitivity requirements of

ASME SEC V A – 2
Note: In reinforced branch connections sensitivity shall be based upon pipe wall
thickness plus pad thickness.
10.6.2 Geometrical Unsharpness: - Geometric unsharpness of the radiograph shall

be determined in accordance with the formula below.
FXd
Ug =
D
Where
Ug=Geometric Unsharpness
F = source size: the maximum projected dimension of the radiation source or effective
focal spot in the plane perpendicular to the distance 'D' from the weld or object being
radio graphed.
D = distance from source of radiation to weld or object being radiographed.
d = distance from source side of weld or object being radiographed to the film.
D & d shall be measured to the approximate center of the area of interest.
Note : Refer to Standard Guide for Radiographic Testing SE-94 for a method of
determining geometric unsharpness, Alternatively a nomograph as shown in standard
guide for radiographic testing SE-94 may be used.
10.6.3 Geometric Unsharpness Limitations:-
The following table outlines geometric un-sharpness values as

recommended in ASME Sec V.
Material Thickness Ug
(mm) Maximum(mm)
Under50 0.51
50 through 75 0.76
Over 75 through 100 1.02
Greater than 100 1.78

Final acceptance of the Radiographs shall be based on the ability to see the prescribed
penetrarneter image and the specified hole or the designated wire of a wire IQI. Slightly
bent (non-straightness) image of IQI wire shall not be a criterion for rejection of the
radiograph.
Note: Material thickness is the thickness on which the IQI is based.
10.7 Diagnostic Film Length: - Consideration will be given to each exposure

ensuring the thickness of the material penetrated at the extremities of the
readable area of interest which is measured in the direction of the incident beam
at that point, does not exceed 10% of the thickness being examined.
10.8 IQI Sensitivity: - Radiographic Sensitivity shall be equal to or better than that specified
in the applicable code.
For the DWDI & DWSI technique, the diameter of wires employed shall be based on the
nominal Single wall thickness of the specimen.
For weldments, the thickness of external weld reinforcement and internal weld protrusion
Single wall thickness shall be included in the sensitivity calculation.
11 Documentation& Storage of Films:

11.1 Report: - Radiography reports shall contain the following as a minimum
(a) Client (m) IQI identity & type

(b) Project (n) film manufacture type I designation
(c) Job Number (o) Radiographic technique
(d) Report Number (p) Radiographic sensitivity
(e) Date of Test (q) No. of exposure /No. of film per cassette
(f) Test location (r) source size or focal spot
(g) Base Material type and Thickness/ Weld thickness / reinforcement (s) Isotope type/X-ray voltage
(h) Drawing Number (t) Radiographic density
(i) Weld Number I Welder Number (u) Acceptance criteria
(j) Source to object distance (D: Para 10.6) (v) Name and level of evaluating person I signature.
(k) Distance from Source side of object to film (d:para 10.6) (w) Evaluation I Disposition of the welds/materials to film (d: Para 10.6).
(l) Screen type & thickness (x) List of each radiograph location with observation.
(y) Date of evaluation.
11.2 A complete set of radiographs and records, as described in Para 11.1

above, shall be retained by the Manufacturer for at least three years after
certification.
11.3 Film storage: - Radiographs shall be stored after acceptance of the Client
as per line or drawing number sequences for easy traceability whenever the
need arises.

12 Acceptance Criteria
12.1 Film shall be interpreted and evaluated by qualified Level II or Level III
personnel.
12.2 The manufacturer or his representative shall be responsible for the
acceptance of the completed radiographs to assure the compliance with
requirements of ASME Sec V Article-2, and the referencing Code Section
12.3 Refer annexure-III for acceptance / rejection criteria.

ANNEXURE-III
Sample Acceptance criteria for ASME B31.3

Table 3: RT Requirements for Piping Systems
General Service
% Radiography Acceptance Criteria
10% of ANSI Class 150 welds Normal Service Criteria

(Random)

(Random)
100% of ANSI Class 600 and Severe Cyclic Criteria (100%)

greater welds
Sour Service
% Radiography Acceptance Criteria
(Random)

(Random)
100% of ANSI Class 600 and Severe Cyclic Criteria (100%)

greater welds


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Vendor: PETRECO INTER

Document No. : INS/PI-1949/ASME/B31.3/RT/001

OPERATION CONTROLS - PROCEDURE

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2.1 The following documents are referred:

2.1.1 ASME B 31.3: Process Piping. Ed: 2014

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Type Speed Contrast Graininess Example

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10 Radiographic Film Viewing & Location Markers

10.1 Single Wall Viewing

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a) Client’s symbol / Name

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Wire Dia Wire Dia Wire Dia Wire Dia

0.0032 (0.08) / 1 0.010 (0.25) / 6 0.032 (0.81) / 11 0.100 (2.54) / 16

0.004 (0.10) / 2 0.013(0.33 ) / 7 0.040 (1.02) / 12 0.126 (3.20) / 17

0.005 (0.13) / 3 0.016 (0.41) / 8 0.050 (1.27) / 13 0.160 (4.06) / 18

0.0063 (0.16) / 4 0.020 (0.51) / 9 0.063 (1..60) / 14 0.200 (5.08) / 19

0.008 (0.20) / 5 0.025 (0.64) /10 0.080 (2.03) / 15 0.250 (6.35) / 20

0.010 (0.25) / 6 0.032 (0.81) / 11 0.100 (2.54) / 16 0.320 (8.13) / 21

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Welds in flat surfaces

Note-2: Placement of Penetrameters

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11.7 IQI SELECTION:

11.8 Geometrical Unsharpness:-Geometric unsharpness of the radiograph shall be determined in

Document No. : INS/PI-1949/ASME/B31.3/RT/001 Rev.: 01 dated 22.01.2017 Page No.: 12 of 22

11.6.1 Geometric Unsharpness Limitations:-

Note: Material thickness is the thickness on which the penetrameter is based.

12. Documentation / Storage of Films:

12.1 Report: - Radiography reports shall contain the following as a minimum

(a) Client (m) screen type & thickness

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(e) Date of Test (q) Radiographic sensitivity

13. Acceptance Criteria

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Pipe Exposure Radiograph Source-Weld-Film Arrangement IQI Penetrameter Location

T-276 Source Side Either Side

Single-Wall : Single –wall T-276 Source Side Film Side

Single-Wall : Single –wall T-276 Source Side Source Side

Document No. : INS/PI-1949/ASME/B31.3/RT/001 Rev.: 01 dated 22.01.2017 Page No.: 15 of 22

DOUBLE – WALL RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES

Pipe Exposure Radiograph Source-Weld-Film Arrangement IQI Penetrameter Location

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DOUBLE – WALL RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES

Pipe Exposure Radiograph Source-Weld-Film Arrangement IQI Penetrameter Location

31/2″ Double- Double-Wall Source T-276 Source Side Either side

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Annexure-IV Sample Report Format