Procedure

Working in Confined Spaces

Reference MSG: HSE

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TITLE:

Working in Confined Spaces

NOTES:

This document cancels and supersedes the procedure ZFOD-H-P-019-02-E “Confined space entry procedure” issued in
June 2012 and is part of the Health, Safety and Environment Integrated Management System (HSE IMS) of EIBV/ZFOD.
This official document is available at the HSE intranet shared area.
After downloading the document from the shared area, the document shall be considered as non-controlled copy.

ISSUE DATE: EFFECTIVE DATE:

March 2022
December 2021

PREPARED BY: CHECKED BY: APPROVED & AUTHORIZED BY:

L.Vailati / A. Collina
M. Marconi ZFOD HSE OPS. Manager
Safety SH

Walid Elmahdy
R. Toninelli EIBV Managing Director
Safety Advisor
R. Simonetti / M. Consiglio
EIBV Head of HSE

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Document RACIE Record

Name: Name:
Job Title: Safety SH Job Title: Safety SH
M.Marconi/K. Khan W. Alkowali
R esponsible
Signed: Signed:

Date: Date:

Name: Name:

Job Title: Job Title:

ZFOD HSE OPS. Manager ZFOD HSE OPS. Manager

L.Vailati/A.Collina H.Alhamed
A ccountable
Signed: Signed:

Date: Date:

C onsulted See distribution list on Page …

I nformed See distribution list on Page …

Name: Name:
Job Title: Job Title:
ZFOD General Manager
F.Roncarolo/G.Zuccaro ZFOD General Manager
N.Al Fadhih
E ndorsed
Signed: Signed:

Date: Date:

RACIE Terms
Responsible
R The person who actually produces the document.
Accountable
A The person who has the answer for success or failure of the quality and timeliness of the document
Consulted
C Those who must be consulted before the document is published.
Informed
I Those who must be informed after the document is published.
Endorsed
E Those who must approve the document before publication.

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INDEX
1. OBJECTIVES 6
2. SCOPE OF APPLICATION 6
3. REFERENCES 7
3.1 Internal references 7
3.2 External references 7
4. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 8
5. ACTIVITIES AND OPERATING METHODS 12
5.1 Functions involved 12
5.1.1 Company (EIBV/ZFOD) 12
5.1.2 Authorized Entrant 12
5.1.3 Issuing Authority 12
5.1.4 Performing Authority (Person in charge of the work) 13
5.1.5 Authorizing Authority 14
5.1.6 Area Authority 14

5.2 Confined Space Attendant 14

5.2.1 Authorized Gas Tester (ATG) 15
5.2.2 Contractor supervisor/representative 15

5.3 Hazards and properties of a confined space 16

5.3.1 Confined space hazard assessment and control program guidelines 16
5.3.2 Hazard identification and assessment 17
5.3.3 Hazards related to confined space 18

5.4 Confined space entry precautions 20

5.4.1 PTW Process 20
5.4.2 Confined Space Certificate 21
5.4.3 Pre-entry briefings and checks 21
5.4.4 Isolation of Confined Spaces 21
5.4.5 Cleaning of Confined Spaces 21
5.4.6 Ventilation of Confined Space 21
5.4.7 Gas Testing Requirements 22
5.4.8 Use of lighting and Tools 24

5.5 Emergency planning 25

5.5.1 Emergency rescue Plan 25
5.5.2 Basic confined space entry equipment 26
5.5.3 Communications 27
5.5.4 For Rescue Personnel 27

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5.6 Respiratory Protection 28

5.6.1 Breathing Air Standards 28
5.6.2 Air Line Mask 28
5.6.3 Using Portable Air Compressors 28
5.6.4 Self Contained Air Breathing Apparatus (SCABA) 28
5.6.5 Escape Breathing Apparatus 29

5.7 Power back up systems and maintenance program 29

5.8 Confined space training requirements 29
5.8.1 Awareness level 29
5.8.2 Operational level 30
5.8.3 Entry rescue level 30
5.8.4 Certification 30
5.8.5 Briefing 30

6. CHANGES MADE 31
7. RESPONSIBILITY FOR UPDATES 31
8. DOCUMENT FILING, STORAGE AND TRACEABILITY 31
9. LIST OF ANNEXES 31

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1. OBJECTIVES

It is known that working in confined spaces presents different categories of hazards which are considered potentially
dangerous since there are often no apparent signs of danger, in addition, the internal configurations of confined
space increases the hazards as rescuing an individual person facing difficulties inside a confined space is frequently
difficult.

It is essential that all existing hazards in confined spaces are identified and assessed before each entry into the space
and these hazards are monitored continuously thereafter to ensure safe working conditions are maintained.

This procedure aims to:

 Establish the requirements and minimum safety standard for confined space entry.

 Ensure safety of all the workers involved in confined space jobs and define the relevant safety protection
systems and safe work practices related to confined space.

 Provide guidance for the EIBV/ZFOD in order to establish a procedures that protects employees from a wide
variety of potential hazards while working in confined spaces and in case of emergency.
In addition to the minimum requirements outlined in this document, it is EIBV/ZFOD policy that confined space
entry follows internationally recognized guidelines and standards.

Any specific requirements which are not discussed in this document shall be addressed with site specific rules and
ensure compliance with the applicable regulations and Iraqi legal requirements.

2. SCOPE OF APPLICATION

This document outlines the Minimum Safety Standard for confined space entry, and it applies to all confined spaces,
which includes but are not limited to: tanks, ducts, pipelines, sumps, vessels, sewers, trenches/excavation,
ventilation or exhaust ducts and similar spaces not intended for continuous human occupancy and the
environmental conditions may harm human health (e.g. presence of noxious or poisonous substances, oxygen
deficiency and others).

This document applies also to all personnel involved in confined space entry (authorizing personnel, supervisors,
workers and others).

This document gives also guidance on the minimum requirements for emergency rescue plan that ensures
protection of employees from various confined spaces hazards in the event they would experience health problems
that would prevent unassisted egress and self-rescue from the confined space.

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3. REFERENCES

3.1 Internal references

Unless specifically designated by date, the latest edition of each publication shall be used, together with any
amendments/supplements/revisions thereto.

Eni spa - Code of Ethics

Eni spa - Model 231
Management System Guideline – “HSE” - MSG HSE eni spa and related Annexes
Opi sg hse 021 ups – HSE Golden Rules
opi hse 047 eni spa “Management of Operational safety”
opi hse 043 eni spa “Eni upstream – Confined space entry”
EIBV-H-P-018-02-EA “Permit to work”

3.2 External references

ISO 45001 2018 – “Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems – Requirements”
IOGP Recommended practice no. 577 related to 2. Confined Space Entry.
UK HSE Publication "Confined Spaces Regulations 1997. Approved Code of Practice, Regulations and
guidance" (Confined space regulations 1997).
Recommended practice standard API 54.
Standard API 2217°
DNVGL OS A101ANSI/AIHA Z88.2 Practices for Respiratory Protection
OSHA 29 CFR Part 1910.146 Permit-Required Confined Spaces
To ensure the correct application of this procedure, for each reference listed above, any subsequent revisions,
updates or additions also apply.
.

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4. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

TERM/ACRONYM DESCRIPTION

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, is a scientific association

ACGIH that develops recommendations or guidelines to assist in the control of occupational
health hazards.

Is a competent worker who is authorized by the site management to enter a confined

Authorized Entrant
space and he complies with confined space entry permit requirements.

Means the absolute closure of a pipe, line, or duct by the fastening of a solid plate
(such as a spectacle blind or a skillet blind) that completely covers the bore and that is
Blanking or Blinding
capable of withstanding the maximum pressure of the pipe, line, or duct with no
leakage beyond the plate.

Confined Space Is a trained person stationed outside the confined space with specific duties to monitor
Attendant the authorized entrants; he is also assigned to perform all attendants’ duties.

Confined spaces are enclosed or partially enclosed spaces that are not designed or
constructed for continuous human occupancy, have limited or restricted means for
entry or exit, and where there is risk of injury or illness from hazardous substances or
conditions.
A confined space must have both of the following defining features:
(a) it must be a space which is substantially (though not always entirely) enclosed;
(b) one or more of the following risks must be present or reasonably foreseeable:
• serious injury to any person at work arising from a fire or explosion;
• the loss of consciousness of any person at work arising from an increase in
body temperature;
• the loss of consciousness or asphyxiation of any person at work arising from
gas, fume, vapour or the lack of oxygen;
• the drowning of any person at work arising from an increase in the level of
liquid;
Confined Space
• the asphyxiation of any person at work arising from a free flowing solid or the
inability to reach a breathable environment due to entrapment by a free
flowing solid.
A space that:
a. by virtue of its enclosed nature, there arises a reasonable foreseeable
specified hazard;
b. is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and
perform assigned work;
c. has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (e.g., tanks, vessels, silos,
storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that may have limited means
of entry);
d. is not designed for continuous employee occupancy;
e. has been sealed;

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f. consists in trenches and excavations deeper than 1,2 m, providing that the
above mentioned risks are present or reasonably foreseeable.
“Entry” begins as soon as any part of the body crosses the plane of the permit space’s
opening and the entrant is either breathing the atmosphere of that permit space or
wearing self-contained breathing apparatus.

DGS Degassing Station

The closure of a line, duct, or pipe by closing and locking or tagging two in-line valves
Double Block and Bleed and by opening and locking or tagging a drain or vent valve in the line between the two
closed valves.

It is a secure, proven disconnection and separation of a circuit, or item of equipment,

Electrical isolation
from every source of electrical energy. Testing effectiveness is included.

Means any occurrence (including any failure of hazard control or monitoring

Emergency equipment) or event internal or external to the permit space that could endanger
entrants.

The surrounding and effective capture of a person by a liquid or finely divided (when
flowing) solid substance that can be aspirated to cause death by filling or plugging the
Engulfment
respiratory system or that can exert enough force on the body to cause death by
strangulation, constriction, or crushing

The Confined Space Entry Certificate that is provided by the PTW System to allow and
ENTRY AUTHORIZATION
control entry into a confined space and that contains the information required by the
FORM
Permit to Work System as highlighted in this document

The person (such as the foreman, supervisor, or crew chief) responsible for
determining if acceptable entry conditions are present at a permit space where entry
is planned, for authorizing entry and overseeing entry operations, and for terminating
entry.
Entry Supervisor
Note: An entry supervisor also may serve as an attendant or as an authorized
entrant or authorized gas tester, as long as that person is trained and equipped as
required by the EIBV/ZFOD and as defined on the local written procedures for each
role he fills.

An atmosphere that may expose employees to the risk of death, incapacitation and
impairment of ability to self-rescue (i.e. escape unaided from a permit space), injury,
or acute illness that means:
1. Flammable gas, vapour, mist or airborne combustible dust in excess of 10% of its
lower flammable limit (LFL).
Hazardous Atmosphere
2. An atmospheric concentration of any substance for which exposure limit could
result in employee exposure in excess of its permissible limits.
3. Atmospheric oxygen concentration below 19.5% or above 23.5%.

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IDLH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health are air concentration values for chemicals
established to ensure that the worker can escape from a given contaminated
environment in the event of failure of the respiratory protection equipment and to
indicate a maximum level above which only a highly reliable breathing apparatus,
providing maximum worker protection, is permitted

The displacement of the atmosphere in a permit space by a non-combustible gas (such

Inerting as nitrogen) to such an extent that the resulting atmosphere is non-combustible.
Note: This procedure produces an IDLH oxygen-deficient atmosphere.

IPF Interim Production Facility

Isolation The process by which a permit space is removed from service and completely
protected against the release of energy and material into the space by such means as:
blanking or blinding; misaligning or removing sections of lines, pipes, or ducts; a double
block and bleed system; lockout or tag-out of all sources of energy; or blocking or
disconnecting all mechanical linkages.

ISOLATION AUTHORITY The authorized persons formally in charge of the isolation process.

Means the intentional opening of a pipe, line, or duct that is or has been carrying
Line Breaking flammable, corrosive, or toxic material, an inert gas, or any fluid at a volume, pressure,
or temperature capable of causing injury.

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Oxygen deficient
This is an atmosphere containing less than 19.5 percent oxygen by volume.
atmosphere

Oxygen enriched
This is an atmosphere containing more than 23.5 percent oxygen by volume.
atmosphere

Permissible Exposure Limits are regulatory limits on the amount or concentration of a

substance in the air established by OSHA to protect workers against the health effects
PEL
of exposure to hazardous substances. They may also contain a skin designation. OSHA
PELs are based on an 8-hour time weighted average (TWA) exposure.

The formal written system that is aimed to ensure that proper planning and
consideration is provided to control certain types of work that are identified as
potentially hazardous. The permit is a written document which authorizes certain
Permit to Work System people to carry out specific work, at a certain time and place, and which sets out the
main precautions needed to complete the job safely.

This is performed by closing and locking of valves and may include depressurizing,
Process/ Mechanical flushing and purging/ inerting and testing effectiveness. The disconnection of plant,
isolation equipment, and systems from sources of motive power, liquids, gases and gravity. It
includes the installation of Spectacle blinds or spades, etc and testing effectiveness.
SCBA Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus

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TLV-STEL ACGIH® Threshold limit value − short-term exposure limit (TLV-STEL): spot exposure
for a duration of 15 minutes, that cannot be repeated more than 4 times per day with
at least 60 minutes between exposure periods
TLV-TWA ACGIH® Threshold limit value − time-weighted average (TLV-TWA): average exposure
on the basis of a 8h/day, 40h/week
ZFOD Zubair Field Operating Division

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5. ACTIVITIES AND OPERATING METHODS

5.1 Functions involved

5.1.1 Company (EIBV/ZFOD)
EIBV/ZFOD shall:

 Ensure a comprehensive written procedures and procedures are prepared and implemented in each
particular site in accordance with the local needs.

 Ensure contractors, procedures are in accordance with EIBV/ZFOD requirements.

 Appointment and approval of a designated Person(s) to issue authorisation for confined space procedures
prepared by EIBV/ZFOD.

 Ensure adequate resources are provided for a safe execution of confined space activities.

 Ensure compliance of contractors and their subcontractors with all safety requirements for confined space
entry including implementation of the EIBV/ZFOD procedures and any other local site specific safety
requirements.

 Detailing the preparations required to protect the health and safety of all personnel who must work in
confined spaces.

For all confined space work, the responsibility for safety, during the entire duration of the work activities, rests with
the Issuing and Person in charge of the work, Rescue Team personnel and Authorized Entrants. These personnel must
ensure that adequate steps have been taken to eliminate or control the hazards present. These personnel need to be
in a position to have an overview of all operations planned and/or underway in order to avoid hazards caused by
simultaneous activities.

5.1.2 Authorized Entrant

The individual shall ensure the work site is safe and he must obtain advice in case of doubt or changed conditions, also
he must:

 Have a general understanding of the PTW system and particularly confined space permit to work.

 Be competent and have a working knowledge of their own job.

 Do not start any job requiring a permit until one is issued and he is briefed on safety requirement so he
understands conditions and precautions set out in the permit

 All safety measures are strictly followed.

 The individual is also responsible for wearing the proper PPE.

5.1.3 Issuing Authority

Ensure that:

 All steps in the work activities have been identified.

 All hazards have been identified and evaluated.

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 The work is carried out in accordance with the PTW requirements.

 PTW coordination meetings are held to perform a pre job planning and a comprehensive analysis of all risk
conditions of concurrent activities affecting confined space location

 Work site has been visited and inspected with the performing authority and acceptable conditions are
provided before the entry.

 Person in charge of work is aware of precautions taken, any particular safety measures required, equipment
used, and procedures to follow.

 The permit specifies the action to be taken if the work has to be suspended.

 Copies of all issued permits are displayed

 The work site is examined when work is suspended or completed

 Once the work site has been examined, the Issuing Authority shall make sure that all precautions specified
and taken before work started and remain effective and unchanged while the confined spaces permit is in
force.

 He shall be familiar with the required PPE and their use.

 Permits should be displayed at the designated control centre, work sites, and other control centres as
required. This is done to prevent any additional work from being done that could compromise the safety of
the permitted work.

 The work site is examined when the work is suspended for more than 30 minutes, before it is restarted, and
finally when the work is completed to ensure that it is kept in a safe condition.

5.1.4 Performing Authority (Person in charge of the work)

Ensure that:

 Workers involved in the confined space are familiar and understand the task to be performed. Personnel
performing the work must also understand the consequences of non-compliance with the PTW systems.

 Ensure proper training is provided for workers performing confined space activities under his/her
supervision.

 Work site has been visited and inspected with the Issuing and Area Authorities and acceptable conditions are
provided before the entry.

 No entry is possible until proper PTW authorization is obtained and strict precautions are implemented.

 Issuing Authority is always informed when work is suspended or completed.

 The training should ensure that the personnel understand the PTW system and procedures in general, and
the specific precautions required for their work.

 The appropriate collective and personal PE is defined, assigned and used properly.

 The conditions and precautions in the permit(s) are continuously monitored and they are fully understood
and followed at all times.

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 When the works is suspended or completed the permit must be formally handed back and signed off by the
proper Issuing Authority.

 Performing Authority shall make sure that a confined space attendant has been appointed for each confined
space activity.

5.1.5 Authorizing Authority

The Authorizing Supervisor/Authority is the party that is legally responsible for the workplace where the work will be
performed and is the authority that approves the work under PTW conditions.

The Authorizing Supervisor/Authority has to coordinate and control the approval of permits and all connected forms
for each works to be performed at site. The person responsible needs to be in a position to have an overview of all
operations planned and/or underway in order to avoid risks caused by simultaneous / concurrent activities.

The Authorizing Supervisor/Authority will insure as minimum the following:

 The Identification of specific risks associated to the worksite and add the associated preventive and
protective actions in the PTW (e.g. interferential risks generated by the interaction of the activity with others
ones and the mining risks);

 The approval of the work permit, authorizing the execution of works;

 The implementation of the PTW procedure with monitoring on regular basis to ensure that it is properly
applied.

5.1.6 Area Authority

The Area Authority shall:

 Have an overview of all operations under way, or planned, on site in the area under his/her responsibility;

 Work site has been visited and inspected with the Performing Authority and acceptable conditions are
provided before the entry.

 Once the work site has been examined, the Area Authority shall make sure that all precautions are specified
and taken before work starts and remain effective and unchanged while the confined spaces permit is in
force including the isolations (electrical or mechanical) required to perform the job in the confined space.

 Verify, for each activity authorized by a PTW that will be performed in the area under his/her responsibility,
that the work can be safely carried out according to the workplace conditions and all the safety provisions
put in place;

 The work site is examined when the work is suspended, before it is restarted, and finally when the work is
completed to ensure that it is kept in a safe condition.

5.2 Confined Space Attendant

A confined space attendant shall be appointed by Performing Authority for each confined space.

The Confined Space Attendant shall:

 identify hazards that may be faced during entry, including information on the signs or symptoms, and
consequences of the exposure

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 be aware of possible behavioural effects of hazard exposure in authorized entrants.

 continuously maintain an accurate count of authorized entrants in the permit space and ensure that means
exist to identify authorized entrants.

 remain outside the permit space during entry operations until relieved by another attendant.

 communicate with authorized entrants as necessary to monitor entrant status and to alert entrants of the
need to evacuate the space.

 monitor activities inside and outside the space to determine if it is safe for entrants to remain in the space
and order the authorized entrants to evacuate the permit space immediately if he cannot effectively and
safely perform all the duties or detect the hazards stated above.

 alert rescue and other emergency services as soon as the attendant determines that authorized entrants may
need assistance to escape from permit space hazards;

 take all actions to prevent unauthorized persons approach or enter a permit space while entry is underway.

5.2.1 Authorized Gas Tester (ATG)

Gas Testing is the process by which the atmospheric hazards that may confront entrants of a permit space are
identified and evaluated. Testing includes specifying the tests that are to be performed in the permit space.

Note: Testing enables both to devise and implement adequate control measures for the protection of authorized
entrants and to determine if acceptable entry conditions are present immediately prior to, and during, entry.

Gas Tester shall:

 be competent and formally authorized

 take and record measurements before the work starts an during as required in the PTW.

 monitor and record measurements during the work carried out under a permit

 prevent entrance in case of failed test

 have knowledge and perform monthly calibration/bump tests for a Gas Detector.

 ensure that only valid calibrated detectors are utilized.

 ATG could be part of HSE site organization and should report to Area Authority.

5.2.2 Contractor supervisor/representative

 Obtaining from EIBV/ZFOD any available information regarding confined space hazards.

 Coordinating entry operation with EIBV/ZFOD when both EIBV/ZFOD and contract personnel will working in
or near the confined space.

 Informing contract personnel of the hazards encountered in the space, obtaining approval from Authorizing
Supervisor and singing entry.

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5.3 Hazards and properties of a confined space

Confined spaces often present, or have the potential to present, hazards related to atmospheric conditions such as
but not limited to the following:

 Toxicity, Flammability, Asphyxiation;

 Engulfment or Entrapment;

 Physical Hazards;

 Biological Hazards;

 Radiation Hazards

In addition, the following should be considered:

 danger of exposure to accumulate natural ionising radiation (TENORM) radioactive source ex: nucleonic
gauges for measuring levels or product density, and others.

 extremely high/low temperature and level of humidity

 increased electrical risk if the containment is metallic and non-specific electrical tools/installations are used

 noise & vibrations

Confined spaces shall be visually inspected and tested by an Authorized Gas Tester to determine the atmosphere
before the initial entry into the space by a worker. Depending of situation and specific disposition in PTW, Authorized
Gas Tester have to check periodically internal conditions of confined spaces.

Note: Although not designed for continuous employee occupancy, closed locations as containers equipped with an
emergency device capable of opening the door from inside and not presenting above-mentioned hazards related to
atmospheric conditions are not considered confined spaces.

5.3.1 Confined space hazard assessment and control program guidelines

The Confined Space Risk Assessment must include but is not limited to the following:

1) Guidance on how to identify confined spaces.

2) Identifying means to prevent entry to confined spaces

3) Guidance on the identification and evaluation of all potential hazards that may exist at the beginning of the
work as well as those that may develop because of nature of the work activities performed, including
isolation and cleaning plans. A suitable plan to eliminate or control all hazards identified.

4) Identification of the persons who may be entrants, attendants, entry supervisors, performing, issuing & area
supervisions, authorized gas tester, etc.

5) Identification of the duties of each such employee, and provide each such employee with the training
required.

6) A suitable plan to eliminate or control all hazards identified.

7) Employees training program & requirements for all the workers that will enter into the confined spaces and
assessment of competence and suitability of personnel to carry out allocated tasks.

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8) Requirements of an entry authorization form in order to clearly state that each form is applicable to a single
confined space. This is applicable only in particular cases if CS Certificate isn’t able to cover all specific danger.

9) Development of an appropriate emergency plan including the training on the use of rescue equipment in case
an unexpected situation occurs.

10) Isolation plan and spading list

11) Cleaning Plan.

Note: To effectively control the hazards associated with working in a confined space, a written Procedures should be
to apply keep in mind specific regulations that apply at the workplace in the Iraq.

5.3.2 Hazard identification and assessment

A Hazard Identification and Assessment shall be completed before any entry into a confined space.

The Hazard Identification and Assessment should identify:

 detailed and critical steps of the activities to be performed in the confined space.

 specific hazards known or anticipated.

 safety control measures.

 emergency response requirements including rescue equipment and methods of rescue.

Some conditions may be hazardous:

 the entrance/exit of the confined space might not allow the worker to get out in time should there be a flood
or collapse of free-flowing solid as during or following excavation

 self-rescue by the worker is more difficult

 rescue of the victim is more difficult. The interior configuration of the confined space often does not allow easy
movement of people or equipment within it

 natural ventilation alone will often not be sufficient to maintain breathable quality air. The interior
configuration of the confined space does not allow easy movement of air within it specifically, even in case of
open space configuration, the location could be subject to accumulation or concentration of harmful, or
flammable, gases or vapours or substances generating a lack of oxygen or an oxygen-deficient atmosphere;

 conditions in the confined space can change suddenly and working environments that initially are in doubt to
be suspect of pollution may become locations classified as confined spaces; specifically locations may be re-
classified as confined space during or following specific activities (as constructions, modifications, etc.);
conditions in the confined space can change suddenly

 the conditions outside the confined space can have impacts on the conditions inside the confined space and
the other way around

 work activities performed inside confined spaces may introduce hazards not present or not been identified
initially

 microclimatic conditions (heat/cold) with potential need for an initial check and continuous monitoring of
temperature and humidity within the confined space, if heat stress is identified as an issue of concern;

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preventive measures, as work time reduction or additional ventilation, could be identified depending on
measurement results; long time spent in the confined space

 time spent in the confined space;

 obstructions within the confined space

 communications;

 residues;

 contaminants

 means of controlling all potential entry points, including labelling, signage and barricading.

For each specific job these need to be brainstormed to reach a list of hazards to be assessed.

5.3.3 Hazards related to confined space

All hazards encountered in a regular workspace can also exist in a confined space. However, they can be even more
hazardous in a confined space than in a regular worksite. Examples of potential hazards in Confined Spaces are listed
below: it is emphasized that this is not an exhaustive list; each specific job requires a process of hazard identification
to be carried out.

Hazard Location Conditions Symptoms Sources

Headaches, ringing in the Corrosion of metal,

Electrical pits, silos, Normal air = 20.9% Oxygen
Oxygen ears, confusion, difficulty replaced by gases
sewers, valve pits, OSHA safe entry limit >
Deficiency breathing, loss of muscle generated by organic
tanks, sumps 19.5% control, unconsciousness digestion

Oxygen OSHA maximum safe entry None, extreme fire or Oxygen from an oxy-
Any enclosed space
Enrichment limit < 23.5% Oxygen explosion hazard acetylene torch

Volatile solvents,
Building sewer Usually accompanies by
Toxic welding fumes, paint
systems, infiltration OSHA PEL=s or ACGIH strong odours or eye and
Chemical vapours, combustion
into the space form TLV=s throat irritation with
Exposure gases, or organic
a leaking source headache and nausea
decay

Exposed live wiring,

Non-zero energy state (Use High voltage pits,
Electrical & tanks or vats Electrocution or physical
lockout/Tag-out mixing tanks, process
Mechanical containing rotating trauma to the body
Procedures) vessels
shafts

High ambient temperatures

Steam tunnels, Heat cramps, heat Steam tunnels, power
Heat or physical contact with hot
crawl spaces with exhaustion, heat stroke, plant boilers, hot
Stress/Burns surfaces or hot water or
steam or hot water burns process tanks
steam

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Flammable or explosive
range in air. OSHA safe Same as an oxygen
Explosive Sanitary sewers, Decaying organic
entry limit <10% of the LEL deficient atmosphere or
Atmosphere fuel storage tanks wastes, solvents
and 0% LEL if hot work is chemical exposure
required.

All vertical No permanently fixed

Fall Pits, sumps, vats,
locations > 1meter ladder, wet or uneven Severe physical injury
Protection tanks
in depth internal surfaces

Positions in
cramped spaces
and positions with
noise reflective
Occupational surfaces Excess over acceptable Steam pipes, power
Hearing loss
Noise Hot process tanks levels plant boilers
and plants, areas
where noise
sources are in use
in confined spaces

Important Notes:

1) Entry into confined spaces shall not be permitted until the Hazard Assessment has been reviewed and
discussed by all persons engaged in the confined space activity.

2) Workers required to enter a confined space must be informed of all the identified and existing or potential
hazards associated with the confined space to be entered.

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5.4 Confined space entry precautions

Some places fall within the definition of a confined space due to a concomitant event, examples include a trench in
the vicinity of a leaking buried gas main, a garage inside of which petrol has spilled, an unventilated cellar containing a
leaking gas cylinder or a transport container in which a toxic and volatile chemical has spilled.

On the basis of these preliminary considerations, before starting to work it is necessary to determine if the areas in
which activities are to be executed include confined spaces; and if so a PTW with relevant Confined Space Certificate
must be issued for the identified confined spaces and the related hazards.

In application to OPERATIVE PTW SYSTEM, is required Cold work Permit with 7 days of validation or Hot work Permit
with 1 day of validation, in addition to Confined Space Entry Certificate.

5.4.1 PTW Process

Confined Entry and Performing operations or activities in a confined space shall be controlled in accordance with the
EIBV/ZFOD Permit to Work Procedure and Confined Space Entry program and/or procedure.

Every entry into a confined space for performing an inspection or activities requires the Entry Supervisor to submit a
Confined Space Entry permit in addition, he must attach any required Permit to Work (i.e. Hot Work) or associated
supporting certificates as required and defined in the PTW procedure since work activities to be performed inside the
permit space may requires a separate PTW (e.g. hot work permit or energy Process/Mechanical/Instrument isolation
certificate if confined space isolation is required before entry).

All work permits and certificates associated with the same work must be cross-referenced.

The process involved in obtaining approval of a Confined Space Entry permits is as follows:

1. Area and Performing Authorities, Authorized Entrants shall be trained and competent on PTW System and
confined space entry requirements.

2. Performing Authority completes the relevant sections of Confined Space Entry permit.

3. The Area Authority will perform an evaluation of confined space before authorizing the Confined Space Entry
permit.

4. The risk evaluation is verified during a meeting to discuss, verify and authorize PTW in order to analyze specific
conditions associated to intrinsic hazards of particular confined space locations and additional risk conditions
connected with operational hazards of planned activities inside or outside the confined space. These last
include simultaneous/concurrent operations or hazardous activities requiring specific Permit to Work and
forms (as hot works, isolation/inerting/purging, height work, etc.), as well as risky conditions potentially
occurring outside in the neighboring plant areas (as operations posing risks of release of heavy gases capable
of accumulating in the lower parts of plants or release of substances capable of generating lack of oxygen or
oxygen-deficient atmosphere or oxygen enriched atmosphere). The preliminary coordination meeting involves
representatives of those plan operations affected by the entry, as appropriate, as well as personnel responsible
for overall confined space work. Face-to-Face meetings among the people involved may be organized, as
appropriate.

5. Other involved discipline, i.e. Mechanical or Process Team will perform coordination work to ensure that all
possible services leading to the confined space are made safe for entry. Such coordination may include the
isolation of services, lock out/tag out and the installation of blind flanges.

6. Entry Contractor Supervisor will ensure, with HSE assistance, that all personnel involved in confined space are
competent and qualified, ensure that entrants assigned to work in the confined spaces are properly trained,

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and they are briefed on the potential hazards identified and required prevention, control and mitigation
measures.

7. Prior to entry into a confined space, the Confined Space Attendant will reconfirm conditions of the confined
space and perform physical checks to ensure all necessary safety and health measures have been implemented.

8. Prior to entry into a confined space, the presence of all PTW systems for concurrent activities will be double-
checked by the Area Authority and the Performing Authority.

9. A copy of the permit should be kept on site, displayed near the confined space, for the duration of the job, if
unacceptable / unsafe conditions arise, or there is a change in the rescue arrangements for which the Confined
Space Entry permit was approved, a new permit must be opened.

10. The confined space entry is only allowed for the period indicated in the approved PTW.

11. Permit to work and the associated form are closed after completion or suspension of the confined space work
and means to prevent re-entry are established.

5.4.2 Confined Space Certificate

EIBV ZFOD PTW System foreseen the use of a Confined Space certificate that contain all the information required to
safely perform activities in such spaces (Ref. Annex B Confined Space Entry Certificate).

The authorized entrants within the Confined Space shall be in the specific Entry Log (Annex C) which will enable the
attendant to determine quickly and accurately, for the duration of the permit, which authorized entrants are inside the
permit space.

5.4.3 Pre-entry briefings and checks

Before the entry is authorized, the performing authority must brief entrants, attendants and supervisors on their
responsibilities and the hazards and controls for safe entry.

Pre-entry briefings may be conducted outside a confined space in the form of a Toolbox Talk/Meeting (See Annex H)
and then Confined Space Checklist shall be filled (See Annex I).

5.4.4 Isolation of Confined Spaces

Confined spaces inserted into process equipment, for which a PTW and Confined Space Entry Certificate has been
requested, shall be positively isolated from all possible sources of all hazardous energy in accordance with EIBV/ZFOD
specific Isolation philosophy and Control of Hazardous Energy (lockout/tag-out Procedure) related to energy isolation
procedures, shutdown procedures, certificate (See Annexes D, E), and spading list if applicable

Caution: Butterfly valves are not allowed, without blinds, for use in a double block and bleed system, because they have
a history of leakage or failure.

5.4.5 Cleaning of Confined Spaces

Before entering the interior of any vessel or tank, depending on the nature of its contents, shall be emptied of residual
material or potentially hazardous substances. Initial cleaning shall be attempted from outside the confined space. Waste
shall be managed according to EIBV/ZFOD.

Drain flush and purge procedure using Nitrogen, water and steam, ensuring that the tank is liquid and gas free.

5.4.6 Ventilation of Confined Space

The ventilation of confined spaces may be achieved by:

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 Natural ventilation, however natural ventilation alone will often not be sufficient to maintain breathable
quality air.
 Mechanical ventilation – Forced or Suction.
 High Pressure Purging.
 Compressed Air.

All confined spaces where there is a presence of authorized entrants shall be continuously ventilated and atmosphere
inside monitored until the work is completed.

5.4.6.1 Use of ventilation equipment

Ventilation must preferably be accomplished using a positive pressure mechanical ventilation method that introduces
sufficient fresh air and removes contaminants from all zones and confined areas of the confined space and avoids the
recirculation of contaminated air.

Even after the confined space has been cleaned and ventilated, the mechanical ventilation equipment must be kept
working for all the approved confined space work duration to provide secondary protection.

5.4.6.2 Ventilation air source

The ventilation air used should be from either an electrical blower approved for a Zone 1 hazardous area, or an air driven
blower. The air intakes for these devices shall be located where no contaminants may enter the stream.

In some cases, it may be necessary to inert or purge the space prior to ventilation.

5.4.6.3 Atmospheres Testing within confined space

Atmospheres inside a confined space must be tested by qualified personnel (i.e. an Authorized Gas Tester) prior to each
entry. Gas Tests shall be carried for:

 oxygen deficiency or enrichment.

 flammable gases and vapours.
 toxic vapours and gases.

5.4.7 Gas Testing Requirements

The results of the atmospheric testing inside the confined space must be used for defining:

 method of and sequence of entry

 the required PPE (BA requirements, personal gas monitors etc)
 worker exposure duration
 rescue / back up team
 whether an entry shall not be allowed.

Gas Testing shall be carried out in accordance with the following requirements:

 Ventilation equipment shall be shut off before the tests commence.

 The atmosphere shall be tested at all level (from the bottom to the top, and in the middle of all confined spaces)
to detect the bad air.
 Continuous gas monitoring of the atmosphere, using portable detectors, able to detect all kind of atmospheric
danger included O2 deficiency shall be done and monitored for hazardous atmospheres while workers are still
working inside the permit space.

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 If the activity in confined space is interrupts for any reason, the atmosphere shall be re-tested before re-entry
may be permitted.
 The written EIBV/ZFOD dispositions, includes details related to gas testing in terms of provisions and steps for
which the supervision from Subsidiary personnel is required (e.g. countercheck performed by the HSE
department) when gas testing is performed by contractors.

5.4.7.1 Testing within a Confine Space

If possible, the gas test must be carried out from outside the confined space, e.g. using extension probes. If this is not
possible, the Authorized Gas Tester must wear insulating respiratory protective equipment (e.g. self-contained breathing
apparatus), a harness and a lifeline.

5.4.7.2 Testing Procedure

A sampling device which has a zero set shall be zeroed in a clean atmosphere before each sampling, and perform
operational check as stated in the operating instructions.

Calibration of a sampling device shall be conducted as often as recommended by the manufacturer, but at least once
every 6 months.

If possible, draw an air sample through a hole leading to the space before opening the entry port, if not physically able,
open the entry port and start sampling every meter (1m) in the direction of travel and from side to side. It is
recommended that the sampling time be twice (2 x) the response time of the equipment.

Compare sampling results to the acceptable entry conditions:

 Oxygen (O 2 ) greater than 19.5% and less than 23.5%

 Flammability less than 10% of Lower Flammable / Explosive Limit (LFL/LEL)
 Flammability = 0% LEL if HOT WORK inside permit space (ALWAYS).
 Carbon Monoxide (CO) less than 25 ppm (ACGIH TLV-TWA = 25 ppm, 29 mg/m3 for a normal 8-hour workday
and a 40 hour workweek) [ACGIH 2018].
 H 2 S less than 10 ppm (ACGIH TLV-TWA = 10 ppm for a normal 8-hour period, 40 hours a week, without
respiratory protection. For safety reasons, a more restrictive limit of 5 ppm should be adopted due recognition
of a working day longer than 8 hours;
 Other substances less than 10% of the Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL).
 Dose and contamination levels of NORM (Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials).
Presence of substances like mercury and pyrophoric scale should be considered.

Gas monitoring shall be performed for hazardous atmospheres while workers are still working inside the permit space.

Important Notes:

 If correctly calibrated, the gas monitors will sound an alarm if these levels are exceeded.
 The threshold limits values indicated above may vary according to the local country regulations and laws or
change in the standards. However, shall not be less stringent than those indicated in this document.
 Prior to any activity to be performed in confined spaces containing well fluids (oil and/or gas, e.g. process
vessels) it is necessary to involve the Radioprotection unit of the Subsidiary/District, in order to evaluate all the
possible prevention/protection measures to be put in place for reducing/eliminating the risk of exposure to

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radiation substances (e.g. TENORM, NORM) for workers and all the precaution for what concern the correct
handling and disposal of any kind of potentially contaminated wastes

5.4.7.3 Test Records

The types of measurements to be taken and when they shall be taken should be indicated in the PTW on site.

At least two gas monitors shall be used for any measurement

Results of any gas testing (the most conservative measurement) should be recorded and timed and entered on the Gas
Test measurement as part of Confined Space Entry certificate (See Annex B) and Cold Work permit form (See Annex F)
or Hot Work Permit form (See Annex G).

If concentration of dangerous gases levels changes during the work, the work should be suspended.

5.4.8 Use of lighting and Tools

5.4.8.1 Lighting inside confined space

The following precautions shall be observed when using temporary lighting:

 With priority, cold and ATEX certified LED lamps for zone 1 temperature class T5 for dust or vapours must be
used, battery powered and with protection degree at least IP66
 Where the confined space has not been declared as gas free, air driven flameproof lights or certified battery
powered torches must be used. Lights All devices must be certified for a Zone 1 (Division 1) hazardous area.
 Confined spaces, which have been certified as gas free but where flammable residues could remain, may be
illuminated as above or by extra low voltage (25V AC) portable lighting, all equipment approved for use in a
Zone 1 (Division 1) hazardous area.
 Where the confined space has been cleaned of all flammable residues and certified as gas free or is a confined
space by virtue of restricted access alone and there has never been the possibility of it containing a flammable
atmosphere, standard low voltage industrial lighting may be used.
 The supply cables to the transformers (approved for use in a Zone 1 (Division 1) hazardous area for extra low
voltage portable lights, must always be supported above ground and the transformers never taken inside the
confined space.
 Confined spaces including conducting material or electrical equipment must not contain water. The equipment
and extension cables should be in good shape, certified, adequate for the location where they are used.
 The bulbs should be water resistant when used in humid or wet locations.
 All equipment should be grounded unless being in double isolation. If the grounding is impossible, we should
use a circuit breaker at high sensibility of a mass defect outside the confined space.
 Gloves, rubber materials and envelopes can be used when necessary to reduce the risks of electrocution.

5.4.8.2 Equipment & tools

If the atmosphere inside a confined space is classified as flammable/combustible, entrants must not use electrical tools,
therefore only tools equipped with an air circuit may be used and tools likely to produce sparks and hot spot may not be
used.

5.4.8.3 Radiation

Any confined space that might normally contain naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) shall be checked by
a certified Radiological Protection Supervisor.

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Where vessels are fitted with nucleonic gauges for measuring levels or product density, the radioactive source must be
made safe by pulling it back into its housing to limit the dose rate.

5.5 Emergency planning

5.5.1 Emergency rescue Plan
An emergency recovery and rescue plan must be prepared for each entry into the confined space, referring to the site
emergency plan, detailing the measures to be undertaken in case of emergency. The emergency recovery and rescue
plan must be part of the required documentation attached to the Confined Space Entry Certificate.

This should include as a minimum:

 Personnel required in performing the rescue and organization of the emergency response plans, including
training requirements comprising, at least, first aid
 An assessment of the hazards associated with the confined space configuration, means of access, egress and
rescue.
 Required gas testing / monitoring equipment.
 All the required precautions to be implemented while in the confined space.
 Necessary PPE and related rescue equipment requirements and method of use required.
 Required tools and any other special equipment.
 First Aid Kits
 Rescue and Resuscitation equipment
 Systems to raise the alarm
 Safeguarding the rescuers
 Training following the assessment of the hazards associated with confined spaces and the emergency recovery
procedure.
 Local emergency services and the specific availability of local emergency teams for first aid and for the
implementation of fire fighting measures
 Need for checking, before confined space work starts, the proper working order of all equipment required by
the emergency rescue and recovery plan through practical testing.
 Requirement concerning the verification of all the operational steps in the emergency response sequence
identified by the emergency recovery and rescue plan through practical exercises.

The Emergency Recovery and Rescue Plan should include a method of communication and a common signals system
understood by all employees concerned (e.g. radio, pre-arranged signals, whistles, signaling ropes). These
communication arrangements shall be always maintained throughout the duration of the entry. If communications are
interrupted, personnel must be immediately evacuated from the confined space and must not return until a reliable
communication connection has been re-established.

A trained attendant shall be stationed outside the entry/exit in order to handle emergencies. Particular situations
may require more than one attendant stationed at all permits space access/entry points.

The person responsible for the rescue system never enters the confined space.

If more than one attendant is required, they may enter the confined space only in order to handle specific emergency
circumstances, provided they are equipped with a breathing apparatus and safety measures are taken as identified
below. The attendant(s) must be familiar with their duties and must have the training as rescue team members.

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A lifeline attached to a full body harness may be used by all entrants during confined space entry depending on
specific Hazards and conditions.

The following situation will be strictly adhered to when performing a confined space rescue operation:

When a person is found to have collapsed in a confined space during entry or while working, even though the
confined space has been certified safe for entry, no entry should be attempted to extricate the collapsed person until
either of the following measures has been taken:

 The conditions inside the confined space have been tested as safe for entry by an Authorized Entrant or the
Confined Space Attendant.
 The wearing of suitable breathing apparatus and body harnesses when attempting to extricate or rescue a
person from a confined space.
 The presence of rescue team outside the confined space equipped with all necessary rescue equipment for the
extrication of the collapsed person.
 The availability and use of intrinsically safe rescue and communication equipment if used near to an electrically
classified area.

The Emergency Rescue Plan includes details related to provisions and steps for which the supervision from Subsidiary
personnel is required (e.g. countercheck performed by the HSE department) when emergency rescue is performed by
contractors.

The Emergency Rescue Plan shall be practiced through periodic exercises. Frequency of exercises is defined by the
EIBV/ZFOD on a risk-based approach, and Emergency Rescue Plan shall be tested prior to start the activities in the
Confined Space.

5.5.2 Basic confined space entry equipment

Equipment required for all confined space entries shall include the following but is not limited:

 Proper PPE (Safety footwear, Safety helmet with fitting chin strap, Safety glasses (clear type), Suitable safety
gloves, Ear Protection etc…)
 A lifeline attached to a full body harness may be used by all entrants during confined space entry depending
on specific hazards and conditions.
 Portable tripod type retrieval system with fall arrestor and retrieval winch that permits a single attendant to
retrieve an entrant easily (where necessary).
 Personal gases monitor (e.g. H2S, O2 and hydrocarbons).
 Respiratory protection or self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), as required.
 Proper ventilation.
 Ladders / Scaffolding (where necessary).
 Lighting (if potentially hazardous atmosphere these should be I.S. or Ex[d]).
 Fire extinguisher in case of hot work (0% LEL if hot work is required in confined space).
 Isolation equipment (locks, tags, valve covers, chains, blinds)
 Barrier tape, cones, signage, barricades with flashers etc.
 Colorimetric tubes for toxic substances
 Heat Index Device
 Chest or full body harness
 Wristlets

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 Basket, backboard, etc

 First aid kits
 Portable radio with corresponding frequencies
 Portable telephones and list of emergency numbers
 Air horn
 Hand Signals
 Rope signals
 Ground fault circuit interrupters
 Double insulated portable power tools
 Non-ferrous hand tools
 Water Cans (Electrolyte drinks or Cold water to prevent dehydration)
Before accessing a confined space with possible presence of TENORM, it is necessary to take a sample of the material
inside to be subjected to an adequate radiometric characterization in order to:

 carry out a preventive "dose assessment" for personnel who must perform the activities;
 adopt the necessary prevention and protection measures in relation to the specific scenario.

At the minimum on SCBA and fire extinguisher to be located by the Attendant (Observer).

5.5.3 Communications
Communication of the intent to work in a confined space, while working in a confined space, and after completing
work in a confined space are critical to ensure a safe environment and improve the next confined space entry.

 A method of communication shall be provided between the authorized entrant and the attendant (observer)
throughout the duration of the entry.
 Each authorized entrant and attendant shall know the use of specific communication methods used in a specific
confined space entry job.

The following shall be considered in selecting a method of communication:

 Noise level
 Distance between attendant and authorized entrant
 Configuration of the confined space

Method of communication can include:

 Voice communications
 Portable radios (intrinsically safe for the atmosphere)
 Signals (such as tapping on the tank walls or tugging the rope)
 Visual observation

5.5.4 For Rescue Personnel

Equipment required for rescue team, in add at usual emergency equipment, shall include the following but is not
limited:

 30 minutes SCBA set for each rescue team member

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 Stretcher system allowing removal of the incapacitated entrant safely and allowing access in variable positions;
 Communications equipment to maintain contact with attendant to allow them to be summoned without the
attendant leaving the entrance of the confined space.
 Confined Space Tripod kit where necessary

5.6 Respiratory Protection

Dependent upon the type and concentration of contaminants potentially present in the confined space, respiratory
protection may range from a simple cartridge respirator to air-supplied respiratory equipment.

When the level of airborne contaminants is beyond the filtration capability of a respirator, or where there is an oxygen
deficiency, or toxic gas, then breathing apparatus must be used.

5.6.1 Breathing Air Standards

The need to ensure a continued provision of good quality breathing air relies on regular changing of air filters and
maintenance of dryers, supported by periodical analysis of the breathing air supply.

Breathing air shall conform to European standards or to similar internationally recognized standards.

5.6.2 Air Line Mask

Airline breathing apparatus shall be approved and conform European standards or to a similar internationally
recognized standard. A full-face mask enables the wearer to work for long periods in harmful atmospheres, whilst
breathing air is supplied by either portable air compressors fitted with reservoir air tanks, or a battery of compressed
air bottles.

5.6.3 Using Portable Air Compressors

Where no compressed air bottle supply is available, portable air compressors having a reservoir air tank may be used.
In such cases:

 The air intake(s) of the compressor shall be upwind of any known source of contamination to ensure clear air
is being fed to the user (a windsock indicating wind direction should be flown in the vicinity of the intake to the
compressor).
 The system of air supply employed should incorporate a receiver of sufficient capacity to enable persons to
escape from an irrespirable atmosphere in the event of a failure of the compressor supplying the air.

The air shall be passed through suitable filters to remove excess moisture and oil mist.

To ensure that an adequate supply of air is available and being received by the wearers, a suitably competent person
must be appointed who is responsible for checking the pressure in the air receiver, and for ensuring the filters are
functioning properly.

5.6.4 Self Contained Air Breathing Apparatus (SCABA)

SCABA shall conform to European standards or to a similar internationally recognized standard. These sets are
provided where a portable supply of air is required for a short period of time.

The air for this apparatus is supplied under pressure either from compressed air cylinders carried by the wearer or
from trolley sets.

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5.6.5 Escape Breathing Apparatus

Any person entering a confined space using an airline Breathing Apparatus or a SCBA set shall be provided with an
Escape Breathing Apparatus set for 10 minutes escape time in case of external exposure to toxic atmosphere ( e.g.
H2S ) .All persons required to use breathing apparatus shall receive initial training and refresher training at due
intervals

5.7 Power back up systems and maintenance program

Power back up systems and maintenance programs must be provided to guarantee proper operation, respectively in
case of a power failure and under normal operating conditions, of all critical equipment within the framework of the
Procedures, such as forced ventilation equipment, portable compressors, air supply system and related filters,
motorized emergency recovery equipment, etc.

5.8 Confined space training requirements

EIBV/ZFOD and its contractors including subcontractors, shall provide training to all employees who are likely to be
involved in confined space entry to ensure that they have the understanding, knowledge and skills required to
perform their duties in a safe manner.

 The employee orientation training provided to each employee upon initial assignment to a project or to an
operating plant shall include sufficient instruction to prevent unauthorized entry into a confined space.
 A formal classroom training session shall be successfully completed by employees prior to initial assignment
as an Entrant, and/or Performing and Issuing Authority for confined space operations.
 Training content shall include site-specific, written Procedures, and general duties of Entrants, Attendants,
and/or Performing & Issuing Authority, Authorized gas tester, rescue protocol.
 They shall be trained on the Permit to Work procedures, isolation procedures, purging and/or ventilation
procedures.
 Refresher training should be completed on an annual basis.
 The training shall establish employee proficiency in their required duties and shall introduce new or revised
procedures, as necessary.
 Each training session shall be properly documented.

EIBV/ZFOD and contractors shall ensure that:

 All personnel with roles and tasks in planning, approval, execution and monitoring of entry into confined
spaces is trained in a language they easily understand, including, but not limited to Authorized entrants,
Confined Space attendants, Permit to Work Authorities, Authorized Gas Testers, emergency rescue team.
 Pictograms can be included in the PTW form to facilitate understanding of instructions and precautions
reported in the PTW.

5.8.1 Awareness level

This level of training is intended to familiarize all employees working in areas that contain confined spaces. This
training does not authorize employees to enter and work in confined spaces. The awareness level training shall
consist of the following elements:

 Familiarization of the confined space entry procedure

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 How to recognize a confined space (definition of confined space and confined space entry)
 Familiarization with the types of confined spaces in the area of operation.
 Potential dangers of confined spaces

5.8.2 Operational level

In addition to the awareness level, this level of training shall consist of the following elements:

 Confined space identification

 Hazard recognition
 Isolation of a confined space
 Purging of a confined space
 Operations that may affect confined space entry
 Roles and responsibilities of the attendant, authorizing supervisor, authorized entrant and contractor
representative
 When and how to summon rescue team
 Air monitoring/testing techniques
 Use of respiratory protective equipment
 Communication methods
 Permit to enter and work in confined spaces

5.8.3 Entry rescue level

In addition to operational level, this level of training shall consist of the following elements:

 Extrication and rescue techniques and procedures applicable to the confined space encountered (such as
high angle rescue, rope/knots/pulley systems)
 Use of applicable rescue equipment
 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and basic first aid

5.8.4 Certification
Training participants shall be able to demonstrate proficiency, knowledge and skills related to confined space entry
procedures and duties.

Respective personnel shall be certified in either awareness level, operational level, or entry rescue level once training
and competency has been attained. The certification must be kept on file and include:

 Employee’s name
 Date of Training competency
 Date of certification expiration
 Instructor’s name and signature

5.8.5 Briefing
The Authorized Supervisor and/or Contractor representative shall brief the authorized entrants at the conclusion of
the entry regarding procedures followed and any hazards confronted or created in the confined space entry
operations. The brief must be documented on the permit.

pro hse 024 Eni Iraq r00 Eni Iraq BV

This document is the property of Eni Iraq BV. All rights reserved. 30
PRO | Working in Confined Spaces

6. CHANGES MADE
no. of
Rev. Date Change Description Prep. Ver. Appr.
pages

M. Consiglio /
R. Toninelli R. Simonetti
00 December 2021 31 First issue for use. W. ElMahdy
M. Marconi L. Vailati /
A. Collina

7. RESPONSIBILITY FOR UPDATES

The units and positions involved in the activities described in this document are responsible for noting any events
affecting the EIBV/ZFOD’s operation, which may require these regulations to be updated. Such events are reported to
the HSE Department, which coordinates the updating of the document.

8. DOCUMENT FILING, STORAGE AND TRACEABILITY

The units and positions involved in the activities governed by this document shall ensure, each for the areas under its
responsibility, also through the IT systems in use, the traceability of the data and information and shall keep and file
all printed and/or electronic documents produced, so that all process phases may be properly tracked.

9. LIST OF ANNEXES

Annex A – Confined space entry process flow chart

Annex B – Confined space entry certificate
Annex C – Confined Space Entry Logsheet
Annex D – Mechanical isolation certificate
Annex E – Electrical isolation certificate form
Annex F – Cold work permit
Annex G – Hot work permit
Annex H – Toolbox talk
Annex I – Confined space checklist

pro hse 024 Eni Iraq r00 Eni Iraq BV

This document is the property of Eni Iraq BV. All rights reserved. 31