สารบัญ

º··Õè 1 Article º··Õè 8 Relative Pronoun

1. Indefinite Article 7 1. Relative Pronoun ·Õè 㪌¡Ñº¤¹ 85
2. Definite Article (The) 9 2. Relative Pronoun ·Õè 㪌¡ÑºÊÔ觢ͧ 86
3. äÁ‹µŒÍ§ãÊ‹ Article 10 3. Relative Pronoun ·Õè 㪌¡Ñº¤íÒ¹ÒÁÍ×è¹æ 87

º··Õè 2 Parts of Speech º··Õè 9 Question tag

1. Noun (¤íÒ¹ÒÁ) 13 Question tag 89
2. Pronoun (¤íÒÊÃþ¹ÒÁ) 16
3. Verb (¤íÒ¡ÃÔÂÒ) 18 º··Õè 10 Conditional Sentence
4. Adjective (¤íҤسÈѾ·) 20 1. à§×Íè ¹ä¢·Õè 0 (à§×Íè ¹ä¢·Õè໚¹¤ÇÒÁ¨ÃÔ§) 94
5. Adverb (¤íÒ¡ÃÔÂÒÇÔ àÈɳ) 20 2. à§×è͹䢷Õè 1 (à§×è͹䢷Õè໚¹ä»ä´Œ 95
6. Preposition (¤íҺؾº·) 21 ã¹Í¹Ò¤µ)
7. Conjunction (¤íÒÊѹ¸Ò¹) 22 3. à§×è͹䢷Õè 2 (à§×è͹䢷Õè໚¹ä»äÁ‹ä´Œ 96
8. Interjection (¤íÒÍØ·Ò¹) 26 ã¹»˜¨¨ØºÑ¹)
4. à§×è͹䢷Õè 3 (à§×è͹䢷Õè໚¹ä»äÁ‹ä´Œ 97
º··Õè 3 Sentence ã¹Í´Õ µ)
1. â¤Ã§ÊÌҧ¢Í§»ÃÐ⤠30 5. à§×è͹䢷Õè 4 (à§×è͹䢼ÊÁ) 98
2. ª¹Ô´¢Í§»ÃÐ⤠31
º··Õè 11 Conjunction
º··Õè 4 Subject-Verb Agreement 1. Coordinating Conjunction 101
Subject-Verb Agreement 36 2. Correlative Conjunction 105
3. Subordinating Conjunction 107
º··Õè 5 Verb
1. Finite Verb (¡ÃÔÂÒá·Œ) 45 º··Õè 12 Comparison
2. Non-Finite Verb (¡ÃÔÂÒäÁ‹á·Œ) 48 1. ¡ÒÃà»ÃÕºà·Õº¢Ñé¹à·‹ÒËÃ×Í¢Ñ鹸ÃÃÁ´Ò 119
(Positive Degree)
º··Õè 6 Tense 2. ¡ÒÃà»ÃÕºà·Õº¢Ñé¹¡Ç‹Ò 120
1. Present Tense (»˜¨¨ØºÑ¹) 59 (Comparative Degree)
2. Past Tense (Í´Õ µ) 67 3. ¡ÒÃà»ÃÕºà·Õº¢Ñé¹ÊÙ§ÊØ´ 121
3. Future Tense (͹Ҥµ) 72 (Superlative Degree)
4. â¤Ã§ÊÌҧ¾ÔàÈÉ 122
º··Õè 7 Active & Passive Voice (The + more, the + more)
1. Active Voice 79
2. Passive Voice 80
3. ¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹ Active Voice ໚¹ 80
Passive Voice

page_1-234.indd 4 2/21/20 11:26 AM

 º··Õè 13 Quantifiers
1. some/any 126 4. Sick (¤ÇÒÁà¨çº»†ÇÂ) 191
2. a few/few/a little/little 128 5. Cheer up (¡ÒÃãËŒ¡íÒÅѧã¨) 192
3. many/much 129 6. Asking & Giving Direction 194
4. each/every 130 (¡ÒöÒÁ·Ò§ËÃ×Í¡Òú͡·Ò§)
5. all/none/no 131 7. Asking & Giving Advice 196
6. lots of/a lot of/plenty of 132 (¡ÒâÍËÃ×ÍãËŒ¤íÒá¹Ð¹íÒ)
7. both/either/neither 134 8. Wishing (¡ÒÃÍǾÃ) 197
8. a number of/a quantity of/ 135 9. Goodbye (¡Òú͡ÅÒ) 198
an amount of/a deal of
º··Õè 19 ÍÀÔ¸Ò¹ÈѾ·
º··Õè 14 Phrasal Verb 1. Weather (ÊÀÒ¾ÍÒ¡ÒÈ) 202
1. µíÒá˹‹§¡ÒÃÇÒ§¡ÃÃÁ¡Ñº Phrasal Verb 138 2. Family (¤Ãͺ¤ÃÑÇ) 203
2. Phrasal Verb ·ÕèÁÑ¡ÍÍ¡Êͺ 140 3. Parts of Body (ʋǹµ‹Ò§æ ¢Í§Ã‹Ò§¡ÒÂ) 205
4. Vegetable & Fruit (¼Ñ¡áÅмÅäÁŒ) 207
º··Õè 15 Prefix/Suffix 5. Food & Drinks (ÍÒËÒÃáÅÐà¤Ã×èͧ´×èÁ) 210
1. Prefix 155 6. Animal (ÊѵǏ) 213
2. Suffix 161 7. Classroom Objects 217
(ÍØ»¡Ã³ ã¹ËŒÍ§àÃÕ¹)
º··Õè 16 Verb Conjugation 8. In town (àÁ×ͧ) 219
1. Base Form 167 9. In space (ÍÇ¡ÒÈ) 220
2. Regular Verb 168 10. Sports (¡ÕÌÒ) 222
3. Irregular Verb 169 11. Pollution & Green World 223
(ÁÅÀÒÇÐáÅÐâÅ¡ÊÕà¢Õ ÂÇ)
º··Õè 17 Word stress in English 12. Hobby (§Ò¹Í´Ôàá) 225
1. ËÅÑ¡¡ÒùѺ¾ÂÒ§¤¢Í§¤íÒ·Õè¤ÇÃÃÙŒ 177 13. Job (ÍÒªÕ ¾) 227
2. ËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃ์¹àÊÕ§¤íÒã¹ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ 177 14. Travelling (¡Ò÷‹Í§à·ÕèÂÇ) 229
15. Festivals (à·È¡ÒÅ) 231
º··Õè 18 Conversation
1. Greeting (¡ÒÃ·Ñ ¡·ÒÂ) 182
2. Introduction (¡ÒÃá¹Ð¹íÒµÑÇ) 185
3. Describing People 188
(¡ÒÃ͸ԺÒÂÅѡɳТͧºØ¤¤Å)

page_1-234.indd 5 2/21/20 11:28 AM

 01
º··Õè
Article

a an the

page_1-234.indd 6 2/20/20 11:21 AM

 º··Õè
Lecture ÊÃػࢌÁÍѧ¡ÄÉ »ÃжÁ 01
Article
Article ¤×Í ¤íÒ¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ à¾×Íè ºÍ¡Ç‹Ò¤íÒ¹ÒÁàËŋҹѹé ໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁàÍ¡¾¨¹
(ÁÕÍ¹Ñ à´ÕÂÇ) ËÃ×ͤíÒ¹ÒÁ¾ËÙ¾¨¹ (ÁÕËÅÒÂÍѹ) ÃÇÁ件֧à¾×Íè ºÍ¡Ç‹Ò¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹Ñ¹é
໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·ÑèÇä»ËÃ×ͪÕé ੾ÒÐÍÕ¡´ŒÇÂ
Article ẋ§Í͡໚¹ 2 »ÃÐàÀ· 䴌ᡋ Indefinite Article (äÁ‹ªÕé ੾ÒÐà¨ÒШ§)
áÅÐ Definite Article (ªÕé ੾ÒÐà¨ÒШ§)

1. Indefinite Article
Indefinite Article ¤×Í ¤íÒ¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õè äÁ‹ªÕé ੾ÒÐà¨ÒШ§ ËÃ×ͤíÒ¹ÒÁ
àÍ¡¾¨¹·Ñè Çä» ÁÕ 2 µÑÇ ¤×Í a áÅÐ an «Ö觷íÒ˹ŒÒ·Õè¤ÅŒÒ¡ѹ

1.1 a
a Í‹Ò¹Ç‹Ò อะ ¤×Í ¤íÒ¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁàÍ¡¾¨¹·Ñè Çä»·ÕèÁÕ 1 ªÔé¹ áÅÐ໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õè
¢Öé¹µŒ¹´ŒÇÂàÊÕ§¾ÂÑÞª¹Ð ÁÕÇÔ ¸Õ¡ÒÃ㪌§Ò¹´Ñ§¹Õé
1) ÍÂÙË‹ ¹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁàÍ¡¾¨¹ áÅеŒÍ§à»š¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õè ¹ºÑ ä´Œ ઋ¹ a pencil, a table
(a water à¾ÃÒйíéҹѺäÁ‹ä´Œ)
2) ¡ÒáŋÒǶ֧໚¹¤Ãѧé áá ᵋËÒ¡ÁÕ¡ÒáŋÒÇ¢Ö¹é ໚¹¤ÃÑ§é ·ÕèÊͧ ¨Ð㪌 the á·¹
ઋ¹ A cat is very cute. The cat is named ‘Meaw’.
3) äÁ‹ä´Œà¨ÒШ§à»š¹¾ÔàÈÉ àª‹¹ A cat is my favorite pet. ( A white cat
named Lucy is my favorite cat. à¾ÃÒÐÁÕ¡ÒÃà¨ÒШ§Ç‹ÒáÁÇÊÕ¢ÒÇáÅЪ×èÍÅÙ«)èÕ
4) ¡ÒÃáÊ´§Ë¹‹Ç ÃÒ¤Ò àÇÅÒ ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ ÊѴʋǹµ‹Ò§æ ઋ¹ 120 miles an hour,
3 times a week
5) ÍÂً˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õèº ‹§ºÍ¡ÍÒªÕ ¾ËÃ×ÍÊÑÞªÒµÔ àª‹¹ I am a teacher. I am
a German.

page_1-234.indd 7 2/20/20 11:21 AM

 º··Õè
01 Lecture ÊÃػࢌÁÍѧ¡ÄÉ »ÃжÁ

1.2 an
an Í‹Ò¹Ç‹Ò แอน 㪌àËÁ×͹¡Ñº a ᵋà¾ÔÁè àµÔÁ¤×Í ÍÂÙË‹ ¹ŒÒàÊÕ§ÊÃÐËÃ×ͤíÒ·ÕÍè Í¡àÊÕ§
Í Í‹Ò§ ઋ¹ an ant (á͹ á͍¹·), an egg (á͹ à͍¡), an ice bucket
(á͹ äÍ« ºÑ¤à¡çµ), an orange (á͹ ÍÍàÃŒ¹¨), an umbrella (á͹ ÍÑÁàºÃÅÅ‹Ò)
อยาสับสน! ºÒ§¤íÒ·ÕèÁÕÃÙ»ÊÃТÖé¹µŒ¹áµ‹äÁ‹ä´ŒÍÍ¡àÊÕ§ ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ an ¨ÐäÁ‹ÇÒ§äÇŒ
˹ŒÒ¤íÒ·ÕèÁÕÊÃÐ (a, e, i, o, u) ઋ¹ a university ¤íÒ¹ÕÍé Í¡àÊÕÂ§Ç‹Ò ยูนเิ วอซิตี้
á»ÅÇ‹Ò ÁËÒÇÔ ·ÂÒÅÑ ´Ñ§¹Ñ鹨֧໚¹ a à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡àÊÕ§·ÕèÍÍ¡äÁ‹ãª‹àÊÕ§ Í Í‹Ò§
¹Ñè¹àͧ
¹Í¡¨Ò¡¹ÕÂé §Ñ ÁÕ¤Òí ·Õè äÁ‹ä´Œ¢¹Öé µŒ¹´ŒÇÂÊÃРᵋ¡ÅѺÍÍ¡àÊÕ§ Í Í‹Ò§ ઋ¹ an hour
á»ÅÇ‹Ò 1 ªÑÇè âÁ§ ÍÍ¡àÊÕÂ§Ç‹Ò แอน อาวเออร äÁ‹ä´ŒÍÍ¡àÊÕÂ§Ç‹Ò á͹ ÎÒÇàÍÍÏ
´Ñ§¹Ñ¹é àÁ×Íè ¤íÒ˹ŒÒÍÍ¡àÊÕ§´ŒÇÂ Í Í‹Ò§ àÃÒ¨Ö§µŒÍ§ãªŒ an ¹Ñè¹àͧ

ควรจํา!
Not Used (ขอหามใช): a/an
ËŒÒÁ㪌¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¾ËÙ¾¨¹ ઋ¹ a books, an eggs
ËŒÒÁ㪌¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹ÑºäÁ‹ä ´ŒËÃ× Í¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹ÒÁ¸ÃÃÁ ઋ¹
an water, a friendship (ÁÔµÃÀÒ¾ = ¹ÑºäÁ‹ä ´Œ),
an honesty (¤ÇÒÁ«×èÍÊѵ = ¹ÑºäÁ‹ä´Œ)
ËŒÒÁ㪌¡Ñº¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·ÕèÁÕ¤íÒ¹íÒ˹ŒÒµÑÇÍ×è¹ÍÂÙ‹áÅŒÇ àª‹¹ ¤íÒáÊ´§
¤ÇÒÁ໚¹à¨ŒÒ¢Í§ ¤íÒªÕé੾ÒÐ ¨íҹǹµÑÇàÅ¢ ઋ¹ a His car,
a This school, an One person

page_1-234.indd 8 2/26/20 9:35 AM

 º··Õè
Lecture ÊÃػࢌÁÍѧ¡ÄÉ »ÃжÁ 01
2. Definite Article (the)
Definite Article (the) ¤×Í ¤íÒ¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·ÕèªÕé ੾ÒÐà¨ÒШ§ äÁ‹ãª‹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ
·Ñè Çä» ÁÕµÑÇà´Õ ÂǤ×ͤíÒÇ‹Ò the Í‹Ò¹Ç‹Ò เดอะ ËÃ×Í ดิ
¶ŒÒ㪌¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õè¢Öé¹µŒ¹´ŒÇÂàÊÕ§¾ÂÑÞª¹Ð Í‹Ò¹Ç‹Ò เดอะ
¶ŒÒ㪌¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õè¢Öé¹µŒ¹´ŒÇÂàÊÕ§ÊÃÐËÃ×ͤíÒ·ÕèÍÍ¡àÊÕ§ Í Í‹Ò§ Í‹Ò¹Ç‹Ò ดิ
¡ÒÃ㪌 the ÁÕÇÔ ¸Õ¡ÒÃ㪌§Ò¹ ´Ñ§¹Õé
1) ÁÕ˹Öè§à´Õ ÂÇã¹âÅ¡ ઋ¹ the moon (´Ç§¨Ñ ¹·Ã), the sun (´Ç§ÍҷԵ),
the earth ( âÅ¡) (¶ŒÒ the ÍÂً˹ŒÒàÊÕ§ÊÃÐ àÃÒÍÍ¡àÊÕÂ§Ç‹Ò ดิ ¤íÒ¹Õ¨é Ö§
Í‹Ò¹Ç‹Ò ดิ เอิรธ)
2) ¡Å‹ÒǶ֧໚¹¤ÃÑ駷ÕèÊͧ ઋ¹ Harry falls in love with Janie. The man
plans to marry the woman. (The man ËÁÒ¶֧ Harry áÅÐ the
woman ËÁÒ¶֧ Janie ¹Ñè¹àͧ)
3) àÁ×è͵ŒÍ§¡Òþٴ¶Ö§ÊÔ觷Õè੾ÒÐà¨ÒШ§ÁÒ¡¢Öé¹·íÒä´Œâ´Â¡ÒÃàµÔÁÇÅÕ¢ÂÒÂࢌÒä»
ઋ¹ The cat named Lucy = áÁÇ·Õèª×èÍÅÙ«Õè ( 㪌 the à¾ÃÒÐÁÕ¡ÒÃàµÔÁÇÅÕ¢ÂÒÂ
(named Lucy) áÅÐ੾ÒÐà¨ÒШ§ äÁ‹ãª‹á¤‹áÁǸÃÃÁ´Òæ µÑÇ˹Öè§)
4) 㪌àÃÕ¡¡ÅØ‹Á¤¹ â´Â¡ÒÃàµÔÁ the ¢ŒÒ§Ë¹ŒÒ¤íҤسÈѾ· (Adjective) ઋ¹
the rich (¤¹ÃÇÂ), the poor (¤¹¨¹)
5) 㪌¹íÒ˹ŒÒª×è Í ·ÐàÅ áÁ‹¹íéÒ ÀÙà¢Ò ËÁÙ‹à¡ÒÐ áÅлÃÐà·È·ÕèÍÂÙ‹ã¹ÃÙ»¾ËÙ¾¨¹
ઋ¹ the Pacific Ocean (ÁËÒÊÁØ·ÃừԿ¡ ), the Thames (áÁ‹¹Òíé à·Áʏ),
the Andes (à·×Í¡à¢Òá͹´ÕÊ), the Netherlands (»ÃÐà·Èà¹à¸ÍÏᏴ),
the Philippines (»ÃÐà·È¿ÅÔ»»¹Ê)

ควรจํา!
ª×è Í੾ÒÐ㪌µÑÇÍÑ¡ÉõÑÇáá໚¹µÑÇãËÞ‹
»ÃÐà·È·Õè ໚¹¾ËÙ¾¨¹ ¤×Í»ÃÐà·È·Õè à¡Ô´¨Ò¡ËÁÙ‹à¡ÒÐ
ËÅÒÂæ à¡ÒРઋ¹ ¿ÅÔ»»¹Ê ËÃ× ÍËÅÒÂæ ¨Ñ §ËÇÑ´
ã¹à¹à¸ÍÏᏴ

page_1-234.indd 9 2/20/20 11:21 AM

 º··Õè
01 Lecture ÊÃػࢌÁÍѧ¡ÄÉ »ÃжÁ

6) ÅíҴѺ·Õè ઋ¹ the first, the second, the third, the fourth
7) ª‹Ç§àÇÅÒµ‹Ò§æ ઋ¹ in the past ( ã¹Í´Õ µ), in the morning ( 㹪‹Ç§àªŒÒ),
in the afternoon ( 㹪‹Ç§¡ÅÒ§Çѹ) (Í‹Ò¹Ç‹Ò อิน ดิ อาฟเตอรนูน à¾ÃÒÐ
the ¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õè ¢Öé¹µŒ¹´ŒÇÂàÊÕ§ÊÃÐ) ᵋºÒ§ª‹Ç§àÇÅҢͧÇѹ¡ç äÁ‹ãªŒ
the ᵋ¨Ð㪌 at ઋ¹ at noon, at night
8) µÃСÙŠઋ¹ the Jirathiwats (µÃСÙŨÔÃÒ¸ÔÇ²Ñ ¹), the Smiths, the Bonds
(ÊѧࡵNjҪ×è ͵ÃСÙŨÐàµÔÁ s àÊÁÍ à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡ÁÕËÅÒ¤¹)
9) ¡ÒÃà»ÃÕºà·Õ º¢Ñé¹ÊÙ§ÊØ´ ઋ¹ »ÃÐà·È·Õè ãËÞ‹·Õè ÊØ´ã¹âÅ¡ ¤×Í »ÃÐà·È
ÃÑÊà«Õ àÃÒ¨Ö§¾Ù´ä´ŒÇ‹Ò The largest country in the world is Russia.
(largest ¤×Í¡Òú͡NjÒãËÞ‹·ÕèÊØ´ «Öè§à»š¹¡ÒÃà»ÃÕºà·Õº¢Ñé¹ÊÙ§ÊØ´)
10) ·ÔÈ·Ò§ ઋ¹ the north (·ÔÈ à˹×Í), the east (·ÔȵÐÇѹÍÍ¡), the west
(·ÔȵÐÇѹµ¡), the south (·ÔÈ㵌)

ควรจํา!
Not Used (ขอหามใช): the
ËŒÒÁ㪌¹íÒ˹ŒÒ»ÃÐà·ÈËÃ×ÍàÁ×ͧ ઋ¹ the Thailand
ËŒÒÁ㪌¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹ÒÁ¸ÃÃÁËÃ×ꬄ ºµŒÍ§äÁ‹ä ´Œ (¡àÇŒ¹
¶ŒÒÁÕ¡ÒÃ੾ÒÐà¨ÒШ§) ઋ¹ The honesty of telling the
truth is better to do. (à¾ÃÒÐ truth á»ÅÇ‹Ò ¤ÇÒÁ¨ÃÔ§
¹ÑºäÁ‹ä´Œ ¨Ñ ºµŒÍ§äÁ‹ä´Œ ¨Ö§à»š¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹ÒÁ¸ÃÃÁ)

3. ไมตองใส Article
¤íÒ¹ÒÁºÒ§¤íÒäÁ‹µŒÍ§¡ÒäíÒ¹íÒ˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ ãËŒàÇŒ¹Ç‹Ò§ä»àÅ 䴌ᡋ
1) ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹ÑºäÁ‹ä´ŒáÅФíÒ¹ÒÁ¾ËÙ¾¨¹ (·Õè äÁ‹ªÕé ੾ÒÐ) ઋ¹
Butter goes well with sugar. (Butter á»ÅÇ‹Ò à¹Â ໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹ÑºäÁ‹ä´Œ)
I want to eat apples. (apple àµÔÁ s ໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¾ËÙ¾¨¹)

10

page_1-234.indd 10 2/20/20 11:22 AM

 º··Õè
Lecture ÊÃػࢌÁÍѧ¡ÄÉ »ÃжÁ 01
2) ª×è ͤ¹ ˹ѧÊ×Í ÇÔ ªÒ ÀÒÉÒ àª‹¹
I have read Harry Potter. (Harry Potter ໚¹ª×è Í˹ѧÊ×ÍáÅЪ×è ͤ¹)
English is my favorite subject. (English á»ÅÇ‹Ò ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ à»š¹
ª×è ÍÇÔ ªÒ ª×è ÍÀÒÉÒ)
I am good at Physics. (Physics á»ÅÇ‹Ò ÇÔ ªÒ¿Êԡʏ ໚¹ª×è ÍÇÔ ªÒ)
3) ª×è Íʶҹ·Õè àÁ×ͧ ¶¹¹ »ÃÐà·È ·ÇÕ» ઋ¹ Thailand, Chicago, Asia,
Khaosan road ยกเวนประเทศเหลานี้ The United States of America,
The United Kingdom, The Netherlands, The Czech Republic,
The Philippines, The Irish Republic à¾ÃÒÐà¡Ô´¨Ò¡ÃÑ° à¡ÒÐ ËÃ×ͨѧËÇÑ´
ãËÞ‹æ ÃÇÁ¡Ñ¹¨¹à»š¹»ÃÐà·È ¹Í¡¨Ò¡¹Õé ¤íÒÇ‹Ò kingdom, state, republic
áÅÐ union µ‹Ò§à»š¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ «Ö觵ŒÍ§¡Òà Article (The) ·Ñé §ÊÔé¹
4) ª×è Í¡ÕÌÒ ËÃ×Íà¡Á ઋ¹ I love to play football and ROV.
(©Ñ¹ÃÑ¡¡ÒÃàÅ‹¹¿ØµºÍÅáÅÐà¡Á ROV)
5) Á×éÍÍÒËÒà ઋ¹ Everybody has breakfast in the morning.
(·Ø¡æ ¤¹·Ò¹ÍÒËÒÃઌÒ㹵͹ઌÒ)
6) Çѹ à´×͹ »‚ ઋ¹
I want to talk to him on Sunday.
(©Ñ¹µŒÍ§¡ÒäØ¡Ѻ à¢ÒÇѹÍҷԵ)
I was born on January.
(©Ñ¹à¡Ô´ã¹à´×͹Á¡ÃÒ¤Á)
7) âäÀÑÂ䢌à¨çº ઋ¹ In 1986, many people died from AIDS.
( ã¹»‚ 1986 »ÃЪҪ¹ËÅÒ¤¹µÒ´ŒÇÂâäàʹʏ)

11

page_1-234.indd 11 2/20/20 11:22 AM

 02
º··Õè
Parts of Speech

WOW!

N. Verb
Adj. Obj.

page_1-234.indd 12 2/26/20 9:35 AM

 º··Õè
Lecture ÊÃػࢌÁÍѧ¡ÄÉ »ÃжÁ 02
Parts of Speech
Part á»ÅÇ‹Ò Ê‹Ç¹Ë¹Öè§ËÃ×Í»ÃÐàÀ· Speech á»ÅÇ‹Ò ¤íÒËÃ×ͤíÒ¾Ù´ àÁ×è͹íÒÁÒ
ÃÇÁ¡Ñ¹¨Ö§á»ÅÇ‹Ò »ÃÐàÀ·ËÃ×ͪ¹Ô´¢Í§¤íÒµ‹Ò§æ 㹤íÒ¾Ù´ËÃ×Í»ÃÐâ¤
Parts of Speech ໚¹àÃ×èͧ¾×é¹°Ò¹·ÕèÊíÒ¤ÑÞ·ÕèÊØ´ à¾ÃÒзíÒãËŒàÃÒá¡áÂÐáÅÐ
ÃкØ˹ŒÒ·Õè ÃÇÁ¶Ö§µíÒá˹‹§¢Í§¤íÒµ‹Ò§æ ã¹»ÃÐâ¤䴌Í‹ҧ§‹Ò´Ò จําไววา
คําทุกคําจะตองมีหนาที่ของมันเสมอ
Parts of Speech ẋ § ä´Œ ໚ ¹ 8 »ÃÐàÀ· ä´Œ á ¡‹ Noun (¤í Ò ¹ÒÁ),
Pronoun (¤íÒÊÃþ¹ÒÁ), Verb (¤íÒ¡ÃÔÂÒ), Adjective (¤íҤسÈѾ·), Adverb
(¤íÒ¡ÃÔÂÒÇÔ àÈɳ), Preposition (¤íҺؾº·), Conjunction (¤íÒÊѹ¸Ò¹) áÅÐ
Interjection (¤íÒÍØ·Ò¹)

1. Noun (คํานาม)
คํานาม ¤×Í ¤íÒ·Õè 㪌àÃÕ¡¤¹ ÊѵǏ ÊÔ觢ͧ ʶҹ·Õè áÅÐÊÔ觵‹Ò§æ
¨íÒ§‹ÒÂæ ¤×Í ¶ŒÒÊÒÁÒöÃкت×è ÍÊÔ§è ä˹䴌 ¤íÒ¹Ñ¹é ¡ç໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ ઋ¹ »Ò¡¡Ò ´Ô¹ÊÍ
à¡ŒÒÍÕé ºŒÒ¹ ˌͧ¤ÃÑÇ ÍÒËÒà ÊÁÈÃÕ ¾Õè ÂÕ¹µ ÁÒÅÕ แต! ¤íÒ·Õè äÁ‹ÊÒÁÒöÃкØ
ª×èÍàÃÕ¡䴌 ઋ¹ à¢Ò à¸Í µÃ§¹Ñ¹é ·ÕèáË‹§¹Õé ¹Ñè¹ ¹Õè ºÒ§àÇÅÒ ¤íÒàËŋҹѹé ไม ใชคาํ นาม

ควรจํา!
¶ŒÒ໚¹ª×è ͤ¹¨Ð¢Öé¹µŒ¹´ŒÇµÑÇãËÞ‹àÊÁÍ àª‹¹ Peter, Tor,
Sprite ÃÇÁ¶Ö§¹ÒÁÊ¡ØÅ´ŒÇ ઋ¹ Miss Laliporn Wittayasak,
Manee Meena

¤íÒ¹ÒÁẋ§Í͡໚¹ 2 »ÃÐàÀ·ãËÞ‹æ ¤×Í คํานามที่เปนรูปธรรม (ÊÒÁÒö

¨Ñ ºµŒÍ§ä´Œ ËÃ×ÍàËç¹à»š¹ªÔé¹à»š¹Íѹ) áÅÐคํานามที่เปนนามธรรม (äÁ‹ÊÒÁÒö
¨Ñ ºµŒÍ§ä´Œ ËÃ×ÍÁͧäÁ‹àËç¹à»š¹ªÔé¹à»š¹Íѹ)

13

page_1-234.indd 13 2/26/20 9:36 AM

 º··Õè
02 Lecture ÊÃػࢌÁÍѧ¡ÄÉ »ÃжÁ

คํานามรูปธรรม (จับตองได) ઋ¹ pen, pencil, book, telephone, apple,

hair, eye
คํานามนามธรรม (จับตองไมได) ઋ¹ love (¤ÇÒÁÃÑ¡), freedom (ÍÔÊÃÀÒ¾),
education (¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ), secret (¤ÇÒÁÅѺ), friendship (ÁÔµÃÀÒ¾)
¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Ñé § 2 »ÃÐàÀ· ÊÒÁÒöá¡䴌໚¹ 2 ÃٻẺµÒÁËÅÑ¡äÇÂҡó 䴌ᡋ
คํานามนับได (Countable Noun) áÅÐคํานามนับไมได (Uncountable Noun)

1.1 คํานามนับได
¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹Ñºä´Œ (Countable Noun) ¤×Í ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·ÕèÁÕÍѹà´Õ ÂÇ (1 ªÔé¹) เรี ยกวา
คํานามเอกพจน (Singular Noun) ËÃ×ÍÁÕËÅÒÂÍѹ (ÁÒ¡¡Ç‹Ò 1 ªÔé¹) àÃÕ¡NjÒ
คํานามพหูพจน (Plural Noun)
คํานามเอกพจนมี a, an อยูขางหนา¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹Ñé¹ áÅÐไมเติม -s ทายคํา ઋ¹
a pen, a pencil, a bus, an apple, an elephant
คํานามพหูพจน ไมมี a, an อยูขางหนา¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹Ñé¹ áÅÐเติม -s หรื อ -es
ที่ทายคํา ઋ¹ pens, pencils, buses, apples, elephants
ËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹คํานามเอกพจนãˌ໚¹คํานามพหูพจน Áմѧ¹Õé
1) ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·ÑèÇä»àµÔÁ -s ·Õè·ÒŒ ¤íÒ¹ÒÁä´ŒàÅ ઋ¹ books, lions, shops, chairs
2) ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õèŧ·ŒÒ´ŒÇ s, ss, sh, ch, x, z àµÔÁ -es ·Õè·ÒŒ ¤íÒ¹ÒÁä´ŒàÅ ઋ¹
buses, kisses, matches (äÁŒ¢Õ ´ä¿ËÅÒ¡ŒÒ¹), boxes
3) ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õèŧ·ŒÒ´ŒÇ y ãËŒà»ÅÕÂè ¹ y ໚¹ i áÅŒÇàµÔÁ -es ઋ¹ lady ໚¹
ladies, baby ໚¹ babies
4) ¶ŒÒ໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õèŧ·ŒÒ´ŒÇ y ᵋ˹ŒÒ y ໚¹ÊÃÐ (a, e, i, o, u) ãËŒàµÔÁ -s
·Õ跌ҤíÒ¹ÒÁä´ŒàÅ ઋ¹ days, keys, boys
5) ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õèŧ·ŒÒ´ŒÇÂÊÃÐ o ÊÒÁÒöàµÔÁä´Œ·éѧ -s áÅÐ -es ᵋâ´Â·ÑèÇ仨Ð
àµÔÁ -es ä´ŒàÅ ઋ¹ tomatoes, potatoes ã¹¢³Ð·Õè¤íÒ·ÕèÁÕÊÃÐ˹ŒÒ o ¡ç¨Ð
àµÔÁ -s ä´ŒàÅ ઋ¹ video ໚¹ videos, zoo ໚¹ zoos ᵋ¡¨ç ÐÁÕºÒ§¤íÒ·Õè
äÁ‹ÁÊÕ ÃÐ˹ŒÒ o ¡çàµÔÁ -s ä´ŒàÅÂઋ¹¡Ñ¹ 䴌ᡋ pianos (ໂÂâ¹), photos
(ÃÙ»ÀÒ¾), memos (ºÑ¹·Ö¡)

14

page_1-234.indd 14 2/20/20 11:22 AM

 º··Õè
Lecture ÊÃػࢌÁÍѧ¡ÄÉ »ÃжÁ 02
6) ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õèŧ·ŒÒ´ŒÇ f ËÃ×Í fe ãËŒà»ÅÕè¹ f ËÃ×Í fe ໚¹ v áÅŒÇàµÔÁ -es
ઋ¹ leaf ໚¹ leaves ( ãºäÁŒ), loaf ໚¹ loaves (¡ŒÍ¹¢¹Á»˜§), knife
໚¹ knives (ÁÕ´), wife ໚¹ wives (ÀÃÃÂÒ)
7) ¤íÒ¹ÒÁºÒ§¤íÒÁÕ¡ÒÃà»ÅÕÂè ¹ÃÙ»àÁ×Íè à»ÅÕÂè ¹à»š¹¾ËÙ¾¨¹ ઋ¹ tooth ໚¹ teeth,
woman ໚¹ women (Í‹Ò¹Ç‹Ò ÇÕàÁÔè¹), child ໚¹ children, mouse ໚¹
mice (Í‹Ò¹Ç‹Ò äÁʏ)
8) ¤íÒ¹ÒÁºÒ§¤íÒäÁ‹à»ÅÕÂè ¹ÃÙ»àÁ×Íè à»ÅÕÂè ¹à»š¹¾ËÙ¾¨¹ 䴌ᡋ fish, deer, sheep,
salmon, catfish (»ÅÒ´Ø¡), herring (»ÅÒàÎÍÃÔ§), carp (»ÅÒ¤ÒÏ»),
cod (»ÅÒ¤çÍ´), swine (ËÁÙ) áÅÐ moose (¡ÇÒ§ÁÙÊ) ÊÑ§à¡µÇ‹Ò Ê‹Ç¹ãËÞ‹
¨Ð໚¹ÊѵǏµ‹Ò§æ áÅФíÒàËÅ‹Ò¹ÕÊé ÒÁÒöàµÔÁ -s ä´Œ ᵋ¤ÇÒÁËÁÒ¨ÐäÁ‹ãª‹
ÁÕËÅÒµÑÇ áµ‹¨ÐËÁÒ¶֧ÁÕËÅÒª¹Ô´ËÃ×ÍÁÕËÅÒÂ¾Ñ ¹¸Ø ઋ¹ fishes = »ÅÒ
ËÅÒª¹Ô´
9) ¤íÒ¹ÒÁºÒ§¤íÒÁÕª¹Ôé à´ÕÂÇᵋ¶Í× Ç‹Ò໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¾ËÙ¾¨¹ (ºÑ§¤ÑºàµÔÁ -s, -es àÊÁÍ
à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡µŒÍ§ÁÕ¤Ù‹) ઋ¹ pants
pant (¡Ò§à¡§), scissors (¡ÃÃä¡Ã), glasses
(áÇ‹¹µÒ), jeans (¡Ò§à¡§Âչʏ), pajamas (ªØ´¹Í¹) ÊѧࡵNjҤíÒ¹ÒÁàËÅ‹Ò¹Õé
໚¹ÊÔ觢ͧ·ÕèÁÕ¤Ù‹ËÃ×ÍÁÕ 2 ¢ŒÒ§ ઋ¹ ¡Ò§à¡§ÁÕ¢Ò 2 ¢ŒÒ§ ªØ ´¹Í¹ÁÕàÊ×é͹͹
¤Ù‹¡Ñº¡Ò§à¡§¹Í¹

1.2 คํานามนับไมได
¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹ÑºäÁ‹ä´Œ (Uncountable Noun) ¤×Í ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õè¶×ÍÇ‹ÒÁÕ¤‹Ò໚¹ÈٹáÅÐ
¨Ñ ´Ç‹Ò໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁàÍ¡¾¨¹
¢ŒÍÊѧࡵ¢Í§¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹ÑºäÁ‹ä´Œ Áմѧ¹Õé
1) ¨Ñ ºµŒÍ§äÁ‹ä´ŒËÃ×ÍäÁ‹ÊÒÁÒöÁͧàËç¹ä´Œ ઋ¹ love (¤ÇÒÁÃÑ¡ = ¨Ñ ºµŒÍ§äÁ‹ä´Œ
äÁ‹ÊÒÁÒöÁͧàËç¹ä´Œ), freedom (ÍÔÊÃÀÒ¾ = ¨Ñ ºµŒÍ§äÁ‹ä´Œ äÁ‹ÊÒÁÒö
ÁͧàËç¹ä´Œ), friendship (ÁÔµÃÀÒ¾ = ¨ÑºµŒÍ§äÁ‹ä´Œ äÁ‹ÊÒÁÒöÁͧàËç¹ä´Œ),
air (ÍÒ¡ÒÈ = ¨Ñ ºµŒÍ§äÁ‹ä´Œ), sunlight (áʧÍҷԵ = ¨Ñ ºµŒÍ§äÁ‹ä´Œ)
2) ÍÒ¨ÁͧàËç¹áÅÐ¨Ñ ºµŒÍ§ä´Œ ᵋ໚¹ªÔé¹àÅç¡æ áÅÐÁÕàÂÍÐÁÒ¡ ઋ¹ hair
(àÊŒ¹¼Á), eyebrow (¢¹¤ÔéÇ), salt (à¡Å×Í), sugar (¹íéÒµÒÅ), sand (·ÃÒÂ)

15

page_1-234.indd 15 2/21/20 11:33 AM

 º··Õè
02 Lecture ÊÃػࢌÁÍѧ¡ÄÉ »ÃжÁ

3) ໚¹¢Í§àËÅÇ àª‹¹ tea, water, cola, coffee, orange juice, milk แต!
¶ŒÒÍÂÒ¡¨ÐãËŒ¢Í§àËÅÇàËÅ‹Ò¹Õ¡é ÅÒÂ໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹Ñºä´Œ ãËŒàµÔÁÀÒª¹ÐºÃèØ
¢Í§àËÅǹÕàé ¢ŒÒä»ãËŒÊÒÁÒö¶×Íä´Œ ઋ¹ a cup of tea, a glass of water,
a bottle of milk
4) ÁÕʋǹ¼ÊÁËÅÒÂÍ‹ҧÃÇÁ໚¹à¹×éÍà´Õ ÂÇ àª‹¹ cake (ऌ¡ÁÕʋǹ¼ÊÁ¢Í§á»‡§
䢋 áÅйíÒé µÒÅ), chocolate (ªçÍ¡â¡áŵÁÕÊÇ‹ ¹¼ÊÁ¢Í§â¡â¡Œ 䢋 áÅйíÒé µÒÅ),
salad (ÊÅÑ´ÁÕʋǹ¼ÊÁ¢Í§¼Ñ¡µ‹Ò§æ áÅйíéÒÊÅÑ´) แต! ¶ŒÒÍÂÒ¡¨ÐãËŒ¢Í§·Õè
ÃÇÁ໚¹à¹×Íé à´ÕÂǹաé ÅÒÂ໚¹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹Ñºä´Œ ãËŒàµÔÁÀÒª¹ÐºÃèØࢌÒä»ãËŒÊÒÁÒö
¶×Íä´Œ ઋ¹ a piece of cake (ऌ¡ 1 ªÔ¹é ), a bar of chocolate (ªçÍ¡â¡áŵ
1 á·‹§) áÅÐ a bowl of salad (ÊÅÑ´ 1 ªÒÁ)

2. Pronoun (คําสรรพนาม)
คําสรรพนาม ¤×Í ¤íÒ·Õè äÇŒ 㪌àÃÕ¡᷹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·ÕèàÃÒäÁ‹ÃÙŒ¨Ñ ¡ª×è ÍàÃÕ¡áÅÐàÍÒäÇŒ 㪌àÁ×èÍ
ÁÕ¡ÒáŋÒǶ֧¤íÒ¹ÒÁ¹Ñ鹫íéÒ àª‹¹ I, you, we, they, he, she, it, something
(ºÒ§Í‹ҧ«Öè§àÃÒäÁ‹ÊÒÁÒöÃкت×è ÍàÃÕ¡䴌), somewhere (ºÒ§·Õè), this (¹Õ)è ,
that (¹Ñè¹), these (àËÅ‹Ò¹Õ)é , those (àËÅ‹Ò¹Ñé¹)
Pronoun ÁÕÃÙ»·Õ赌ͧ¨íÒ ä´Œá¡‹
1) Personal Pronoun 䴌ᡋ Subject (¤íÒÊÃþ¹ÒÁ·Õè·íÒ˹ŒÒ·Õè໚¹»Ãиҹ
¢Í§»ÃÐâ¤áÅÐÁÑ¡¨ÐÍÂً˹ŒÒ»ÃÐâ¤) áÅÐ Object (¤íÒÊÃþ¹ÒÁ·Õè ·íÒ
˹ŒÒ·Õè໚¹¡ÃÃÁ¢Í§»ÃÐâ¤áÅÐÁÑ¡¨ÐÍÂÙ‹ËÅѧ»ÃÐâ¤)
2) Possessive Pronoun (áÊ´§¤ÇÒÁ໚¹à¨ŒÒ¢Í§) 䴌ᡋ Adjective (¤íÒ
¤Ø³ÈѾ·áÊ´§¤ÇÒÁ໚¹à¨ŒÒ¢Í§·Õè àÍÒänj˹ŒÒ¤íÒ¹ÒÁ) ઋ¹ my computer
(¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍϢͧ©Ñ¹) áÅÐ Pronoun (¤íÒÊÃþ¹ÒÁáÊ´§¤ÇÒÁ໚¹à¨ŒÒ¢Í§
·ÕèàÍÒänj᷹¤íÒ¹ÒÁ·Õèà¤Â¡Å‹ÒǶ֧ÁÒ¡‹Í¹Ë¹ŒÒáÅŒÇ â´ÂäÁ‹ÁÕ¤íÒ¹ÒÁµÒÁËÅѧ)
ઋ¹ I love your hair, but I don’t like mine. (©Ñ¹ªÍºผมของคุณ¨Ñ§ ᵋ
©Ñ¹äÁ‹ªÍºผมของฉันàÅÂ) ¨ÐàËç¹Ç‹Ò㹡ÒÃ㪌 mine ¨Ð㪌᷹ my hair
â´Â·Õè ËÅѧ mine ¨ÐäÁ‹ãÊ‹ hair áÅŒÇà¾ÃÒмٌ¾Ù´áÅмٌ¿˜§ÃÙŒ¡Ñ¹´Õ Ç‹Ò¡íÒÅѧ
¾Ù´¶Ö§ÍÐäÃÍÂÙ‹

16

page_1-234.indd 16 2/20/20 11:22 AM