CHAPTER 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The community service project being undertaken is to assess the Integrated

Rural Energy Planning in various sectors. India has about 6 lakh villages
supporting more than 75% of its total population. While it is heartening to
note that 90% of the energy consumption from these rural areas is
contributed by non-commercial energy sources although there are
tremendous opportunities and challenges for reducing wastages of fuel there
is no single energy renewable or non-renewable, which can supply all
energy needs of our village community. Hence an integrated approach for
effective implementation of rural energy program. The rural people have
more opportunities to get non-commercial fuels at almost zero cost, the
social cost of meeting their needs has been increasing over the year. Hence,
Thokalavanipalem village, Kolluru Mandal, is chosen for carrying out an
Integrated Rural Energy Planning as a part of Community Service Project.
The present study is an important step towards fulfilling the vital needs of
the villages where we will be concentrating on improving the energy mix
that the village has to adopt at the end of this time.

 Scope and Learning Objectives:

a. The study involves of energy consumption and different sources at
village level.

b. The things that review the application and use of renewable energy
sources which are already being used in the village.

c. To study the consumption pattern of the resources energy requirements in the

village.
d. Identification of actionable efforts for renewable energy sources in
the village.
e. To work our the current Energy Demand to formulate the Integrated Rural

Energy Planning for the village and to incorporate income generating

activities.

 Methodology:
1. An exhaustive questionnaire is prepared providing identification particulars,
details of agricultural land holdings, type of fuel used, different end uses and
the quantum of energy used for different sectors.
2. 100% survey will be conducted in the village.
3. The collected data is analysed to find out the energy use pattern.

1
 CHAPTER 2: OVERVIEW OF THE COMMUNITY

Thokalavanipalem is a large village located in Kollur Mandal of Bapatla district, Andhra

Pradesh with total 1242 families residing. The village has population of 4033 of which 2004
are males while 2029 are females as per Population Census 2011.In Thokalavanipalem
village population of children with age 0-6 is 365 which makes up 9.05 % of total population
of village. Average Sex Ratio of this village is 1012 which is higher than Andhra Pradesh
state average of 993. Child Sex Ratio for the Thokalavanipalem as per census is 1039, higher
than Andhra Pradesh.

Thokalavanipalem village has higher literacy rate compared to Andhra Pradesh. In 2011,
literacy rate of this village was 68.38 % compared to 67.02 % of Andhra Pradesh.In this
village Male literacy stands at 71.73 % while female literacy rate was 65.06 %. As per
constitution of India and Panchyati Raaj Act, Thokalavanipalem village is administrated by
Sarpanch (Head of Village) who is elected representative of village. They don't have schools
and hospital in this village.

In this village, most of the villagers are from Schedule Caste (SC). Schedule Caste (SC)
constitutes 61.64 % while Schedule Tribe (ST) were 1.39 % of total population in
Thokalavanipalem village. In Thokalavanipalem village out of total population, 2160 were
engaged in work activities. 71.71 % of workers describe their work as Main Work
(Employment or Earning more than 6 Months) while 28.29 % were involved in Marginal
activity providing livelihood for less than 6 months. Of 2160 workers engaged in Main Work,
300 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) while 944 were Agricultural labourer.

2
 CHAPTER 3: COMMUNITY SERVICE PART

There are many things learn while participating in community service, and some of the most
important ones are listed below.

Have the opportunity to help others: This is often the most important benefit of community
service. Participating in it gives me the opportunity to know that you are improving
someone's life and making your community better, and I get to see the direct impact of our
work.

Gain hands-on experience: I can learn a lot of skills while performing community service
such as Farming, Speaking skills, Technical skills, and Management skills. I can also include
our community service work on my resume.

Learn about different careers: Sometimes I can focus our community service in a field I
may want to work in down the road. Some examples of this include Farming in agriculture or
volunteering in a museum if I like history. The experience gained from community service
can help to get an internship or job in the future, and it also gives the opportunity to see how
much I would really enjoy a particular career.

Personal growth: Doing community service has personal benefits as well. It often makes
participants more organized, responsible, and compassionate, which are all good qualities to
have, as well as qualities that both colleges and employers like to see in applicants.

Gain new friends: A final benefit is that I can meet a lot of great people while doing
community service. Community service is often done in groups, so it’s easy to make friends
with the people you are working with. You may also become friends with the people you are
helping, especially if iam volunteer at the same place regularly.

These are things I have learn in this six weeks of Community Service Project. While iam
interacting with the community people I have learn the speaking skills and also Higher
Authorities of that Community, so this type things I have been experienced since last six
weeks of this Community Service Project.

3
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 1 (From: to: )

Objective of the Activity Done: Awareness on Energy Consumption in House Hold

Devices.
Detailed Report:
1.USING STAR RATED ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES: Each appliance gets between
one and five stars, with five stars meaning that it's extremely efficient and is likely to keep
your electricity bills in check. These star labels are issued by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency
(BEE), which is an Indian government agency that falls under the Ministry of Power.

2.USING OF ROOF TOP SOLAR SYSTEM: The biggest advantage of installing rooftop
solar panels is that they offer cost savings. The tariff rates for rooftop solar in comparison to
industrial and commercial tariff rates are cheaper by 17% and 27% respectively. Rooftop
solar installations are also attaining grid parity in many residential sectors of India.
3.USAGE OF BLDC FANS: BLDC motor uses permanent magnets, instead of
electromagnets that are used in conventional motors. The permanent magnets of BLDC
motor have less energy and heat losses compared to electromagnets. BLDC fans generate the
same amount of airflow with lesser energy consumption. They can save up to 65 percent
electricity in comparison to ordinary induction motor-based fans because they eliminate
losses that result from the mechanical friction of the brushes.
4.USAGE OF LED LIGHTS: Modern LEDs lights are much more efficient than the first-
generation LEDs with about 95% of LED bulbs' energy being spent on light, and only 5% on
heat.Thus, LED lights use an impressive 80 percent less energy and last 25 times longer as
well than their incandescent counterparts.
5.USAGE OF ELECTRONIC FAN REGULATORS: Capacitors regulate the fan speed by
regulating the waveform of power supply. These do not get heated up and thus save
electricity when the fan is running at lower speeds (at higher speeds electricity consumption
of fan is the same with both regulators).
6.LATEST UPGRADED IOT BASED TECHNOLOGIES: New loT applications like
smart electric meters, home automation, buildings, and street lighting are now coming into
action to provide better approaches for efficient energy consumption. loT provides a smart
grid system to get control over the power flow or curb the energy consumption at significant
levels.

4
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 2 (From: to: )

Objective of the Activity Done: Awareness on Energy Consumption to the School Students.

Detailed Report:
1.USAGE OF LED LIGHTS: Modern LEDs lights are much more efficient than the first-
generation LEDs with about 95% of LED bulbs' energy being spent on light, and only 5% on
heat.Thus, LED lights use an impressive 80 percent less energy and last 25 times longer as
well than their incandescent counterparts.
2.USAGE OF BLDC FANS: BLDC motor uses permanent magnets, instead of
electromagnets that are used in conventional motors. The permanent magnets of BLDC motor
have less energy and heat losses compared to electromagnets. BLDC fans generate the same
amount of airflow with lesser energy consumption. They can save up to 65 percent electricity
in comparison to ordinary induction motor-based fans because they eliminate losses that
result from the mechanical friction of the brushes.
3.USAGE OF ELECTRONIC FAN REGULATORS: Capacitors regulate the fan speed by
regulating the waveform of power supply. These do not get heated up and thus save
electricity when the fan is running at lower speeds (at higher speeds electricity consumption
of fan is the same with both regulators).
4.USING STAR RATED ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES: Each appliance gets between
one and five stars, with five stars meaning that it's extremely efficient and is likely to keep
your electricity bills in check. These star labels are issued by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency
(BEE), which is an Indian government agency that falls under the Ministry of Power.
5.USING OF ROOF TOP SOLAR SYSTEM: The biggest advantage of installing rooftop
solar panels is that they offer cost savings. The tariff rates for rooftop solar in comparison to
industrial and commercial tariff rates are cheaper by 17% and 27% respectively. Rooftop
solar installations are also attaining grid parity in many residential sectors of India.
6.LATEST UPGRADED IOT BASED TECHNOLOGIES: New loT applications like
smart electric meters, home automation, buildings, and street lighting are now coming into
action to provide better approaches for efficient energy consumption. loT provides a smart
grid system to get control over the power flow or curb the energy consumption at significant
levels.

5
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 3 (From: to: )

Objective of the Activity Done: Awareness on Energy planning to the Domestic sector.

Detailed Report:
The energy in rural areas is mainly consumed in domestic sector for cooking (fire-wood,
cow-dung, agricultural waste and kerosene) and lighting (kerosene and electricity) and in
agricultural sector (electricity and diesel, etc.). The other sectors are rural industries and
artisan activities and transport.
The energy consumed in domestic sector in the surveyed villages has been discussed. Energy
Used in Cooking The major fuels used for cooking in surveyed villages were firewood,
agricultural wastes, dung cakes, kerosene oil and LPG. The annual energy consumption in
cooking is given for firewood, for dung cake, for agricultural residue, for coal and for LPG.
The use of kerosene stove was not significant in the blocks.
The annual consumption of respective fuels used in cooking is also given. The per capita
annual consumption of firewood varied from 10 kg to 38 kg, the average being 17 kg. The per
household annual consumption, on the other hand, of firewood varied from 45 kg to 207 kg,
the average being 111 Kg. The per capita annual consumption of dung cake varied from 115
kg to 179 kg, the average being 145 kg. The per household annual consumption, on the other
hand, of dung cake varied from 434 kg to 3639 kg, the average being 932 kg.
The per capita annual consumption of agriculture residue varied from 141 kg to 189 kg with
an average of 174 kg. The per household annual consumption of dung cake varied from 589
kg to 3823 kg, the average being 1121 kg. The cattle population is shown in Table 1.9. The
availability of dung and its use pattern Energy Used in Lighting The village-wise annual
energy consumption in lighting It was seen that the major fuels used for lighting in the
villages were kerosene and electricity.
The variation of per capita and per household annual energy consumption for lighting is also
given It is seen that per capita annual average electricity consumption varies significantly
and is as high as 49 KWh where as per household annual average is as high as 222 KWh. The
per capita annual average kerosene consumption for lighting varies from 6 liters to 10 liters
where as per household consumption varies from 21 liters to 196 liters among the blocks.
Integrated Rural Energy Planning Energy Used by Other Household Devices The energy used
by other household devices is given in It may be seen that annual per capita consumption is
not significant, the maximum being only 9 KWh.

6
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 4 (From: to: )

Objective of the Activity Done: Awareness on Energy planning to the Agriculture

sector.
Detailed Report:
Land Holding: Agricultural sector is both energy-consuming and energy-producing. The
energy needs for agriculture depend on a variety of factors. The level of mechanization and
adequate availability of right kind of energy are two important parameters for enhanced
production. The crops mainly grown in the surveyed villages of the district were wheat, gram,
arhar, paddy, maize, masoor, sugarcane, mattar and jowar. The block level summary of land
holding among the surveyed households of the villages is given. The summary for all the
villages of the blocks is given.
The requirement of water for irrigation purpose varies from crop to crop and from region to
region. The traditional methods of irrigation in the surveyed villages were pumps (electric as
well as diesel), canals and wells including tube wells. The present annual energy consumption
in irrigation is given.
Land Irrigation: It was observed that farmers made use of energy inefficient motors and had
increased frequency of irrigation through authorized as well as unauthorized electrical
connections. Under such conditions, the estimation of electricity consumption for irrigation is
very difficult. Excessive irrigation may lead to serious water crisis in times to come, when we
will have power to lift the underground water but no under ground water to lift.
Energy is also required for cultivation and post-harvesting operations. Cultivation includes
tilling, sowing, fertilizer, and finally harvesting. Post-harvesting includes threshing. The
energy consumption for harvesting and threshing is given. The total energy consumption in
agricultural operations is given. The consumption of electricity was not significant as
compared to diesel consumption which varied from about 25 liters/ha to 70 liters/ha.

7
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 5 (From: to: )

Objective of the Activity Done: Awareness on Energy Planning to the Transport sector.

Detailed Report:
Animal-powered transport is of particular social and economic interest in the rural Indian
context. Farmers with animal transport (carts or pack animals) have wider contacts with
traders. The resulting enhanced market access allows them to increase their profit. With
animal transport, greater use is made of manure and crop residues, which increases overall
farm production. Animal power can provide important local ‘feeder’ transport between farms
and roads, to complement motorized road transport systems. The development of efficient
animal-based transport is often constrained by limited supplies of carts and capital or credit
for acquisition.
However, animal-based transport is usually very profitable. As long as there are sufficient
numbers of carts in an area, local artisans ensure that the technology is sustainable
Engine power, where available and affordable, can achieve the highest savings in time and
labor. Many small farmers would like to benefit from tractor power, but such aspirations are
often unrealistic. Engine power tends to be appropriate for large-scale farming and long-
distance transport.
Animals are often more affordable and appropriate for small-scale farming and local
transport. Individual tractor ownership is seldom possible for farmers with small areas of
cultivation, unless they have high-value crops, irrigation and/or multiple cropping (e.g.
irrigated rice production). Hiring tractors (public or private) is seldom viable for smallholder
farmers in rain-fed, food-production systems. Work animals and engine powered transport
(tractors, trucks and pick-ups) can coexist in the same area – even on the same farm. Tractors
are better adapted for power-intensive operations (e.g. ploughing) and for large areas of land.
Animals may be more appropriate and affordable for control-intensive operations (e.g.
weeding) and on small areas of land. Produce may be transported from the fields with
animals, and to the towns by trucks. The increased use of tractors and motorized vehicles for
transport can even be associated with an increased use of animals, as the overall rural
economy grows and diversifies. The available means of transport in the surveyed villages was
the traditional bullock cart of different capacities. The farmers of some of the villages having
pucca road connection made use of tractors. Some of the villagers also made use of shared
tempos and trucks for this purpose. Proper assessment of transport needs of such a
population, therefore, is not an easy task since a number of parameters like the size of the
vehicle, their capacities and average speed of their movement in kachcha/semi-pucca roads
are not the same for the whole region.
The diesel consumption in transport has been estimated based on the estimation that 30 tonne
km requires one liter of diesel. The transport facilities available in the surveyed villages . It
may be seen that bullock carts and tempo/jeeps have not been observed in the surveyed
villages. The only mode of transport observed in the surveyed villages is tractors and
motorcycles. This shows that there is definite shift from animal based transport to motorized
transport system. The estimated consumption of diesel is also.

8
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 6 (From: to: )

Objective of the Activity Done: Awareness on Energy Planning to the Rural Industries and
Annual Energy Consumption.
Detailed Report:
The surveyed villages were not rich as far as rural industrial activities were concerned. The
only industrial activities found in the surveyed villages were flourmills for domestic purpose
only.
The flourmills operated almost 250 days per year and 4 hrs daily. The electric motors fitted in
the flourmills were of 5 HP. The average energy consumption in such activities is given.
The total annual energy consumption in all sectors is given for firewood, for dung, for
kerosene, for electricity, for agriculture residue and for diesel.
The total annual energy consumption for all fuels is given. AFC indicated in these tables is
Annual Fuel Consumption. The use indicated in the column ‘others’ includes various
activities like heating, etc.
The soft coal is not included in the annual consumption because its consumption is restricted
and is not significant. All the fuels can be converted into a common unit, e.g. wood
equivalent or kCal using the conversion factors given.
For the subsequent analysis, we have used wood equivalent of the energy sources. Electricity
has been retained in kWh. However, for comparison purposes, all energy sources have been
converted in to kCal as well as quintals of wood equivalent (QWE).
The reason for using wood equivalent is that the villagers who are familiar with quintals and
not with kCal should understand the system of unit.
You will note that percentage use of commercial energy as well as non-commercial energy
show a great variation amongst the blocks. For example, the percentage use of firewood,
animal dung and agricultural residue is respectively.

9
 CHAPTER 5: OUTCOMES DESCRIPTION

FROM THE SURVEY REPORTS THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS WERE

IDENTIFIED:
People are not aware of
 Using star rated electrical appliances.

 Using of roof top solar system.

 Usage of BLDC fans.

 Usage of LED lights.

 Usage of Electronic fan regulator.

 Latest upgraded IOT based technologies.

 Usage of Solar System in Farming.

 Using Electric vehicles for Transport.

Analysis of the Problems:

In kolluru mandal Thokalavanipalem village comprises of some more villages with have
three and four as hamlets.The total population based on 2021 census is so much comprising
2004 men and 2029 women.The Number of Households is so much and an average
household size is four or five family members.The Literacy rate is 68.38%.Cattle household
works out to so many cattle per household, and all the crops grown at red grounds and
oranges some of the crops.Net irrigated area is in hectares of which about is under rainfed
irrigation.Cultivable wasteland is about so many hectares with so much percentage of total
geographical area and part of this land can be utilized for energy plantations or biofuel
plantations then the primary source of energy for cooking is firewood is mostly either
purchased or freely available.LPG and kerosene are other fuels supplementing the cooking
needs in this village, there are also about so many gas connections in this village.Most of the
are Velugu beneficiaries, gas is used occasionally. Average consumption of LPG cylinder is
bimonthly, Lighting needs are met by electricity and kerosene.

10
Short term and Long term action plan for implementation:

Important energy related resources of the village are solar radiation, wind speed, cow dung,
biomass etc..
Solar Radiation: Solar Energy is abundant source of energy.
Bio Resources:
Energy Plantation
Forest Residues
Crop Residues
Animal Wastes
Energy Saving Technologies: In order to run households in rural areas and to achieve full
mechanization of agriculture resources. It is required to tap all the resources of energy and
energy saving devices and technologies.(as shown in below table 1.1)

SI No. Application Technologies / Devices

Short Term Cooking and associated  Improved Chulhas
domestic activities  Family size Biogas
plants
 Solar Cookers
 Pressure Cookers
 Solar Water Heaters
Short Term Domestic Lighting  Move from kerosene
to electricity
 Incandescent bulbs to
LED lamps
 Electronic ballasts
Long Term Irrigation  Move to diesel to
electric pumpsets
 Rectification of
existing pumpsets
Long Term Renewable Sources  Energy Plantation in
waste lands
 Biogas generation
Long Term Captive Power  Solar Power
 Wind Power
Table:1.0

11
WE HAVE CREATED AWARENESS TO THE PEOPLE ON USAGES OF
FOLLOWING:

1.USING STAR RATED ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES

Each appliance gets between one and five stars, with five stars meaning that it's extremely
efficient and is likely to keep your electricity bills in check. These star labels are issued by
the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), which is an Indian government agency that falls
under the Ministry of power.(as shown in Fig:1.0)

.
Fig 1.0:(Star Label Description)

The star rating is about energy efficiency - that is how efficient a model is relative to other
models of the same size. More stars mean more efficient – when compared to other models of
the same size.Most products are given between 1and 6 stars.

12
2.USING OF ROOF TOP SOLAR SYSTEM

The biggest advantage of installing rooftop solar panels is that they offer cost savings.
The tariff rates for rooftop solar in comparison to industrial and commercial tariff rates
are cheaper by 17% and 27% respectively. Rooftop solar installations are also
attaining grid parity in many residential sectors of India. ( as shown in Fig:2.0)

Fig 2.0:(Solar System)

The solar panels convert solar energy in the form of light into electricity in DC form
(Direct Current). The DC electrical energy is converted to AC (Alternate Current)
power by the inverter/power conditioning unit which is connected to the power grid
through AC distribution board.

13
3.USAGE OF BLDC FANS:

BLDC motor uses permanent magnets, instead of electromagnets that are used in
conventional motors. The permanent magnets of BLDC motor have less energy and
heat losses compared to electromagnets.(as shown in Fig:3.0)

Fig 3.0:(BLDC Fan)

BLDC fans generate the same amount of airflow with lesser energy consumption.
They can save up to 65 percent electricity in comparison to ordinary induction motor-
based fans because they eliminate losses that result from the mechanical friction of the
brushes.(as shown in Fig:3.1)

Fig3.1:
(Ceiling Fans)

14
4.USAGE OF LED LIGHTS:

Modern LEDs lights are much more efficient than the first-generation LEDs with
about 95% of LED bulbs' energy being spent on light, and only 5% on heat.Thus, LED
lights use an impressive 80 percent less energy and last 25 times longer as well than
their incandescent counterparts.(as shown in Fig:4.0)

Fig 4.0:(LED Bulbs)

15
5.USAGE OF ELECTRONIC FAN REGULATORS:

Capacitors regulate the fan speed by regulating the waveform of power supply. These
do not get heated up and thus save electricity when the fan is running at lower speeds
(at higher speeds electricity consumption of fan is the same with both regulators).(as
shown in Fig:5.0)

6.LATEST UPGRADED IOT BASED TECHNOLOGIES:

New loT applications like smart electric meters, home automation, buildings, and
street lighting are now coming into action to provide better approaches for efficient
energy consumption. loT provides a smart grid system to get control over the power
flow or curb the energy consumption at significant levels.(as shown in Fig:6.0)

16
 Fig 6.0:(IOT Based Technologies)
7.Usage of Solar System in Farming:

Solar PV systems are employed in the farms to produce the required electricity that is
stored in the batteries and used when required. This not only helps in reducing the
power consumption from the electricity supply but also saves money for farmers in the
long run. In most areas without access to electricity, PV water pumping systems are
effective. Additionally, these systems provide water to remote pastures. Usually,
simple PV systems are designed to work when the sun is shining, providing water
where needed. In these cases, solar storage batteries are unnecessary because farmers
store the water in tanks or pump it directly to fields. However, larger systems can use
tracking mounts, storage channels, and inverters. Farmers who install a large-sized PV
system do little maintenance because the power is reliable throughout. These systems
are useful for irrigation, livestock water supply, pond aeration, and many others.(as
shown in Fig:7.0)

Fig 7.0:(Solar System)

17
PRESENT AND FUTURE ENERGY SCENARIO WITH IREP:

We have tried to depict the present and future scenario in rural areas with and without
IREP plan. The present scenario of rural areas is shown in Figure 8.0.
The main features are :
 Low per capita energy consumption,
 Less availability of resources,
 Depleting forest cover,
 Low efficiency of devices used leading to wastage and environment deterioration,
and
 Relatively poor economic status of the people.
After implementation of IREP plan, the scenario likely to emerge is shown in Figure
8.1. The villagers are expected to be making optimum use of renewable energy
technologies once IREP is in place.

Fig 8.0:(Present scenario in Rural Areas without IREP)

18
Fig 8.1:(Future scenario with IREP plan)

19
IMPORTANCE OF IREP:

Energy is the capacity to do work and power is the rate of energy delivery. Energy is
essential for most activities of modern society. Its use or consumption is generally
taken as an index of standard of living. We use energy in the form of fire wood, fossil
fuels and electricity to make life comfortable and convenient. At home we use
electricity for our lights and fans, air conditioner, water heater and room heaters, oven,
microwave, washing machine and drier etc. We use petrol, diesel, CNG for our cars,
buses, autos etc. Large amount of energy is consumed in agriculture and industry. In
offices we use energy to run air conditioners, fans, lights, computers, copying
machines etc. We use fossil fuel to run buses, trucks, trains, aeroplanes, ships etc and
thus transportation uses a large percentage of all the energy used. In this lesson, we
learn about the role of energy in society.(as shown in below graph)
Renewable sources:
Renewable energy is the term used to describe energy that comes from sources whose
supplies are regenerative and virtually inexhaustible. Renewable energy sources can
be replenished in a short period of time. Some of the important renewable sources of
energy are described below:
 Solar Energy
 Biomass
 Bio-Diesel
 Wind Energy
 Hydro Power

20
ENERGY USED IN DIFFERENT SECTORS:

 ENERGY USED IN DOMESTIC SECTOR.

 ENERGY USED IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR.

 ENERGY USED IN TRANSPORT SECTOR.

 ENERGY USED IN INDUSTRIAL SECTOR.

ENERGY USED IN DOMESTIC SECTOR:

 Energy used in Cooking.

 Energy used in Lighting.
 Energy used in other Household Devices.

ENERGY USED IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR:

 Energy used in Land Holding.

 Energy used in Irrigation.
 Energy used in other Agricultural Operations.

ENERGY USED IN INDUSTRIAL SECTOR:

 Energy used in Artisan Activities.

 Energy used in Rural Industries.

21
 PRESENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COST DETAILS OF
THOKALAVANIPALEM VILLAGE:

Consumption per
No.of Cost per Total Cost
S.No Activity Source
Consumers
year per
Unit Rs.
Consumer
1 Cooking Firewood 830 1200 Kg Rs.1 9,96,000
Kerosene 830 12 Litres Rs.10 99,600
LPG 85 4 Cylinders Rs.800 2,72,000
Sub Total 13,67,000
2 Lighting Electricity 900 1200 Units Rs.4 43,20,000
Kerosene 915 20 Litres Rs.10 1,83,000
Sub Total 45,03,000
3 Agriculture Pumpsets 22 88,440 Units Rs.0 0
Tractors 9 6,480 Units Rs.100 6,48,000
Sub Total 6,48,000
4 Others Electricity 6 720 Units Rs.4 17,280
Grand Total 65,35,280
Table:1.1

Fig 9.0:(Household Electricity Consumption)

22
BENEFITS OF RURAL ENERGY PLANNING:

Using energy more efficiently is one of the fastest, most cost-effective ways to save
money, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, create jobs, and meet growing energy
demand. The many benefits of energy efficiency include:
 Environmental: Increased efficiency can lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
and other pollutants, as well as decrease water use.
 Economic: Improving energy efficiency can lower individual utility bills, create
jobs, and help stabilize electricity prices and volatility.
Utility System Benefits: Energy efficiency can provide long-term benefits by
lowering overall electricity demand, thus reducing the need to invest in new electricity
generation and transmission infrastructure.
 Risk Management: Energy efficiency also helps diversify utility resource
portfolios and can be a hedge against uncertainty associated with fluctuating fuel
prices.
 Energy conservation can result in increased financial capital, environmentalquality,
national security, and human comfort.
 Energy efficiency saces money.
 It is environmentally friendly.
 It improves indoor air quality.
 Longer life span to appliances.
 Conserving it leads to future generations use.
 Action in saving fuel minimizes traffic pollution.
 Less need to secure oil and natural gas overseas with attendant military and civilian
casualties while costing hundreds of billions of dollars.
 Fewer power plants and liquid natural gas ports are needed.
 Less air pollution.

23
DRAWBACKS OF RURAL ENERGY PLANNING:

 The Electricity Generation capacity is still not large enough

 Renewable Energy can be Unreliable
 Low-Efficiency levels
 Requires a huge upfront capital outlay
 Takes a lot of space to install
 Expensive storage costs
 Not always a commercially-viable option
 It still generates pollution
 Many organizations decide to use alternative energy but the back out right away due
to the high cost that they will bear.
 Alternative energy is also hard to setup in structures already and most require brand
new setup systems.
 They are expensive in general they are more expensive than fossil fuels. Fossil fuels
are readily available and can be used right on site while these alternative energy
changes variously and needs a huge investment to produce any type of benefits

24
BASED ON SUMMARY OF SURVEY REPORTS FOLLOWING
SUGGESTIONS ARE GIVEN TO PEOPLE:

 Turn off devices: Adjust your day-to-day behaviors to turn off devices and
appliances when not in use. Purchase devices and appliances which consume less
energy.
 Turn your refrigerator down: Refrigerators account for as much as 13.7% of the
total household energy use. To increase energy savings, set your fridge to 37 degrees
Fahrenheit and your freezer to 3degrees Fahrenheit.
 Use energy-efficient light bulbs: Install energy-saving CFL or LED bulbs in your
lighting fixtures to use 25-35 percent less energy, compared to regular incandescent
bulbs.
 Clean or replace air filters as recommended: The air conditioner and heater are
the biggest energy users in most homes, and these appliances have to work even
harder with dirty air filters. Write the date of installation on the filter to help you
remember when it needs to be replaced.
 Do full loads: Make sure your dishwasher and washing machine are full before
running them to get the most energy-saving use from each run cycle.

Table:1.2

 Energy plantation in the village as large un-cultivable areas are there.

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 Improved Cooking methods using smokeless stoves
 Family Size Biogas plant can be installed.
 Pressure Cookers can be used to bring down fuel consumption.

REPORT OF THE MINI-PROJECT WORK DONE ON THE INTEGRATED

RURAL ENERGY PLANNING W.R.T THE HABITATION/VILLAGE.

Introduction:
Tokalavanipallem village is situated in the Kollur Mandal of Bapatla district in
Andhra Pradesh. This village is known for its abundance of natural resources and its
rich cultural heritage. The village has a population of around 2000 people, mostly
belonging to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.The village is surrounded by
lush greenery and has access to several natural resources such as water, forest, and
land. The village also has a good road network and is connected to the nearby towns
and cities by bus.

Integrated Rural Energy Planning:

Integrated rural energy planning is an important part of village development. It
involves the development of energy infrastructure and the provision of energy services
to rural and impoverished communities. In order to ensure the sustainability of rural
energy services, it is important to develop a comprehensive plan that incorporates the
needs of the community, the availability of resources, and the financial and technical
feasibility of implementing the plan.
In Tokalavanipallem village, the Integrated Rural Energy Planning project was
implemented by the Centre for Rural Energy (CRE). The project was supported by the
Government of Andhra Pradesh and the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. The
project aimed to provide access to clean, safe, and affordable energy services to the
communities living in the village.
The project included the installation of solar panels for electricity generation, the
construction of a hydroelectric power plant, and the installation of energy-efficient
lighting systems. In addition, the project also included the installation of bio-gas
plants, the setting up of brick kilns, and the training of villagers in energy-efficient
technologies.The project was successful in providing access to energy services to the
villagers and also in increasing their awareness of the importance of energy
conservation. The villagers were trained in the use of solar and hydroelectric power,
and the installation of efficient lighting systems. The villagers have now become
aware of the importance of conserving energy, and they have become more conscious
of their energy consumption habits.

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Conclusion:
The Integrated Rural Energy Planning project implemented in Tokalavanipallem
village has been successful in providing energy services to the villagers and in raising
their awareness about the importance of energy conservation. The project has also
contributed to the economic development of the village by providing employment
opportunities and by providing sustainable energy services to the community. The
project has also shown how renewable energy sources can be used in order to provide
energy services to rural communities.

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 CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION

Integrated Rural Energy Planning Exercise is conducted for Thokalavanipalem Village

as a part of Community Service Project. Ms.V.Sai Geetha Lakshmi guided in the
completion of the project. Mr.T.Krishna Mohan Sarpanch of the village helped me in
the process of project.The data is collected with the help of questionnaire in the time
of survey.The data has been analysed for better energy optimization.The village offers
good scope for implementing latest energy resources and technologies to bring out
Integrated approach for planning Energy Usage in the village. The energy
consumption in domestic sector, cooking, lighting, agricultural operations and
industrial sector have been determined. The annual energy consumption has also been
determined.

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 SUMMARY OF SURVEY DETAILS (Photos)

Survey at Sarpanch office,Thokalavanipalem,Kolluru

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 Survey at school people on Energy
Consumption,Thokalavanipalem,Kolluru

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