Unit -2 Proce Be Management P; receze =e am executim of & program. Applicakon cmtaing m ony procepace that operate Comearrentie amd inkrack amon thumeelves jointly achieve @ geal. recepe management includes creating proceszee 1 fa pilling nepource requiremmte , dohudu ling them fer upe of @ CPU, implementing, precese dyndhronisakon 4o umbro| their inttrachiome , avoiding dead locke amd krminal. thum after their operation. Proceeges &§ Programe A per Progrow ie paceive only amd dow not pt by ited Proceep it exewkon of progr” & ackally performe Specified ima pregrwn: pregrers P 4 dinwee he form achone ackme ww 08 exerts a Let ve Conpider pear: [fie Loge t ile info 5 <= ink we | ine [I — earn ere open Cingo,"re0d ); | tien] while nok data avea § | end-of-file Cinfo) | {cow Ly pad ? vod (info, ilom) ; — | Print 5 Progrown P & abphact view of ite | hop Lie - J exeastin , 'P’ gntoine duclavaton of file ‘info’ and variable ‘item’. The gtatemmbe thot suade value from ingo upe Hum + perpem pome coleulahiona amd print veoultdata avea and. lack valuep for-form Tretructiong — upee the inghuck ones dato area omd ptack the imlended — Caleulalame Conptihake te addyepe apace « address apace, The 08 allocate, momory bh allocater printer to print accomodate Pe beloeen executumn ¢ P om The nepulle , OS phavee — the cru OHwy programe through Adudaling Peon “An execulium ci a Hence proceet cam be allocated 0. pregron veing mepourcee Al proceee Conpiote oF & Componente (Cid, code, data, stack , nepourcee + cev eta) where Td = Unique TD aariqns by 08 of the pra in the executim of the pron omh procedure cedepe ee Codat tex) dota» Data uped Containe parowelere of chloe Colad during execution of the pray” theiy return addreppee- allocated by 0s. amd gonrot purpece am. amd piack > Apources 7 Sk of resource & cPu étab > Content regi pee P30 rugiekre ¢ the CPU.® P.: ? a roceapes thot exiat in the Auatm at sme hme ave Called = Concurrent preearee - Gnusrrent procepacs roxy Ahare their code , dota amd nerourcee with dther proceneee and com vhteract with one amothey during Hheiy exeustion. Child Procep pee The kernel initiates an executim of a predram by Creaking a proces for it, thip ie known ae ‘Primary Pen The pritnory proceee Com make byte calla te creak other procepete. There process become child proceasce and proceay bewmu ther parent. & child procear may primary Create m. This parent - child gulatenship com be howing primary proce inherit pome of the muse additonal nesources through Aashom call . other process amd be im the ie of preceee tree, nepraunld A child proceee com ew ity ook. urcep allocakd + parent preceae or com ge eome e or more child proceser amd work + each child proceanee within om applicatim A proceee creates apoigne pome { ite Thie ia known Oe multitog kingi) Relakonghipe -behoeen Procepnee ama Programe During exeachon of a program, ambrol flmop behorem excautim of fumckion or procedure bared om logic of preqe C os mly dow acho based om Ayplom colle. Hence functions eh program moy be beparak. proceoee , or they mo be Code port of ae o kind of vdlatonghip Com exit behoeen proceae §& ingle proceee - Too programe - x One-to-One Relakonghip : Lt exiete whn a aingle exeustion of & geqpuntial prego ie in p 5 TE exigh behoum mona proces in too Capte. ragenhe * Mam: to- One Relat onghip amd pingle prearam = Momy erecting of @ progr my be in pragreee at the pome Hime. ystems call a. program reee make (oda should 7 During exeastim, do raquist tak —Aapeipic part of ike be executid Concurrently ie. 0 @ peparak. ackivily o ceuring at the ome time. The kernel dete up exeartion & the apeei fied part of coda amd treaty it oe peparak. preceaes The new proceee amd. proce Peprownting exeushin of Pregrovm will have -fo- one relation chip with the program. Suh a program ip known Of Gonusrrent program .Benefite of Child Proceapea Bune file Explomabion Computation Achong will be performed cmosrrontly See create, child proceasce. TH may qeduce the dusakon ive, rumning Hime of Phe application when it Prioyihy ie A child procese that performe re he ken Cribeak fumctione mon be aepignd high priority. Tt help - nnect the vealkme veqpirom eonte et om application. The kernd oborke & child proceee ifon evroy arigee dusing, ike operation. The patent proceee ig not offeckd by the erroy, it mor be oble perform recovery acho. Gatarding parmt provee agaimek Errore To facilitate uae °F chitd procaen , the karne provide operedizne ie G Granting 7% dhild proceae amd aeeigning priovibee tit adhild proceee a dild proceee 2. Terminokn, Determining te Atatus of 3. aken amd ayncore nijahion 4 Sharing, Commumic behoeem proceeee b-Ernmp A veal me date legging application neceiver dato. Aan lee prow a patellike ak a vote f Soo Aownples per pound amd Abr them im & ‘le, We areume that each sample arriving yom the pakllite ie ps into @ Apecial veg eke ¢ the eee remerg process yj appli cake, known ae “chat - logger, jroo pexjorm follasing frre chon, a Gpy Sei, orm ple fr om the apeciod vegiete imb yownor: 2 Copy the Bample fm memory im a file. c Pex tos pome omolypie of % comple amd nerd ite nuult in amotney file uped fe fature preceeeing.. Procepp tree ome proceener ay On as) Ne. +6 Qo datalogger Irom Hhree child processes - 4. Copy- eample Dre eordpay 0 running 24 eULYe | and according !4 oi fromitiom ie couse by tne occurence of beme the plaxt OF md of om Flo operation He dakermines ‘Fe inpluunce ackvitiee chroma tre prob 4 om preceee: blocked > neady numning on tad turning 7 a blodked foendarmentad Stok Trampiion fey % Preceee Dacrerighon The procese it dinpatduc . The CPU beging or neumee exeustiom of ite ingtruckione A regret smads, by the precee in gros or om event fo whidh ik war woikng occa The precere ie prevmpha becaupe the kerneh dacidie & pdudul. — peme othe proce thie eithy becaupe O highy Hrompiin oceure becomes ov priovi ty proceee the Hye plice of te proceee becompe elopecd- The preceee operaken rmokes Aggie colt indicote thok iF wighee to weak unkl etme yepsurce equate nada. by ik ie grnks ar unbl a. apesfic wont ocusye it the pape « Fivewnojor Came £ blocking aie* Procepe suquunta am TF, que jo operaluon K Proves equate Q neource © Proceae wigheg te woit for Apecipired imkyval of time a Procepe waite for ome acken by amotner proceae. Tumming > krminalid — Exe cubin of the program ie compl etic . for preceet Hrminotkon are % Belp-Termimatio > The proceae im operation either completa itp tagk oY realign thok it comnot operate ‘yncamins Fes Oe haere Gee kon atint date. or inability Five pr imary suas one amd Woke moy be du + incorrect data in a duived manner oy incom +p accebe Ey Lncorrect fils accese — privilage. * Terminahon by o parent : A procese make a Hrminc i child proceee P; » whem it finds yon coll to derminok that execuhim ¢ the necmory OF meaning fi - % Exceeding Reource ubiligakon = fin 03 may limit the xrourcta that oC procese "eH amauwne. A precese exceeding would be aborkd by kernal. operakmm: &xeuskion of am inghuchon Jarithmebe a) longey child proceoe P; yerource — limit 4 Pionormal — Candibiong uring imtuchone » privileged or memory prokchion violation the kernd. invalid Cendikors like overfiew | Com bead to abortion of preceee by € Incorrect inkrachon ith ottuy procenes : the kernal abort a procese if a gu involved in a daadlock .The below figure Ahawe fundonumtat atat. tromition @ of O process - fl new proceae ie pus in the ready plat afr yerouscts required by it hove been allocahd . Tt moy a blocked, amd ready stats 2 number 4 fimeg, quenb duscribed in above Yoble. Eventuohly wend: ap a nuudk of i} entre inte ferminoked tok. > ee ( : } pletion —_ Ts Regource OY wait veqpert koe f°" a proces e Fumdormemtal Atak tromviCompichy Hu fime Ahaving ister | which user the ime plice of tome Tt Gmlaing too procene Pi amd Pr: PI hon CPU buret 4 Is me followed by om T]o Operation that lash fev e2 hos CPU bunet 4 gome followed by om Llo loo me operabim Hat lash fr gomp. The fable iVtustratia aed ae during th Timing dha! along, with Bree ee t ope vabin of eyo 7 —Nuw8tatis tea Event __Roeo 7 - a Pl ie pduduled = 10 . umnin 7 > Pl ie preempkcl PL ip pdreduiled wody vt e i nin is Pa ig preemphd PI ip pdudulel —-Yunning a s @1 plovh tio Pa ippdbeduled — bladed Yomnning ewer . bided. ready po ie pduduled blocked yumnin: bs 3 Pr etarb flo . blocked blocked .Supponded Precenace ®@ ata to ducribe the noliare A kerma reede additional At of the achvily ct a proceat thot i@ not in me 4 the four fomdamont a ptatin ducribed earlier. CGmidir a proceee Hot woe in the msody or the blocked stab. When it ar pwapped out of memory whin tf ie neithey in ready nor in blodked etal , the kerwh nade to afin muo ptab - 1 are known aa Auapndsd P Such procese yoceape should not be indicata thal = hie procese period of Kme, odrsdabing fer a. ppecific become Auspundsd procese: Tf a uy Cenridured fp it foo would Suspended proceee se wor puspended + when aekvity- The ken mon hifi ne rome Burp amd put Auspunded proceee ino appropriads Auapunded probe du w comida pwopped process amd two puapendich ‘ “plodked prone At abn col ‘neadsy Awopeed amd The ptabp ond prot bramitiong are ghown 19 below fx fev tuo awapped stataComple iam Tevmmineba Ramnin in 3 pon Rugurce ov wort requus Preemption ; Neo Ready | Rewurte qrombd pre Bh ea emp |) soap : Swap-in Swup- | Swap -in al Pe at \e (Coady |, Remurce gronka_{ Bld \ cette, or wait Complekd | rangped) The — tramition ready 7 ruodsy ewapped or blockek —> e wap - out acho. The Tevere bledked pwsoppedt ig Lomaed by fin takes place when the proceae ie propped ptob tromi back int the momory The blocked b warped = peoopped bowitim take place if the request fr which the proceee wor wailing fe gramtd wu while proceee ip in oe Aus pended Akoke . En: If Me resource fer which a proce or blocked ie a Oe Ae the proo™ Gmknua f be pwappedt 8 her it Jt swapped back ino the mumory , ite ik Competes with other ready our. © piod- roma fo ready amd i fr ee stot. 8 in the ready ewap ped ptak & awailabi iby ¢ memory proceee nr pur either process im the dapendlingifrocege Conley ueaing Proceay Control Black Kemel’@ view of & preceae Gamgiph of Hoo parte x Cod, data and gtack of the preceee » amd information Oe te reer sce Oly are | auch an fle llocakd to it. yelakd t exeaiiim of program , puch a0 precee * Informakon dhe ptack pointer ptab, CPU grate indiading are Cmiained i” the procese mitt amd helpe & The feo parte ))_ thig arrangement e Umtol block (Pc, the procee preeeee ydwom t ingormation by other 03 Convanivntly Process Gonkext = ol I [Seql a I IE J [Preece it Memon i Ae va ips ee Ge ar ate Te Paink [==] Gees converte 1—] fe value lr — Procege | ] J i Conk, t {i | l cal aaiat Stack Process Control Block (#8) The precese Conkxt Conaiate of the follewin 4. Addriap Space of the preceag ! the cede, data ond Hrs prack Componente of the preceee- Tnformatin Ceomcerning used by ae allocken infermaten = mumer reap allocated fo a proceae momagunont umit [Mnv] during operahion 2 emnory3. 8} " ' alus { file preceaaing achvibea : Information odouts file being uped , Auch ar curront posittma in the file. 4 ; Procepae intrachon information : Informatio hecenary to Contsol inttyactinm of the procese with other processes 4: ide paront amd child processes amd inktypreceee eee £. Ruource information © Tnformation Gemcerning Susurces allocakd to the process Repaired be operation of proceae 6. Mipcell omeous imformatm: The informa om Concerning, the surources allocated amd ib other proceser uk the life of ne proceee- ie maintained in tre proceae inkrackm with 08 creak, % Conk t througho preceee content by allocakng mumory 4o the prowegg , loading ne proceet coda in the allocaled rnemary md Being oP e ity dake ppoce: Procege Canbol Blok (PC8) | 7 Procespid. | Procepe State | Gre conenle | pc value Proceae Gambro! Block (rcs)(©) Pee Comaiph 4 three kindo of information . * dunk fication in formalin pudras the procese id, id ib parent procee amd id of wer who created it * Process Atak. information bad on ib Uake, Contin f P90, omd geal - parpeee nagiekre Core] * OHur im formation puch aa priorily amd ib inkracton with other proweees Fields of te Procese Conbrol Block Lecé] PcB Field Content Process ih «= The unique id amignd 4 the proces akib Creat. procen Byrchronigah on - Silat cients (eet gat aed fer PT EP dbl procese typically her a prom bh Jerminated - Priority Te ig a numeric vadan Ov fe procen ak ib creakon. The bern may change privity damnamicall boreh on Nature Ccev/s0 Bound ) , oge amd Yrnourca conumed by it Procen Stoke Currnt Slab. of Me preees The Pw Tmage will be reloadad afke Completion 3 oe of blocking oy prompHien ty rnume operadain of tru proceoe- GPRe Gantt 4 GPRE whon the proces loat got bloded or wor prevephd Event Tngormalion Foy a proven in the blocked p tate thie fidd Gmlaim the ingormakion vegarding Hue went for which Phe proces fe WaihngSiguah information In i formation Umcesning locating of ar homdlere 3 t re ce ‘i i pomky Thie fred ig used to ferm a ligt of PCBe fer ddduling purposes. Gontext Save , Sduduling amd Die patching. Cont goue erforme Hawekesping Whenever com avant ere It pave the cru ptak of the ink rruphed proceae in ite Pcs Ttreupte procem would howe bem in the Turning ptat before 6teuvamce 4 out, the Gonkxt pave fonchon Chama ibe gtot to Steady. The event hondley mar change Hae process tok “blocked” if the current avmt war a seyeat for 2/o inikation by the interrypkd proces iteelf- The Bohudubin fumetion uses the procene prot information rom PCB, pelect a ready proce for exeahinm amo id to the dis pat ching frnctiom. ab up the Gmiext of the chetel poke up e gmd loads the Boek cpu. To promt lone pane ih The dapatching funchon yoceee , choco ib grou cee cru prob from ip PCB into the of prokcken , ik pluck the addres tramalakion bugfere uped bY the memory maraagument omit Camo]® Eg: A gi An 03 Gmtoin ho ine foo procemes PI halt : e § Ph. vith PL eg highs priority. Lue P2 be blodud inom J/o opera and PI ik ramming. the pollssing aches take place whem the to Complelion event ocwra ov the flo operation of P2. 4. The Comkxt pone gurckon w performed +" P1 amd ike prob it chomae d fo ready the duu information fda of FCBe the went L. Ueing handler finda that the Lo eperahim war inital by pz, go it chomges re ptabe of Pt fer blocked 4 seody it hon higher priotihy. 3. Sduduling Julich P2 0% wu. P2"e prot it chamged fo rumning & ikie dispatche Proce Switdring in 1,3 amd 4 Tn above example aprocun switdhing Jrappune yp when o fpenchiome- Switching of prom” abo sumning proc blocked - dow not lead to pwi either euuy became The wont tdi behoem procones if gousrence of the wet promi tion enly thol q the proc oy y Cou ma procs whope prioviy on whope operabin ip interrupt 2 dow nok Cause ip lower thom a by the went any ptot. tromitionIn casei th Iudul - : ae 7 ng fanchen pedlich inkrrupkd preeen 0 i . a My for dispatching. Tn cae 2 te scluduling rund not be dime at all. the dis patching firnction Aimply chamges the Btob ¢ process back to “Mumning amd dispatch tt. Switching behown Hu procenes abso reer pwitching the Cenkxt. Proven Busitdhing overhead dynes om the ptat information of a proceae - indirect overhead aa well. proces Bie | Precen puitcring The nely poudulid proceed mary vot Jrowe omy pax! ¢ ile address ppace in Hu cache amd go it may preform poorly unk! it builds pupticimt information in the cathe dhoa pome Event Homdlina — J The following wk ocuy during the operation of an os. 4. Proceap creaken went = A new procen it creakd Herminolion ouont: A proce complete ib opraken 2. Prowm The tmerv imerrypt oceure Procegy makes a rerource requsl A proce veleares a musturce 3. Timer wont = 1 Ruwurce veyaat wank > 5. Rucurce release wont 6 Blo imikiahen requnt unt: Precen wighes # imitak ow To opr 4.1/o compl chien ewunt: fm 2lo ope rabin Completis 2. Menge pond eet = yeceive event ! A menage ip dent by me precee & amottey A meapage ruceived by 0 proce pigual ig bent by me precen * ameter ig ruceivecl by precen 9. Menage igual pend went A a 3 pucive wont: fi rignal ib. Be programe interrupt: The current ivetrachm mal fw tions Ai hardware mel fucken wont? Gmpaby Nardware unit wal pomchonyEven! Genbo! Blok (ECB) the kernd must peardh the PCB 4 alk procespes. who om wot ercure, wut informahin fide of the 4 pdwmen # bperh up this pres Event 03 ww differen Gmtro! Bloke (ec) ore me ¢ Hrs poumes - —Evont Description Process id ECB poinky Event Gmbvol Block (€c8) ECB Cemtoim three fidds, the wont ducripion pied ducribes om wont, the preceee id fidd Canaied f id of othe preceee. Gunaiking the wont. whun tre prec Pi a” blocked fv greuremce ¢ om went 6, He kernd fore om £6 amd pubs aulwomt im forme Gmncer ning e@; amd Pinte it. A kernal a btparads Eee let 6% cach dom wonte Llo optrokone, Gam maintain po the meppagee oF 9 creatid ECB like inbey pracee? df mky te newly gts ig Use ob lint 9 ECBe - tee kernel econ the Oppropriade kat ha vwoat hing even duacsiphion. ECB pointe into 0” appro p! wh om wot OCHre, Ete of find om E68 Wi id fide indicat which proceae ie bathing Jor the hu proce he plot gf rocepe te drama cd fo t thin ‘ ong’ nt eck wont to OMUT. tr. OlUbsrmce d the wut.Gmmunication and Synchro migabion bow — Proceages Shaving, icahon need t inkyact with one omotnr Procegpes of am opp! ay thay work Boards a Gomme grt: there are four Kinda f proceee interachon Kinde Interaction Dercripken. Data Sharing Shared data may bewme incemaighent if Hu data ot the powme Aweval proceeey modify time. Himce procemes duetde wh it ie eafe fre or use shared dake. Only me p shoved danke ak amg Hrmey Renee hawe fo uot interact to prowet to rood: fy vouun ehould acceap the dots acctae in ene prow ‘mo be delayed Tf motu Preceee oeecee ing dota. Mie ie collid mutual exclusion. Mupage Paging Procem exchamge information by pendi geen meapage to ee ‘amothey. The othes proceee Com copy the information into ity oon data prruchavee oma ase iE. Both pondis amd receiver aunt omnbipale the date exchomge Synchronize on To pee & temmm gee! | proceepen aaae at their achvites amd perform their in adupived ovday. The proceae om a; ip mack b omother proceee performs ackiong Coordin actions that wigher wait umbl + peje ack Signals A pignak ip und b Corvuy grecuvmee fo exceptional pituahin & procepe. Th Code hak proces yo Haak wigha fe exeouk, on auceiving O pignal te cabled & digual homey@) Threads A ppliccahone tse Gimeno) processes te ped op the will be long dus i overhead haa overhead operakion. However pprocen paitduny Proven puitching large procese plate Tnformatien « two Compememt t x Sxccution velaled overtuact + The CPU plod. ef dhe Yummy proceay has bbe sowed yok the CY plals of new proven has w be loaded x Reource-upe ulated overhead 2 Proceap Gandexd pwrildring ‘ involve awilding the im formalin obowl neavurca ollocokd fo the procese- rogram thal uaa the nuova qhued ty om exenttim if toroagn en colt A procene creaky a thread of a preecet Ty dow not howe Tunourcer 4 ib own have no amlent LA ww the cmial of rocepe amd accepper Ihe Pasources “pacont { the proeeee "Threads ; oO poe anh com be used tp ducribe ‘the nulakomphip ef thread” a thread ome He prneae gach child prom through it greece Joctoren Com oreode thread fv achieve Gmoarrenct Figure below illushala the yelalionship behocon Threade & procene pi hor three ios implemontalion arranger indhding camiort ome rcB «J proceee p, obo o i eveualio Can be don in fyare Bach Ihseadk { Pr ip om ohEeMEN eon flack amd thread at hha ite fap. beackpregramy 2 Control blo [108]TCB ip pimi » P Bip pimilay ft PCB omd purer filroing information 4. Thnead tduduling informaiton ~ thread id 1 priority and Hab, 2 Cpu ptab Conjewds a3 PB) omd GPE C 3. Punks t+ PCB parent procepe 4 TCB pointer, which i¢ wad t woke Ligh 4 TBe f ededalir Pruceey i ———., e PCB Thready Comb vecere procep F, blocky (T¢8p) in two parte ths route tobe do pplite the proceee é tt eu ptob. ip appod alc Ups d terea : i é, phile Cl prod. remoine witn the process 0 win thread. Tne cont { cmnoxerunys ie | cath dared. The swource bake ching Joetwren ri unt ruplication df the cxewstion pode fe ( Vicohd nor poitched daring busi ip neither ttn of the precie’ Hora dp fee] (ay 1 ide aye i] ] Clienb : bana Multtiradd peg GHThread Stalis and Stal Tnampitiony & Only difference behocon threads amd proceed igomly threads are not allocakd with the swources. tmce threads omc tabi amd plak fromitiong are Bimilay fe procm btah amd atat. tramgitiong tohm the Apsead ip creakid it ie pul in the ready Atak because lp parent proceee Already hag Necespary nepource allocakd & ik. Dt take & Yumning tad. ce it duspatched 1+ dow not onks 40 blocked pak became f reoure sugpeet aA it clocs noi make omy usource raqqest Tt may entry to blocked tat. dur 4 process ayes enigabion reqpaivomer Advamt ages 4 threads Over procespen Advamtage Explanation Lowes overhead Thread Cemigh only Probe 4 computation. Resource of creahen § alloca omd Commumi cation tak are not a part pwitdhing of thread atot.. Hence Hhrtoda imoar lower Overhead More ffciont thveade of 0 preceee Cou cemmumicote With ene Commum ication amothey through Bhared dalor , true it onoide the overhead of ayhem calle fpr cam revon cart ov Simplifrcaton Upe d Hrveads cam Airmplify design ameh codin qn. reat that Bere equate Ceni r of dusign 4 arp! catone rvice vequate current qeceived om nese Buch Pepplicaton thot — Pervice requis! gwesvation OF bamking Ayptome called cliente - veg threads d impli fies are cold servers on aitline dpeir usere OFF duign thread.The perver Below figure Mwshraks airline Mwervation ae pervee thm made by the chien om rf peeral guqpuato are would have fe we omitrp the sequal ¢ fe after the Othey in @ qpeuke fo be arviced — Cmncurrent the perver Coonple® logic 4p pitch benmem the processing q veple In cmbost, & mublithreaded perver could creak 0 uo threac do Aervice each new requist i} neceivea amd Hominak the tovead oft gevvicing the regquat Gancusr ny ve implicit on ite Creation of threads. Figure phowe yulkthreaded pexver with Hnre Hireade 8 ft har suceived thyce rugpuele Creaken amd 4ermination g threada ie emmy tham Creakion amd but tte overhead Com of fect the ttamimnahen 4 proceeee, plyporrnomee of the pervey 6 climb make requeat at very high not. An asromgeraont colkd thread per! cam avoid thi, overhead by reusing Aneeads imkad af chahouing then ofhy pexvice. The thread peed. comiah 4 ome pri ma Hnread ann fe vor moaintaing 2% Wel + pending rugpnte worker Hhitads. Wha New re tia made, it amigna veqpust fo am idle worker thread if it exigh, Elpe veque untere onto pending xequst ligt key threade, The primary thread and a liet gf idle@ Whur a worker thread Completa aenicing 4 nequast , the prima Head cithey appigne @ new vequnt do the worker thread | to pavice or emkxe in the ligt 4 idle worker thread. The OS Could noni cag vary the number 4 threadla p provide ade qeok Cancurroney im the application Coding fer use threada Threads phould ure amd tynchronjation, features J or thie purpoee Fumehene 05 pubsoutines, covrecinese f data sharing postx theeads cam be Wed of uge etatic or giobal data 4 carry values across Aucceabive achydhliows yay produce incorrect yaubla wWhun invoked concurrently woithouk — amy mutual thread von pafe. trclusim, Such youline are known aoKemel-hev Thraely Thie ie implemun kd Ly the kemel, hence creation, Haminodien omd checking o theiy ptatup ip peformed through Aah cop. Thread Gente! Bloke (re) ia pg Pe Rei _ Scheduler 7 L Seleckd Te8 WDhon a preceee rnakep & creat thread. Aygo call, the kernd 7 . Thread Cries o Yaread , aveigre id wit and altecakn & Te wt P th Corto) Ble (tea). 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