MICRO-PROJECT REPORT

ON

“Filed survey to collect information about the

application of timing belt”

IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Submitted by

Name of Student Enrollment No

Madane. S. P 2111640172

Gore.D. S 2111640180

Madane.K. P 2111640248

UNDERTHEGUIDANCEOF

Prof. Wabale
MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SONIYA GANDHI POLYTECHNIC

SHRIGONDA-413701
 (2021-2022)

SONIYA GANDHI POLYTECHNIC

SHRIGONDA-413701

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Micro-Project Report entitled

“Filed survey to collect information about the

application of timing belt”
Submitted by
Name of Student Enrollment No

Madane. S. P 2111640172

Gore.D. S 2111640180

Madane.K. P 2111640248

Is the bonafide work completed in the academic year 2021-22

under my supervision and guidance
Prof. Wabale Prof.Khan.S.M
GUIDE HOD
 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the Micro-Project Report entitled “Filed survey to collect
information about the application of timing belt” was carried out and written by us
under the guidance of Prof. Wabale. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soniya
Gandhi Polytechnic, Shrigonda. This work has not previously formed the basis for the
award of any Diploma, Degree, or Certificate.

Date: -

Place: -

Name of Student Enrollment No Sign

Madane. S. P 2111640172

Gore.D. S 2111640180

Madane.K. P 2111640248

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We express our sincere gratitude to Prof. Wabale. of the Mechanical

Engineering Department for allowing us to accomplish a Micro-Project Report on the
“Filed survey to collect information about the application of timing belt”. This seminar
would not have been completed without his active support and guidance.

We are also thankful to respected HOD Prof. Khan.S.M as our guide as well as project
coordinator for consistent support, guidance & averted help in this seminar.
We are highly indebted for his help.

We are also thankful to all faculty members of the Mechanical Engineering

Department for their valuable suggestions and those who help us directly or indirectly
to complete our Micro-Project Work.

iv
 INDEX
Sr. No. Chapter Name Page No.

01 Timing Belts Design

and Function

02 The Function of
Timing Belts

03 Types of Timing Belts

04
Application of
timing belt

05 Advantages of
timing belt

06 Conclusion

v
 Timing Belts Design and Function

What are Timing Belts?

A timing belt is made of rubber with hard teeth capable of

interlocking with camshafts and crankshafts cogwheels. It is an
integral component of an internal combustion engine
responsible for synchronizing the rotation of the camshaft and
the crankshaft. It enables the proper opening and closing of the
valves of the engine during both the intake and exhaust strokes
of each cylinder.

Design of Timing Belts

There are two main components of a timing belt: the molded

cords inside the timing belt for carrying the torque load and the
plastic compound used to shape the teeth and cover the cord
itself. These components are available in different types of
materials for different types of timing belts. To determine the
type of materials to use, one has to consider the end use of the
belt. Timing belts’ cords are usually made out of fiberglass,
vi
polyester, or Kevlar. They transmit power in the drive system
through the belt.

The cord and the belt teeth are oriented at right angles with
each other so that the cord can linearly transmit the power
applied to the belt. An example of a belt that carries huge loads
is the serpentine belt utilized in automobile engines. In smaller
drive systems, elongation of the belt is minimal.

Belt stretch does not exist practically in small drive applications

since the cord materials are so strong about the loads that they
transmit. Too high loads can cause breakage of cords as well as
belt teeth jumping, or cogging over the pulley teeth. During the
construction of timing belts, a mold in which the plastic is
injected is present. The plastic is then injected into the mold
that already contains the wound cord and accurate tooth
profiles that are cut into the mold.

Timing Belt Teeth

Strong timing belt teeth are reliable for keeping the crank and
camshafts synchronized, and there is a wide range of metric
pitches for the teeth. Pitch is the distance measured from the
vii
center of one tooth to the center of another adjacent tooth on
a timing belt. Pitches impact other timing belt pulley factors
that include the number of teeth and diameter. Older timing
belts are designed using trapezoidal-shaped teeth when it
comes to teeth design.

Timing Belt Tooth Profiles

There are many different arrangements of timing belt teeth depending on the
desired application

tion and
environment.

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 Types of Timing Belts
Open-Ended Timing Belts
Open-ended timing belts are available in different types of
materials including extruded, thermoplastic polyurethane.
These types of belts are dimensionally stable and they are
made ideal for use in linear drive systems by their precise
positioning.

Applications of Timing Belts

Common Belt Drive Applications

In addition to an endless variety of industrial machine

applications, several ordinary objects can teach a lot about the
principles and applications of belt drives. There are a variety of
different everyday machines that employ a wide range of
different types of synchronous timing belt drive
systems. Sometimes the best way to gain a solid understanding
of how belt drives function is by studying their application in
common pieces of equipment to gain a more complete, real-

ix
world understanding of the types of industrial automation
applications in which they can be employed.

Automobile Timing Belt

Timing belts are used in timing belt/cam belt systems that are
present in most automobiles on roads across the whole world.
It can be said that the mobility of the modern world is greatly
made possible by the efficient operation of automobile timing
belts. The toothed timing belts available in automobile
applications are belts of high performance.

They consist of special materials for the coordination of the

rotational motion of the crankshaft of the engine with the
camshaft of the engine. To ensure the intake/exhaust valves in
the engine’s combustion chambers open properly at the precise
moment of expansion or compression, coordinated precision is
necessary. It is also necessary for ensuring the sustainable
continuation of the engine’s combustion process. This
coordination determines the pace of the engine, and if it
doesn’t function properly, combustion will not be possible.

A high level of synchronicity must be maintained extremely by

these belts, and they must also be able to perform under high
rotational speeds. The timing belts must be strong enough to
operate under high temperatures, wherever automobiles can
be driven.
x
Applications in Treadmills

Another great example of a belt-driven system is the treadmill.

The timing belt in this drive mechanism must not be confused
with the tread on which the runner directly runs. Rather, the
timing belt drive mechanism is the toothed, synchronous belt
that serves to transfer rotary motion from the central motor to
the drive pulley. The location of this drive is at the rear of the
treadmill, but sometimes it is positioned in the front. In
treadmills, flat friction timing belts can be used, as well as
toothed belts.

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Sewing Machines

A sewing machine is another everyday example of a belt-driven

system. The timing belt is utilized to transfer motion between
the sewing pulleys and the motor. Although it is not a high-
performance, high-load application, high-speed system like the
treadmill and the automobile, the sewing machine remains an
excellent example of the application of synchronous timing
belts. A sewing machine’s belt system is used to transfer the
main drive motor’s rotary motion to the larger spoon head to
drive the sewing mechanism.

CVT automatic transmission

xii
Advantages of Timing Belts
When timing belts are compared to flat or round belt drives they may
have disadvantages like:

 Timing belts have high costs

.
 They require initial alignment with the timing pulley.
 Timing belts are only used to transfer relatively low
power.
 They transfer power at relatively smaller distances.

Conclusion
These everyday machines provide a great overview of the types
of mechanical mechanisms and drive systems that are possible
thanks to the use of durable synchronous drive belts, and these
applications prove that a wide range of design loads and speeds
are feasible for synchronous belt drives. With these kinds of
power tools and system equipment available, it’s now up to the
industrial automation designer to push the boundaries of these
drives and find new areas of use within an increasingly diverse
range of potential applications.

xiii