Welcome To
Quarter 2 – Lesson 1
“The Human Person
as Embodied Spirit”
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What Is
It
Areyou aware that majority of us could recognize,
define and use a certain word every day without
knowing its role and true meaning? Do you believe
that there is a big difference between MAN,
PERSON, and HUMAN not only with the definition
but its usage to the society as a whole? Yes, I know
that these words are very common to us but this is
the right moment for us to know more about it! Are
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you with me?
Man
By definition, it is generally and
commonly define to represent the entire
human race.
Human
A term used to refer for various
classifications and species. For a living
man, human is under the classification of
Mamalia.
Human Being
A term used to separate man from other
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Human Classifications like animals.
Person
Refers to an individual who possess self-awareness,
self-determination, rational mind, and the capacity
to interact with other and with himself/herself.
Personhood
A general term refers to the state of being a person
with unique, sacred and ethical status within him/
herself.
Human Nature
A general term refers to the deepest and natural
behavior of a person that distinguish human from
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animals. A collective traits that formed and
considered the very essence of humanity. Nobody
can be considered man without human nature.
What is Human Person?
• The human and the person, respectively, are defined with
classified origin of species and persons with birth rights.
Human person is someone with an exact origin of
his/her classification.
From the biblical perspective, we came from Adam
and Eve. For Science, we came from an Ape under the
Class:Mamallia.
• Human person from time after time learned how to live
beyond what was traditional through the various human
evolutions from Hominid to Homo Sapiens or the Modern
Man people learn the concept of power, politics and
economics. These reasons served as basis which led to a
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more structured political and economic system. Thus,
rights of an individual is considered. A human person is
typically with a body which is tangible and has a three
components composed of SOUL, MIND and SPIRIT. Also,
he or she is entitled and granted rights and privileges by
the state which he or she legally belong.
Two general kinds to distinguish a human
person:
The Cognitive Self (something within and
cannot be physically seen) is the essential
components of a human persons that deals with
THE WHAT OF A PERSON which includes human
persons’ belief, desire, dreams, and intentions.
Physical Self (something can be seen in his/her
physical appearance) which deals with the
essential features of the human way of life or
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THE WHO OF A PERSON which includes his/her
body type, strength and appearances.
What is Embodied Spirit?
Embodied spirit is an animating core living within
each of us. It is known to be the driving force behind
what we actually think, do and say. It is indeed the
reflections of our total being by which our sensations
lead to our human feelings, emotions and decision.
The usual and known connotation that comes to our
mind when we hear the word “embodied” is always
materialized or became flesh (with physical form).
Thus, when we say “embodied spirit”, we normally
believed and conclude of a spirit becoming flesh. In the
context and views of Christian philosophy, the
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embodiment of the spirit particularly refers to the
inseparable union of human body and soul.
Inseparable which also means the body and soul work
together at all times. Hence, we can safely say that
“embodied spirit” that the body is not separate from
What is Human Person as Embodied Spirit?
As an embodied spirit human beings demonstrate
these following qualities (Abella, 2016):
1. “Self- awareness refers to person having a clear
perception of oneself, including his or her thoughts,
emotions, identity, and actions (Abella, 2016).” It is
the ability of one’s consciousness to look inward thus
discovering the presence of a self. The self is the
subject that thinks, feels and acts. It is your I amness
(Wilber, 2006). The self enables a person to
experience an inner world of dreams, thoughts,
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imagination, fantasy (Abella, 2016). Thus, the self
represents man’s interiority (loob in Filipino).
2. A human person is able to connect and interact with another
person, an animal or an inanimate object. We call this
externality. So even though human beings have interiority they
are not trapped inside their heads. They are able to go beyond
their limited selves and embrace others.
3. We are not determined by others. Because we have interiority;
we can direct the course of our own life. This is what we call self-
determination which is “the capability of persons to make
choices and decisions based on their own preferences, monitor
and regulate their actions, and be goal oriented and self-
directed” (Abella 2016) Thus human beings are free. However
since our actions are based on our decisions we have to realized
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that every decision has a consequence(s). There are some
actions that are good because they lead to good consequences
and some actions are bad because they lead to bad
consequences. The result of our freedom is morality which is “the
goodness or badness of an act” (Abella 2016)
4. Finally a human person has an inherent
value and importance. This is what we call
dignity. That is why no amount of money can
equal the value of a human life. This is also the
reason why individual rights are absolute
(Rand 1964). The American Founding Fathers
called rights as “inalienable” because it cannot
be separated from our humanity. If we are
stripped off of our rights we are stripped of our
humanity. That is why slaves (who have no
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rights) are not being treated as human.
Human Transcendence
St. Thomas Aquinas, a philosopher and one of the
greatest theologian in the Catholic Church in the 13th
century, said that “of all creatures, human beings have
the unique power to change themselves and things for
the better.” (Ramos, 2016). We have encountered
persons who complain of any given situations or accept
the reality or status in life as God-given thing. We
heard a man sighing on TV during the 14early stage of
Covid-19, “mahirap maging mahirap.” Though it is true
that poverty is not just personal but also structural, as
an individual person you know that you can do
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something to change the situation. This power is your
ability to surpass your limits. This is the definition of
Transcendence. You are able to transcend your limit
through your physical and mental abilities. (Abella,
2016).
Religion and philosophy teaches human beings to
overcome our limits. In technological parlance,
humans can upgrade themselves. Take for example,
Buddhism. Buddha realized that all people suffers.
Maybe in your case you just accept your own suffering
as part of life but not for Buddha. This reality ignited
his curiosity to examine and understand the word
suffering. He left his royal life in the palace and spent
his life for 6 years in the wilderness to find answers for
his questions. And when he sat under the Tree of
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Enlightenment for 40 days, voila he finds the answers.
The Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Paths.
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“The Eightfold Path” of
Buddhism”
1. Right view- a correct understanding of the nature
of things, specifically the Four Noble Truths;
2. Right intention, eliminating thoughts of
attachment, detestation, and harmful intent,
3. Right speech, abstaining from verbal offenses
such as lying, divisive speech, unforgiving speech,
and irrational speech,
4. Right action, refraining from physical offenses
such as murdering, thieving, and sexual
misbehavior,
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5. Right livelihood, evading trades that directly or
indirectly damage others, such as trading slaves,
weapons, animals for butchery, intoxicants, or
poisons,
6. Right effort, forsaking undesirable states of
mind that have already arisen, preventing
undesirable states that have yet to arise, and
sustaining positive states that have already arisen.
7. Right concentration, single-mindedness.
8. Right mindfulness, consciousness of body,
feelings, thought, and phenomena.
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How the Human Person Body Imposes Limits and
Possibilities for Transcendence
1. THE CONCEPT OF DREAD
Man simply thrown into the world and
is left alone to face what he can do
because he did not will for it.
2. THE CONCEPT OF BEING OTHERS-
RELATED
He has to establish relationship with
others− in the world.
3. THE CONCEPT OF CONCERN
Human person’s relatedness to
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entities is basically things which he
encounters in the world. He is
always “together” with others.
4. CONCEPT OF GUILT-FEELING
Guilt-feeling is something that is
lacking or missing in a person.
As such as human person is a
guilty creature.
5. THE CONCEPT OF CONSCIENCE
Conscience plays a primary role in
recovering from being “lost or
fallen” in the world.
6. THE CONCEPT OF
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RESOLUTENESS
Resoluteness is the man’s
readiness to be called by
conscience.
7. THE CONCEPT OF TEMPORALITY
A secular possession, especially the
properties and revenues of a
religious body or a member of the
clergy.
Imposes limits one’s human body.
8. THE CONCEPT OF DEATH
The human’s temporal existence
will find its end on death.
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