MYCOLOGY (APOLLON)
1. Characteristically, fungi:
• Members of the plant kingdom, Lack roots and stems, Lack chlorophyll
2. Coenocytic hyphae is a synonym for:
• Aseptate hyphae
3. Which type of mycoses produce no cellular response by the hose?
• Superficial mycoses
4. Which type of mycoses produce no cellular response by the host?
• Superficial mycoses
5. Arthroconidia on the outside of the hair as well as hyphae within the hair shaft is called:
• Ectothrix
6. True yeast produces which of the following in the asexual stage?
• Blastoconidia
7. Septate hyphae have:
• Divisions
8. Molds with aseptate hyphae produce a specialized hyphal structure called a:
• Sporagiospore
9. The basic, branching, intertwining structures of molds are referred to as:
• Mycelium
10. Arthroconidia are formed:
• Directly from the hyphae by fragmentation
11. Mycelia within the colony that grow into the substrate are called:
• Vegetative hyphae
12. Chlamydiospores that grow within the hyphae are referred to as:
• Intercalary
13. Budding forms in which the daughter cell forms as a bud from a single mother cell of forms laterally from a mycelium/pseudomycelium are called:
• Blastospores
14. Which of the following are the result of asexual reproduction?
• Ascospores
15. Conidia are:
• Asexual spores
16. Macroconidia are usually:
• Multicellular
17. The swollen portion of the conidiophore is called the:
• Vesicle
18. Which of the following statements does not apply to true yeasts?
• They exhibit thermal dimorphism
19. Conida with rough or spiny surfaces are described as:
• Echinulate
20. Conidia in chains are said to be
• Catenate
21. When preparing temporary mounts of fungal elements, why is the slide gently heated?
• Increases the rate of clearing
22. Which of the following acts as a clearing agent to eliminate debris and make fungal elements more prominent in skin, hair and nails?
• 10% KOH
23. Which is the stain in Aman medium?
• Cotton blue
24. Which of the following is a negative stain?
• India ink stain
25. In PAS stain, what colors denote the presence of glycogen?
• Red to violet
26. Which of the following stains is used for sharp delineation of fungal elements by fluorescent microscopy?
• Calcofluor white
27. When the fungus wall is invisible with the hematoxylin and eosin stain, which of the following may be used to re-stain the slide?
• PAS
28. Fungal elements in the acridine orange staining procedure:
• Fluoresces a green color
29. How does Mycosel medium differ from SDA?
• Contains chloramphenicol and cycloheximide
30. Which fungus medium is used for the primary isolation and maintenance of fungal cultures?
• SDA
31. What is the indicator in Dermatophyte Test Medium?
• Methyl red
32. If 1% glucose is added to cornmeal agar, Trichophyton rubrum can be differentiated from Trichophyton mentagrophytes by the production of:
• Ascospores
33. Fungi should be incubated at
• 35-37 C
34. How long should fungus cultures be held before reporting as negative?
• 5 days
35. Which of the following antibiotics can be added to a media for the isolation of pathogenic fungi from contaminated material?
• Cycloheximide and chloramphenicol
MYCOLOGY (APOLLON)
36. Which of the following media stimulates the production of chlamydiospores?
• Cornmeal agar
37. Which of the following media identifies species of Aspergillus?
• Czapeck’s Agar
38. A positive result for the hair-baiting test is:
• V-shaped penetration of hair shaft
39. A tinea infection is commonly referred to as
• Ringworm
40. Which of these organisms is the usual cause of white Piedra?
• T. beigelli
41. Tinea unguium is a dermatophyte infection of the:
• Nail playes
42. The favus type of tinea capitis is caused by which of the following?
• T. schoenleinii
43. Which of the following is/are anthrophulic?
• M. audouinii
44. Hairs infected with which of these dermatophytes fluoresce under Wood’s lamp?
• M. canis
45. Colonization by dermatophytic fungi of the hair, nails and skin is called:
• Dermatophytoses
46. Which of the following fungi is/are the cause of dermatophytosis?
• Epidermophyton, Trichophyton, Microsporum
47. Which of the ff produces macroconidia that are large, multicellular, and club-shaped with smooth walls?
• E. floccosum
48. Which of the statements is NOT true?
• T. rubrum is noted for its “balloon” forms
49. Which of the following produces small, very slow growing colonies and has favic chandeliers?
• T. schoenleinii
50. Which of the ff is diagnostic for chromoblastomycosis?
• Sclerotic body
51. Which of the ff are found in the yeast phase of Sporothrix schenckii on the culture medium at 37 C?
• Cigar-shaped yeast cells
52. Which of the ff is the result of an antigen-antibody reaction in cases of sporotrichosis?
• Asteroid body
53. In older mold cultures of S. schenckii, single conidia borne along the sides of the hyphae are referred as:
• Sleeve
54. Which of the ff infections are caused by dematiaceous saprobes that invade organs of immunosuppressed hosts?
• Phaohyphomycosis
55. The most common cause of mycetoma (maduramycosis) in the US us:
• Pseudoallescheria boydii
56. Dematiaceous fungi have colonies with:
• Surface and reverse side is dark
57. Which of the ff are a dematiaceous fungi?
• Phialophora and Cladosporium
58. Sclerotic bodies are found in tissue in an infection with
• Cladosporium
59. Infection of chromoblastomycosis is NOT caused by which of the ff fungi?
• Exophiala
60. A fungus that produce hyphae and spore forms are known as:
• Monomorphic
61. True fungi that produce hyphae and spore forms are known as
• Eumycotic
62. Which of the ff causes an infection by hyaline saprobes that invade most tissues or body fluids of immunosuppressed hosts?
• Aspergillus, Penicillium marneffei, Fusarium meniliforme
63. If you observe cleistothecia containing ascospores, report the organism as:
• Pseudoallescheria boydii
64. The actinomyces are best classified as:
• Fungus-like bacteria
65. Which of the ff is anaerobic, gram-positive but not acid-fast, and does not stain with fungal stains?
• Actinomyces israelii
66. Which of the ff has a capsule?
• C. neoformans
67. When culturing Cryptococcus on SDA, which of the ff antibiotics should not be in the medium?
• Cycloheximide
68. In the direct microscopic examination of CSF, which of the ff can be mistaken for a lymphocyte?
• Cryptococcus
69. Why does C. neoformans produce a brown color on Birdseed/Staib agar
• Assimilates creatinine
70. C. neoformans has the ff biochemical reaction/s?
• Urease positive, Inositol positive, Nitrate negatice
MYCOLOGY (APOLLON)
71. C. neoformans latex agglutination test on spinal fluid detects cryptococcal:
• Antigen
72. C. albicans produces
• Blastospores, Chlamydospores, Pseudohyphae
73. Which of the ff is another name for oral candidiasis?
• Thrush
74. A presumptive identification of C. albicans can be made by checking the ability of the organism to produce what structure with serum?
• Germ tube
75. Cornmeal agar Tween 80 is used to identify C. albicans through the organism’s production of
• Chlamydiospored
76. Geotrichum candidum colonies appear as
• Rapid, yeastlike growth
77. Laboratory works are in no danger when handing which form of dimorphic fungi?
• Yeast form (tissue)
78. Sepedonium produces spiny, tuberculate macroconidia but is a:
• Monomorphic mold
79. Which of the ff are procudes by G. candidum
• Rectangular, evenly staining arthroconidia
80. Which of the ff is/are dimorphic fungi?
• H. capsulatum, B. dermatitidis, P. brasiliensis
81. The tissue phase of H. capsulatum, characteristically shows
• Yeast cells within macrophages
82. The characteristic structures if the mycelial phase of H. capsulatum are:
• Tuberculate chlamydiospores
83. Leishmania can be differentiated from Histoplasma because Leishmania has
• Central nuclear material
84. Which of the ff tests may be used instead of conversion when identifying dimorphic fungi?
• Exoantigen test
85. In the mycelial form, B. dermatitidis produces
• Conidiophores that resemble lollipops
86. A yeast form with a single broad-based bus would identify an organism as:
• Blastomyces
87. The characteristic structures of the mycelial phase of blastomycosis are:
• Small pear-shaped conidia called “lollipops”
88. Yeastlike forms with multiple buds are characteristic forms associated with
• P. brasiliensis
89. Immature sperules of Coccidiodes are differebtiated from yeast forms of Blastomyces because:
• They never bud
90. Which of the ff fungi is a major biohazard to laboratory personnel?
• Coccidiodes immitis
91. The exoantigen test is a/am:
• Microscopic immunodiffusion test
92. In the exoantigen test for H. capsulatum, which bands are present in a positive result?
• H and/or M
93. When differentiating H. capsulatum from Leishmania using special fungus stains, Leishmania stains:
• Will not stain
94. Which of the bands in the exoantigen test form B. dermatitidis is present in a positive result?
• A
95. Which of the ff fungi produces a spherule that is filled with endospores?
• C. immitis
96. Zygomycosis is caused by which of the ff genera?
• Mucor & Rhizopus
97. Fungal elements in zygomycosis show hyphae that are:
• Broad and nonseptate
