Secondary 2 (Session 4)

Set A
1. Which of the following has the largest volume?
A. 39.7 gallons
B. 633 cups
C. 162 quarts
D. 8 ft^3
E. 100 in^3
Answer: D. 8 ft^3
Solution:

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑜 𝑖𝑛3

39.7 𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑠 = 9171 𝑖𝑛3

633 𝑐𝑢𝑝𝑠 = 9139 𝑖𝑛3

162 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑠 = 9355 𝑖𝑛3

8 𝑓𝑡 3 = 13824 𝑖𝑛3

100 𝑖𝑛3

𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑖𝑠 8 𝑓𝑡 3

2. Given 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 are nonzero real numbers such that 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0. Determine the number of possible values for
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝑥𝑦𝑧
|𝑥|
+ |𝑦| + |𝑧| + |𝑥𝑦𝑧|

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
E. Infinite
Answer: 1
Solution:
 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 𝑒𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 1 𝑜𝑟 − 1
𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎) 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑚 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒, 𝑏) 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑚 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒
𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠, 𝑖𝑡 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑒𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑠 0. 𝑇ℎ𝑢𝑠 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
3. Suppose 100! + 99! + 98! + 97! Is divisible by 3𝑛 . Where 𝑛 is an integer. Determine the greatest possible value of
𝑛
A. 42
B. 43
C. 45
D. 48
E. 50
Answer: 48
Solution:
97! (100 × 99 × 98 + 99 × 98 + 98 + 1)
97! × 980001
𝑛𝑜𝑤, 980001 = 32 × 11 × 19 × 521
𝑎𝑛𝑑 97! ℎ𝑎𝑠 46 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠
𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑏𝑒 2 + 46 = 48 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠

4. A certain expression is expressed as (… (2(2(2(2 + 1) + 1) + 1) + 1) … ) Suppose there are eight 2s and eight 8s
in the expression, determine its value.
Answer: 511
Solution:
2+1=3
2(3) + 1 = 7
2(7) + 1 = 15
2(15) + 1 = 31
2(31) + 1 = 63
2(63) + 1 = 127
2(127) + 1 = 255
2(255) + 1 = 511

5. Two nonzero real numbers 𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵 exist such that their sum is twice their product. Determine the sum of their
reciprocals
A. -1
B. 0
C. 1
D. 2
E. 4
Answer: 2
Solution:
𝐴 + 𝐵 = 2𝐴𝐵
𝐴 𝐵
+ =2
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐵
1 1
+ =2
𝐵 𝐴

6. Suppose a rectangle with integer sides is drawn. Which of the following cannot be a valid value of the sum of the
area and the perimeter?
A. 196
B. 206
C. 214
D. 216
E. 226
Answer: 206
𝐴 = 𝑙𝑤
𝑃 = 2𝑙 + 2𝑤
𝐴 + 𝑃 = 2𝑙 + 2𝑤 + 𝑙𝑤
𝐴 + 𝑃 = (𝑙 + 2)(𝑤 + 2) − 4
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑏𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑠 206
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 214 = (𝑙 + 2)(𝑤 + 2) − 4
𝑤𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 2 × 109 = (𝑙 + 2)(𝑤 + 2)
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑤𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑏𝑒 0

1
7. Convert 28 7 fortnights into days

A. 365
B. 365.25
C. 377
D. 390
E. 394
Answer: 394
Solution:
1 14 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
28 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑛𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑠 × = 394 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
7 1 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑛𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
8. There are three games of chance. Game A allows you to play 3 times, each with a winning chance of 1/3. Game B
allows you to play 4 times, each with a winning chance of 1/4. Game C allows you to play 6 times, each with a 1/5
chance to win. In which of the following are you most likely to win?
A. Game A
B. Game B
C. Game C
D. Either Game A or Game B
E. They all have the same probability
Answer: Game C
Solution:

1 3 19
𝐴: 1 − (1 − ) =
3 27
1 4 175
𝐵: 1 − (1 − ) =
4 256
1 6 11529
𝐶: 1 − (1 − ) =
5 15625
𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑒, 𝐶 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑡

9. The statement “It is possible to obtain an equation of a parabola using a point and a line that are not touching the
parabola” is:
A. True for some cases
B. True if and only if the point is the vertex and the line touches the parabola twice.
C. True if, and only if the point is on the line.
D. False for all cases
E. False if the point is on the axis of symmetry
Answer: A. True for some cases

10. January 1, 2021 is a Friday. Determine the day of the week of August 25, 2022
A. Sunday
B. Monday
C. Tuesday
D. Wednesday
E. Thursday
Answer: Thursday
Solution:
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 601 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐽𝑎𝑛 1 2021 𝑡𝑜 𝐴𝑢𝑔 25 2022
601
= 85 𝑅 6
7
6 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐹𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑟𝑠𝑑𝑎𝑦
 Set B
1 1
11. Suppose 𝑥 is a real number with the property 𝑥 + 𝑥 = 9. Suppose 𝑆𝑚 = 𝑥 𝑚 − 𝑥 𝑚, determine the value of 𝑆4 .

Answer:77√177
Solution:
1 1 1
𝑥4 + 4
= (𝑥 2 + 2 ) (𝑥 2 − 2 )
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
1
(𝑥 2 + ) = 92 − 2 = 79
𝑥2
𝑛𝑜𝑤
1
𝑥4 + = 792 − 2 = 6239
𝑥4
1
𝑥4 − 2 + = 6237
𝑥4
1
(𝑥 2 − ) = √6237 = 9√77
𝑥2
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒
1 1 1
𝑥4 + = (𝑥 2
+ ) (𝑥 2
− ) = 79 × 9√77 = 711√77
𝑥4 𝑥2 𝑥2

12. Determine the sum of the roots of 𝑥 3 + 10𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 120

Answer: -10
(𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 3)

𝑥 = −8, −5, 3
−8 − 5 + 3 = −10
𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦
𝑏 10
− =− = −10
𝑎 1

13. 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑 are non-negative integers whose numbers are written at random such that they sum up to 16.
Determine the probability that all four integers are the same.
Answer: 1/969
Solution:
1 1
=
(16 + 4 − 1)𝐶(4 − 1) 969
14. For all real x, determine the minimum value of y in 4𝑥 + 𝑦 + 18 = 2(𝑥 − 2)2
Answer: -28
Solution:

𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 8 − 4𝑥 − 18

𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 − 10

𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 18 − 28

𝑦 = 2(𝑥 − 3)2 − 28
𝑘 = −28

15. Suppose (𝑥 − 2)2 = 𝑦 + 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝑦 − 2)2 = 𝑥 + 4. Determine the values of 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2

Answer: 15, 0, 50
Solution:

𝑥 = (𝑦 − 2)2 − 4
((𝑦 − 2)2 − 6)2 = 𝑦 + 4

𝑦 4 − 8𝑦 3 + 12𝑦 2 + 15𝑦 = 0

𝑦(𝑦 − 5)(𝑦 2 − 3𝑦 − 3) = 0

3 + √21
𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑦 = 0, 𝑦 = 5, 𝑦 =
2
𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 𝑦

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑏𝑒 0, 15, 50

16. Suppose the 17th term of the Fibonacci sequence is 1597, and the 15th term is 610. Determine the sum of the
first 18 terms of the Fibonacci sequence
Answer: 6764
Solution:
15𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 610
16𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 987
17𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 1597
18𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 2584
19𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 4181
20𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 6765
6765 − 1 = 6764

17. Divide 𝑥 4 + 3𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 10 by 𝑥 2 − 2
Answer: 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 5
Solution:

𝑥 4 + 3𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 10 = (𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 2 − 2)

𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑥 2 − 2,

= 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 5

18. A line passes through the points (2, ½ ) and (8, 5). Suppose the line is expressed as 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑐 where (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐)
are integers, and x is positive. determine the minimum value of 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐.
Answer: 3
𝑦2 − 𝑦1 3
𝑚= =
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 4
3
𝑦= 𝑥+𝑏
4
𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 8, 𝑦 = 5
𝑏 = −1
3
𝑦= 𝑥−1
4
3
𝑥−𝑦 =1
4
3𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 4
3−4+4=3

19. Simplify √177 + 20√38

Answer: 5 + 2√38
Solution:

√25 + 5 ∗ 2√38 + 152

√(5 + 2√38)2

5 + 2√38

20. Convert 1609 kilometers to yards (Use 1 mile = x kilometer with 3 decimal places)
Answer: 1760000
1 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒 1760
1609 𝑘𝑚 × × = 1760000 𝑦𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑠
1.609 𝑘𝑚 1 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒
21. Four dice are thrown, determine the number of ways that the sum of the three dice is 20
Answer: 35
Solution:
4 × 6 = 24
24 − 20 = 4
(4 + 4 − 1)𝐶(4 − 1) = 35

22. Convert 50 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑚3

Answer: 50000
Solution:
1000 𝑐𝑚3
50 𝐿 × = 50000 𝑐𝑚3
1𝐿

23. Integers are drawn from 0 𝑡𝑜 8 at random from a box, determine the probability that the value of the first draw
is higher than the second, and the second is higher than the third.
Answer: 1/6
Solution:
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 1 + 3 + 6 + 10 + ⋯ + 28 = 84 𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (9 − 2 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠)
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 8𝑃3 𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑤, 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 504
84 1
=
504 6

24. Half of a circle is inscribed in right Triangle ABC. If ̅̅̅̅

𝐴𝐶 = 50 ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 = 30, determine the radius of the circle

Answer: 15
Solution:
 1
𝐴 = (30 + 30)(40) = 1200
2
1 1
𝑠𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 𝑃 = (50 + 50 + 30 + 30) = 80
2 2
1200
= 15
80

25. Determine the number of factors of 164 − 124

Answer: 54
Solution:
𝑏𝑦 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠,
(162 + 122 )(16 + 12)(16 − 12)
(400)(28)(4)
(24 × 52 )(22 × 7)(22 )

(28 × 52 × 71 )
(8 + 1) × (2 + 1) × (1 + 1) = 54