Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Schools Division of Surigao del Norte
Mainit District 1
Mainit National High School
Mainit, Surigao del Norte
HEALTH 9
Learning Activity Sheet
Quarter 3, Week 6-8
Content Standard: Demonstrates understanding of first aid principles and procedures.
Performance Standard: Performs first aid procedures with accuracy.
Learning Competency: Demonstrates proper first aid procedures for common unintentional injuries.
ACTIVITY: Think! Write!
Direction: List down injuries that may happen at home or in school. Write them in the box.
ABSTRACTION:
First Aid for Common Unintentional Injuries
Unintentional injuries cannot be avoided. It happens at any time, at any place to anybody. We must
therefore practice safety awareness at all times. But when injuries happen, appropriate knowledge and
skills of the proper application on first aid could greatly help in alleviating pain, preventing further injury,
prolonging and even save lives.
The following are common unintentional injuries and their first aid.
A. Fracture is a break or crack in a bone. An open fracture
pieces the skin surface while In a closed fracture, the skin above
is intact.
First Aid:
1. Check vital signs
2. Do not move the injured part
3. Stop bleeding if there is any
4. If you have to move the person, immobilize the broken part by
splinting
5. Seek medical help immediately.
B. Sprain is an injury to a ligaments of a bone due to accidental tearing or overstretching.
Strain is an injury to the muscles which is a result of improper
use of the muscles.
First Aid:
1. Rest the injured part
2. Apply ice
3. Compress the injured part
4. Elevate the injured part
C. Dislocation is a partial or complete displacement of the bones
First Aid:
1. Call for help immediately
2. Splint the affected part
3. Do not try to move a dislocated part or force it back into
place
4. Apply ice on the injured part to reduce swelling
D. Heat Exhaustion is caused by loss of salt and water due to excessively high temperature. This may
lead to heatstroke and even death.
First Aid:
1. Transport a victim to a cool place
2. Give him/her plenty of water
3. Check for vital signs
4. Seek medical help
E. Food Poisoning is caused by consuming food or drink that is contaminated with bacteria of viruses.
First Aid:
1. Help the person to lie down and rest
2. Give him plenty of flavorless fluids to drink and a bowl to
use if he vomits
3. Call for medical help if the condition worsens.
F. Drowning happens when air cannot get into the lungs because of water. It can cause immediate death
when taken for granted.
First Aid:
1. Lay the person down on his/her back
2. Check breathing and open the airway
3. Give rescue breaths and chest compression if necessary
4. If the person is breathing, place him/her in the recovery
position.
5. Treat for hypothemia by removing wet clothing and
covering him/her with a dry blanket
G. Heart Attack is caused by a sudden obstruction of blood supply to the part of the heart muscles.
First Aid:
1. Help the person sit or lie down with head elevated.
2. Call for medical help
3. If the person is conscious, give him/her a full dose aspirin
and advise him/her to chew it slowly.
4. Constantly monitor the vital signs. Be prepared to give
rescue breaths and chest compression.
H. Heat Stroke is caused by a failure of the “thermostat” in the brain to regulate body temperature. When
this happens, the body becomes seriously heated.
First Aid:
1. Move the person immediately to a cool place
2. Remove as much of his outer clothing as possible
3. Call for medical help
4. Wrap the person in a cold, wet sheet and keep the sheet
wet until his temperature drops to 38 0C or 37.5 0C under the
tongue or armpit, respectively.
5. If the person has returned to normal temperature replace
wet sheet with a dry one.
6. Monitor vital signs until help arrives.
7. If temperature rises, repeat the cooling process.
I. Stroke is the condition in which the blood supply to the part of the brain is suddenly and seriously
impaired by a blood clot or ruptured blood vessel.
First Aid:
1. If the person is conscious, help him to lie down with his
head and shoulders slightly raised and supported.
2. Incline his head to the affected side and place a towel on
his shoulder to absorb any dribbling.
3. Call for help
4. Loosen any tight clothing.
5. Monitor vital signs and reassure the victim.
6. If the victim is unconscious, give rescue breathing and
chest compression.
7. Call an ambulance or call for help.
J. Chemical Burns may occur when electricity passes through the body.
First Aid:
1. Make sure that contact with electrical source is broken.
2. Flood the sites of injury at the entry and exit points of the
current with plenty of cold water.
3. Wear disposable gloves and place a sterile dressing or a
bandage over the burn to protect it from airborne infection.
4. Call for medical help.
5. Reassure the victim and treat for shock.
K. Burns are often due to domestic incidents such as touching a hot iron, friction (rope burn) or spilling
boiling water on the skin.
First Aid:
1. For minor burns, flood the injured area with cold water for
atleast how long to stop burning and relieve pain.
2. Put on gloves and cover the area with sterile non-adhesive
dressing or bandage.
3. For severe burns, help the person to lie down and prevent
the burnt area from coming into contact with the ground.
Douse the burn with plenty of cold liquid.
4. Seek for medical assistance. Do not delay medical help.
5. Wear disposable gloves and gently remove any rings, watches, belts, shoes or
smouldering clothing before the tissues begin to swell.
6. Carefully remove any burnt clothing, unless it is sticking to the skin. Cover the burnt
area with non-adhesive dressing or bandage.
7. Continue to monitor vital signs.
8. Reassure casualty and treat for shock.
L. Choking results when a foreign object blocks the throat.
First Aid:
1. Ask the person if he is choking
2. Encourage him/her to cough
3. When the person cannot speak or stops coughing, give him
five back blows. Stand behind him and help him lean forward.
Support his chest with one hand and give five sharp blows
between the shoulder blades with the heel of your hand.
4. If back blows fail, try abdominal thrusts. Stand behind the
person and put your arms around the upper part of his
abdomen. Clench your fist with thumbs inward. Place it
between the navel and the bottom of breastbone. Grasp your
fist with your other hand. Pull sharply inwards and upwards up
to five times.
5. Check his mouth. If obstruction is not cleared, repeat the back blows and abdominal
thrust.
6. If the obstruction still has not cleared, call for an ambulance. Continue until help
arrives.
ANALYSIS: Case Analysis
Direction: Read and analyze the given situation below. Give the possible unintentional injuries and
its corresponding first aid.
Scenario:
In one household, things are not properly arranged. Knives are put in a place where children can
easily reach. Fruit and vegetable peelings are not properly thrown. Detergent bars and other laundry
materials have no labels.
A child is playing in the living while the mother is cooking.
1. Present one injury that can possibly happen in the situation.
2. If you were in the situation when the injury happened, how are you going to
help the victim?
APPLICATION:
Direction: Create a collage that depicts the first aid application for unintentional injuries. You
can cut and paste pictures or any other materials to make your output creative. Good luck!
