FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE, ARTS AND HUMANITIES

FOUNDATION IN ARTS

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STUDENT’S NAME IMAN SYAKIRAH BINTI JUNAIDI

STUDENT’S MATRIC NO 1125210119712

YEAR/SEMESTER YEAR 1, SEMESTER 1

SUBJECT NAME/ FABC 2133

LECTURER’S NAME MS SHEILA

ASSIGNMENT TITLE HIPHOP CULTURE

REFERENCES 10-20

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INTRODUCTION

Hip-hop originated in the 1970s. Hip-hop, a cultural trend that became well known in
the 1980s and 1990s; also, supporting music for rap, a type of music that incorporated the
most enduring and powerful art of the movement, rhythmic or rhyme speech. It was a direct
product of overflowing imagination, energy repression, and the lack of available outlets in a
deprived environment for the release and speech of teenagers and young adults in the local
area. Support was dropped for after-school activities, music, and art courses. Hip-hop
originated in the 1970s. The effect was gangs and violence due to lack of recreational
facilities. Together with DJ Kool Herc, Busy Bee Starski, and DJ Hollywood, Africa
Bambaataa started organizing block parties in the Bronx area, beginning the humble
beginnings of hip hop. The result of their efforts has grown into what is known as the hip hop
culture of today.

THE ORIGINS OF HIPHOP

The term "hip-hop" is a complex culture, although widely considered to have been
synonyms for rap music: deejaying, or turntabling, rapping, also known as "MCing" or
"rhyming," graffiti painting, also known as "graf" or "writing"; and B-boying, which covers
hip-hop dance, style and attitude, along with the kind of boyish body language that is defined
by philosopher Cornel West. (A fifth element, 'self-awareness experience,' is sometimes
added to a list of Hip-Hop elements, particularly of socially aware hip-hop artists and
experts.) Hip-hop emerged in the Section of New York city of South Bronx, which was
mainly African American in the late 70s. As the hip-hop revolution started at the margins of
society, its roots are enveloped by mythology, mystery and disguise.

The culture elements which first received media attention had the least lasting impact,
graffiti and break dancing. Reputedly, a Greek youth, who signed Taki 183 (his name and
route, 183rd Street) at walls across the New York City subway system, began the graffiti
movement around 1972. In 1975, young people in Bronx, Queens and Brooklyn robbed the
train yards in darkness and sprayed paintings of their faces, pictures from underground
comics and TV, and even Campbell-like soup cans on the sides of subway vehicles. In the
United States, Europe and Japan, prominent art dealers soon exhibited graffiti at major
galleries. The Metropolitan Transit Authority of New York City responded with the help of
dogs, barbed-wire fencing, paint-removing baths and police undercover.

(The Empire State Building towering over a wall of graffiti in New York City.)

THE OLD SCHOOL

Old school hip hop usually ranges from the movement's roots in the 1970s up to the
mid-1980s. DJ Kool Herc was the first big hip hop deejay. Kool Herc was influential in
producing the sounds synonymous of Hip Hop like drumbeats or recording scratches by
mixing percussive beats with popular dance music.

Hip hop Deejays has created innovative techniques such as throws and scratches
influenced by Kool Herc and his peers. Kool Herc also made the rap famous, drawn on West
African griots' rituals, blues music, black power poetry and more.

The genre started to attract national attention by the end of the old school hip hop era.
The album "Rapper's Delight (released in 1979) by the Sugarhill Gang rocked the national
music charts into a new generation of singers, producers and dancers and introduced
audiences to this new kind of music worldwide.
THE NEW SCHOOL

The next rappers' wave, the new school, took centre stage in the mid-1980s. Run-
D.M.C., a trio of middle-class Americans who mixed rap with heavy rock, established a
modern trendy dress trend and became the key element in bringing rap to a mass audience,
was a leading force. One of the new labels, Run-D.M.C., was registered for Profile, which
benefits the increasing rap music industry. Rap's classical time (1979–93) included important
works from De La Soul, whose Tommy Boy debut album of 3 Feet High and Rising (1989)
pointing to a different and more playful path – and women rappers including Queen Latifah
and Salt-n-Pepa who gave an antidote to rap's mostly misogynistic and mostly male
perspective.

Though common mostly among African American urban men for a long time, hip-hop
became the most popular form of music in the United States in the late 1990s (at least partly
by feeding the appetite of some white suburbanites for vicarious thrills). It has a worldwide
reach with tremendous crowds and pools of artists from cities like Paris, Tokyo, Sydney,
Cape Town, London and Bristol (where the spin-off trip-hop originated). They have produced
enormous sales of fashion accessories, beer, computer devices and automotive industries
popularised by artists from hip-hops on cable channels such as MTV and The Box and in hip-
hop oriented magazines such as The Source and Vibe

HIPHOP IN 21ST CENTURY

For the music industry, the 21st century was a hard period. The development of
streaming media influenced all kinds of services, including hip hop. In terms of its monetary
impact, hip hop maintains its reputation and influences artists of all kinds. Hip hop has
expanded far beyond its east and west coastal origins in the last decade or so. In New
Orleans, Atlanta, Houston and Detroit as well as elsewhere in the United States new
epicentres of the genre have arisen.

Using the initial four pillars, Hip Hop artists have been building on all parts of
American culture, ranging from dance (think Beyoncé’s show stop productions) to fashion
(where artists such as Kanye West have started lines) and politics (Barack Obama referenced
Jay Z several times during his 2008 campaign). Although there is still no certainty about the
future of the music industry, one thing is sure: hip hop exists.
 REFERENCE

 Introduction to the Hip Hop culture. [Link]. (2021). Retrieved 10 March 2021,
from [Link]
 hip-hop | Definition, History, Culture, & Facts. Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2021). Retrieved 10
March 2021, from [Link]
 Milliman, H. (2021). The Complete History of Hip Hop. [Link]. Retrieved 10
March 2021, from [Link]