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Conductometric Titration

This document describes a method to determine the strength of a given acid using conductometric titration. The conductivity of an acid solution is measured as it is titrated with sodium hydroxide. A graph of conductivity versus volume of sodium hydroxide added shows two linear regions intersecting at the equivalence point, indicating when all the acid has been neutralized. This equivalence point volume is used to calculate the normality of the original acid solution.

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Delin Shaji John
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1K views2 pages

Conductometric Titration

This document describes a method to determine the strength of a given acid using conductometric titration. The conductivity of an acid solution is measured as it is titrated with sodium hydroxide. A graph of conductivity versus volume of sodium hydroxide added shows two linear regions intersecting at the equivalence point, indicating when all the acid has been neutralized. This equivalence point volume is used to calculate the normality of the original acid solution.

Uploaded by

Delin Shaji John
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Determination of strength of given acid by conductometric measurements

Principle

The concentration of a strong acid can be determined by conductometric measurements. The


conductance of a solution of an electrolyte is due to the presence of ions. The change in
conductance of a solution by the addition of removal of ions may be employed to follow the
course of a titration. When a solution of HCl is titrated with NaOH, the reaction may be
represented ionically as follows.

HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O

H+ + Cl- + Na+ + OH- Na+ + Cl- + H2O

The conductance of HCl is due to chloride ions and the fast moving hydrogen ions. When it is
heated with NaOH solution the conductance of the resulting solution will decrease. It is because
the highly conducting hydrogen ions are removed as unionized water molecules. Progressive
decrease in conductance will take place until the equivalence point is reached. After the
equivalence point the addition of NaOH provides fast moving hydroxyl ions. Consequently, the
conductance of the solution increases.

When the measured values of conductance at various stages of neutralization reaction are plotted
as function of volume of alkali added, two lines are obtained. These are extrapolated and the
point of intersection is noted. This point provides the exact point of neutralization or the volume
of alkali required to neutralize the acid.

Conductance (mS)

Volume of NaOH (ml)

Procedure

The given hydrochloric acid is made upto 100 ml in a standard flask. 10 ml of this solution is
transferred into a 250 ml beaker using a pipette. The solution is diluted with 100 ml of distilled
water. The conductivity cell is dipped into a solution. The electrode plates are allowed to
immerse completely in the solution. 1 ml of sodium hydroxide is added from a burette into the
beaker. The resulting solution is stirred well with a glass rod and the conductance is noted.

The conductance measurements are repeated by adding sodium hydroxide solution step by step,
about 1 ml at a time. The measured values of conductance are plotted as a function of volume of
alkali added. Two lines are obtained. These lines are extrapolated and the point of intersection is
noted. The volume of alkali required to neutralize the acid is marked.

Observations

Volume of NaOH (mL) Conductance (mS)


0 …..
1 …..
2 …..
3 …..
…. …..
…. …..
…. …..

Equivalence point from the graph = V2 mL

Volume of HCl solution V1 = 10 mL

Normality of sodium hydroxide = N2

Volume of sodium hydroxide solution = V2 mL

Normality of HCl solution = N2xV2/10

Result

Normality of given HCl solution = …N

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