Proposed Syllabus

for B.Sc.
Mathematics
paper for
6 semesters
under Revised
Choice Based
Credit Scheme
(CBCS)

Effective from the

academic year 2020 - 21

Department of Mathematics
Bangalore University

1
 Structure of B.Sc. Mathematics papers

Instruction Duration of Marks

Subjects Paper hrs/week Exam(hrs) Credits
IA Exam Total
I Semester
Mathematics
paper with Theory 4 3 30 70 100 2
practicals of Practical 3 3 15 35 50 1
3credits
II Semester
Mathematics
paper with Theory 4 3 30 70 100 2
practicals of Practical 3 3 15 35 50 1
3credits
III Semester
Mathematics
paper with Theory 4 3 30 70 100 2
practicals of Practical 3 3 15 35 50 1
3credits
IV Semester
Mathematics
paper with Theory 4 3 30 70 100 2
practicals of Practical 3 3 15 35 50 1
3credits
V Semester

Two Theory 3 3 30 70 100 2

Mathematics Practical 3 3 15 35 50 1

papers with
practicals of 3 Theory 3 3 30 70 100 2
credits each Practical 3 3 15 35 50 1

VI Semester

Two 3 3 30 70 100 2
Theory
Mathematics 3 3 15 35 50 1
Practical
papers with
practicals of 3
Theory
credits each 3 3 30 70 100 2
Practical
3 3 15 35 50 1

Note: The structure of the syllabus of mathematics paper of B. Sc. is included in the structure of
M.Sc. (Mathematics) syllabus.

2
 MISSION AND VISION OF THE NEW SYLLABUS IN MATHEMATICS
Mission
 Improve retention of mathematical concepts in the student.
 To develop a spirit of inquiry in the student.
 To improve the perspective of students on mathematics as per modern requirement.
 To initiate students to enjoy mathematics, pose and solve meaningful problems, to use
abstraction to perceive relationships and structure and to understand the basic structure of
mathematics.
 To enable the teacher to demonstrate, explain and reinforce abstract mathematical ideas by
using concrete objects, models, charts, graphs, pictures, posters with the help of FOSS tools
on a computer.
 To make the learning process student-friendly by having a shift in focus in mathematical
teaching, especially in the mathematical learning environment.
 Exploit techno-savvy nature in the student to overcome math-phobia.
 Propagate FOSS (Free and open source software) tools amongst students and teachers as per
vision document of National Mission for Education.
 To set up a mathematics laboratory in every college in order to help students in the
exploration of mathematical concepts through activities and experimentation.
 To orient students towards relating Mathematics to applications.
Vision
 To remedy Math phobia through authentic learning based on hands-on experience with
computers.
 To foster experimental, problem-oriented and discovery learning of mathematics.
 To show that ICT can be a panacea for quality and efficient education when properly
integratedand accepted.
 To prove that the activity-centered mathematics laboratory places the student in a problem
solving situation and then through self exploration and discovery habituates the student into
providing a solution to the problem based on his or her experience, needs, and interests.
 To provide greater scope for individual participation in the process of learning and becoming
autonomous learners.
 To provide scope for greater involvement of both the mind and the hand which facilitates
cognition?
 To ultimately see that the learning of mathematics becomes more alive, vibrant, relevant and
meaningful; a program that paves the way to seek and understand the world around them. A
possible by-product of such an exercise is that math-phobia can be gradually reduced
amongst students.
 To help the student build interest and confidence in learning the subject.
Support system for Students and Teachers in understanding and learning FOSS TOOLS:
As a national level initiative towards learning FOSS tools, IIT Bombay for MHRD, Government of India
is giving free training to teachers interested in learning open source soft wares like scilab, maxima,
python, octave, geogebraand others.
(website: http://spoken-tutorial.org ; email: contact@spoken-tutorial.org ;
info@spokentutorial.org)
---
 REVISED SYLLABUS
FIRST SEMESTER
MATHEMATICS – I
(4 lecture hours per week+3 hours of practical /week per batch of not more than 15
students)
(56 HOURS)
THEORY
1. ALGEBRA - I
Matrices
Elementary row and column transformations (operations), equivalent matrices,
theorems on it. Row- reduced echelon form, Normal form of a matrix, Rank of a matrix,
Problems.
Homogeneous and Non – Homogeneous systems of m linear equations in n unknowns
consistency criterion – criterion for uniqueness of solutions.
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of a square matrix of order 2 and 3, standard properties,
Matrix polynomial, Cayley-Hamilton theorem (with proof). Finding A 1,A 2 and
A 2,A 3,A 4. Application Problems. (14 lecture hours)

2. CALCULUS – I
a) Differential Calculus
Successive Differentiation - nth derivatives of the functions: eax+b , (ax + b)n, log(ax + b),
sin(ax + b) , cos(ax + b), eaxsin(bx+ c), eaxcos(bx + c) – Problems. Leibnitz theorem (with
proof) and its applications.
Partial differentiation –Function of two and three variables - First and higher order
derivatives - Homogeneous functions – derivatives- Euler's theorem and its extension (with
proof) - Total derivative and differential - Differentiation of implicit functions and
composite functions – Problems - Jacobians – Properties of Jacobians problems.
Application Problems

b) Integral Calculus
 sin x dx ,  cos x dx ,  tan x dx ,  cot
n n n n
Reduction formulae for x dx ,

 sec x dx ,  cosec x dx ,  sin

n n m
x cos n x dx , with definite limit - problems. Differentiation
under integral sign by Leibnitz rule- problems. (28 lecture hours)

3. GEOMETRY
Analytical Geometry of Three Dimensions
Recapitulation of elements of three dimensional geometry- Equation of the sphere in
general and standard forms - equation of a sphere with given ends of a diameter. Tangent
plane to a sphere, orthogonality of spheres.
Standard equations of right circular cone and right circular cylinder and problems.
(14 lecture hours)
4
 Note: All the derivations (book works) must be through vector methods with reduction
to corresponding Cartesian equivalents.

Suggested distribution of lecture hours

1. Matrices: 1 hour perweek
2. Differential Calculus and Integral Calculus: 2 hours perweek
3. Analytic Geometry of three dimensions: 1 hour perweek.

Text Books
1. Shanti Narayan and P K Mittal, Text book of Matrices, 5th ed., New Delhi, S. Chand and
Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2013.
2. Shanthi Narayan and P K Mittal, Differential Calculus, Reprint. New Delhi: S. Chand
and Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2014.
3. Shanthi Narayan and P K Mittal, Integral Calculus, Reprint. New Delhi: S. Chand and
Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2013.
4. Shanthi Narayan and P K Mittal, Analytical Solid Geometry. New Delhi: S. Chand and
Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2014.
5. Philip N. Klein, Coding the Matrix: Linear Algebra through Computer Science
Applications, Newtonian Press, 2013.
6. Brian Heinold, A Practical Introduction to Python Programming, Department of Mathematics
and Computer Science, Mount St. Mary’s University, 2019.

Reference Books
1. B S Vatssa, Theory of Matrices, New Delhi: New Age International Publishers, 2005.
2. A R Vashista, Matrices, Krishna Prakashana Mandir, 2003.
3. G B Thomasand and R L Finney, Calculus and analytical geometry, Addison Wesley,
1995.
4. J Edwards, An elementary treatise on the differential calculus: withapplications and
numerous example, Reprint. Charleston, USA: BiblioBazaar, 2010.
5. N P Bali, Differential Calculus, India: Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd.., 2010.
6. S Narayanan & T. K. Manicavachogam Pillay, Calculus.: S. Viswanathan Pvt. Ltd., Vol.
I & II, 1996.
7. Frank Ayres and Elliott Mendelson, Schaum's Outline of Calculus, 5th ed. USA: Mc.
Graw Hill., 2008.
8. SPMahajan & Ajay Aggarwal, Comprehensive Solid Geometry, 1st ed.: Anmol
Publications , 2000.
9. H. Anton, I Birens and S. Davis, Calculus, John Wiley and Sons, Inc, 2002.
Useful web links:
1. http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~zeph/3203s04/lectures.html
2. http://home.scarlet.be/math/matr.htm
3. http://www.themathpage.com/
4. http://www.abstractmath.org/
5. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
5
 6. http://planetmath.org/encyclopedia/TopicsOnCalculus.html
7. http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Mathematics/18-01Fall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm
8. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Calculus.html
9. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
10. http://www.univie.ac.at/future.media/moe/galerie.html
11. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/AnalyticGeometry.html
12. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/mathematics.html
13. https://www.my-mooc.com/en/categorie/mathematics
14. www.python.org
15. www.rosettacode.org
16. http://faculty.msmary.edu/heinold/python.html
17. https://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/pycse/pycse.html

PRACTICALS – I
Mathematics practical with Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) tool for computer
programs (3 hours/ week per batch of not more than 15 students)

LIST OF PROBLEMS
1. Introduction to Python: Basic syntax, variable types, basic operators, numbers, strings,
lists, tuples, functions and input/output statements.
2. Some simple programs to understand the relational, conditional and logical operators.
i) Compare two numbers (less than, greater than) using if statement
ii) Sum of natural numbers using while loop
iii) Finding the factors of a number using for loop.
iv) To check the given number is prime or not (use if... else statement).
v) Find the factorial of a number (use if...if...else).
vi) Simple programs to illustrate logical operators (and, or, not)
Note: Give the structure of a while...do loop to the students and illustrate with an example.
3. Python commands to reduce given matrix to echelon form and normal form with
examples.
4. Python program/command to establish the consistency or otherwise and solving system of
linear equations.
5. Python command to find the nth derivatives.
6. Python program to find nth derivative with and without Leibnitz rule.
7. Obtaining partial derivative of some standard functions
8. Verification of Euler’s theorem, its extension and Jacobean.
9. Python program for reduction formula with or without limits.
10. Python program to findequation and plot sphere, cone, cylinder.
Note: The above list may be changed annually with the approval of the BOS in
UG (Mathematics).

6
 SECOND SEMESTER
MATHEMATICS – II

(4 lecture hours per week+ 3 hours of practicals /week per batch of not more than 15
students)
(56 HOURS)
THEORY
1. ALGEBRA - II
Group Theory
Binary operation, algebraic structure-problems on finding identity and inverse. Definitions of
semigroup and group, abelian group – problems on finite and infinite groups. Properties of
group with proof – standard problems on groups – A finite semi group with both the
cancellation laws is a group – Any group of order less than five is abelian – permutation
groups.
Subgroups- theorems on subgroups (with proof)- problems. (14 lecture hours)

2. CALCULUS - II
a) Differential Calculus
Polar coordinates - Angle between the radius vector and the tangent - Angle of intersection of
curves (polar form) polar sub-tangent and polar subnormal- perpendicular from pole on the
tangent - Pedal equations. Derivative of an arc in Cartesian, parametric and polar forms
(with derivations).
Curvature of plane curves - formula for radius of curvature in Cartesian, parametric,
polar and pedal forms - centre of curvature - evolutes. Singular points – Asymptotes –
Envelopes. Application Problems

b) Integral Calculus
Applications of Integral Calculus: computation of length of arc, plane area and surface
area and volume of solids of revolutions for standard curves in Cartesian and Polar
forms. Application Problems.
(28 lecture hours)
3. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS – I
Recapitulation of Solutions of ordinary differential equations of first order and first
degree.
Solutions of:
(i) Linear equations, Bernoulli's equation.
(ii) Exact equations(excluding reducible to Exact)
Equations of first order and higher degree – nonlinear first order, higher degree – solvable
for p - solvable for y - solvable for x - Clairaut's equation - singular solution - Geometric
meaning. Orthogonal trajectories in Cartesian and polar forms. Application Problems.
(14 lecture hours)

7
Suggested distribution of lecture hours
1. Algebra-II (Group theory) : 1 hour / week
2. Calculus-II (Differential calculus & Integral Calculus): 2 hours / week.
3. Differential Equations-I: 1 hour / week.
Text Books
1. Herstein I N, Topics in Algebra, 4th ed. New Delhi, India: Vikas Publishing House Pvt.
Ltd, 1991.
2. Shanthi Narayan and P K Mittal, Differential Calculus, Reprint. New Delhi: SChand and
Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2014.
3. Shanthi Narayan and P K Mittal, Integral Calculus, Reprint. New Delhi: S. Chand and
Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2013.
4. M D Raisinghania, Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations, S Chand and Co. Pvt.
Ltd., 2014.
5. Eric Ayars, Computational Physics with Python, California State University, Chico.
6. Hans Petter Langtangen and Anders Logg, Solving PDEs in Python, Springer, 2017.

Reference Books
1. Michael Artin, Algebra, 2nd ed. New Delhi, India: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2011.
2. Vashista, A First Course in Modern Algebra, 11th ed.: Krishna Prakasan Mandir, 1980.
3. John B Fraleigh, A First course in Abstract Algebra, 3rd ed.: Narosa Publishing House.,
1990.
4. R Balakrishan and N.Ramabadran, A Textbook of Modern Algebra, 1st ed. New Delhi,
India: Vikas publishing house pvt. Ltd., 1991.
5. G B Thomasand R L Finney, Calculus and analytical geometry, Addison Wesley, 1995.
6. J Edwards, An elementary treatise on the differential calculus: with applications and
numerous example, Reprint. Charleston, USA: BiblioBazaar, 2010.
7. N P Bali, Differential Calculus, New ed. New Delhi, India: Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd..,
2010.
8. S Narayanan & T. K. Manicavachogam Pillay, Calculus.: S. Viswanathan Pvt. Ltd., vol. I
& II, 1996.
9. Frank Ayres and Elliott Mendelson, Schaum's Outline of Calculus, 5th ed. USA: Mc.
Graw Hill., 2008.
10. E Spiegel, Schaum's Outline of Advanced Calculus, 5th ed. USA: Mc. Graw Hill., 2009.
11. M D Raisinghania, Advanced Differential Equations, S Chand and Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2013.
12. FAyres, Schaum's outline of theory and problems of Differential Equations, 1st ed. USA:
McGraw-Hill, 2010.
13. S Narayanan and T K Manicavachogam Pillay, Differential Equations.: S V Publishers
Pvt. Ltd., 1981.
14. G F Simmons, Differential equation with Applications and historical notes, 2nd ed.:
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, Oct 1991.
15. Hans Petter Langtangen, A primer on Scientific programming with Python, Springer,
2016.
8
Useful web links:
1. http://www.themathpage.com/
2. http://www.abstractmath.org/
3. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
4. http://planetmath.org/encyclopedia/TopicsOnCalculus.html
5. http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Mathematics/18-01Fall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm
6. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Calculus.html
7. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
8. http://www.univie.ac.at/future.media/moe/galerie.html
9. http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/classes/de/de.aspx
10. http://www.sosmath.com/diffeq/diffeq.html
11. http://www.analyzemath.com/calculus/Differential_Equations/applications.html
12. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/mathematics.html
13. https://www.my-mooc.com/en/categorie/mathematics
14. www.python.org
15. www.rosettacode.org
16. http://faculty.msmary.edu/heinold/python.html
17. https://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/pycse/pycse.html

PRACTICALS –II

Mathematics practicals with Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) tool for computer
programs (3 hours/ week per batch of not more than 15 students)
LIST OF PROGRAMMES
1. i). Verifying whether given operator is binary or not
ii). To find identity and inverse element of a group
2. Plotting of standard Cartesian curves(Part-1)
3. Plotting of standard Cartesian curves (Part-2)
4. Plotting of standard polar curves
5. Plotting of standard parametric curves
6. Surface area and Volume of curves
7. Solution of differential equation and plotting(Part-1)
8. Solution of differential equation and plotting(Part-2)
9. Solution of differential equation and plotting(Part-3)
10. Solution of differential equation and plotting the solution(Part-4)

Note: The above list may be changed annually with the approval of the BOS in
UG (Mathematics).

9
 THIRD SEMESTER
MATHEMATICS-III
(4 lecture hours per week+ 3 hours of practicals /week per batch of not more than 15
students)
(56 HOURS)
THEORY
1. ALGEBRA - III
Groups
Order of an element of a group – properties related to order of an element- subgroup generated
by an element of a group – Equivalence Class and partition of a set, coset decomposition of a
group, Cyclic groups- properties- modulo relation- index of a group –Lagrange’s theorem-
consequences.
(14 lecture hours)
2. ANALYSIS – I
a) Sequences of Real Numbers
Definition of a sequences-Bounded sequences- limit of a sequences-
convergent, divergent and oscillatory sequences- Monotonic sequences and their properties-
Cauchy’s criterion. Application Problems.
b) Series of Real Numbers
Definition of convergence, divergence and oscillation of series -properties
of Convergence series - properties of series of positive terms – Geometric series Tests
for convergence of series -p- series - comparison of series Cauchy’s root Test -D
Alembert’s test. Raabe’stest ,- Absolute and conditional convergence-D’ Alembert test
for absolute convergence - Alternating series - Leibnitz test.
Summation of binomial, exponential and logarithmic series. Application Problems.
(28 lecture hours)
3. MATHEMATICAL METHODS -I
Definition and basic properties Laplace transform of some common functions and Standard
results –Laplace transform of periodic functions- Laplace transforms ,of derivatives And the
integral of function- Laplace transforms, Heaviside function convolution theorem (statement
only) Inverse Laplace transforms. Application Problems. (14 lecture hours)

Suggested distribution of lecture hours

1. Algebra – III (Groups): 1 hour / week.
2. Analysis-I (sequences of real numbers and series of real numbers):2 hours /week
3. Mathematical Methods - I (1 hour / week.)

Text Books
1. Herstein I N, Topics in Algebra, 4th ed. New Delhi, India: Vikas Pub. House Pvt. Ltd,
1991.
2. Boumslag and Chandler, Schaum’s outline series on groups, 2010.

10
 3. S.C.Malik and Savita Arora, Mathematical Analysis, 2nd ed. New Delhi, India: New Age
international (P) Ltd., 1992.
4. John Kerl, Concrete abstract algebra in Python, Notes.
5. Titus Adrian Beu, Introduction to Numerical programming, CRC Press, Taylor and
Fransis.
6. Eric Ayars, Computational Physics with Python, California State University, Chico.

Reference Books
1. Michael Artin, Algebra, 2nd ed. New Delhi, India: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2011.
2. Vashista, A First Course in Modern Algebra, 11th ed.: Krishna Prakasan Mandir, 1980.
3. John B Fraleigh, A First course in Abstract Algebra, 3rd ed.: Narosa Publishing House.,
1990.
4. R Balakrishan and N.Ramabadran, A Textbook of Modern Algebra, 1st ed. New Delhi,
India: Vikas publishing house pvt. Ltd., 1991.
5. Richard R Goldberg, Methods of Real Analysis, Indian ed. New Delhi, India: Oxford and
IBH Publishing Co., 1970.
6. Raisinghania M.D., Laplace and Fourier Transforms. New Delhi, India: S. Chand and
Co. Ltd. , 1995.
Usefulweb links:
1. http://www.themathpage.com/
2. http://www.abstractmath.org/
3. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
4. http://www.math.unl.edu/~webnotes/contents/chapters.htm
5. http://www-groups.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~john/analysis/index.html
6. http://web01.shu.edu/projects/reals/index.html
7. http://www.mathcs.org/analysis/reals/index.html
8. http://planetmath.org/encyclopedia/TopicsOnCalculus.html
9. http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Mathematics/18-01Fall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm
10. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Calculus.html
11. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
12. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/mathematics.html
13. https://www.my-mooc.com/en/categorie/mathematics
14. www.python.org
15. http://doc.sagemath.org/html/en/thematic_tutorials/group_theory.html
16. http://doc.sagemath.org/html/en/reference/groups/sage/groups/abelian_gps/abelian_group
_morphism.html
17. https://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/pycse/pycse.html

PRACTICALS –III
Mathematics practicals with Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) tool for computer
programs(3 hours/ week per batch of not more than 15 students)

11
LIST OF PROBLEMS
1. Examples for finding right and left coset and the index of a group.
2. Examples to verify Lagrange’s theorem.
3. Illustration of convergent, divergent and oscillatory sequence.
4. Illustration of convergent, divergent and oscillatory series.
5. Using Cauchy's criterion to determine the convergence of a sequence.
6. To find the sum of the series.
7. Finding the Laplace transform.
8. Finding the inverse Laplace transform.
9. Laplace transform method of solving first order ordinary differential equations with
constant coefficients.
10. Laplace transform method of solving second order ordinary differential equations with
constant coefficients

Note: The above list may be changed annually with the approval of the BOS in
UG (Mathematics).

FOURTH SEMESTER
MATHEMATICS – IV
(4 lecture hours per week+ 3 hours of practicals /week per batch of not more than 15
students)
(56 HOURS)
THEORY
1. ALGEBRA –IV
Groups
Normal subgroups-examples and problems – Quotient group-Homomorphism and
Isomorphism of groups-Kernel and image of a homomorphism-Normality of the Kernel-
Fundamental theorem of homomorphism- properties related to isomorphism-Permutation group-
Cayley’s theorem. (10 lecture hours)

2. ANALYSIS -II
Fourier Series
Trigonometric Fourier series of functions with period 2π and period 2L - Half range Cosine
and sine series. Application problems. (10 lecture hours)

3. CALCULUS - III
Differential Calculus
Definition of the limit of a function in ɛ-δ form – continuity- types of
discontinuities. Properties of continuous function on a closed interval (boundedness,
attainment of bounds and taking every value between bounds). Differentiability - Theorem :
Differentiability implies Continuity - Converse not true. Rolle’s Theorem- Lagrange’s and
12
Cauchy’s First Mean Value Theorem (Lagrange’s form) - Maclaurin’s expansion. Evaluation
of limits by L’ Hospital’s rule
Continuity and differentiability of a function of two and three variables – Taylor’s
Theorem and expansion of functions of two variables- Maxima and Minima of functions of two
variables. Method of Lagrange multipliers. (22 lecture hours)

4. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS –II

Second and higher order ordinary linear differential equations with constant Coefficients-
complementary function- particular integrals (standard types) Cauchy-Euler differential
equation. Simultaneous linear differential equations (two variables) with constant
coefficients. Solutions of second order ordinary linear differential equations with variables
coefficients by the following methods.
(i) When a part of complementary function is given
(ii) Changing the independent variable
(iii) Changing the dependent variable
(iv) Variation of parameters
(v) Conditions for exactness and the solution when the equation is exact.
(14 lecture hours)
Suggested distribution of lecture hours
1. Algebra – IV, Analysis – II, Calculus - III: 3 hours / week.
2. Differential Equations II: 1 hour / week.

Text Books
1. Herstein I N, Topics in Algebra, 4th ed. New Delhi, India: Vikas Publishing House Pvt.
Ltd, 1991.
2. Boumslag and Chandler, Schaum’s outline series on groups, 2010.
3. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 8th ed. New Delhi, India: Wiley
India Pvt. Ltd., 2010.
4. Shanthi Narayan and P K Mittal, Differential Calculus, Reprint. New Delhi: SChand and
Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2014.
5. M D Raisinghania, Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations,S Chand and Co. Pvt.
Ltd., 2014.
6. John Kerl, Concrete abstract algebra in Python, Notes.

Reference Books
1. Michael Artin, Algebra, 2nd ed. New Delhi, India: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2011.
2. Vashista, A First Course in Modern Algebra, 11th ed.: Krishna Prakasan Mandir, 1980.
3. John B Fraleigh, A First course in Abstract Algebra, 3rd ed.: Narosa Publishing House.,
1990.
4. R Balakrishan and N.Ramabadran, A Textbook of Modern Algebra, 1st ed. New Delhi,
India: Vikas publishing house pvt. Ltd., 1991.
5. G B Thomas and R L Finney, Calculus and analytical geometry, Addison Wesley, 1995.
13
 6. J Edwards, An elementary treatise on the differential calculus: with applications and
numerous example, Reprint. Charleston, USA: BiblioBazaar, 2010.
7. N P Bali, Differential Calculus, Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd., 2010.
8. S Narayanan & T. K. Manicavachogam Pillay, Calculus.: S. Viswanathan Pvt. Ltd.,
Vol. I & II, 1996.
9. Frank Ayres and Elliott Mendelson, Schaum's Outline of Calculus, 5th ed.USA: Mc.
Graw Hill., 2008.
10. E Spiegel, Schaum's Outline of Advanced Calculus, 5th ed. USA: Mc. Graw Hill.,
2009.
11. M D Raisinghania, Advanced Differential Equations,S Chand and Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2013.
12. FAyres, Schaum's outline of theory and problems of Differential Equations, 1st ed.
USA: McGraw-Hill, 2010.
13. S Narayanan and T K Manicavachogam Pillay, Differential Equations.: S V Publishers
Private Ltd., 1981.
14. G F Simmons, Differential equation with Applications and historical notes, 2nd ed.:
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, Oct 1991.
15. Shepley L. Ross, Differential Equations, 3rd Ed., John Wiley and Sons,1984.

Useful web links:

1. http://www.themathpage.com/
2. http://www.abstractmath.org/
3. http://www.fourier-series.com/
4. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/
5. http://www.princeton.edu/~rvdb
6. http://www.zweigmedia.com/RealWorld/Summary4.html
7. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
8. http://planetmath.org/encyclopedia/TopicsOnCalculus.html
9. http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Mathematics/18-01Fall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm
10. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Calculus.html
11. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
12. http://www.univie.ac.at/future.media/moe/galerie.html
13. http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/classes/de/de.aspx
14. http://www.sosmath.com/diffeq/diffeq.html
15. http://www.analyzemath.com/calculus/Differential_Equations/applications.html
16. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/mathematics.html
17. https://www.my-mooc.com/en/categorie/mathematics
18. www.python.org
19. http://www.auraauro.com/uncategorized/demonstration-of-fourier-series-using-python-
code/
20. https://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/pycse/pycse.html

14
 PRACTICALS –IV

Mathematics practicals with Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) tool for computer
programs(3 hours/ week per batch of not more than 15 students)

LIST OF PROBLEMS
1. Verification of normality of a given subgroup
2. Illustrating homomorphism and isomorphism of groups
3. To find full range trigonometric Fourier series of some simple functions with period
2 and 2L
4. Finding the half-range sine and cosine series of simple functions and plotting them.
5. Program to illustrate continuity of a function
6. Program to illustrate differentiability of a function
7. Program to verify Rolle's theorem
8. Program to verify and Lagrange's theorem
9. Evaluation of limits by L'Hospital's rule
10. Solution of second and higher order ordinary differential equations with constant
coefficients
11. Solution of second order ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients
i) Method of variation of parameters
ii) When the equation is exact

Note: The above list may be changed annually with the approval of the BOS in
UG (Mathematics).

FIFTH SEMESTER
MATHEMATICS - V
(3 lecture hours per week+ 3 hours of practicals /week per batch of not more than 15
students)
(42 HOURS)
THEORY
1. ALGEBRA - IV
Rings, Integral Domains, Fields
Rings, Types of Rings properties of rings – Rings of integers modulo n – Subrings –
Ideals, Principal, Prime and Maximal ideals in a commutative ring - examples and standard
properties following the definition - Homomorphism, Isomorphism - Properties - Quotient
rings - Integral Domain- Fields - properties following the definition - Fundamental Theorem
of Homomorphism of Rings - Every field is an integral domain - Every finite integral
domain is a field - Problems.
(14 lecture hours)

15
2. MATHEMATICAL METHODS - II
Calculus of Variation
Variation of a function f = f(x, y, y) – variation of the corresponding functional – extremal of
a functional – variational problem – Euler’s equation and its particular forms – Examples –
standard problems like geodesics, minimal surface of revolution, hanging chain, Brachistochrone
problem –Isoperimetric problems. Application Problems.
(14 Lecture hours)
3. NUMERICAL METHODS - I
Finite differences – Definition and properties of , ,  ,  and E, the relation between them
– The nth differences of a polynomial, Factorial notations, separation of symbols, divided
differences and related theorems.
Newton – Gregory forward and backward interpolation formulae – Lagrange’s and
Newton’s interpolation formulae for unequal intervals - Inverse interpolation
Numerical Integration: Quadrature formula – Trapezoidal rule -Simpon’s 1/3 and 3/8 rule,
Weddle’s rule - problems. Application Problems.
(14 lecture hours)
Suggested distribution of lecture hours.
1. Algebra IV: 1 hour /week.
2. Calculus of Variation: 1 hours/week
3. Numerical Methods I : 1 hours/week

Text Books
1. Herstein I N, Topics in Algebra, 4th ed. New Delhi, India: Vikas Publishing House Pvt.
Ltd, 1991.
2. Shanthi Narayan and P K Mittal, Differential Calculus, Reprint. New Delhi: SChand and
Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2014.
3. M D Raisinghania, Vector calculus,S Chand Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2013.
4. M K Jain, S R K Iyengar, and R K Jain, Numerical Methods for Scientific and
Engineering Computation, 4th ed. New Delhi, India: New Age International, 2012.
5. JaanKiusalaas, Numerical methods in engineering with python 3, Cambridge University press,
2013.
6. Philip N. Klein, Coding the Matrix: Linear Algebra through Computer Science
Applications, Newtonian Press, 2013.

Reference Books
1. Michael Artin, Algebra, 2nd ed. New Delhi, India: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2011.
2. Vashista, A First Course in Modern Algebra, 11th ed.: Krishna Prakasan Mandir, 1980.
3. John B Fraleigh, A First course in Abstract Algebra, 3rd ed.: Narosa Publishing House.,
1990.
4. R Balakrishan and N.Ramabadran, A Textbook of Modern Algebra, 1st ed. New Delhi,
India: Vikas publishing house pvt. Ltd., 1991.
5. G B Thomas and R L Finney, Calculus and analytical geometry, Addison Wesley, 1995.

16
 6. B Spain, Vector Analysis, ELBS, 1994.
7. D E Bournes and, P C Kendall, Vector Analysis, ELBS, 1996.
8. S S Sastry, Introductory methods of Numerical Analysis, Prentice Hall of India, 2012.
9. Brian Heinold, A Practical Introduction to Python Programming, Department of
Mathematics and Computer Science, Mount St. Mary’s University, 2019.
10. Titus Adrian Beu, Introdution to numerical programming, CRC press, Taylor and Fransis.
11. J. C. Bautista, Mathematics and Python programmings, lulu.com, 2014.

Useful web links:

1. http://www.themathpage.com/
2. http://www.abstractmath.org/
3. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
4. http://planetmath.org/encyclopedia/TopicsOnCalculus.html
5. http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Mathematics/18-01Fall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm
6. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Calculus.html
7. http://www.univie.ac.at/future.media/moe/galerie.html
8. http://www.math.gatech.edu/~harrell/calc/
9. http://www.amtp.cam.ac.uk/lab/people/sd/lectures/nummeth98/index.htm
10. http://math.fullerton.edu/mathews/numerical.html
11. http://www.onesmartclick.com/engineering/numerical-methods.html
12. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/mathematics.html
13. https://www.my-mooc.com/en/categorie/mathematics
14. www.python.org
15. https://docs.sympy.org/latest/modules/series/fourier.html
16. https://docs.sympy.org/latest/modules/series/fourier.html

PRACTICALS –V
Mathematics practicals with Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) tools for computer
programs (3 hours/ week per batch of not more than 15 students)

LIST OF PROBLEMS
2. Examples on different types of rings.
3. Examples on integral domains and fields.
4. Examples on subrings, ideals and subrings which are not ideals.
5. Homomorphism and isomorphism of rings- illustrative examples.
6. Example on Euler’s equation in full form.
7. Example on particular forms of Euler’s equation.
8. Examples on minimum surface of revolution and Brachistochrone problem.
9. Examples on Isoperimetric problems.
10. Programs on Interpolations with equal intervals.
11. Programs on Interpolations with unequal intervals.
17
 1 rd 3 th
12. Programs to evaluate integrals using Simpson’s and rule.
3 8
13. Programs to evaluate integrals using Weddle's rule.

Note:The above list may be changed annually with the approval of the BOS in
UG (Mathematics).

FIFTH SEMESTER

ELECTIVE - I
MATHEMATICS – VI(A)
(3 lecture hours per week+ 3 hours of practicals/week per batch of not more than 15
students)
(42 HOURS)
THEORY
1. CALCULUS - IV
Differential Calculus of Scalar and Vector Fields
Scalar field – gradient of a scalar field, geometrical meaning – directional derivative – Maximum
directional derivative – Angle between two surfaces - vector field – divergence and curl of a
vector field – solenoidal and irrotational fields – scalar and vector potentials – Laplacian of a
scalar field – vector identities. Standard properties, Harmonic functions, Problems. Orthogonal
curvilinear co-ordinates (only conversions)
(14 lecture hours)
2. CALCULUS – V
a) Line And Multiple Integrals
Definition of line integral and basic properties examples evaluation of line integrals.
Definition of double integral – its conversion to iterated integrals .Evaluation of double
integrals by change of order of integration and by change of variables – computation of plane
and surface areas, volume underneath a surface and volume of revolution using double
integrals.
Definition of triple integral and evaluation – change of variables – volume as a triple integral .
(18 lecture hours)
b) Integral Theorems
Green’s theorem (with proof) - Direct consequences of the theorem. The Divergence
theorem (with proof) - Direct consequences of the theorem. The Stokes’ theorem (with
proof) - Direct consequences of the theorem.
(10 lecture hours)
Suggested distribution of lecture hours
1. Differential Calculus Of Scalar And Vector Fields: 1 hour /week.
2. Calculus VI (Line and Multiple Integrals and Integral theorems ): 2 hours/week

18
Text Books
1. R Weinstock, Calculus of Variation, Dover Pub. Ltd., 1970.
2. M. D. Raisinghania, Vector Calculus, S Chand Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2013.
3. Philip N. Klein, Coding the Matrix: Linear Algebra through Computer Science
Applications, Newtonian Press, 2013.
4. Hans Petter Langtangen, A primer on Scientific programming with Python, Springer,
2009.

Reference Books:
1. F B Hildebrand, Methods in Applied Mathematics,
2. B Spain,Vector Analysis, ELBS, 1994.
3. D E Bournesand and P C Kendall, Vector Analysis, ELBS, 1996.

Useful web links:

1. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
2. http://planetmath.org/encyclopedia/TopicsOnCalculus.html
3. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Calculus.html
4. http://www.univie.ac.at/future.media/moe/galerie.html
5. http://www.math.gatech.edu/~harrell/calc/
6. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/mathematics.html
7. https://www.my-mooc.com/en/categorie/mathematics
8. www.python.org
9. http://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/blog/2013/02/02/Integrating-functions-in-python/
10. https://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/pycse/pycse.html

PRACTICALS – VI(A)

Mathematics practicals with Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) tools for computer
programs (3 hours/ week per batch of not more than 15 students)

LIST OF PROBLEMS
1. To demonstrate the physical interpretation of gradient, divergence curl and laplacian.
2. Using cyclic notations to derive some more vector identities
3. Evaluation of the line integral with constant limits.
4. Evaluation of the double integral with constant limits.
5. Evaluation of the triple integral with constant limits.
6. Evaluation of the line integral with variable limits.
7. Evaluation of the double integral with variable limits.
8. Evaluation of the triple integral with variable limits.
9. Green’s theorem.
10. Gauss divergence theorem.
11. Stokes’ theorem
19
 FIFTH SEMESTER
ELECTIVE - II
MATHEMATICS – VI(B)
(3 lecture hours per week+ 3 hours of practicals/week per batch of not more than 15
students)
(42 HOURS)
THEORY
1. Number Theory
Introduction to number theory - Divisibility– Prime and composite numbers - Euclidean
algorithm – fundamental theorem of Arithmetic – The greatest common divisor and least
common multiple – congruences – Linear congruences –Simultaneous congruences – Wilson’s,
Euler’s and Fermat’s Theorems and their applications.
(14 lecture hours)
2. Graph Theory
Konigsberg bridge problem, graph, subgraph, adjacency, incidency, degree of a vertex, finite and
infinite graphs, order and size of a graph, multiple edges, loops, simple graph,multigraph,general
graph,underlying graph, r - regular graph, complete graph,walk,trail, path, closed walk,circuit
cycle, directed graph, connected and disconnected graphs, component of a graph,trees, pendant
vertices in a tree, distance and centers in a tree, rooted and binary trees, spanning Trees - with
fundamental theorems and examples. (14 lecture hours)

3. Fourier Transforms
The Fourier integral, Different forms of Fourier integral, Problems complex Fourier Transform,
Self reciprocals, slit functions Basic properties of Fourier transforms, Linear, Change of scale,
Shifting, Modulation. Derivation of a Function Extension.
Fourier sine and cosine Transform and Inverses properties, self reciprocal. The derivatives –
theorems and problems.
(14 lecture hours)
Suggested distribution of lecture hours:
1. Number Theory: 1 hour / week.
2. Graph Theory: 1 hour / week
3. Fourier Transforms: 1 hour / week

Text Books
1. David M. Burton, Elementary Number Theory, 6th ed., Tata McGraw-Hill Edition,
Indian reprint, 2007.
2. Frank Harary, Graph Theory, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1969.
3. Douglas B. West, Introduction to Graph Theory, 2nd edition, Pearson, 2015.
4. F. B. Hildebrand, Method of Applied Mathematics, Dover Publications.
5. Mohammed Zuhair Al-Taie and Seifedine Kadry, Python for Graph and Network
Analysis, Springer, 2017.
20
Reference Books
1. Neville Robinns, Beginning Number Theory, 2nd ed., Narosa Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.,
Delhi, 2007.
2. Narsingh Deo, Graph Theory, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 2000
3. B Spain, Vector Analysis, ELBS, 1994.
4. Lokenath Debnath and D Bhatta, Integral Transforms and their Applications, Taylor and
Fransis, 2002.
Useful web links:
1. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
2. http://planetmath.org/encyclopedia/TopicsOnCalculus.html
3. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Calculus.html
4. http://www.univie.ac.at/future.media/moe/galerie.html
5. http://www.math.gatech.edu/~harrell/calc/
6. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/mathematics.html
7. https://www.my-mooc.com/en/categorie/mathematics
8. www.python.org
9. http://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/blog/2013/02/02/Integrating-functions-in-python/
10. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/
11. https://www.python-course.eu/graphs_python.php
12. https://medium.com/apprentice-journal/the-graph-theory-an-introduction-in-python-
5906d5be0e4b
13. https://pypi.org/project/graph-theory/

PRACTICALS –VI (B)

Mathematics practical with Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) tools for computer
programs(3 hours/ week per batch of not more than 15 students)

LIST OF PROBLEMS
1. Check whether given number is prime or not.
2. Program to find the GCD and LCM
3. Program to compute elements of the sequences
4. Create a graph using adjacency matrix and then show all the edges that exist in the graph.
5. Find the adjacency matrix from the given digraph.
6. Find the degree of all vertices in a graph.
7. Program to find the connected components of a undirected graph.
8. Check whether given degrees of vertices represent a graph or tree.
9. To return a list of all paths (without cycles).
10. Find if there is a path between two vertices in a graph.
11. Detect cycle in a directed graph.
12. To find the Fourier integrals for the given function
13. To find the Fourier sine and cosine Transform
21
 SIXTH SEMESTER
MATHEMATICS – VII

(3 lecture hours per week + 3 hours of practicals/week per batch of not more than 15
students)
(42 HOURS)
THEORY
1. ALGEBRA –V
Linear Algebra
Vector space – Examples – Properties – Subspaces – criterion for a subset to be a
subspace –linear span of a set - linear combination – linear independent and dependent subsets –
Basis and dimensions– Standard properties – Examples illustrating concepts and results.
Linear transformations – properties – matrix of a linear transformation – change of basis
– range and kernel – rank and nullity – Rank – Nullity theorem –Eigen values and eigen vectors
of linear transformation - Application Problems
(14 lecture hours)
2. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS III
a) Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates
Definition of orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. Fundamental vectors or base vectors, Scale
factors or material factors - quadratic differential form. Spherical, Cartesian, cylindrical co-
ordinate systems-Theorem: The Spherical and cylindrical coordinate systems are orthogonal
curvilinear coordinate system (excluding problems on conversion of one system to another).
b) Partial Differential Equations
Total differential equations-Necessary condition for the equation Pdx+ Qdy+ Rdz= 0
dx dy dz
to be integrable - Simultaneous equations of the form = =
P Q R
Formation of partial differential equation - Equations of First Order Lagrange’s linear equation –
Charpit’s method, Standard types of first order non-linear partial differential equation (By
known substitution).
Solution of second order linear partial differential equations in two variables with constant
coefficients by finding complementary function and particular integral
Solution of one – dimensional heat equations, Solution of one – dimensional wave equations
using Fourier series- Application Problems.
(28 lecture hours)
Suggested distribution of lecture hours:
1. Algebra-V (Linear Algebra) : 1 hours / week.
2. Differential Equations III: 2 hours / week

22
Text Books
1. Krishnamoorty V K and Mainra V P and Arora J L, An Introduction to Linear Algebra,
Reprint. New Delhi, India: Affiliated East West Press Pvt. Ltd., 2003.
2. M. D. Raisinghania, Vector Calculus, S Chand Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2013.
3. M D Raisinghania, Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations,S Chand and Co. Pvt.
Ltd., 2014.
4. Hans Petter Langtangen, A primer on Scientific programming with Python, Springer,
2009.

Reference Books
1. G Strang, Linear Algebra and its Applications, Thomson, 2007
2. B Spain, Vector Analysis, ELBS, 1994.
3. D E Bournes and, P C Kendall, Vector Analysis, ELBS, 1996.
4. Frank Ayres, Schaum's outline of theory and problems of Differential Equations, 1st ed.
USA: McGraw-Hill, 1972.
5. GF Simmons, Differential equation with Applications and historical notes, 2nd ed.:
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, Oct 1991.
6. S Narayanan & T K Manicavachogam Pillay, Differential Equations.: S V Publishers
Private Ltd., 1981.
7. I N Sneddon, Elements of Partial Differential Equations, 3rd ed.: Mc. Graw Hill., 1980.
Useful web links:
1. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/
2. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Calculus.html
3. http://www.math.gatech.edu/~harrell/calc/
4. http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/classes/de/de.aspx
5. http://www.sosmath.com/diffeq/diffeq.html
6. http://www.analyzemath.com/calculus/Differential_Equations/applications.html
7. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/mathematics.html
8. https://www.my-mooc.com/en/categorie/mathematics
9. www.python.org
10. https://docs.sympy.org/0.7.6/modules/mpmath/calculus/differentiation.html
11. https://apmonitor.com/pdc/index.php/Main/SolveDifferentialEquations
12. https://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/pycse/pycse.html

PRACTICALS –VII

Mathematics practicals with Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) tools for computer
programs(3 hours/ week per batch of not more than 15 students)
LIST OF PROBLEMS
1. i) Vector space, subspace – illustrative examples.
ii) Expressing a vector as a linear combination of given set of vectors.
iii) Examples on linear dependence and independence of vectors.
23
 2. i) Basis and Dimension – illustrative examples.
ii) Verifying whether a given transformation is linear.
3. i) Finding matrix of a linear transformation.
ii) Problems on rank and nullity.
4. Solutions to the problems on total and simultaneous differential equations.
5. Solutions to the problems on different types of Partial differential equations.
6. Solving second order linear partial differential equations in two variables with constant
coefficient.
7. Solving some more second order linear partial differential equations in two variables with
constant coefficient.
8. Solution of one dimensional heat equation using Fourier series with Dirichlet condition.
9. Solution of one dimensional heat equation using Fourier series with Neumann condition.
10. Solution of one dimensional wave equation using Fourier series with Dirichlet condition.
11. Solution of one dimensional wave equation using Fourier series with Neumann condition.

SIXTH SEMESTER
ELECTIVE - I
MATHEMATICS – VIII(A)
(3 lecture hours per week+ 3 hours of practicals /week per batch of not more than 15
students)
(42 HOURS)
THEORY
1. ANALYSIS - III
Complex Analysis
Complex numbers-Cartesian and polar form-geometrical representation-complex-Plane-
Euler’s formula- 𝑒 𝑖 = cos 𝜃 + isin 𝜃. Functions of a complex variable-limit, continuity and
differentiability of a complex function. Analytic function Cauchy-Riemann equations in
Cartesian and Polar forms-Sufficiency conditions for analyticity(Cartesian form only)-Harmonic
function-standard properties of analytic functions-construction of analytic function when real or
imaginary part is given-Milne Thomson method.
Complex integration-the complex integration–properties, problems.Cauchy’s Integral
theorem-proof using Green’s theorem- direct consequences.Cauchy’s Integral formula with
proof-Cauchy’s generalized formula for the derivatives with proof and applications for
evaluation of simple line integrals - Cauchy’s inequality with proof – Liouville’s theorem with
proof. Fundamental theorem of algebra with proof.
Transformations – conformal transformation – some elementary transformations namely
Translation,rotation,magnification and inversion - examples.
The bilinear transformation (B.T.)-cross ratio-invariant points of a B.T.-properties-
(i) B.T. sets up a one to one correspondence between the extended z-plane and the
extended w-plane.
(ii) Preservation of cross ratio under a B.T.

24
 (iii) A B.T. transforms circles onto circles or straight lines.
Problems on finding a B.T., and finding images under a B.T.and invariant points of a B.T.
Discussion of transformations w = 𝑧 2 , w = sin 𝑧 , w = cosh 𝑧 and w = 𝑒 𝑧 .
(28 lecture hours)
2. NUMERICAL METHODS – II
Numerical solutions of algebraic and transcendental equations – method of
successive bisection - method of false position – Newton-Raphson method. Numerical solutions
of non-Homogeneous system of linear algebraic equations in three variables by Jacobi’s method
and Gauss-Seidel method. Computation of largest Eigen value of a square matrix by power
method.
Solutions of initial value problems for ordinary linear first order differential equations by
Taylor’s series, Euler’s and Euler’s modified method and Runge-Kutta 4th ordered method.
(14 lecture hours)
Suggested distribution of lecture hours:
1. Analysis-III (Complex Analysis): 2 hours / week.
2. Numerical Methods-II: 1 hour / week

Text Books
1. S Shanthinarayan, Complex Analysis, S Chand Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2012.
2. M K Jain, S R K Iyengar, and R K Jain, Numerical Methods for Scientific and
Engineering Computation, 4th ed. New Delhi, India: New Age International, 2012.
3. B. Bradie, A Friendly Introduction to Numerical Analysis, Pearson Education, India,
2007.
4. Brian Heinold, A Practical Introduction to Python Programming, Department of
Mathematics and Computer Science, Mount St. Mary’s University, 2019.
5. Titus Adrian Beu, Introduction to Numerical programming, CRC press, Taylor and
Francis.

Reference Books
1. R V Churchil & J W Brown, Complex Variables and Applications, 5th ed.: McGraw Hill
Companies., 1989.
2. L V Ahlfors, Complex Analysis, 3rd ed.: Mc Graw Hill. , 1979.
3. A R Vashista, Complex Analysis, Krishna Prakashana Mandir, 2012.
4. S S Sastry, Introductory methods of Numerical Analysis, Prentice Hall of India, 2012.

Useful web links:

1. http://www.mathcs.org/analysis/reals/index.html
2. http://www.amtp.cam.ac.uk/lab/people/sd/lectures/nummeth98/index.htm
3. http://math.fullerton.edu/mathews/numerical.html
4. http://www.onesmartclick.com/engineering/numerical-methods.html
5. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/mathematics.html
6. https://www.my-mooc.com/en/categorie/mathematics
25
 7. www.python.org
8. https://docs.sympy.org/latest/modules/series/fourier.html
9. https://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/pycse/pycse.html

PRACTICALS –VIII (A)

Mathematics practicals with Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) tools for computer
programs(3 hours/ week per batch of not more than 15 students)

LIST OF PROBLEMS
1. Some problems on Cauchy-Riemann equations (polar form).
2. Implementation of Milne-Thomson method of constructing analytic functions(simple
examples).
3. Illustrating orthogonality of the surfaces obtained from the real and imaginary parts of an
analytic function.
4. Verifying real and imaginary parts of an analytic function being harmonic (in polar
coordinates).
5. Illustrating the angle preserving property in a transformation.
6. Illustrating that circles are transformed to circles by a bilinear transformation.
7. Examples connected with Cauchy’s integral theorem.
8. Solving algebraic equation (Bisection method).
9. Solving algebraic equation (Regula-Falsi and Newton-Raphson methods
10. Solving system of equations (Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel methods).
11. Solving for largest eigenvalue by Power method.
12. Solving ordinary differential equation by modified Euler’s method.
13. Solving ordinary differential equation by Runge-Kutta method of 4th order.
Note:The above list may be changed annually with the approval of the BOS in
UG (Mathematics).

MATHEMATICS – VIII (B)

ELECTIVE - II
(3 lecture hours per week+ 3 hours of practical /week per batch of not more than 15
students)
(42 HOURS)
THEORY
1. Linear Programming
Linear inequalities and their graphs. Statement of the linear programming problem in
standard form-classification of solutions-solution of linear programming problems by graphical
method.
Illustrative examples on the solution of linear programming problems in two and three
variables by the simplex method. (Maximization and minimization)

26
 Transportation problem:- North West rule, Vogel’s method, Row minima method, Column
minima method. (14 lecture hours)

2. Particle Dynamics
Newton’s laws of motion – Conservative forces and potential energy - Definitions of work,
kinetic energy and power.
Motion of a particle in a uniform force field – simple harmonic motion – Two
dimensional motion of projectiles, Inclined plane.
(14 lecture hours)
3. Improper Integrals
Gamma and Beta functions-results following definitions-Relations connecting the
two functions-duplication formula-Applications to evaluation of integrals.
(14 lecture hours)
Text book:
1. Robert J. Vanderbei, Linear Programming, Springer, 1996.
2. A. R. Vasishtha and D. C. Agarwal, Dynamics of a Particle, Krishna Prakashana Media
Pvt. Ltd., 2003.
3. Murrey R. Spiegel, Theory and Problems of Advanced Calculas, Schaum’s Outline
series.
4. Hans Petter Langtangen, A primer on scientific programming with Python, Springer,
2016.
5. Surg Kruk, Practical Python A1 projects: Mathematical models of optimization
problems, A press, 2018.
6. J. C. Bautista, Mathematics and Python programming, lulu.com, 2014.

Reference Book:
1. Mokhtar S. Bazaraa, John J. Jarvis and Hanif D. Sherali, Linear programming and
Network flows, 2nd Ed., John Wiley and Sons, India, 2004.
2. Hamdy A. Taha, Operations Research: An introduction, 8th Ed., Tata McGraw Hill,
Singapore, 2004.
3. A. P. Roberts, Statics and Dynamics with Background in Mathematics, Cambridge
University press, 2003.
4. Lokenath Debnath and D. Bhatta, Integral Transforms and their Applications, Taylor
and Fransis Group, 2002.
5. Dimitris Bertsimas and J. N. Tsitsiklis, Introduction to linear Optimization, Athena
Scientific, 1997.
Useful web links:
1. http://www.mathcs.org/analysis/reals/index.html
2. http://www.amtp.cam.ac.uk/lab/people/sd/lectures/nummeth98/index.htm
3. http://math.fullerton.edu/mathews/numerical.html
4. http://www.onesmartclick.com/engineering/numerical-methods.html
5. http://www.nptelvideos.in/2012/11/mathematics.html
6. https://www.my-mooc.com/en/categorie/mathematics.
27
 7. www.python.org
8. http://coderview.stackexchange.com//
9. http://scibook.readthedocs.io/en/latest/intro.html
10. http://gist.github.com/mick001/f4864f36551e89ab7bc4.
11. http://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2017/02/lintroductory-guide-on-linear-
programming-explained-in-simple-english/
12. http://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/blog/2013/02/02/Integrating-functions-in-python/
PRACTICALS –VIII (B)
Mathematics practical with Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) tools for computer
programs(3 hours/ week per batch of not more than 10 students)

LIST OF PROBLEMS
1. Graphs with linear inequalities.
2. Solution of linear programming problem by graphical method.
3. Implementation of the simplex method.
4. Implementation of solution procedure for the transportation problem.
5. Application of Newton’s law of motion-problems on conservative forces and potential
energy.
6. Problems on work done, kinetic energy and power.
7. Problems on simple harmonic motion.
8. Problems on two-dimensional motion of projectiles.
9. Problems on gamma and beta functions.
10. Problems on duplication formula.
11. Problems on evaluation of improper integrals in applications.

Note:The above list may be changed annually with the approval of the BOS in
UG (Mathematics).

*****

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 Structure of B.Sc. Mathematics papers

Teaching Duration of IA EXAM TOTAL Semester

Semester Title of the paper
hrs/week Exam (hrs) MARKS MARKS MARKS Total

B.Sc. Theory 4 hrs 3 hrs 30 70 100

1 150
I Practical 3 hrs 3 hrs 15 35 50

B.Sc. Theory 4hrs 3 hrs 30 70 100

2 150
II Practical 3 hrs 3 hrs 15 35 50

B.Sc. Theory 4 hrs 3 hrs 30 70 100

3 150
III Practical 3 hrs 3 hrs 15 35 50

B.Sc. Theory 4 hrs 3 hrs 30 70 100

4 150
IV Practical 3 hrs 3 hrs 15 35 50

B.Sc. Theory 3 hrs 3 hrs 30 70 100

150
V Practical 3hrs 3 hrs 15 35 50
5 B.Sc. Theory 3 hrs 3 hrs 30 70 100
VI(A)
150
or Practical 3 hrs 3 hrs 15 35 50
VI(B)
B.Sc. Theory 3 hrs 3 hrs 30 70 100
150
VII Practical 3 hrs 3 hrs 15 35 50
6 B.Sc. Theory 3 hrs 3 hrs 30 70 100
VIII(A)
150
or Practical 3 hrs 3 hrs 15 35 50
VIII(B)

Note: In the Practical component out of 35 marks: 25 for practical exam + 5 for vivo +5 for lab
record.

29
 PATTERN OF THE QUESTION PAPER

FROM 1st TO 4th SEMESTER

Time: 3 Hours Max.Marks:70
Answer any FIVE of the following
I Marks
(8 questions are given)
Answer any THREE of the following
II Marks
(05 questions are given)
Answer any THREE of the following
III Marks
(05 questions are given)
Answer any TWO of the following (03
IV 2x 5 = 10 Marks
questions are given)
Answer any TWO of the following (03
V 2x 5 = 10 Marks
questions are given)
Answer any TWO of the following (03
questions are given)
VI 2x 5 = 10 Marks
Questions to be taken only from
Application part

PATTERN OF THE QUESTION PAPER

FOR 5thand 6th SEMESTER

Answer any FIVE of the following

I Marks
(8 questions are given)
Answer any THREE of the following
II Marks
(05 questions are given)
Answer any THREE of the following
III Marks
(05 questions are given)
Answer any THREE of the following
IV 3x 5 = 15 Marks
(05 questions are given)
Answer any THREE of the following
(05 questions are given)
V 3x 5 = 15 Marks
Questions to be taken only from
Application part

30