Subject Name-Food Biotechnology and Nutraceuticals Subject Code - UGFT 505 Lecture-Isoflavonoids Miss Anita More

Subject Name-Food Biotechnology and
Nutraceuticals
Subject Code – UGFT 505
Lecture- Isoflavonoids
Miss . Anita More
Miss Anita More

Introduction
 Flavonoids are the most abundant polyphenols in human
diet, representing about 2/3 of all those ones ingested.
 Like other phytochemicals, they are the products of
secondary metabolism of plant.
 In fruits and vegetables, they usually found in the form of
glycosides and sometimes as acyl glycoside.
 While acylated methylated and sulfate molecules are less
frequent and in lower concentrations.
Classification of Flavonoids
 Flavonoids can be subdivided into different subgroups depending on the
carbon of the C ring on which B ring is attached, and the degree of
unsaturation and oxidation of the C ring.
 Flavonoids in which B ring is linked in position 3 of the ring C are
called isoflavones
 Those in which B ring is linked in position 4, neoflavonoids.
 While those in which the B ring is linked in position 2 can be further
subdivided into several subgroups on the basis of the structural features
of the C ring.
 These subgroup are: flavones, flavonols, flavanones,
flavanonols, flavanols or catechins and anthocyanins
Isoflavonoids
 Isoflavonoids are a class of flavonoid phenolic compounds many of which
are biologically active Isoflavonoids and their derivatives are sometimes
referred to as phytoestrogens.
 A large group of water-soluble flavones that are plant pigments, which are
mostly antioxidants and are found in variety of foods, esp soy products
(Genistein and doidzein)
 The Isoflavonoids group is broad, and includes many structurally similar

groups,including: isoflavones, isoflavonones, isoflavans,
pterocarpans,rotenoids.
 Various types of isoflovones are:- Biochanin A, Genistein, Daidzein,

Glycitein, Equol, Resveratrol, Quercetein.
 Isoflavones are produced mostexclusively by the members of Fabaceae (i.e

leguminous or bean) family
 Isoflavonoids such as genistein and daidzen are generally found in psoralea,
various legumes such as soybean (Glycine max), green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris
L), alfalfa sprout (Medicago sativa L),
 Moong bean (Vigna radiata l.), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.). peanut, chickpea,
Rudzu Root (Pueraria lobata L.),Red clover blossom (Trijolium pratense L.)
 Highly processed foods made from legumes such as tofu and fermented miso
retain most of their isoflavone content.
 Isoflavones are also found in foods of animal origin such as dairy products, meat,
eggs and sea food, but the overall contribution to the total intake is low.
• Leguminous plants are the primary sources of isoflavonoids, where they are
present usually in variable but small quantities.
• List of isoflavonoids:
1. Genistein
2. Daidzein
3. Glycitein
4. Orobol
5. Biochanin
6. Pueranin
7. Naringenin
8. Quercetin
- Soybean (Glycine max) :-
30-50 mg/day of standardized isoflavones,
Typically containing Genistein, Daidzein and
Glycetein
-Red clover blossoms :-

40-80 mg/day of standardized isoflavones,
Typicall containing Biochanin A, formononetin,
Genistein and Daidzein.
-Contraindications :-
History of breast cancer.
pregnancy or Lactation.
High does of isoflavones have been associated with loss of appetite, pedal
Oedema and abdominal tenderness
Genistein
 Genistein is a isoflavonoid belongs to class isoflavone.
 It can readily bind to estrogen receptors present in human and animal cells. Hence, it is also
called Phytoestrogens
 Major source of Genistein is soybean.
 Genistein occur in 4 chemical forms in soybean but the most abundant form is glycoside
genistin.
 In the gut glycoside genistin is hydrolyzed to Genistein by gut microflora.
 Exhibits wide range of health benefits such as anticancer activity, antioxidant activity, anti-
inflammatory action, estrogenic activity etc.
 Epidemiological studies shows that Genistein intake is inversely associated with risk of
cardiovascular diseases
Physiological effects
• Anticancer effects
• Antioxidant activity
• Anti-inflammatory activity
• Estrogenic effect
Applications of Isoflavonoids
Isoflavonoids for treatment and prevention of aging skin and wrinkles.
• The topical use of purified isoflavonoids, which are constituents of soy
beans, to effectively treat and prevent symptoms of aging skin, such as
wrinkles.
Why purified?
 Because the isoflavonoid is in a form which is more concentrated than
the form in which it occurs naturally in plants.
 Isoflavonoids can also be included in cosmetics (e.g., makeup); preferred
forms are -: moisturizing creams and lotions, skin oils, skin sprays and
gels.
Role of soy isoflavonoids for management of osteoporosis.
 Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mass and structural
deterioration of bone tissue.
 Occurring in women and is primarily related to aging and hormone
deficiency..
 Soy and soy milk are great sources of phytoestrogen that can increase
the absorption of calcium in your body and strengthen your bone.
 Soy milk fortified with extra vitamin D and calcium is recommended.
Reduce Cholesterol Level
 Unlike dairy milk, soy milk has no cholesterol and saturated fat.
 Soy contains polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids that can
prevent cholesterol from transporting into the bloodstream.
Improves Immunity
 Soy milk is considered an effective immunity system booster.
 Daily consumption of soy milk can boost and improve the function of
your immunity system.
 Protects Against Postmenopausal Syndromes
 In menopause, a woman’s estrogen level can drop significantly.
 The sudden reduction of estrogen may put women at
risk of developing postmenopausal syndromes.
 Women with postmenopausal syndromes are more
likely to get diabetes, heart disease and obesity.
 Regular consumption of soy and soy milk can lower
the risk of postmenopausal syndromes.
 Soybeans are the most widely used, least expensive, and least caloric way
to get large amounts of protein with very little fat.
 Soybeans contains high amount of isoflavones which are weak
phytoestrogens (estrogen-like compounds found in plants).
 Soybean have majorly Genistein and Daidzein
 Soy products are available in many forms, including tofu, soy milk, miso,
and soy powder.
 While soy foods are healthy, many scientists have had concerns about
women with hormone-receptor breast cancer consuming them.

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Miss Anita More

 The Isoflavonoids group is broad, and includes many structurally similar

 Various types of isoflovones are:- Biochanin A, Genistein, Daidzein,

 Isoflavones are produced mostexclusively by the members of Fabaceae (i.e

-Red clover blossoms :-

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