Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Faculty of Engineering

Beirut Arab University

RC DESIGN 2 (CVLE421)
TERM PROJECT
Group(26)
SUBMITTED BY:

MOHAMAD AMIN YOUSSEF 201901896

NADINE YASSINE 201901879

SUBMITTED TO:

DR. WAEL SLIKA

DR. ALI JAHAMI

Academic Year 2020/2021

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 Table of Contents
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 3

Advantages ..................................................................................................................................................... 4

Disadvantages.............................................................................................................................................. 4

ACI CODE ............................................................................................................................................. 5

The use of ROBOT .......................................................................................................................................... 6

The use of AUTOCAD................................................................................................................................ 7

The use of CSI SAFE ................................................................................................................ 7

Manual Calculation .............................................................................................................................. 8

Slab thickness ................................................................................................................................................. 8

Loads ......................................................................................................................................................... 11

Flexure Design ...................................................................................................................................... 11

Modeling steps of ROBOT ............................................................................................................................ 24

Software Calculation .......................................................................................................................... 33

Modeling steps of CSI SAFE ........................................................................................................................ 33

Results ....................................................................................................................................................... 39

Detailed Drawing ............................................................................................................................... 47

Slab Detailing .............................................................................................................................................. 47

Beams Detailing ....................................................................................................................................... 49

Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................... 57

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 INTRODUCTION
• Reinforced concrete slabs are utilized in floors, rooftops, and wall of building structures

and as the decks of bridges. The floor system of a design can takes numerous structures,

for example, in situ solid slabs, ribbed slabs or precast.

• Ribbed slabs have been widely used in buildings due to their many advantages,

especially the decrease of concrete below the neutral line. This paper presents an

experimental and computational study on ribbed slabs with wide-beam, two one-way

slabs and two two-way slabs, with variable depths were tested to evaluate their

resistance to punching and shear strength of slabs.

• There are two types of ribbed slab system:

1. One-way ribbed slab system

A one-way joist floor slab consists of a series of small, reinforced concrete T

beams that relate to girders that in turn carried by the building column.

2. Two-way ribbed slab System (Waffle system)

The system was designed to decrease the weight of traditional full-concrete

slabs. The dome-shaped forms create a matrix of voids surrounded by

orthogonal ribbing, producing a two-way configuration very suitable for large-

spanning slabs. Voids between all the domes reduce the dead load as the width

of that portion of the slab is less than a flat slab.

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 RIBS OF THE SLAB:

• Transport Loads in
one and 2 directions.
Advantages:

• Economical

• Critical choice when long span is needed

• Low Self-Weight

Disadvantages:

• Cannot handle large loads

• If no hollow blocks are used, then the formwork is expensive

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 • difficult to install electrical, mechanical, and sanitary equipment’s

ACI CODE
The American Concrete Institute (ACI) is a leading authority and resource worldwide for the

development and distribution of consensus-based standards, technical resources, educational

programs, certification programs, and proven expertise for individuals and organizations

involved in concrete design, construction, and materials, who share a commitment to

pursuing the best use of concrete.

The use of ACI code in our Project:

• Calculate the minimum thickness of the slab

• Calculate ultimate moments and ultimate shear

Equations needed:

• Vu≥ ∅𝑉𝑐
0.25√𝑓𝑐 1.4
• 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = max⁡( , )bw*d
𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦
• 𝑅𝑛 = 𝑀𝑢/(∅𝑏𝑑 ) 2
𝑓𝑦
• m= ( )
0.85𝑓𝑐
1 2𝑚𝑅𝑛 0.5
• 𝑃= ∗ (1 − (1 − ) )
𝑚 𝑓𝑦
Wu∗Ln
• (𝑀𝑢 = 𝐶𝑚 ∗ 𝑊𝑛 ∗ 𝐿𝑛2 , Vu = Cv ∗ )
2

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In order to start designing a ribbed slab several manual steps are followed :

1. Thickness: in this step we should choose the thickness and the direction of the ribs so we

can find the height of the slab (hf) and the height of the hourdies.

2. Loading: we calculate the dead load and the live load. Then, calculate the ultimate load.

3. Flexure and shear reinforcement of the slab: in this step we used robot in order to get all

the moments and we produced an excel sheet that performed all the calculations.

4. Design of the cantilevers.

5. Design of all the beams using same steps of robot and excel.

The Use of ROBOT

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Robot Structural Analysis Professional software provides structural engineers with

advanced building simulation and analysis capabilities for large, complex structures. The

software offers a smooth workflow, enabling engineers to perform simulation and

analysis of a variety of structures more quickly.

The Use of AUTOCAD

AutoCAD can be defined as the use of computer systems to assist in the creation,

modification, optimization of a design.

The Use of CSI SAFE

SAFE is the ultimate tool for designing concrete floor and foundation systems. From

framing layout all the way through to detail drawing production, SAFE integrates every

aspect of the engineering design process in one easy and intuitive environment.

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 Manual Calculations

1) Slab Thickness: We calculate the thickness in 2 directions x & y, then we choose the

minimum(a=0.9), We multiply only hmin with 0.9 in calculations.(Group 26)

AUTOCAD PLAN:

X-Direction:

• 7000/18.5=378.378 mm
• 1500/8= 187.5 mm
• 6000/21=285.71 mm

hmin=378.378

Y-Direction:

• 5000/18.5=270.27 mm
• 1500/8= 187.5 mm
• 6000/21=285.71 mm

hmin=285.71

Take: hmin =285.71*0.9=257.13=260mm

We choose Hourdie 18

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Hourdie 18:

Then: hf=260-180=80mm, bf=500mm, hw=180mm, bw=100mm(Group26)

Checks:

• bw ≥ 100mm

• Hw=180mm ≤ 300mm

• S=400mm ≤ 750mm

• hf=80mm ≥ 50mm
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Modified Plan After Multiplying every parameter by a=0.9:

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AUTOCAD sketch of the ribbed slab:

2) Loads:

• SDL:

1. Tiles 23x0.03=0.69

2. Mortar 22x0.03=0.66

3. Sand 17x0.07=1.19

4. Plaster 22x0.03=0.66

5. SDL= 0.69+0.66+1.19+0.66=3.2 KN/m^2

6. Given partitions= 2.3KN/m^

7. So WDL=(SDL+partitions) *bf+ (γc*hf*bf) +(γc*hw*bw) +WDL (hourdies)

8. WDL= (3.2+2.3) *500*10^3+ (25*0.08*0.5) + (25*0.18*0.1) +(0.145*5)

WDL=4.925 KN/m
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• Live load

• WLL=LL*bf=2*0.5

WLL= 1 KN/m

• Wu=1.2DL+1.6LL

• Wu=1.2(4.925) +1.6(1)

Wu=7.51 KN/m

3) Flexure design:

• Calculate the maximum positive and negative moment

• We will use excel sheet in manual calculations

• We will use ROBOT

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Design of slab reinforcement using excel sheets:

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Bending moment for the most critical span

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 Positive moment Kn.m Negative moment Kn.m
9.12 18.25
6.34 12.67
4.99 9.97
4.06 8.11
2.28 6.84

Equations to be used:

𝑀𝑢
1. 𝑅𝑛 = ∅∗𝑏𝑤∗𝑑^2

2. for d= hmin- clearcover- db/2- dstirrups

𝑓𝑦
3. 𝑚 = 0.85∗𝑓`𝑐

1 2𝑚𝑅𝑛 0.5
4. 𝑃 = ∗ (1 − (1 − ) )
𝑚 𝑓𝑦

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 5. 𝐴𝑠 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
0.25√𝑓𝑐 1.4
6. As=max{ 𝑓𝑦
; 𝑓𝑦 }*bw*d
𝐴𝑠
7. 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟⁡𝑜𝑓⁡𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 = 𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑟

Negative Moment Using Excel:

Critical Reinforcement: ∅14⁡

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Positive Moment Using Excel:

Critical Reinforcement: ∅10⁡

Shrinkage Steel:

• Ashrinkage = As(min) = ρmin ∗ b ∗ h= 144

πd2
• Try ∅6mm; Ab = 4

bAb
• S= =196.35
As

• Smax = min{5h, 450}

• S=261.76 ≤ Smax=400mm

Critical Reinforcement: ∅6@200𝑚𝑚⁡

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Shear for the most critical span

Vu=20.28 KN

1
• 𝑉𝑐 = 1.1 (6 ∗ √𝑓𝑐 ∗ 𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑)=21.08

• ∅𝑉𝑐 = 0.75𝑉𝑐=15.81

• Vu ≥⁡∅𝑉𝑐 so use Av(min)=7.19

1 1
• 𝑉𝑠(𝑚𝑖𝑛)=max(16 √𝑓𝑐, 3)*bw*d

𝐴𝑣∗𝑓𝑦𝑡∗𝑑
• 𝑆= =593.76 mm
𝑉𝑠

𝑑
• 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = min (2 , 600)=115 mm

Critical Reinforcement: 2∅6@115𝑚𝑚⁡

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Design of Beams:

To make the calculations faster we use again excel sheets.

Equations needed:

• 𝑅𝑛 =
𝑀𝑢
∅∗𝑏𝑤∗𝑑^2
;

2𝑚𝑅𝑛 0.5
• =
1
𝑚
(1 − (1 −
𝑓𝑦
) )

• As=𝜌𝑏𝑑

Steps needed in design:

• Compare Asmin with As

• check tension controlled

• choose the bar diameter

• calculate S and compare with Smin

• NOTE: if not tension controlled go to the double reinforcement

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Beam Single Reinforcement:

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Beam Double Reinforcement:

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Shear in Beams:

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Page | 23
 ROBOT STRUCTURAL DESIGN:

We have 5 beams in X-Direction in our plan to be designed:

Moments in beams:

Beams 1&8

Beams 3 &7

Beam 2

Beams 4

Beams 6

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Shears in beams:

Beams 1&8

Beams 3&7

Beam 2

Beams 4

Beams 6

Beams 1 & 8:

M(𝐾𝑁. 𝑚) Rn(𝑀𝑃𝑎) 𝜌 As(𝑚𝑚2 ) Number of bars

10.33 0.867 0.00211 210 2∅10

18.36 1.542 0.0038 240.355 2∅14
20.66 1.735 0.0043 271.861 2∅14
36.72 3.0839 0.00797 502.136 2∅18
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41.31 3.469 0.00907 571.67 2∅22
82.62(double) Mnc=83.76 As=407.98 2∅18
Mns=17.41 As=1420.19 2∅32

Vu ∅𝑉𝑐 (𝐾𝑁) Vs Vsmax Av/s Db Av S Smax

(𝐾𝑁) (𝐾𝑁) (𝐾𝑁) (𝑚𝑚) (𝑚𝑚) (𝑚𝑚2 ) (𝑚𝑚) (𝑚𝑚)
45.9 39 9 210 0.3 10 157 1327 105
61.2 39 29 210 0.396 10 157 397 105
91.8 39 70 210 0.951 10 157 165 105

Beams 3 & 7:

M(𝐾𝑁. 𝑚) Rn(𝑀𝑃𝑎) 𝜌 As(𝑚𝑚2) Number of

bars
16.4 1.3773 0.00339 213.77 2∅12
29.16 2.449 0.00621 391.37 2∅16
32.8 2.7547 0.00704 444.146 2∅18
58.32 4.8979 0.0134 847.311 2∅25
65.61 5.5102 0.0155 975.934 2∅25
131.22(double) Mnc=83.76 As=1802.75 2∅36
Mns=76.92 As=2305.76 3∅36

Vu(𝐾𝑁) ∅𝑉𝑐 (𝐾𝑁) Vs(𝐾𝑁) Vsmax(𝐾𝑁) Av/s(𝑚𝑚) Db(𝑚𝑚) Av(𝑚𝑚2 ) S Smax

(𝑚𝑚) (𝑚𝑚)

45.9 39 9 210 0.3 10 157 1327 105

72.9 39 45 210 0.608 10 157 258 105
97.2 39 77 210 1.049 10 157 150 105
145.8 39 142 210 1.9306 10 157 81 53

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Beams 2:

M(𝐾𝑁. 𝑚) Rn(𝑀𝑃𝑎) 𝜌 As(𝑚𝑚2) Number of

bars
25.6 1.127 0.0027 290 2∅14
51.19 2.254 0.00568 494.78 2∅18
57.59 2.536 0.00645 561.125 2∅22
78.39 3.452 0.00902 785.126 2∅25
156.78(double) Mnc=159.73 As=374.61 2∅16
Mns=32.24 As=1923.37 2∅36

Vu(𝐾𝑁) ∅𝑉𝑐 (𝐾𝑁) Vs(𝐾𝑁) Vsmax(𝐾𝑁) Av/s(𝑚𝑚) Db(𝑚𝑚) Av(𝑚𝑚2 ) S Smax

(𝑚𝑚) (𝑚𝑚)

85.32 54 41 290 0.406 10 157 386 145

127.8 54 98 290 0.964 10 157 163 145
149.31 54 127 290 1.247 10 157 126 145

Beams 4:

M(𝐾𝑁. 𝑚) Rn(𝑀𝑃𝑎) 𝜌 As(𝑚𝑚2) Number of

bars
16.4 0.9718 0.0023 250 2∅12
29.16 1.728 0.0043 322.25 2∅16
32.8 1.9437 0.00486 364.61 2∅16
58.32 3.456 0.00903 677.65 2∅22
65.61 3.88 0.0103 773.023 2∅25
131.22(double) Mnc=159.73 As=10.97 1∅6
Mns=76.92 As=1612.87 2∅36

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Vu(𝐾𝑁) ∅𝑉𝑐 (𝐾𝑁) Vs(𝐾𝑁) Vsmax(𝐾𝑁) Av/s(𝑚𝑚) Db(𝑚𝑚) Av(𝑚𝑚2 ) S Smax
(𝑚𝑚) (𝑚𝑚)

72.9 47 35 250 0.396 10 157 396 125

97.2 47 67 250 0.767 10 157 205 125
145.8 47 132 250 1.507 10 157 104 63

Beams 6:

M(𝐾𝑁. 𝑚) Rn(𝑀𝑃𝑎) 𝜌 As(𝑚𝑚2) Number of

bars
18.53 1.098 0.0026 250 2∅12
32.94 1.952 0.0048 366.25 2∅16
37.06 2.196 0.0055 414.84 2∅18
74.12 4.392 0.0118 888.314 2∅25
65.88 3.904 0.0103 776.614 2∅25
148.23(double) Mnc=118.71 As=981.22 2∅25
Mns=62.8 As=2129.93 3∅36

Vu(𝐾𝑁) ∅𝑉𝑐 (𝐾𝑁) Vs(𝐾𝑁) Vsmax(𝐾𝑁) Av/s(𝑚𝑚) Db(𝑚𝑚) Av(𝑚𝑚2 ) S Smax

(𝑚𝑚) (𝑚𝑚)

82.35 47 47 250 0.5406 10 157 291 125

109.8 47 84 250 0.958 10 157 164 125
164.7 47 157 250 1.795 10 157 87 63

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We have 2 beams in Y-Direction in our plan to be designed:

Moments in beams:

Beam A

Beam E

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Shear in beams:

Beam A

Beam E

Beam A:

M(𝐾𝑁. 𝑚) Rn(𝑀𝑃𝑎) 𝜌 As(𝑚𝑚2 ) Number of bars

5.47 0.459 0.0011 210 2∅10
10.94 0.918 0.0022 210 2∅14
14.35 1.2052 0.0029 210 2∅12
17.72 1.4882 0.0036 231.64 2∅14
25.51 2.1424 0.0054 339.43 2∅16
25.52 2.1432 0.00539 339.58 2∅16
28.7 2.4103 0.0061 384.776 2∅16
35.44 2.976 0.0076 483.064 2∅18

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 51.03 4.285 0.0115 725.399 2∅22

Vu(𝐾𝑁) ∅𝑉𝑐(𝐾𝑁) Vs(𝐾𝑁) Vsmax(𝐾𝑁) Av/s(𝑚𝑚) Db(𝑚𝑚) Av(𝑚𝑚2 ) S Smax

(𝑚𝑚) (𝑚𝑚)
26.25 39 -18 210 0.3 10 157 -660 105
47.25 39 11 210 0.3 10 157 1100 105
56.7 39 23 210 0.314 10 157 500 105
63.79 39 33 210 0.4429 10 157 355 105
85.05 39 61 210 0.828 10 157 190 105

Beam E:

M(𝐾𝑁. 𝑚) Rn(𝑀𝑃𝑎) 𝜌 As(𝑚𝑚2 ) Number of bars

5.47 0.459 0.0011 210 2∅8
10.55 0.886 0.0021 210 2∅10
12.3 1.033 0.0025 210 2∅12
21.87 1.836 0.0045 288.57 2∅14
24.6 2.066 0.0051 326.63 2∅16
34.17 2.869 0.0073 464.273 2∅18
42.78 3.592 0.0094 594.336 2∅22
43.74 3.673 0.00967 609.245 2∅22
68.34 5.739 0.01628 1026.07 2∅25
85.56(double) Mnc=83.76 As=492.35 2∅18
Mns=21.01 As=1473.77 2∅32

Vu(𝐾𝑁) ∅𝑉𝑐(𝐾𝑁) Vs(𝐾𝑁) Vsmax(𝐾𝑁) Av/s(𝑚𝑚) Db(𝑚𝑚) Av(𝑚𝑚2 ) S Smax

(𝑚𝑚) (𝑚𝑚)
36.45 39 -4 210 0.3 10 157 -296 105
50.63 39 15 210 0.3 10 157 769 105
54.68 39 20 210 0.3 10 157 566 105

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 72.9 39 45 210 0.608 10 157 258 105
91.13 39 69 210 0.938 10 157 167 105
114.08 39 100 210 1.355 10 157 116 105

We can conclude that we have 1 embedded beam and 2 drop beams

BEAMS: 1, 3, 7, 8, A, E are embedded beams

BEAM 2 is a drop beam

BEAMS: 4, 6 are drop beams

We designed every span

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SOFTWARE CSI SAFE Calculations:

Modelling Steps:

• Save the AutoCAD file as DXF file and open the safe csi 2016 and import the file.

Choose col-wall for the area since it is closed section and the units in m.

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• Assign (concrete1) f’c=25 MPa

• Assign (rebar1) for stirrups with Fy=350 N/mm2 & Fu=438 N/mm2

• Assign (rebar2) for longitudinal reinforcements with Fy=400 N/mm2 & Fu=500 N/mm2

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• Embedded Beam: First Beam1 of 30 cm width and 260 cm height

• Drop Beams:

1. Second Beam2 of a drop beam of 30 cm width and 34 cm height

2. Third Beam3 of drop beam 30 cm width

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• Define two ribbed slabs of 80mm slab thickness, 100 mm web width and 500 mm

spacing (X & Y direction, where the cantilever in X-Direction).

Slab1: X-Direction

Slab2: Y-Direction

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• Add wall of 300 mm thickness

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• Load Combinations:

1. 1.4DL

2. 1.2DL+1.6LL

• Draw 4 design strips in the Y-direction of width 0.25m, one strip along each panel,

and 1 strips in the X-direction along the cantilever

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RESULTS:

PLAN VIEW:

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3D VIEW:

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DEFORMED SHAPE OF 1.2D+1.6L:

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DESIGN OF STRIP:

Moment:

Max Moment :14.5 KN.m

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Shear:

Max Shear: 41 KN

Page | 43
DESIGN OF BEAM:

Moment:

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Page | 45
Shear:

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DETAILED DRAWING:

SLAB:

• Plan view showing main ribs and cross ribs

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• Section view in y direction

• Cross section in x direction

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BEAMS IN X-DIRECTION:

Beams 1 & 8 in X-Direction:

Cross section of beams 1 & 8:

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Beams 3 & 7 in X-Direction:

Cross section of beams 3 & 7:

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Beam 2 in X-Direction:

Cross section of beams 2:

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Beams 4 & 6 in X-Direction:

Cross section of beams 4 & 6:

Beams 4 and 6 had different reinforcement

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BEAM 4:

BEAM 6:

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BEAMS IN Y-DIRECTION:

Beam A in y-direction:

Cross section of beams A:

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Beam E in y-direction:

Cross section of beams E:

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CANTILEVER:

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CONCLUSION:

• Depending on Manual calculation:

1. Shear: Vu=20.28 KN

2. Moment: M=18 KN.m

• Depending on SAFE calculation:

1. Shear: Vu=41 KN

2. Moment: M=14.5 KN.m

• This difference due to human error

• When calculating manually we did not take openings in the middle.

• Safe took higher factor of safety.

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